CN107994651A - Battery equalizing circuit and method - Google Patents
Battery equalizing circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107994651A CN107994651A CN201711450106.1A CN201711450106A CN107994651A CN 107994651 A CN107994651 A CN 107994651A CN 201711450106 A CN201711450106 A CN 201711450106A CN 107994651 A CN107994651 A CN 107994651A
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- battery
- monomer
- cell
- voltage
- balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of battery equalizing circuit and method, and battery equalizing circuit includes battery pack and the balance controller being connected with battery pack；Battery pack includes four battery cells being sequentially connected in series, first capacitance, and five parallel connections, the controlling switch for controlling each battery cell and the first capacitance connection state, wherein, the cathode and anode of each battery cell connect the first end of a controlling switch respectively；The second end of each controlling switch and the first capacitance connection；Each controlling switch, battery cell and first capacitance are connected with balance controller respectively.The balancing control circuit and method can be to realizing that it is battery balanced that multiple battery cells carry out, while carry out between battery pack battery balanced, not only shorten time for balance and also ensure equalization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell balancing field, more particularly to a kind of battery equalizing circuit and method.
Background technology
Usual multiple battery cells are to form power battery pack to power for electric automobile in a series arrangement, though ignore by
Inconsistency between battery cell caused by manufacturing reason, it is inconsistent during the work time because of temperature, internal resistance and the influence of aging
Property also will be increasingly severe, causes the voltage of battery pack unbalanced.Cause to cause to overcharge during discharge and recharge and mistake
Phenomenon is put, the service life cycle of battery pack is most influenced at last, causes battery pack to fail ahead of time.To extend following for power battery pack
Ring service life, a kind of effective measures are to carry out Balance route to battery pack.
Tradition carries out balanced method to battery pack includes energy expenditure type and energy transfer.Since energy expenditure type is led
Cause battery-heating serious, influence the reliability of equalizing circuit, and energy dissipation is not suitable for large-power occasions seriously, so
Energy transfer can be generally selected, but existing use energy transfer carries out equilibrium to battery can not realize while to multiple electricity
Pond monomer carries out equilibrium, causes battery balanced overlong time.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to which providing one kind at the same time can carry out multiple battery cells battery balanced, shortening time for balance
Battery equalizing circuit and method.
A kind of battery equalizing circuit, including：Battery pack and the balance controller being connected with the battery pack；
The battery pack includes：Four battery cells being sequentially connected in series, the first capacitance, and five parallel connections, for controlling
The controlling switch of each battery cell and the first capacitance connection state, wherein, the cathode and anode difference of each battery cell
Connect the first end of a controlling switch；The second end of each controlling switch and first capacitance connection；
Each controlling switch, the battery cell and first capacitance are connected with the balance controller respectively.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, four battery cells include：First battery cell, the second battery cell,
Three battery cells and the 4th battery cell；The controlling switch is opened including the first controlling switch, the second controlling switch, the 3rd control
Pass, the 4th controlling switch and the 5th controlling switch；First controlling switch and the 5th controlling switch are single-pole single-throw switch (SPST), institute
It is single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) to state the second controlling switch, the 3rd controlling switch and the 4th controlling switch；
The first end of first controlling switch is connected with the cathode of first battery cell, second end and described first
Capacitance connection；The non-moving end of second controlling switch and anode, the cathode of the second battery cell of first battery cell
Connection, the moved end of second controlling switch and first capacitance connection；The non-moving end of 3rd controlling switch with it is described
The cathode connection of the anode of second battery cell, the 3rd battery cell, the moved end of the 3rd controlling switch and the described first electricity
Hold connection；The non-moving end of 4th controlling switch and the cathode of the anode of the 3rd battery cell, the 4th battery cell connect
Connect, moved end and first capacitance connection of the 4th controlling switch；The 4th described in the first end of 5th controlling switch
The anode connection of battery cell, second end and first capacitance connection.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the circuit further includes：N number of battery pack being sequentially connected in series, electric pressure converter, second
Capacitance, two parallel connections, the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) for controlling each battery pack and electric pressure converter connection status, and N+1 simultaneously
Connection, the single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) for controlling each battery pack and the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) connection status；
The cathode and anode of each battery pack connect the first end of a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) respectively；Each single-pole single-throw(SPST
The second end of switch is connected with the moved end of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)；The non-moving end of each single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and the voltage conversion
The first end connection of device；The second end of electric pressure converter and second capacitance connection；
The present invention also provides a kind of battery equalization method, is implemented in equal as any one of above-mentioned battery equalizing circuit
Weigh controller, including：
Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery cell；
Judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer whether
More than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；
When the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than battery pack
During the overall average voltage of interior each battery cell；It is balancing battery monomer to determine adjacent cell monomer, and other battery cells are by equal
Weigh battery cell；
The controlling switch of the balancing battery monomer is controlled to close, so that the balancing battery monomer and first capacitance
Connection, charges for first capacitance；
When the balancing battery monomer voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of the balancing battery monomer is controlled to break
Open；
The control controlling switch by balancing battery monomer closes, so that described by balancing battery monomer and described first
Capacitance connection, first capacitance are charged to described by balancing battery monomer；
When it is described met condition by balancing battery monomer voltage when, control is described to be opened by the corresponding control of balancing battery monomer
Shut-off is opened.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the method further includes：
Calculate the average voltage absolute value of each battery cell；
Calculate the poor absolute value of the battery cell voltage and average voltage；
When the voltage of the battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are more than or equal to threshold value, the battery is determined
Monomer is by balancing battery monomer；
Whether the voltage difference for judging adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer
The step of whether being more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, including：Judge be in the monomer by balancing battery
It is no that there are adjacent cell monomer；
If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer is averaged
Whether voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the method further includes：
Calculate the average voltage absolute value of each battery cell；
Calculate the poor absolute value of the battery cell voltage and average voltage；
When the voltage of the battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are more than or equal to threshold value, the battery is determined
Monomer is to help balancing battery monomer；
Whether the voltage difference for judging adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer
The step of whether being more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, including：Being helped described in judgement in balancing battery monomer is
It is no that there are adjacent cell monomer；
If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer is averaged
Whether voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
It is described to judge in the monomer by balancing battery with the presence or absence of adjacent cell monomer in wherein a kind of embodiment
Step further includes：
Judge the quantity by balancing battery monomer for three batteries monomers or two batteries monomers；
When the quantity by balancing battery monomer is three batteries monomers, judge in the three batteries monomer whether
There are two adjacent sections battery cell；
If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of the two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and two adjacent sections electricity
Whether the average voltage of pond monomer is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；
If the voltage difference of two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and the average voltage of two adjacent sections battery cell is big
When the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；It is balancing battery monomer to determine the two adjacent sections battery cell, separately
One batteries monomer is by balancing battery monomer；
If being not present, determine in the three batteries monomer that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer, voltage
Minimum battery cell is by balancing battery monomer；
When the quantity by balancing battery is two batteries monomers, judge whether the two batteries monomer is adjacent
Battery cell；
If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer is averaged
Whether voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；
If the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than battery pack
During the overall average voltage of interior each battery cell；It is balancing battery monomer to determine the two batteries monomer, other battery cells are
By balancing battery monomer；
If it is not, determining that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in the two batteries monomer, voltage is minimum
Battery cell be by balancing battery monomer.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, when the quantity by balancing battery monomer is four batteries monomers, institute is determined
It is balancing battery monomer to state the highest battery cell of voltage in four batteries amount of monomer, and the minimum battery cell of voltage is by equal
Weigh battery cell.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, helped described in the judgement in balancing battery monomer with the presence or absence of adjacent cell monomer
Step further includes：
Whether the quantity that balancing battery monomer is helped described in judgement is three batteries monomers；
If described when helping the quantity of balancing battery monomer to be three batteries monomers, judge the three batteries monomer whether be
The battery cell of continuous adjacent；
If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of the three sections continuous adjacent battery cell meets preset condition, and three sections connect
Whether the average voltage of continuous adjacent cell monomer is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；
If the voltage difference of three section continuous adjacent battery cells meets preset condition, and three section continuous adjacent battery cells is flat
When equal voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；It is balancing battery list to determine the three batteries monomer
Body, other battery cells are by balancing battery monomer.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, further include：
Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery pack；
It is balancing battery group to determine the highest battery pack of the voltage, and the minimum battery pack of voltage is by balancing battery group；
The controlling switch of the balancing battery group is controlled to close, so that the balancing battery group connects with second capacitance
Connect, charge for second capacitance；
When the balancing battery group voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of the balancing battery group is controlled to disconnect；
The control controlling switch by balancing battery group closes, so that described by balancing battery monomer and the described second electricity
Hold connection, second capacitance is charged to described by balancing battery group；
When it is described met condition by balancing battery group voltage when, control described in broken by the corresponding controlling switch of balancing battery group
Open.
Above-mentioned battery equalizing circuit and method, battery equalizing circuit gather battery cell and battery pack by balance controller
Voltage, the disconnection of the controlling switch in control circuit and closure realize battery equalization method.By calculate battery cell and
The voltage of battery pack and the poor absolute value of average voltage determine to need to carry out battery balanced battery cell, reduce battery balanced
Scope, saves time for balance；Whether met the requirements by the voltage difference and average voltage that judge adjacent cell, determine balanced electricity
Pond is battery balanced from by the different optimization equalization methods of balancing battery selection, realizing while being carried out in multiple battery cells,
Time for balance is not only shortened, also improves equalization efficiency, while battery pack balancing can also be carried out to battery pack, is accelerated
Battery balanced speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the equalizing circuit figure of battery cell in one embodiment；
Fig. 2 is battery equalizing circuit figure in one embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the step flow chart of the equalization methods of battery cell in one embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the step flow chart of another embodiment of the equalization methods of battery cell；
Fig. 5 is the step flow chart of another embodiment of the equalization methods of battery cell；
Fig. 6 is the step flow chart of the equalization methods of battery pack in one embodiment.
Embodiment
For the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this
Invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only to explain the present invention,
Do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the battery equalizing circuit figure of battery cell in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, battery pack is battery balanced
Circuit includes battery pack 10 and the balance controller 30 being connected with battery pack 10.
Battery pack 10 includes four battery cells being sequentially connected in series, the first capacitance C1, and it is five parallel connections, each for controlling
The controlling switch of battery cell and the first capacitance connection state, wherein, the cathode and anode of each battery cell connect respectively
Connect the first end of a controlling switch；The second end of each controlling switch and first capacitance connection；
Specifically, four battery cells include the first battery cell BM1-C1, the second battery cell BM1-C2, the 3rd battery list
Body BM1-C3With the 4th battery cell BM1-C4.Controlling switch includes the first controlling switch S11, the second controlling switch K11, the 3rd control
Switch K12, the 4th controlling switch K13With the 5th controlling switch S12.First controlling switch S11With the 5th controlling switch S12For hilted broadsword
Single-throw switch, the second controlling switch K11, the 3rd controlling switch K12With the 4th controlling switch K13For single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).
First controlling switch S11First end and the first battery cell BM1-C1Cathode connection, second end and the first capacitance C1
Connection.Second controlling switch K11Non-moving end and the first battery cell BM1-C1Anode, the second battery cell BM1-C2Cathode connect
Connect, the second controlling switch K11Moved end and the first capacitance C1Connection.3rd controlling switch K12Non-moving end and the second battery cell
BM1-C2Anode, the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3Cathode connection, the 3rd controlling switch K12Moved end and the first capacitance C1Connection.
4th controlling switch K13Non-moving end and the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3Anode, the 4th battery cell BM1-C4Cathode connection, the
Four controlling switch K13Moved end and the first capacitance C1Connection.5th controlling switch S12First end and the 4th battery cell BM1-C4
Anode connection, second end and the first capacitance C1Connection.Second controlling switch K11Moved end include a+And a-End, the 3rd control are opened
Close K12Moved end include b+End and b-End, the 4th controlling switch K13Moved end include c+End and c-End.
First capacitance C1For low value capacitor, for storing and discharging the middle device of battery cell energy.Equilibrium control
Device 30 processed is used to gather the first battery cell B in battery pack 10M1-C1, the second battery cell BM1-C2, the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3With
4th battery cell BM1-C4The data such as voltage, electric current and temperature handled, formulated according to the situation of data in battery cell
Battery cell balance policy, while control the first controlling switch S11, the second controlling switch K11, the 3rd controlling switch K12, the 4th control
System switch K13With the 5th controlling switch S12Closed and disconnected.
Fig. 2 is battery equalizing circuit figure in one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, battery equalizing circuit includes N number of be sequentially connected in series
Battery pack 10, electric pressure converter 20, the second capacitance C2, two parallel connections, for controlling each battery pack to be connected with electric pressure converter
The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K of state1And K2, and N+1 it is in parallel, for controlling each battery pack and single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K1And K2Even
Meet the single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) S of state1、S2、S3……SN+1。
Specifically, electric pressure converter 20 is used for realization energy two-way transfer between battery pack 10, the second capacitance C2For great Rong
Measure capacitor, the middle device of the energy for storing and discharging battery pack 10.
Above-mentioned battery equalizing circuit, is controlled by capacitance, electric pressure converter, controlling switch and battery by balance controller
The battery equalizing circuit of composition, the electrical parameter for judging battery by balance controller realize that different batteries are equal according to situation control circuit
The method of weighing apparatus, realizes while is carried out in multiple battery cells battery balanced, not only shorten time for balance, also improves
Weigh efficiency, while battery pack balancing can also be carried out to battery pack, accelerates battery balanced speed.
Fig. 3 is the step flow chart of the equalization methods of battery cell in one embodiment, as shown in figure 3, including step
S302 to step S314.
S302：Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery cell；
Specifically, battery cell is a single battery, is gathered by balance controller 30 and calculates battery cell
Voltage can learn the whether balanced situation of battery cell voltage.
S304：Judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average electricity of adjacent cell monomer
Whether pressure is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
Specifically, adjacent cell monomer is adjacent battery cell, and the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer is high-voltage battery
Monomer subtracts the difference of low-voltage battery, can be reacted between the adjacent battery cell by the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer
Relation, the smaller adjacent battery cell voltage of voltage difference more balances, voltage difference show more greatly adjacent battery cell it
Between voltage it is more uneven；Compare the overall average voltage response of each battery cell in the average voltage and battery pack of adjacent cell monomer
Whether the voltage of the adjacent cell monomer belongs to high-tension battery cell in battery pack.
S306：When the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than
In battery pack during the overall average voltage of each battery cell；Determine that adjacent cell monomer is balancing battery monomer, other battery cells
For by balancing battery monomer
Specifically, balancing battery monomer is high-tension battery cell, it is necessary to reduce the magnitude of voltage to obtain the electricity of equilibrium
Pond monomer, is to need to improve the magnitude of voltage to obtain the battery list of equilibrium by the battery cell that balancing battery monomer is low-voltage
Body.When the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, i.e., the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer is less than 10, and adjacent
When the average voltage of battery cell is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, it may be determined that the battery cell is electricity
Pressure is uneven and is high voltage, is balancing battery monomer, other battery cells are then by balancing battery monomer.
S308：The controlling switch closure of balancing battery monomer is controlled, so that balancing battery monomer and the first capacitance connection, are
First capacitance charges.
Specifically, the switch of the controlling switch connection status between battery cell and capacitance in order to control, the first capacitance are used for
Storage and the middle device of release battery cell energy, the first capacitance carry out battery balanced middle dress between battery cell
Put.Control the corresponding switch closure of balancing battery monomer so that be connected between balancing battery monomer and the first capacitance, formation is closed
Path is closed, balancing battery monomer can be that the first capacitance charges after forming close access.
The battery equalizing circuit figure of battery cell as shown in Figure 1, if balancing battery monomer is the first battery cell BM1-C1
With the second battery cell BM1-C2, the first battery cell BM1-C1With the second battery cell BM1-C2Corresponding switch is opened for the first control
Close S11With the 3rd controlling switch K12, close the first controlling switch S11, the second controlling switch K12Moved end closure be placed in b- ends, i.e.,
First battery cell BM1-C1, the second battery cell BM1-C2With the first capacitance C1Form close access, the first battery cell BM1-C1
With the second battery cell BM1-C2For the first capacitance C1Charge.
S310：When balancing battery monomer voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of control balancing battery monomer is broken
Open., the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3With the 4th battery cell BM1-C4
Specifically, after balancing battery monomer starts to charge for the first capacitance, the voltage of balancing battery monomer meets condition
When, it is exactly that the absolute value of the difference of the overall average voltage of each battery cell in the voltage and battery pack of balancing battery monomer is less than
10, then show that the voltage of the balancing battery monomer is at equilibrium, you can disconnect the corresponding control of balancing battery monomer
Switch, terminates balancing battery monomer and charges to the first capacitance.
As the first battery cell BM1-C1With the second battery cell BM1-C2Voltage and the first battery cell BM1-C1, second electricity
Pond monomer BM1-C2, the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3With the 4th battery cell BM1-C4Average voltage difference absolute value be less than 10,
Then show that the first battery cell B can be terminatedM1-C1With the second battery cell BM1-C2To the first capacitance C1The state of charging, disconnects the
One controlling switch S11With the 3rd controlling switch K12。
S312：Control is closed by the controlling switch of balancing battery monomer, so as to be connected by balancing battery monomer and the first capacitance
Connect, the first capacitance by balancing battery monomer to being charged.
Specifically, by balancing battery monomer it is the battery cell that needs capacitance to charge it.Control is by balancing battery
The corresponding controlling switch closure of monomer, so that being formed close access by balancing battery monomer and the first capacitance, it is logical to form closure
The first capacitance can be to be charged by balancing battery monomer behind road.
The battery equalizing circuit figure of battery cell as shown in Figure 1, if being the 3rd battery cell by balancing battery monomer
BM1-C3, the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3Corresponding switch is the 3rd controlling switch K12With the 4th controlling switch K13, the 3rd controlling switch
K12Moved end closure be placed in b+End, the 4th controlling switch K13Moved end closure be placed in C-End, i.e. the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3With
One capacitance C1Form close access, the first capacitance C1For the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3Charge.
S314：When being met condition by balancing battery monomer voltage, control by the corresponding controlling switch of balancing battery monomer
Disconnect.
Specifically, after the first capacitance is to be started to charge up by balancing battery monomer, met by the voltage of balancing battery monomer
Equally it is the exhausted of the difference of the overall average voltage of each battery cell in voltage and battery pack by balancing battery monomer during condition
10 are less than to value, then shows that this is in equilibrium state by the voltage of balancing battery monomer, you can is disconnected by balancing battery list
The corresponding controlling switch of body, terminates the first capacitance to the state that is charged by balancing battery monomer.
As the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3Voltage and the first battery cell BM1-C1, the second battery cell BM1-C2, the 3rd battery
Monomer BM1-C3With the 4th battery cell BM1-C4Average voltage difference absolute value be less than 10, then show that first can be terminated
Capacitance C1To the 3rd battery cell BM1-C3The state to charge, disconnects the 3rd controlling switch K12B+End and the 4th controlling switch
K13C-End, complete charge.
Fig. 4 is the step flow chart of another embodiment of the equalization methods of battery cell, as shown in figure 4, including step
S402 to step S410.
S402：Calculate the average voltage of each battery cell.
Specifically, the average voltage of each battery cell is the average voltage of the battery cell voltage of four series connection in battery pack
Value.
S404：Calculate the poor absolute value of each battery cell voltage and average voltage.
Specifically, the poor absolute value of each battery cell voltage and the average voltage of four battery cells in battery pack is
The gap of the battery cell voltage and battery voltage, can determine whether the battery cell needs to carry out battery by the gap
It is balanced.
S406：When the voltage of battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are more than or equal to threshold value, battery list is determined
Body is by balancing battery monomer.
Specifically, it is itself to need to carry out balanced battery cell by balancing battery monomer.Namely when battery cell
When the poor absolute value of voltage and average voltage is more than or equal to 10, you can it is to need to carry out balanced battery to determine the battery cell
Monomer, is by balancing battery monomer.
S408：Judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average electricity of adjacent cell monomer
The step of whether pressure is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, including：Judge by balancing battery monomer whether
There are adjacent cell monomer.
Specifically, by judging to whether there is adjacent cell monomer by balancing battery monomer, using adjacent cell monomer as
One entirety is balanced with the progress of other battery cells, and can break tradition one-to-one can only carry out battery balanced mode, realize
Many-to-one battery equalization method.
S410：If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer
Whether average voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
Including step S1 to S9 specifically, in one embodiment,.
S1：Judge by the quantity of balancing battery monomer as three batteries monomers or two batteries monomers.
Specifically, could be from quilt when being three batteries monomers and two batteries monomers by the quantity of balancing battery monomer
Adjacent battery cell is judged whether in balancing battery monomer.
S2：When being three batteries monomers by the quantity of balancing battery monomer, judge to whether there is in three batteries monomers
Two adjacent sections battery cell.
Specifically, when being three batteries monomers by balancing battery amount of monomer, if there are two among this three batteries
Adjacent battery cell is saved, an entirety can be considered as and carry out battery balanced, saving equalization step, shortening time for balance.
S3：If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and two adjacent sections battery
Whether the average voltage of monomer is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
Specifically, the voltage difference of the battery cell of two adjacent sections is judged, that is, in the adjacent battery cell of this two section,
When the difference that the voltage of the high battery cell of voltage subtracts the voltage of the low battery cell of voltage is less than or equal to 10, show two section
Adjacent battery cell is the little battery cell of voltage phase difference, and only two section adjacent cell monomer voltages are not much different and could make
Carried out for an entirety battery balanced.And the average voltage of two section adjacent cell monomers is more than each battery cell in battery pack
During overall average voltage, then it can determine whether this two batteries monomer is being high-tension battery cell by balancing battery group.
S4：If the voltage difference of two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and the average electricity of two adjacent sections battery cell
When pressure is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；It is balancing battery monomer to determine two adjacent sections battery cell, separately
One batteries monomer is by balancing battery monomer.
Specifically, when adjacent cell monomer voltage is not much different and is high-tension battery cell, you can determine the phase
Adjacent battery cell is balancing battery monomer, and remaining another section is by balancing battery monomer in three sections.
S5：If being not present, determine that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in three batteries monomers, voltage is most
Low battery cell is by balancing battery monomer.
If specifically, adjacent battery cell is not present in balancing battery monomer, i.e., it can not judge adjacent battery list
Whether the voltage difference and average voltage of body all meet condition, then many-to-one battery equalization method are can not achieve, using traditional
One-against-one, determines voltage highest and the minimum battery cell of voltage, the highest battery of voltage in this three batteries monomer
Monomer is balancing battery monomer, and the minimum battery cell of voltage is by balancing battery monomer, the highest battery cell of voltage and electricity
Minimum battery cell is pressed to be carried out by the first capacitance battery balanced, after the completion of equilibrium, balance controller judges three batteries
Whether the absolute value of the difference of the average voltage of each battery cell is both less than 10 in the voltage and battery pack of monomer, if not satisfied,
Voltage highest and the minimum battery cell of voltage are then judged in three batteries again, carry out again it is battery balanced, until three sections
When the absolute value of the difference of the average voltage of each battery cell is both less than 10 in the voltage and battery pack of battery cell, you can terminate
It is battery balanced.
S6：When being two batteries monomers by the quantity of balancing battery, judge whether two batteries monomers are adjacent cell
Monomer.
S7：If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer is flat
Whether equal voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
Specifically, if being two batteries monomers by the quantity of balancing battery monomer, and two batteries monomers are adjacent electricity
Pond monomer.Only two kinds of situations, i.e., in four batteries monomers of series connection, the one or two section or the three or four section are by balancing battery list
Body.
S8：If the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than electricity
In the group of pond during the overall average voltage of each battery cell；Determine that the two batteries monomer is balancing battery monomer, other battery lists
Body is by balancing battery monomer.
Specifically, when the one or two section is by balancing battery monomer, the voltage difference of the one or two batteries monomer is less than 10, and
When average voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, therefore, the one or two batteries monomer is balancing battery
Monomer, the three or four batteries monomer are by balancing battery monomer, will be saved first by balancing battery monomer the three or four using one-to-one
Balanced way progress is battery balanced, then will carry out the three or four equalized batteries monomer and the progress of the one or two batteries monomer
Weighing apparatus, i.e., it is the one or two section and the three or four section is battery balanced respectively as an entirety progress.
Likewise, when the three or four section is by balancing battery monomer, the voltage difference of the three or four batteries monomer is less than 10, and
When average voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, therefore, the three or four batteries monomer is balancing battery
Monomer, the one or two batteries monomer are by balancing battery monomer, will be saved first by balancing battery monomer the one or two using one-to-one
Balanced way progress is battery balanced, then will carry out the one or two equalized batteries monomer and the progress of the three or four batteries monomer
Weighing apparatus.
S9：If it is not, determining that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in two batteries monomers, voltage is minimum
Battery cell is by balancing battery monomer.
Specifically, if there is no adjacent battery cell, i.e., from two sections determined in balancing battery monomer voltage highest and
The minimum battery cell of voltage, makees the highest battery cell of voltage as balancing battery monomer, the minimum battery cell of voltage
For by balancing battery monomer.
In another embodiment, when being four batteries monomers by the quantity of balancing battery monomer, four batteries are determined
The highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in amount of monomer, and the minimum battery cell of voltage is by balancing battery list
Body.
Fig. 5 is the step flow chart of another embodiment of the equalization methods of battery cell, as shown in figure 5, including step
S502 to step S510.
S502：Calculate the average voltage of each battery cell.
Specifically, the average voltage of each battery cell is the average voltage of the battery cell voltage of four series connection in battery pack
Value.
S504：Calculate the poor absolute value of each battery cell voltage and average voltage.
Specifically, the poor absolute value of each battery cell voltage and the average voltage of four battery cells in battery pack is
The gap of the battery cell voltage and battery voltage, the larger battery cell of gap is higher or lower for voltage, and voltage is higher
Or relatively low is all performance of the battery without equilibrium, can be determined without balanced battery cell by the difference.
S506：When the voltage of battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are less than threshold value, determine that battery cell is
Help balancing battery monomer.
Specifically, balancing battery monomer is helped as battery balanced battery cell need not be carried out for itself, but is wanted help
Other need to carry out balanced battery cell.Therefore when the voltage of battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are less than 10
When, as help balancing battery monomer.
S508：Whether the voltage difference for judging adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer is flat
The step of whether equal voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack, including：Balancing battery list is helped described in judgement
It whether there is adjacent cell monomer in body.
S510：If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and adjacent cell monomer
Whether average voltage is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
Including step S1 to S4 specifically, in one embodiment,.
S1：Whether the quantity for judging to help balancing battery monomer is three batteries monomers.
Specifically, when helping the quantity of balancing battery monomer to be three batteries monomers, i.e., a remaining batteries monomer is to need
The battery cell of equilibrium is carried out, when an only batteries monomer is to need balanced battery, only by other battery lists
Body could carry out equilibrium.Situation therefore, it is necessary to help balancing battery monomer only has a kind of this situation.
S2：If help the quantity of balancing battery monomer to be three batteries monomers, judge the three batteries monomer whether be
The battery cell of continuous adjacent.
S3：If so, then judge whether the voltage difference of three section continuous adjacent battery cells meets preset condition, and three sections are continuous
Whether the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack.
S4：If the voltage difference of three section continuous adjacent battery cells meets preset condition, and three section continuous adjacent battery cells
Average voltage be more than battery pack in each battery cell overall average voltage when；It is balancing battery list to determine three batteries monomers
Body, other battery cells are by balancing battery monomer.
Fig. 6 is the step flow chart of the equalization methods of battery pack in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, including step S602
To step S612.
S602：Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery pack.
Specifically, the voltage of battery pack is the sum of voltage of battery cell of four series connection, four series connection of collection calculating
The sum of voltage of battery cell.
S604：It is balancing battery group to determine the highest battery pack of voltage, and the minimum battery pack of voltage is by balancing battery group.
Specifically, it is determined that the highest battery pack of voltage is balancing battery group, balancing battery group is charged for the second capacitance
Battery pack；The minimum battery pack of voltage is by balancing battery group, is the battery by the second capacitance for its charging by balancing battery group
Group.
S606：The controlling switch closure of balancing battery group is controlled, so that balancing battery group and the second capacitance connection, are second
Capacitance charges.
Specifically, the corresponding controlling switch closure of balancing battery group is controlled so that balancing battery group and the second capacitance connection,
Form close access, you can charge for the second capacitance.
S608：When balancing battery group voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of control balancing battery group disconnects.
Specifically, the absolute value that the difference of the overall average voltage of all N number of batteries is subtracted when the voltage of balancing battery group is small
When 10, i.e. balancing battery group voltage meets condition, and the corresponding controlling switch of control balancing battery group disconnects, balancing battery group with
Second capacitance disconnects, and terminates balancing battery and charges for the second capacitance.
S610：Control is closed by the controlling switch of balancing battery group, so that by balancing battery monomer and the second capacitance connection,
Second capacitance by balancing battery group to being charged.
Specifically, control by balancing battery group corresponding controlling switch closure so that by balancing battery monomer and people's electricity
Hold connection, form annular access so that the second capacitance can be to be charged by balancing battery.
S612：When being met condition by balancing battery group voltage, control and disconnected by the corresponding controlling switch of balancing battery group.
Specifically, when the poor absolute value for the overall average voltage that all N number of battery packs are subtracted by the voltage of balancing battery group
Less than 10, i.e., met condition by balancing battery group voltage, terminated by balancing battery charging, control and opened by balancing battery group is corresponding
Shut-off is opened, and the second capacitance is connected with being disconnected blocking by balancing battery group, completes battery pack balancing.Battery is carried out at the same time by battery pack
Equilibrium, accelerates balancing speed, improves the efficiency of equilibrium.
Above-mentioned battery equalizing circuit and method, battery equalizing circuit gather battery cell and battery pack by balance controller
Voltage, the disconnection of the controlling switch in control circuit and closure realize battery equalization method.Battery equalization method passes through meter
Calculate battery cell and the voltage of battery pack and the poor absolute value of average voltage determine to need to carry out battery balanced battery cell,
Battery balanced scope is reduced, saves time for balance；Whether met by the voltage difference and average voltage that judge adjacent cell will
Ask, determine balancing battery from by the different optimization equalization methods of balancing battery selection, realizing while in multiple battery cells
Carry out battery balanced, not only shorten time for balance, also improve equalization efficiency, while battery can also be carried out to battery pack
Group is balanced, accelerates battery balanced speed.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that come for those of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. battery equalizing circuit, it is characterised in that including：Battery pack and the Balance route being connected with the battery pack Device；The battery pack includes：Four battery cells being sequentially connected in series, the first capacitance, and five parallel connections, for controlling each electricity The controlling switch of pond monomer and the first capacitance connection state, wherein, the cathode and anode of each battery cell connect respectively The first end of one controlling switch；The second end of each controlling switch and first capacitance connection；Each controlling switch, the battery cell and first capacitance are connected with the balance controller respectively.
- 2. battery equalizing circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that four battery cells include：First electricity Pond monomer, the second battery cell, the 3rd battery cell and the 4th battery cell；The controlling switch include the first controlling switch, Second controlling switch, the 3rd controlling switch, the 4th controlling switch and the 5th controlling switch；First controlling switch and the 5th control System switch is single-pole single-throw switch (SPST), and second controlling switch, the 3rd controlling switch and the 4th controlling switch are opened for single-pole double throw Close；The first end of first controlling switch is connected with the cathode of first battery cell, second end and first capacitance Connection；The non-moving end of second controlling switch is connected with the anode of first battery cell, the cathode of the second battery cell, The moved end of second controlling switch and first capacitance connection；The non-moving end of 3rd controlling switch and the described second electricity The cathode connection of the anode of pond monomer, the 3rd battery cell, moved end and first capacitance connection of the 3rd controlling switch； The non-moving end of 4th controlling switch is connected with the anode of the 3rd battery cell, the cathode of the 4th battery cell, described The moved end of 4th controlling switch and first capacitance connection；4th battery cell described in the first end of 5th controlling switch Anode connection, second end and first capacitance connection.
- 3. according to the battery equalizing circuit described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the circuit further includes：It is N number of to go here and there successively The battery pack of connection, electric pressure converter, the second capacitance, two parallel connections, for controlling each battery pack and electric pressure converter connection status Single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), and the N+1 in parallel, hilted broadsword for controlling each battery pack and the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) connection status Single-throw switch；The cathode and anode of each battery pack connect the first end of a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) respectively；Each single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) Second end be connected with the moved end of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)；The non-moving end of each single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and the electric pressure converter First end connects；The second end of electric pressure converter and second capacitance connection.
- 4. a kind of battery equalization method, is implemented in such as claims 1 to 3 any one of them balance controller, it is characterised in that Including：Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery cell；Judge whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and whether the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than The overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；When the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer be more than it is each in battery pack During the overall average voltage of battery cell；It is balancing battery monomer to determine adjacent cell monomer, and other battery cells are by balanced electricity Pond monomer；The controlling switch of the balancing battery monomer is controlled to close, so that the balancing battery monomer connects with first capacitance Connect, charge for first capacitance；When the balancing battery monomer voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of the balancing battery monomer is controlled to disconnect；The control controlling switch by balancing battery monomer closes, so that described by balancing battery monomer and first capacitance Connection, first capacitance are charged to described by balancing battery monomer；When it is described met condition by balancing battery monomer voltage when, control described in broken by the corresponding controlling switch of balancing battery monomer Open.
- 5. battery equalization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the method further includes：Calculate each electricity The average voltage of pond monomer；Calculate the poor absolute value of each battery cell voltage and average voltage；When the voltage of the battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are more than or equal to threshold value, the battery cell is determined For by balancing battery monomer；Whether the voltage difference for judging adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer whether More than in battery pack the step of the overall average voltage of each battery cell, including：Judge whether deposited in the monomer by balancing battery In adjacent cell monomer；If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer Whether the overall average voltage of battery pack in each battery cell is more than.
- 6. battery equalization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the method further includes：Calculate the average voltage absolute value of each battery cell；Calculate the poor absolute value of the battery cell voltage and average voltage；When the voltage of the battery cell and the poor absolute value of average voltage are more than or equal to threshold value, the battery cell is determined To help balancing battery monomer；Whether the voltage difference for judging adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer whether More than in battery pack the step of the overall average voltage of each battery cell, including：Help in balancing battery monomer and whether deposit described in judgement In adjacent cell monomer；If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer Whether the overall average voltage of battery pack in each battery cell is more than.
- 7. according to the battery equalization method described in claim 4 and 5, it is characterised in that the judgement is described by balancing battery list The step of whether there is adjacent cell monomer in body further includes：Judge the quantity by balancing battery monomer for three batteries monomers or two batteries monomers；When the quantity by balancing battery monomer is three batteries monomers, judge to whether there is in the three batteries monomer Two adjacent sections battery cell；If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of the two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and two adjacent sections battery list Whether the average voltage of body is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；If the voltage difference of two adjacent sections battery cell meets preset condition, and the average voltage of two adjacent sections battery cell is more than electricity In the group of pond during the overall average voltage of each battery cell；Determine that the two adjacent sections battery cell is balancing battery monomer, Ling Yijie Battery cell is by balancing battery monomer；If being not present, determine that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in the three batteries monomer, voltage is minimum Battery cell be by balancing battery monomer；When the quantity by balancing battery is two batteries monomers, judge whether the two batteries monomer is adjacent cell Monomer；If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer Whether the overall average voltage of battery pack in each battery cell is more than；If the voltage difference of adjacent cell monomer meets preset condition, and the average voltage of adjacent cell monomer is more than in battery pack respectively During the overall average voltage of battery cell；It is balancing battery monomer to determine the two batteries monomer, other battery cells are by equal Weigh battery cell；If it is not, determine that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in the two batteries monomer, the minimum electricity of voltage Pond monomer is by balancing battery monomer.
- 8. battery equalization method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that when the quantity by balancing battery monomer is During four batteries monomers, determine that the highest battery cell of voltage is balancing battery monomer in the four batteries amount of monomer, electricity It is by balancing battery monomer to press minimum battery cell.
- 9. according to the battery equalization method described in claim 4 and 6, it is characterised in that help balancing battery list described in the judgement The step of whether there is adjacent cell monomer in body further includes：Whether the quantity that balancing battery monomer is helped described in judgement is three batteries monomers；If described when helping the quantity of balancing battery monomer to be three batteries monomers, judge whether the three batteries monomer is continuous Adjacent battery cell；If so, then judging whether the voltage difference of the three sections continuous adjacent battery cell meets preset condition, and three section continuous phases Whether the average voltage of adjacent battery cell is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；If the voltage difference of three section continuous adjacent battery cells meets preset condition, and the average electricity of three section continuous adjacent battery cells When pressure is more than the overall average voltage of each battery cell in battery pack；It is balancing battery monomer to determine the three batteries monomer, its His battery cell is by balancing battery monomer.
- 10. battery equalization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that further include：Gather and calculate the voltage of each battery pack；It is balancing battery group to determine the highest battery pack of the voltage, and the minimum battery pack of voltage is by balancing battery group；The controlling switch of the balancing battery group is controlled to close, so that the balancing battery group and second capacitance connection, are The second capacitance charging；When the balancing battery group voltage meets condition, the corresponding controlling switch of the balancing battery group is controlled to disconnect；The control controlling switch by balancing battery group closes, so that described connected by balancing battery monomer and second capacitance Connect, second capacitance is charged to described by balancing battery group；When it is described met condition by balancing battery group voltage when, control is described to be disconnected by the corresponding controlling switch of balancing battery group.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109334512A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-15 | 湖北文理学院 | A kind of novel collecting and distributing type battery management system and its method |
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| CN103296731A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-11 | 山东大学 | Zero current switch active equalization circuit of power batteries and implementation method |
| CN103956802A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 山东大学 | Switch matrix and LC resonant transformation based cells to cells equalization circuit and method |
| WO2015133401A1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-09-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | Control unit, storage battery system, battery cell balancing method, and program |
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2017
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103296731A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-11 | 山东大学 | Zero current switch active equalization circuit of power batteries and implementation method |
| WO2015133401A1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-09-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | Control unit, storage battery system, battery cell balancing method, and program |
| CN103956802A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 山东大学 | Switch matrix and LC resonant transformation based cells to cells equalization circuit and method |
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| CN109334512A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-15 | 湖北文理学院 | A kind of novel collecting and distributing type battery management system and its method |
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