CN108007252A - A kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger - Google Patents
A kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108007252A CN108007252A CN201711462189.6A CN201711462189A CN108007252A CN 108007252 A CN108007252 A CN 108007252A CN 201711462189 A CN201711462189 A CN 201711462189A CN 108007252 A CN108007252 A CN 108007252A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- exchange tube
- internal
- internal channel
- present
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
- F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of heat exchange equipment, discloses a kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger.Heat-exchange tube includes the tube wall that material is silicon carbide ceramics.Tube wall has internal face and outside wall surface, and internal face is provided with internal channel, and internal channel extends along the length direction of heat-exchange tube.The heat exchanger of the present invention includes the heat-exchange tube.When the internal face of heat-exchange tube is provided with internal channel, film condenses the liquid film to be formed and can be flowed under the surface tension effects of itself in internal channel so that the liquid film on heat-transfer surface outside internal channel is thinned, and so considerably increases heat transfer efficiency.And internal channel extends on the length direction of heat-exchange tube so that the liquid in internal channel can drain along interior raceway groove flowing in time, be unlikely to accumulate excessive condensate liquid and influence the thinned effect of liquid film on the heat-transfer surface outside heat-transfer effect and internal groove.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of heat exchange equipment, in particular to a kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger.
Background technology
Heat-exchange tube is the critical component of heat exchanger, and most heat exchangers of commercial Application use metal fever at present
Exchange pipe.Its heat conductivity is good, but corrosion resistance is poor, easy fouling, and temperature in use is not high.Present chemical environment is most
In the presence of corrosive conditions such as acid or alkali, under these operating modes, metallic heat exchanger tube is that use is restricted.To meet heat exchange
Demand, has developed glass, ceramics, Fluorine-lined heat exchanger tube, but these substitutes all there are problems that:Cannot be extensively using all
Soda acid operating mode, thermal conductivity it is low.
Silicon carbide ceramics has outstanding high temperature resistant and corrosion resistance, it is even if at relatively high temperatures also can long-time work
Make in oxidation and aggressive atmosphere and strong acid-base.The thermal conductivity factor of silicon carbide ceramics is up to 140~180W/ (mk), is approximately
Twice of metal tantalum, 5 times of stainless steel, 50 times of PTFE.But the existing heat-exchange tube made of silicon carbide ceramics, it exchanges heat
Efficiency is still not high enough.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of heat-exchange tube, it possesses higher heat exchange efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat exchanger, it includes heat-exchange tube proposed by the present invention, it possesses
Higher heat exchange efficiency.
What the embodiment of the present invention was realized in:
A kind of heat-exchange tube, it includes tube wall, and the material of tube wall is silicon carbide ceramics;Tube wall has internal face and outer wall
Face, internal face are provided with internal channel, and internal channel extends along the length direction of heat-exchange tube.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
The extending direction of internal channel is consistent with the axis direction of heat-exchange tube.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
More than two internal channels, circumferentially-spaced arrangement of each internal channel in internal face are provided with internal face.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
The both ends of internal channel are through to the end face at heat-exchange tube both ends.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
Protrusion is provided with internal channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
Outside wall surface is provided with outer channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
The depth of internal channel is the 1/8~1/4 of pipe thickness.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
The width of internal channel is less than the thickness of tube wall.
In an embodiment of the present invention:
The internal diameter of heat-exchange tube is 8-60mm.
A kind of heat exchanger provided by the invention, it includes above-mentioned heat-exchange tube.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is:
The heat-exchange tube of the present invention, it includes the tube wall that material is silicon carbide ceramics.Tube wall has internal face and outside wall surface,
Internal face is provided with internal channel, and internal channel extends along the length direction of heat-exchange tube.Silicon carbide ceramics material has high lead
Hot property.But under normal circumstances, when heat-exchange tube inside needs outwards heat transfer for high-temperature gas, steam medium meeting film coagulates
Knot forms complete liquid film and is covered on internal face, and this liquid film thermal conductivity factor is often smaller, therefore seriously affects heat transfer, becomes carbon
The heat exchange restricted link of SiClx ceramics heat-exchange tube.When internal face is provided with internal channel, film condenses the liquid film meeting to be formed
Under the surface tension effects of itself, flow in internal channel so that the liquid film on heat-transfer surface outside internal channel is thinned, so significantly
Add heat transfer efficiency.And internal channel extends on the length direction of heat-exchange tube so that liquid in internal channel can and
When along interior raceway groove flowing drain, be unlikely to accumulate excessive condensate liquid and influence the heat-transfer surface outside heat-transfer effect and internal groove
The thinned effect of upper liquid film.
The heat exchanger of the present invention is provided with above-mentioned heat-exchange tube, therefore has identical beneficial effect, no longer superfluous herein
State.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore be not construed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the axial schematic diagram of heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the outside wall surface schematic diagram of heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is that view is unfolded in the internal face of heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of internal channel in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the outside wall surface schematic diagram of heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 7 is the distribution schematic diagram of the outer channel in another embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:100- heat-exchange tubes;110- tube walls;Heat-transfer surface in 112-;120- internal channels;122- inner groove surfaces;124- is convex
Rise;130- outer channels.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention implementation being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings
The component of example can be arranged and designed with a variety of configurations.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this area is common
Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without creative efforts, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
It should be noted that:Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.
, it is necessary to which explanation, the orientation of the instruction such as term " interior ", " outer " or position are closed in the description of the embodiment of the present invention
Be for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or the invention product using when the orientation usually put or position close
System, is for only for ease of and describes the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicates or imply that signified device or element must have
Specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term
" setting ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or integratedly be connected
Connect;Can mechanically connect or be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can
To be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the axial schematic diagram of heat-exchange tube 100 in the embodiment of the present invention 1;Fig. 2 is that heat is handed in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Change the outside wall surface schematic diagram of pipe 100.Referring to Fig.1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of heat-exchange tube 100, it includes being formed logical
The tube wall 110 in road.Interior media flows in passage, and carries out heat exchange, therefore heat exchange by tube wall 110 and external agency
The factors such as the temperature difference inside and outside the size in face, the material of tube wall 110, thickness and heat-exchange tube 100 all produce heat exchanging speed
Influence.It is high-temperature gas that the heat-exchange tube 100 of the present embodiment, which can be used for interior media, and external agency temperature is less than interior media
Situation, i.e., the situation that heat transmits from inside to outside.
In the present embodiment, the material selection silicon carbide ceramics of tube wall 110, has outstanding high temperature resistant and corrosion resistance
Can, it even if can also work long hours at relatively high temperatures in aoxidize and aggressive atmosphere and strong acid-base in.Silicon carbide ceramics
Thermal conductivity factor is up to 140~180W/ (mk), is approximately twice of metal tantalum, 5 times of stainless steel, 50 times of PTFE.Therefore utilize
Silicon carbide ceramics can be theoretically relative to the heat exchange efficiency of traditional material lifting several times as Heat Conduction Material.But existing use
The heat-exchange tube that silicon carbide ceramics makes, its heat exchange efficiency are still not ideal enough.
Inventor has found that the existing heat-exchange tube made of silicon carbide ceramics, its heat exchange efficiency is still not
It is enough that preferably the reason is that, the steam of high temperature is when internal face is exchanged heat, film condensation occurs in the internal face of heat-exchange tube,
Film condensation makes internal face always be covered by one layer of complete film condensation, this layer of liquid film is internal high temperature gas and heat-exchange tube
Internal face separate.Therefore, after this layer of liquid film forming, steam condensation can only occur on liquid film surface.Therefore film coagulates
The heat exchange efficiency of knot is relatively less than dropwise condensation.Steam liberated heat must can just be transmitted to tube wall by this layer of liquid film, rear to condense
The liquid of formation causes liquid film progressive additive.Because steam condensation is usually smaller for the thermal resistance to phase transition of liquid, this layer of liquid film
Often become the dominant thermal resistance of the inside and outside carry out heat exchange of heat-exchange tube.
Fig. 3 is that view is unfolded in the internal face of heat-exchange tube 100 in the embodiment of the present invention 1.Fig. 3 is refer to, it is thin in order to reduce
The heat transfer that film coagulation band comes hinders, and the present embodiment in internal face by setting internal channel 120 to reduce the liquid on the heat-transfer surface of part
Film thickness, so as to improve heat exchange efficiency.Due to the presence of internal channel 120, internal face is divided into inner groove surface 122 and interior heat-transfer surface
112.In the present embodiment, inner groove surface 122 is the wall in internal channel 120, and interior heat-transfer surface 112 removes inner groove surface for internal face
Other walls beyond 122, the liquid film on interior heat-transfer surface 112 are thinned because of the presence of internal channel 120.
Specifically, internal channel 120 along heat-exchange tube 100 length direction extend, and with the axis side of heat-exchange tube 100
To consistent.Two end faces of heat-exchange tube 100 are run through at the both ends of internal channel 120, therefore the coagulating liq in internal channel 120 can be with
The other end of heat-exchange tube 100 is circulated to from one end of heat-exchange tube 100, therefore facilitates the timely row of unnecessary coagulating liq
Walk.In other embodiments of the invention, internal channel 120 can also be set in the mode that internal face helically extends.
In the present embodiment, internal channel 120 is a continuous groove.Fig. 4 is septal fossula in another embodiment of the present invention
The structure diagram of groove 120.Fig. 4 is referred to, in its another embodiment of the present invention, internal channel 120 can be interrupted groove body,
Protrusion 124 is provided with internal channel 120, internal channel 120 is truncated into more than two sections.In this case, internal face is added
Surface area, that is, add heat exchange area, therefore be more advantageous to radiating.
Fig. 1 is continued referring to, in the present embodiment, is processed for convenience, the cross section profile of internal channel 120 is circular arc,
In the other embodiment of the present invention, can be changed according to actual needs, for example, by internal channel 120 be arranged to dovetail groove,
Rectangular channel, inverted v-shaped groove etc..In the present embodiment, the inner groove surface 122 of internal channel 120 and the junction fillet of interior heat-transfer surface 112 make
Its is smooth, and flowing is smooth.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure the self-strength of heat-exchange tube 100 and heat exchange efficiency, heat-exchange tube
100 internal diameter should be 8~60mm, can be made choice within this range according to actual conditions.It should be noted that internal diameter here should be with
Subject to internal diameter at interior heat-transfer surface 112.
120 quantity of internal channel of the present invention according to should be configured according to caliber and technology Calculation condition, if caliber greatly and
When the coefficient of heat transfer needed is high, the quantity of groove can be increased.In the present embodiment, the internal face of heat-exchange tube 100 is provided with
12 internal channels 120, circumferentially-spaced arrangement of multiple internal channels 120 along internal face.In other embodiments of the invention, septal fossula
The number of groove 120 can be increased and decreased according to actual conditions.
In order to which the thickness of tube wall 110 should be less than with the preferable effect that liquid film is thinned, the width of internal channel 120.This
The thickness of place's tube wall 110 should be the thickness at interior heat-transfer surface 112, and the width of internal channel 120 changes for 120 both sides of internal channel with interior
The distance between the junction in hot face 112.In the case where not influencing product quality, 120 width of internal channel is more narrow better, it is got over
It is narrow more to realize that the effect of liquid film is thinned in surface tension.In the present embodiment, the width of internal channel 120 is 110 thickness of tube wall
0.8 times.
The depth of internal channel 120 has certain relation with the quantity of internal channel 120.In the forming process of heat-exchange tube 100,
Heat-exchange tube 100 rigidity of itself cannot be influenced because internal channel 120 is too deep.If 120 bottom position of internal channel is too thin, rear
In the technical process in face, because of shrinking 100 surface of heat-exchange tube can be caused stomata occur, and thoroughly failed.Therefore in this hair
In bright embodiment, 120 depth of internal channel should be controlled the 1/8~1/4 of 110 thickness of tube wall, specific in this implementation, internal channel
120 depth are the 1/4 of 110 thickness of tube wall.This depth can be according to circumstances adjusted in above-mentioned scope.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of heat exchanger (not shown), its heat exchanger tube uses the heat-exchange tube 100 of the present embodiment.
The operation principle of heat-exchange tube 100 is:
When internal high-temperature steam medium outwardly carries out conveying heat by tube wall 110, film occurs in internal face
Condense, form liquid film.The formation of liquid film is the main reason for heat transfer effect of silicon carbide ceramic is still not ideal enough.And raceway groove
Presence the liquid of liquid film is flowed under the action of its own face tension force into internal channel 120.Hence in so that interior heat-transfer surface
Thinning of liquid film on 112 is so as to improve heat exchange efficiency.And the liquid subsequently condensed can be also entered in internal channel 120, work as septal fossula
Fluid accumulation in groove 120 to a certain extent when, can drain along the flowing of internal channel 120, avoiding accumulating excessive liquid influences
Heat transfer.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of heat-exchange tube 100 in the embodiment of the present invention 2;Fig. 6 is heat-exchange tube in the embodiment of the present invention 2
100 outside wall surface schematic diagram;Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are refer to, heat-exchange tube 100 provided in this embodiment, it includes the pipe to form passage
Wall 110.The tube wall 110 of the present embodiment selects thyrite to be made.The heat-exchange tube 100 of the present embodiment can be used for interior
Portion's medium is high-temperature gas, and external agency temperature is less than the situation of interior media, i.e., the situation that heat transmits from inside to outside.
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, the heat-exchange tube 100 of the present embodiment in internal face by setting internal channel 120
To reduce the thickness of liquid film on the heat-transfer surface of part, so as to improve heat exchange efficiency.Difference is, the heat-exchange tube of the present embodiment
100 outside wall surface is additionally provided with outer channel 130.
Specifically, outer channel 130 along heat-exchange tube 100 length direction extend, and with the axis side of heat-exchange tube 100
To consistent.Unlike internal channel 120, not through two end faces of heat-exchange tube 100, this is at the both ends of outer channel 130
The both ends of heat-exchange tube 100 are sealed for convenience, can easily influence sealing effect if outer channel 130 runs through end face.
In the present embodiment, for the cross sectional shape of outer channel 130 for fan annular, the plane where two side wall passes through heat-exchange tube 100
Axis, the groove bottom of outer channel 130 for cambered surface and has identical axial line with outside wall surface.In other embodiments, outer fissure
The cross sectional shape of groove 130 can also be the other shapes such as semicircle, rectangle, trapezoidal.
The effect of outer channel 130 is to increase the surface area of outside wall surface, that is, adds the heat-transfer surface in the outside of heat-exchange tube 100
Product, so as to improve heat exchange efficiency.It should be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention, outer channel 130 can also be in outside wall surface
The mode helically extended is set.Fig. 7 is the distribution schematic diagram of the outer channel 130 in another embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 7 institutes
Show, outer channel 130 can also circumferentially extend to form cricoid groove body around outside wall surface.
In conclusion the heat-exchange tube of the present invention, it includes the tube wall that material is silicon carbide ceramics.Tube wall has internal face
And outside wall surface, internal face are provided with internal channel, internal channel extends along the length direction of heat-exchange tube.Silicon carbide ceramics material has
High heat conductivility.But when under normal circumstances, needing outwards heat transfer inside heat-exchange tube for high-temperature gas, steam medium
Can film condense to form complete liquid film and be covered on internal face, this liquid film thermal conductivity factor is often smaller, therefore seriously affects biography
Heat, becomes the heat exchange restricted link of silicon carbide ceramics heat exchange pipe so that the carborundum pottery with high thermal conductivity originally
Porcelain heat conductivility can not play completely, and the heat transfer efficiency of existing silicon carbide ceramic is still not ideal enough.And work as internal face
When being provided with internal channel, film condenses the liquid film to be formed and can be flowed under the surface tension effects of itself in internal channel so that interior
The liquid film on heat-transfer surface outside groove is thinned, and so considerably increases heat transfer efficiency.And internal channel is in the length of heat-exchange tube
Side upwardly extends so that the liquid in internal channel can drain along interior raceway groove flowing in time, be unlikely to accumulate excessive condensate liquid
And influence the thinned effect of liquid film on the heat-transfer surface outside heat-transfer effect and internal groove.
The heat exchanger of the present invention is provided with above-mentioned heat-exchange tube, therefore has identical beneficial effect, no longer superfluous herein
State.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. heat-exchange tube, it is characterised in that:The heat-exchange tube includes tube wall, and the material of the tube wall is silicon carbide ceramics;The tube wall has internal face and outer wall Face, the internal face are provided with internal channel, and the internal channel extends along the length direction of the heat-exchange tube.
- 2. heat-exchange tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The extending direction of the internal channel is consistent with the axis direction of the heat-exchange tube.
- 3. heat-exchange tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Two internal channels described above are provided with the internal face, each internal channel is in the circumferentially-spaced of the internal face Arrangement.
- 4. heat-exchange tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The both ends of the internal channel are through to the end face at the heat-exchange tube both ends.
- 5. heat-exchange tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Protrusion is provided with the internal channel.
- 6. according to the heat-exchange tube any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:The outside wall surface is provided with outer channel.
- 7. according to the heat-exchange tube any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:The depth of the internal channel is the 1/8~1/4 of the pipe thickness.
- 8. according to the heat-exchange tube any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:The width of the internal channel is less than the thickness of the tube wall.
- 9. according to the heat-exchange tube any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:The internal diameter of the heat-exchange tube is 8-60mm.
- A kind of 10. heat exchanger, it is characterised in that:The heat exchanger includes heat-exchange tube as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201711462189.6A CN108007252A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | A kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201711462189.6A CN108007252A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | A kind of heat-exchange tube and heat exchanger |
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JPH11337285A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 1999-12-10 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co Ltd | Both-side grooved pipe and heat exchanger |
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CN201993022U (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-28 | 江阴新华宏铜业有限公司 | Copper and nickel alloy heat exchange tube |
CN204085259U (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 北京广厦环能科技有限公司 | Two-sided strengthened heat exchanger |
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2017
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JPH11337285A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 1999-12-10 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co Ltd | Both-side grooved pipe and heat exchanger |
CN2814307Y (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2006-09-06 | 广东申菱空调设备有限公司 | Heat exchange tube |
CN201259395Y (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-06-17 | 青州飞达动力机械有限公司 | Heat exchange tube having inner and outer extension surface |
CN201993022U (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-28 | 江阴新华宏铜业有限公司 | Copper and nickel alloy heat exchange tube |
CN204085259U (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 北京广厦环能科技有限公司 | Two-sided strengthened heat exchanger |
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