CN108004436A - A kind of alterant, the preparation method using its refining aluminium alloy and obtained aluminium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of alterant, the preparation method using its refining aluminium alloy and obtained aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108004436A CN108004436A CN201711456432.3A CN201711456432A CN108004436A CN 108004436 A CN108004436 A CN 108004436A CN 201711456432 A CN201711456432 A CN 201711456432A CN 108004436 A CN108004436 A CN 108004436A
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- aluminium alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
Preparation method and obtained aluminium alloy the present invention relates to a kind of alterant, using its refining aluminium alloy.The component of alterant of the present invention is Te according to percentage by weight：1 5%, Sb component is according to percentage by weight：1 10%, surplus Al.Ternary alterant is added in the Al Si alloys that temperature is 680 750 DEG C, the Te contents for making addition are 0.05 0.2wt%, i.e. pourable after uniform stirring degasification.Modification process of the invention is easy to use, Te, Sb composite inoculating effect are good, rotten Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is alongst reduced with width size.Modification effect is stable, rotten effective time is long and without incubation period, rear 2 hours of going bad after testing still have preferable modification effect.Tensile strength, yield strength and the elongation percentage of alloy have different degrees of raising after rotten.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of alterant, the preparation method using its refining aluminium alloy
And obtained aluminium alloy.
Background technology
People, which study aluminium-silicon alloys, the history of more than 100 years, due to alloy have good casting character, compared with
The advantages that high intensity, preferable electric conductivity, the tool in fields such as aerospace, high-speed railway, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances, automobile makings
It is widely used, it accounts for the 85-90% of aluminium alloy castings product.But this kind of alloy Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is in needle-shaped strong influence
The performance of alloy, the practical problem that always Al-Si alloys need to solve in the application so Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys goes bad.Current application compared with
More is that Na goes bad and goes bad with Sr, and Na metamorphic times are short, only 40 minutes under normal circumstances.Sr deteriorating times are longer,
But Sr easy air-breathings during use, easily there is needle pore defect, and Sr easily scaling loss during following process,
Data show that probably there is 40-60%Sr to be burnt in the melt.There is RE Modified long-term effect and remelting not to fail, but add
Enter easy RE Modified and the hydrogen in aluminium alloy melt and other oxides react, cause bad for rotten rare earth element
Control, and it is also a main cause for limiting its application that rare earth alloy is expensive.Sb is a kind of long-acting alterant, is not dived
Fu Qi, and it is cheap, but Sb changes confrontation cooling velocity is more sensitive, for the heavy wall sand-cast effect unobvious of slow cooling.
Te is also a kind of long-acting alterant, and cooling velocity influences its modification effect smaller, needs certain incubation period but Te goes bad,
And it is expensive, limit its application industrially.Using Te, Sb composite inoculating in some aspects can it is complementary, can drop
Can also shorten incubation period reduces cost to the low sensitiveness for becoming confrontation speed at the same time, and Te, Sb composite inoculating are used based on this present invention,
Study its influence to hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy tissue and performance.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided a kind of alterant, use its essence
The preparation method of aluminium metallurgy alloy and obtained aluminium alloy.After the alterant of the present invention uses Sb, Te composite inoculating, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys goes bad
Effect effectively improves, and it is rotten there is long-term effect, it is still preferable to keep the temperature 2 hour Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys modification effects.To rotten
Al-alloy mechanical properties afterwards are tested, the results showed that：Aluminium alloy tensile strength after rotten improves 10.8%, surrender
Intensity improves 6.2%, and elongation percentage improves 70.2%.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The present invention provides a kind of composite modifier, the composite modifier includes the weight ratio of Al and Te, Sb, wherein Te and Sb
For 1:1-2.
Composite modifier as described above, the composite modifier are Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys.
Composite modifier as described above, Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, are Te according to percentage by weight：1-5%, Sb component
It is according to percentage by weight：1-10%, surplus Al.
Composite modifier as described above, Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, can also use 1-5wt%Al-Te intermediate alloys, 1-
10wt%Al-Sb intermediate alloys, prepare Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys.
As preferable technical solution：
Present invention also offers the method for the composite modifier refining aluminium alloy, in refining, into aluminium alloy smelting liquid
Composite modifier is added, Te contents are 0.05-0.2wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition.
The method of composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above, the aluminium alloy is Al-Si aluminium alloys.
The method of composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above, the aluminium alloy is Al-Si-Mg aluminium alloys.
The method of composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above, the temperature kept is 680-750 DEG C.
The method of composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above, after stirring evenly, further includes and is passed through argon gas rotation
The step of turning injection degasification 10-15min.
Composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above, rotary impreller degassing stand 5-10min, aluminum alloy melt are toppled over
Come out of the stove, into subsequent processing.
Present invention also offers aluminium alloy prepared by the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy as described above.
Beneficial effect
Te, Sb composite modifier of the present invention causes Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys alongst to shorten while also along becoming on width
Carefully, composite inoculating positive effect ratio be individually added into Sb, Te modification effect will well and composite inoculating it is insensitive to cooling velocity.
Te, Sb composite modifier of the present invention has long-term effect, when soaking time increase to 2 it is small when also there is preferable change
Matter effect, when soaking time increase to 3 it is small when when go bad and start to fail.
Go bad after Te, Sb composite modifier of the present invention after aluminium alloy, enable aluminum alloy to tensile strength, yield strength, extension
Rate has a different degrees of raising, and wherein tensile strength, which improves 10.8%, yield strength and improves 6.2%, elongation percentage, improves
70.2%。
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the aluminium alloy metallurgical tissue picture of comparative example 1；
Fig. 2 is the aluminium alloy metallurgical tissue picture of comparative example 2；
Fig. 3 is the aluminium alloy metallurgical tissue picture of comparative example 3；
Fig. 4 is the aluminium alloy metallurgical tissue picture of the embodiment of the present invention 9；
Fig. 5 is the asynchronous aluminium alloy metallurgical tissue picture of soaking time after composite inoculating of the present invention；（a）After embodiment 10 is rotten
Soaking time is the metallurgical tissue picture of 2h；（b）Soaking time is the metallurgical tissue picture of 3h after embodiment 11 is rotten.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments.It is to be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Fixed scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite modifier of the present invention, comprising Al and Te, Sb, three, which is formed, prepares Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, its component
It is that weight ratio containing Sb is 1wt%, surplus Al containing Te1wt% according to weight ratio.
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite modifier of the present invention, comprising Al and Te, Sb, three, which is formed, prepares Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, its component
It is 5wt% containing Te according to weight ratio, containing Sb10wt%, surplus Al.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite modifier of the present invention, comprising Al and Te, Sb, three, which is formed, prepares Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, its component
It is that weight ratio containing Sb is 6wt%, surplus Al containing Te4wt% according to weight ratio.
Embodiment 4
A kind of composite modifier of the present invention, comprising Al and Te, Sb, using 5wt%Al-Te intermediate alloys, among 10wt%Al-Sb
Alloy, prepares Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, its component is containing Te2wt% according to weight ratio, and weight ratio containing Sb is 3.6wt%, surplus
For Al.
Embodiment 5
A kind of composite modifier of the present invention, comprising Al and Te, Sb, using 4wt%Al-Te intermediate alloys, among 8wt%Al-Sb
Alloy, prepares Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys, its component is that weight ratio containing Sb is 4wt%, and surplus is containing Te2wt% according to weight ratio
Al。
Embodiment 6
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of Al-Si aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 680 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 4 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.2wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are
0.36wt%, and after stirring evenly, be passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 10min, then stand 5min, aluminum alloy melt is inclined
Stove is poured out, is poured into a mould.
Embodiment 7
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of Al-Si aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 750 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 2 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.1wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are 0.2wt%,
And after stirring evenly, argon gas rotary impreller degassing 15min is passed through, 10min is then stood, aluminum alloy melt is toppled over and is come out of the stove,
Cast.
Embodiment 8
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of Al-Si aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 700 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 3 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.15wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are
0.225wt%, and after stirring evenly, be passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 12min, then stand 8min, aluminum alloy melt is inclined
Stove is poured out, is poured into a mould.
Embodiment 9
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of A356 aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 740 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 1 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.05wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are also
0.05wt%, and after stirring evenly, be passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 13min, then stand 9min, aluminum alloy melt is inclined
Stove is poured out, is poured into a mould.Olympus metallography microscope sem observation is used to aluminum alloy organization's observation after rotten, its corresponding metallographic shines
Piece is as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 10
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of A356 aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 740 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 1 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.05wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are also
0.05wt%, and after stirring evenly, after insulation two hours, is passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 13min, then stands 9min,
Aluminum alloy melt is toppled over and is come out of the stove, is poured into a mould.Olympus metallography microscope sem observation is used to aluminum alloy organization's observation after rotten, its
Corresponding metallograph such as Fig. 5（a）It is shown.
Embodiment 11
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, in refining, will prepare the base of A356 aluminium alloys
After matter melting sources, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps 740 DEG C of melting liquid temperature degree, and adds embodiment 1 in melting liquid and makes
Standby composite modifier, Te contents are 0.05wt% in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition, and Sb contents are also
0.05wt%, and after stirring evenly, after insulation three hours, is passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 13min, then stands 9min,
Aluminum alloy melt is toppled over and is come out of the stove, is poured into a mould.Olympus metallography microscope sem observation is used to aluminum alloy organization's observation after rotten, its
Corresponding metallograph such as Fig. 5（b）It is shown.
Comparative example 1
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, its aluminium alloy preparation method base with embodiment 9
This is identical, and distinctive points are, do not add any alterant in the aluminum alloy melt in comparative example 1.To the aluminum alloy organization after cast
Observation uses Olympus metallography microscope sem observation, its corresponding metallograph is as shown in Figure 1.
Comparative example 2
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, its aluminium alloy preparation method base with embodiment 9
This is identical, and distinctive points are, Sb alterants are only added in the aluminum alloy melt in comparative example 2, and addition adds with the Sb in embodiment 9
It is identical to enter amount.Olympus metallography microscope sem observation, its corresponding metallograph are used to aluminum alloy organization's observation after rotten
As shown in Figure 2.
Comparative example 3
The method using above-mentioned composite modifier refining aluminium alloy of the present invention, its aluminium alloy preparation method base with embodiment 9
This is identical, and distinctive points are, Te alterants are only added in the aluminum alloy melt in comparative example 3, and addition adds with the Te in embodiment 9
It is identical to enter amount.Olympus metallography microscope sem observation, its corresponding metallograph are used to aluminum alloy organization's observation after rotten
As shown in Figure 3.
2nd, Function detection
1st, the embodiment of the present invention 9, comparative example 1-3 metallographic structure photo as shown in Figs 1-4.
1）Add Sb it is rotten when, Sb, which goes bad to have, makes morphology of eutectic silicon attenuate along width, Sb to cooling velocity more
Sensitivity, it is local after rotten to still have more thick needlelike phase.
2）Te is individually added into, modification effect increases with the increase of the addition of Te, but still has pin in crystal boundary
The Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys of shape, its trend for having and making Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys alongst shorten that goes bad, Te modification effects are rotten significantly better than Sb
Effect, Te, which becomes confrontation cooling velocity, does not have Sb sensitivities.
3）Te, Sb composite inoculating cause Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys alongst to shorten while also along attenuating on width,
Composite inoculating positive effect ratio is individually added into Sb, Te modification effect will well and composite inoculating and insensitive to cooling velocity.
2nd, aluminium alloy made from aluminium alloy made from the embodiment of the present invention 9 and comparative example 1-3 is subjected to mechanical performance contrast,
Tensile test bar uses metal mold coupon, and the results are shown in Table 1：
The performance of the rotten front and rear A356 alloys of table 1
| Alloy state | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation percentage/% |
| Rotten aluminium alloy prepared by embodiment 9 | 317 | 239 | 9.7 |
| The aluminium alloy that do not go bad of comparative example 1 | 286 | 225 | 5.7 |
| The addition Sb of comparative example 2 goes bad aluminium alloy | 295 | 227 | 6.5 |
| The addition Te of comparative example 3 goes bad aluminium alloy | 308 | 231 | 7.9 |
Tensile strength improves 10.8% before and after A356 alloys composite inoculating as can be seen from Table 1, and yield strength improves
6.2%, elongation percentage improves 70.2%.
Since Te, Sb are long-acting alterants, after studying composite inoculating, it is total to the increase of soaking time
The change of crystal silicon pattern.
Fig. 5 is to add after Te, Sb composite inoculating the metallographic structure photo for keeping the temperature 2 hours, 3 hours.From Fig. 5（a）In
It can be seen that two hour Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys of insulation remain as tiny threadiness, illustrate that Te, Sb composite inoculating are keeping the temperature 2 hours still
Right effective, Fig. 5（b）It is the metallographic structure photo that composite inoculating keeps the temperature 3 hours, as can be seen from the figure Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys occurs
Grow up, thick acicular eutectic silicon locally occur, but also certain modification effect.Modification effect is in the timing of insulation one
Between after to weaken be due to that the density of the aluminium at 740 DEG C is about 2.3g/cm3, and the density of Sb is about 6.4g/cm3, and Te exists
Density at a temperature of this with liquid Al also differs larger, causes with extension Te, Sb sedimentation of soaking time for rotten conjunction
Gold is reduced, and then causes modification effect to weaken.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite modifier, it is characterized in that：The composite modifier includes the weight ratio of Al and Te, Sb, wherein Te and Sb
For 1:1-2.
2. composite modifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the composite modifier closes for Al-Te-Sb ternarys
Gold.
3. composite modifier according to claim 2, it is characterised in that Al-Te-Sb ternary alloy three-partalloys are prepared, according to weight
Percentage is Te：1-5%, Sb component is according to percentage by weight：1-10%, surplus Al.
4. according to the method for any composite modifier refining aluminium alloys of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that：In refining,
Composite modifier is added into aluminium alloy smelting liquid, Te contents are 0.05- in the aluminium alloy smelting liquid of composite modifier after addition
0.2wt%。
5. the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
By after the base starting material fusing for preparing aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy smelting liquid is made, keeps melting liquid temperature degree, and add in melting liquid
Enter the composite modifier, and stir evenly.
6. the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy is
Al-Si aluminium alloys.
7. the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy is
Al-Si-Mg aluminium alloys.
8. the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature kept is
680-750℃。
9. the method for composite modifier refining aluminium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that stirring evenly it
Afterwards, the step of being passed through argon gas rotary impreller degassing 10-15min is further included；5-10min is stood after rotary impreller degassing, aluminium is closed
Golden liquid, which is toppled over, comes out of the stove, into subsequent processing.
10. the aluminium alloy prepared according to the method for any composite modifier refining aluminium alloys of claim 4-9.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113106302A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-13 | 四川大学 | Al-Re-Te ternary intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113122739A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏锐美汽车零部件有限公司 | Process method for improving mechanical property of A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN114032426A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 | Secondary modification method for ZL114A alloy and obtained product thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113122739A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏锐美汽车零部件有限公司 | Process method for improving mechanical property of A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN113106302A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-13 | 四川大学 | Al-Re-Te ternary intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113106302B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2023-03-07 | 四川大学 | Al-RE-Te ternary intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114032426A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 | Secondary modification method for ZL114A alloy and obtained product thereof |
| CN114032426B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-07-29 | 山西江淮重工有限责任公司 | Secondary modification method for ZL114A alloy and obtained product thereof |
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