CN108004272B - Method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora and lycopene product - Google Patents

Method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora and lycopene product Download PDF

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CN108004272B
CN108004272B CN201711471926.9A CN201711471926A CN108004272B CN 108004272 B CN108004272 B CN 108004272B CN 201711471926 A CN201711471926 A CN 201711471926A CN 108004272 B CN108004272 B CN 108004272B
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李翔宇
陆姝欢
付杰
余超
汪志明
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Cabio Biotech Wuhan Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora and a lycopene product, and relates to the technical field of biological fermentation. The invention provides a method for preparing lycopene, which comprises the following steps: during the fermentation culture process, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquid inoculated with the Blakeslea trispora. The method takes the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate which does not contain strong irritant substances such as nicotine, imidazole and the like as a blocking agent of the cyclase, and utilizes the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic alkaloid substances contained in the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate to block the cyclase, thereby reducing the residue of the irritant substances in the product, promoting the cyclase to generate and effectively improving the yield and the quality of the lycopene product.

Description

Method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora and lycopene product
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora and a lycopene product.
Background
The Blakeslea trispora is mainly applied to beta carotene at present, and organic theory research shows that the product is mainly beta carotene because the synthesis of cyclase in the fermentation process of Blakeslea trispora blocks the production of lycopene, and many research reports adopt substances with strong irritation such as nicotine and imidazole to block the synthesis of cyclase in the fermentation process, so that the synthesis of lycopene is effectively promoted, but after the substances with strong irritation such as nicotine and imidazole are utilized by thalli, the residual quantity of the product cannot be effectively controlled, and the quality of a lycopene product is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing lycopene by utilizing Blakeslea trispora, which takes coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate which does not contain strong irritant substances such as nicotine, imidazole and the like as a blocking agent of cyclase, reduces the residue of the irritant substances in the product and improves the quality of the lycopene product.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a lycopene preparation prepared by the above method.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method of making lycopene comprising: during the fermentation culture process, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquid inoculated with the Blakeslea trispora.
A lycopene product is prepared by the above method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for preparing the lycopene uses the Blakeslea trispora to prepare the lycopene, uses the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate which does not contain strong irritant substances such as nicotine, imidazole and the like as a blocking agent of the cyclase, and uses nitrogen-containing heterocyclic alkaloid substances contained in the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate to block the generation of the cyclase, thereby reducing the residue of the irritant substances in the product, promoting the generation of the cyclase and effectively improving the yield and the quality of the lycopene product.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following provides a detailed description of the method for preparing lycopene using blakeslea trispora and the lycopene preparation according to the embodiments of the present invention.
In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing lycopene, comprising: during the fermentation culture process, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquid inoculated with the Blakeslea trispora.
The inventor of the invention discovers for the first time in research that the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and pulp obtained by shearing, acidolysis and enzymolysis of the coffee bean peel and pulp contains alkaloid substances, on one hand, the hydrolysate can be used as a blocking agent for blocking production of cyclase in the production of lycopene by fermentation of Blakeslea trispora, so that addition of strong irritant substances such as nicotine and imidazole is avoided, product quality is improved, and on the other hand, the hydrolysate can effectively promote a mevalonic acid metabolic pathway, is beneficial to synthesis of lycopene, and the yield of lycopene is improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the coffee bean pericarp meat hydrolysate is added to the fermentation broth during the 15 th to 25 th hours of fermentation.
The addition of the hydrolysis liquid of the coffee bean peel and the pulp can improve the yield of the lycopene at a proper fermentation time stage. During the fermentation period of 15-25h, the hydrolysis liquid of coffee bean peel and pulp is added into the fermentation liquid, so that the synthesis of lycopene can be promoted, and the yield of lycopene can be increased.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the added amount of the coffee bean pericarp meat hydrolysate is 4-8% by volume of the fermentation broth.
It is noted that the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquid in a one-time adding manner during the 15 th to 25 th hours of fermentation.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, during the period from 30h to the end of fermentation, at 0.8-1.5 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
During the period from 30h to the end of fermentation, 0.8-1.5 g.L-1·h-1The hydrolysis liquid of the coffee bean peel and the pulp is added into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate, so that the metabolic pathway of mevalonic acid can be further promoted, and the yield of lycopene is increased.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the coffee bean pericarp meat hydrolysate is prepared by the following method:
the hydrolysis liquid of the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp is obtained after the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp are subjected to shearing treatment, acidolysis treatment and enzymolysis treatment.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the shear rate of the shear treatment is 4000-.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the acid hydrolysis treatment is: adding acid such as hydrochloric acid into sheared coffee bean pericarp and pulp at a mass percent of 1-5%), adding water with the same amount as the acid, mixing, and performing acidolysis at room temperature for 4-8 h.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the enzymatic treatment is: adding enzyme into the coffee bean peel and meat after acidolysis treatment according to the mass percent of 1-5%, and performing enzymolysis for 4-8h at the temperature of 55-65 ℃;
enzymes include alkaline proteases and cellulases.
Wherein the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 150 ten thousand U/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 100 ten thousand U/g.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the alkaline protease to the cellulase in the enzyme is: (3-4):(6-7).
In another aspect, the present invention provides a lycopene preparation, which is prepared by any one of the above-mentioned methods for preparing lycopene.
The lycopene product provided by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristics of high lycopene content, less impurities, high quality and the like.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The method for preparing lycopene provided in this example comprises the following steps:
1 preparing coffee bean peel and pulp hydrolysate
1.1 shearing treatment: taking 1000g of coffee bean peel and pulp, placing in a high-speed shearing machine, and shearing at 8000r/min for 10 min; the crushed coffee bean peel and meat is obtained.
1.2 acid hydrolysis treatment: adding 10mol/L hydrochloric acid into the crushed coffee bean peel and meat according to the mass percent of 2%, adding water with the same amount as the acid, uniformly mixing, placing at room temperature, and carrying out acidolysis for 4 hours; and obtaining the coffee bean pericarp meat acidolysis solution.
1.3 enzymolysis treatment: adding 2% of enzyme (2% of enzyme: crushed coffee bean peel and pulp) into the acidified liquid of coffee bean peel and pulp, and performing enzymolysis at 60 deg.C for 4 hr; the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp is obtained.
Wherein the enzyme consists of alkaline protease and cellulase, and the weight ratio of the alkaline protease to the cellulase is 3: 7.
2 fermentation culture
2.1 slant culture
Respectively coating spore suspensions of positive bacteria and negative bacteria of Blakeslea trispora on a PDA slant culture medium, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator at 25 deg.C for 5-7 days;
wherein the positive fungus of the Blakeslea trispora is Blakeslea trispora BT7251(+), and the preservation number is CCTCC M2014378; the Blakeslea trispora negative bacterium is Blakeslea trispora BT7603(-), and the preservation number is CCTCC M2014379.
2.2 seed culture
Respectively taking a shovel of positive bacteria and a shovel of negative bacteria from PDA slant culture media of positive strains and negative strains of Blakeslea trispora by using an inoculating shovel, respectively inoculating the positive bacteria and the negative bacteria into 1000ml triangular flasks containing 150ml of seed culture media, and culturing for 48h at 25 ℃ under the condition of 180 r/min to obtain Blakeslea trispora positive strain seed liquid and Blakeslea trispora negative strain seed liquid.
2.3 fermentation culture
Uniformly mixing the positive strain seed liquid and the negative strain seed liquid of the Blakeslea trispora obtained in the step 2.2 according to the mass ratio of the positive strain to the negative strain of 1:5, inoculating the mixture into a 50L fermentation tank by an inoculation amount of 10% (volume ratio), and controlling the fermentation culture process as follows: the culture temperature is 25 ℃, the stirring speed is 300 r/min, the ventilation volume is 3vvm (L/L.min), the tank pressure is 0.1MPa, the culture time is 120h, and the glucose concentration in the fermentation liquor is controlled to be 10-20g/L by feeding glucose in the fermentation process.
Wherein, in the 20 th fermentation period, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 5 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30-120h, 1 g.L-1·h-1Flow rate of to fermentationAdding the hydrolysate of coffee bean peel and pulp into the solution.
3 detection
After the fermentation was completed, 0.02g of dry biomass was accurately weighed, extracted with tetrahydrofuran, and the yield of lycopene was measured by high performance liquid chromatography, the results of which are shown in Table 2.
The high performance liquid chromatography detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) chromatographic conditions are as follows:
a chromatographic column: suplex PKB-100 (Supelco); 250X 4.6mm, 5 μm;
wavelength: 472 nm;
flow rate: 0.5 ml/min;
sample introduction volume: 10 mu L of the solution;
column temperature: 30 ℃;
(2) mobile phase preparation and conditions:
phase A: methanol
Phase B: 50mg of BHT was weighed into a 1L volumetric flask and dissolved in 20ml of isopropanol. 0.2ml of N, N-diisopropylethylamine, 25ml of a 0.2% ammonium acetate solution, 455ml of acetonitrile, 450ml of methanol were added and the solution was brought to room temperature and diluted to the mark with methanol.
Mobile phase gradiometer
Figure BDA0001529856980000041
4, extracting lycopene in the thalli by using a conventional process, such as a solvent, and further performing desolventizing, purifying and crystallizing to obtain the high-purity lycopene product.
In other embodiments, steps 3-4 are optional, and the manufacturer can choose to perform the steps according to actual situations.
Example 2
The method for preparing lycopene provided in this example comprises the following steps:
1 preparing coffee bean peel and pulp hydrolysate
1.1 shearing treatment: taking 800g of coffee bean peel meat, placing in a high-speed shearing machine, and shearing at the speed of 4000r/min for 10 min; the crushed coffee bean peel and meat is obtained.
1.2 acid hydrolysis treatment: adding 10mol/L hydrochloric acid into the crushed coffee bean peel and meat according to the mass percent of 2%, adding water with the same amount as the acid, uniformly mixing, placing at room temperature, and carrying out acidolysis for 4 hours; and obtaining the coffee bean pericarp meat acidolysis solution.
1.3 enzymolysis treatment: adding 2% of enzyme (2% of enzyme: crushed coffee bean peel and pulp) into the acidified liquid of coffee bean peel and pulp, and performing enzymolysis at 60 deg.C for 4 hr; the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp is obtained.
Wherein the enzyme consists of alkaline protease and cellulase, and the weight ratio of the alkaline protease to the cellulase is 4: 6.
2 fermentation culture
Same as example 1
The difference is that during the fermentation process, in 24h of fermentation, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 6 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the concentration of the active carbon is 0.9 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The method for preparing lycopene provided in this example comprises the following steps:
1 preparing coffee bean peel and pulp hydrolysate
1.1 shearing treatment: taking 800g of coffee bean peel meat, placing in a high-speed shearing machine, and shearing at 6000r/min for 8 min; the crushed coffee bean peel and meat is obtained.
1.2 acid hydrolysis treatment: adding 10mol/L hydrochloric acid into the crushed coffee bean peel and meat according to the mass percent of 5%, adding water with the same amount as the acid, uniformly mixing, placing at room temperature, and carrying out acidolysis for 7 hours; and obtaining the coffee bean pericarp meat acidolysis solution.
1.3 enzymolysis treatment: adding 5% of enzyme (5% of enzyme: coffee bean pericarp and meat crushed material) into the coffee bean pericarp and meat acidolysis solution, and performing enzymolysis at 65 deg.C for 8 hr; the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp is obtained.
Wherein the enzyme consists of alkaline protease and cellulase, and the weight ratio of the alkaline protease to the cellulase is 5: 5.
2 fermentation culture
Same as example 1
The difference is that during the fermentation process, in the 15 th hour of fermentation, the coffee bean pericarp and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 8 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the concentration of the catalyst is 1.2 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 4
The method for preparing lycopene provided in this example comprises the following steps:
1 preparing coffee bean peel and pulp hydrolysate
1.1 shearing treatment: taking 100g of coffee bean peel and pulp, placing in a high-speed shearing machine, and shearing at 8000r/min for 5 min; the crushed coffee bean peel and meat is obtained.
1.2 acid hydrolysis treatment: adding 10mol/L hydrochloric acid into the crushed coffee bean peel and meat according to the mass percent of 1%, adding water with the same amount as the acid, uniformly mixing, placing at room temperature, and carrying out acidolysis for 8 hours; and obtaining the coffee bean pericarp meat acidolysis solution.
1.3 enzymolysis treatment: adding 3% of enzyme (3% of enzyme: coffee bean pericarp and meat crushed material) into the coffee bean pericarp and meat acidolysis solution, and performing enzymolysis at 65 deg.C for 8 hr; the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the coffee bean pulp is obtained.
Wherein the enzyme consists of alkaline protease and cellulase, and the weight ratio of the alkaline protease to the cellulase is 3.5: 6.5.
2 fermentation culture
Same as example 1
The difference is that during the fermentation process, in the 18 th hour of fermentation, the coffee bean pericarp and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 5 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the concentration of the catalyst is 1.2 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 5
The method for preparing lycopene provided in this example comprises the following steps:
1 preparing coffee bean peel and pulp hydrolysate
The same as in example 1.
2 fermentation culture
In the same manner as in the example 1,
different from the embodiment, in the fermentation process, in the 25 th hour of fermentation, the coffee bean pericarp and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 7 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the concentration of the active carbon is 1.5 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
The process for the preparation of lycopene of this comparative example comprises the following steps:
the fermentation culture was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
wherein, in the 20 th hour of fermentation, nicotine is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the addition amount is 0.15 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor.
The subsequent detection procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The process for the preparation of lycopene of this comparative example comprises the following steps:
the fermentation culture was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
wherein, in the 25 th hour of fermentation, imidazole is added into the fermentation liquor at one time, and the adding amount is 0.2 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor.
The subsequent detection procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The method for preparing the lycopene in the comparative example is basically the same as that in the example 1, except that in the fermentation culture process, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time in the 30 th hour of fermentation, and the adding amount is 10 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the dosage is 2 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
The method for preparing the lycopene in the comparative example is basically the same as that in the example 1, except that in the fermentation culture process, the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is added into the fermentation liquor at one time in 10h of fermentation, and the adding amount is 2 percent of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
during the period of 30 to 120 hours, the concentration of the active carbon is 0.4 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Table 1 lycopene content in lycopene biologicals of examples 1-5
Figure BDA0001529856980000061
In the table: the lycopene content of the dry microbial cell means the lycopene content (g) per 100g of the dry microbial cell.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the lycopene contents obtained by the methods for preparing lycopene provided in examples 1-5 are significantly higher than those obtained by comparative examples 1-3, and the products obtained by the methods for preparing lycopene provided in examples 1-5 are substantially free of nicotine and imidazole, thereby greatly improving the quality of the lycopene products.
In conclusion, after strongly irritant substances such as nicotine and imidazole serving as cyclase blockers are utilized by bacteria, the residual quantity in the product cannot be effectively controlled, and the quality of lycopene products is seriously influenced.
In a word, the method for preparing the lycopene, which is provided by the invention, adopts the hydrolysis liquid of the coffee bean peel and the pulp as the raw material to prepare the lycopene has the characteristics of low cost, safe and high-quality raw material source, resource conservation by recycling of byproducts, high yield and high quality of the lycopene and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A process for the preparation of lycopene, characterized in that it comprises: in the fermentation culture process, adding the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate into the fermentation liquor inoculated with the Blakeslea trispora;
during the period from 30h to the end of fermentation, 0.8-1.5 g.L-1·h-1Adding the hydrolysate of the coffee bean peel and the pulp into the fermentation liquor at the flow rate; the adding amount of the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is 4-8% of the volume of the fermentation liquor;
the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate is prepared by the following method:
and carrying out shearing treatment, acidolysis treatment and enzymolysis treatment on the coffee bean peel and meat to obtain the coffee bean peel and meat hydrolysate.
2. The method for producing lycopene according to claim 1, wherein said shearing treatment has a shearing speed of 4000-.
3. The method for producing lycopene according to claim 1, wherein said acid hydrolysis treatment is: adding acid into the sheared coffee bean peel and pulp according to the mass percent of 1-5%, adding water with the same amount as the acid, uniformly mixing, and carrying out acidolysis at room temperature for 4-8 h.
4. A process for the preparation of lycopene according to claim 1, characterized in that said enzymatic treatment is: adding enzyme into the coffee bean peel and meat after acidolysis treatment according to the mass percent of 1-5%, and performing enzymolysis for 4-8h at the temperature of 55-65 ℃;
the enzymes include alkaline protease and cellulase.
5. A process for the preparation of lycopene according to claim 4, characterized in that in said enzyme, the mass ratio of alkaline protease and cellulase is: (3-4):(6-7).
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