CN107994188A - 一种铅酸蓄电池隔板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铅酸蓄电池隔板及其制备方法,该隔板以玻璃纤维为主成分,还包含10%~20%熔点为100~200℃的聚烯烃树脂纤维。本发明通过在玻璃纤维中添加聚烯烃树脂,在干燥升温过程中使聚烯烃树脂熔化,冷却后固化连接周围的玻璃纤维,使最终的隔板抗拉强度得到明显提高,可满足蓄电池机械自动化大生产的要求,而吸酸率等指标又没有显著下降,成本基本没有增加。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蓄电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种动力型铅酸蓄电池隔板及其制备方法。
背景技术
铅酸蓄电池在组装生产过程中,需要在正负极板之内夹一层隔板,隔板夹在正负极板之间既起到绝缘作用,又起到了吸收并储存稀硫酸电解液的作用,隔板夹在正负极板之间要求平整无折皱,不变型,静态宽度较极板宽5mm,以前蓄电池生产是把隔板裁成20~40cm长度的长方形形状,由员工手工操作把隔板折叠在正负极板之内。
由于现在劳动成本上升,且手工操作质量不稳定,操作方式越来越不能满足批量性大规模生产需要,现行业内大力研发机械化、自动化生产方式,这就需要把隔板分切成连续式带状,由机械牵引进入夹隔板片工位进行连续生产。以前对隔板虽有一定的强度要求,但要求不高,现在机械牵引连续式生产,就对隔板强度和尺寸稳定型性要求提高,既要求在生产中被拉动牵引时不变形不伸长,又要有足够的强力且隔板的成本又不能增加。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种铅酸蓄电池隔板,以解决现有隔板强度不符合铅酸蓄电池机械自动化生产需求的问题。
一种铅酸蓄电池隔板,以玻璃纤维为主成分,包含10%~20%熔点为100~180℃的聚烯烃树脂纤维。
聚烯烃树脂具有受热软化、冷却硬化的性能,在基板干燥过程中,如干燥温度高于其熔点,则会软化,冷却后会粘连周围的玻璃纤维并且固化,从而提高隔板强度;如果聚烯烃树脂含量过大,则导致隔板微孔数量减少,吸收电解液量减少,最终影响电池性能,如含量过小,隔板强度增加有限,不能满足机械自动化生产的要求,含量优选为12~16%。
因玻璃纤维的熔点大于200℃,因此聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点低于200℃即可,为了提高隔板的热稳定性,聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点最好为120~180℃。聚烯烃树脂更优选为聚丙烯(PP)纤维、聚乙烯(PE)纤维或它们的混合物,以降低隔板成本。所述聚乙烯(PE)纤维熔点优选为120~140℃,聚丙烯(PP)纤维熔点优选为150-180℃。
最优选的,以重量百分比计,隔板组成为:
玻璃纤维 80~90%
聚丙烯纤维 8~18%
聚乙烯纤维 2~4%。
一种铅酸蓄电池隔板的制备方法,包括:
(1)将占纤维原料总重量80~90%的玻璃纤维、10~20%的聚烯烃树脂纤维与水混合,碎解制成浆液,所述聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点为100~200℃;
(2)调节浆液pH值,抄造制得基纸;
(3)基纸经干燥、裁剪制成隔板,所述干燥的至少部分时段的温度高于所述聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点。
所述的聚烯烃树脂纤维由重量比为9~2∶1聚丙烯纤维和聚乙烯纤维构成。两者均具有良好的耐酸性能,熔点处于100~180℃,低于玻璃纤维的熔点,而且原料易得,成本较低。
一般来说,纤维直径越小,微孔率越高,隔板吸附存储电解液的能力越强,但也会相应降低氧气通过的效率,而且纤维直径越小,纤维成本越高。本发明所选用的聚丙烯纤维和聚乙烯纤维的纤维长度为6~10mm,纤维细度为5~8dex。本发明并不选用聚烯烃粉末,因粉末受热软化后固化,会填塞隔板的空隙,导致隔板微孔率降低较多,而且强度也不能有效提高,本发明需要聚烯烃纤维和玻璃纤维在碎解后交错在一起,因此最终对隔板微孔率影响较小。
聚烯烃纤维的纤维长度最好大于玻璃纤维的纤维长度,让更多的聚烯烃纤维与玻璃纤维交错,所述的玻璃纤维的纤维长度优选为5~7mm,纤维直径优选为0.8~15μm,其中玻璃纤维的直径跨度较大,纤维直径在0.8~2.0μm之间的占70~80%,纤维直径在2~5μm之间的占10~20%,纤维直径在5~15μm之间的占5~10%。如此可以保证平行隔板所在平面的微孔数量可以保证隔板吸收较多的电解液,而垂直隔板所在平面的较大孔孔径可以保证氧气通过。
纤维含量的大小对基纸厚度有一定影响,本发明所述的浆液中纤维含量优选为0.2~0.35%,pH值为1~3,最优选为2,可以让隔板表面具有一定的亲水性能。
干燥直至隔板符合质量要求即可,干燥温度必须某个时段高于树脂纤维的熔点,让树脂纤维软化即可,一般不少于2分钟,其余时段可以采用传统温度干燥,直至水分完全去除。
本发明通过在玻璃纤维中添加聚烯烃树脂,在干燥升温过程中使聚烯烃树脂熔化,冷却后固化连接周围的玻璃纤维,使最终的隔板抗拉强度得到明显提高,可满足蓄电池机械自动化大生产的要求,而吸酸率等指标又没有显著下降,成本基本没有增加。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)将90%的玻璃纤维、8%的聚丙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、细度5~8dex、熔点160℃左右,宁波天成)、2%的聚乙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、5~8dex、熔点130℃左右,江南化纤)混入水中,调节至纤维含量为0.3%,投入碎浆机中,碎解至完全分散,制成浆液;其中,玻璃纤维的纤维长度为5~7mm,纤维直径0.8~2.0μm的占70%、纤维直径2.0~5.0μm占20%、纤维直径5.0~15.0μm占10%;
(2)调节浆液的pH值为2.0,泵入贮浆池中备用;
(3)将浆液输送到工作槽中,在成网帘依照传统造纸工艺成型,制得基纸;
(4)把基纸送入烘箱内烘干,在基本烘干后,将温度升高至180℃,维持5分钟,继续干燥,最后裁剪得到成品。
实施例2
(1)将80%的玻璃纤维、16%的聚丙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、细度5~8dex、熔点160℃左右)、4%的聚乙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、5~8dex、熔点130℃左右,)混入水中,调节至纤维含量为0.35%,投入碎浆机中,碎解至完全分散,制成浆液;其中,玻璃纤维的纤维长度为5~7mm,纤维直径0.8~2.0μm的占80%、纤维直径2.0~5.0μm占15%、纤维直径5.0~15.0μm占5%;
(2)调节浆液的pH值为2.0,泵入贮浆池中备用;
(3)将浆液输送到工作槽中,在成网帘依照传统造纸工艺成型,制得基纸;
(4)把基纸送入烘箱内烘干,在基本烘干后,将温度升高至180℃,维持5分钟,继续干燥,最后裁剪得到成品。
实施例3
(1)将85%的玻璃纤维、12%的聚丙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、细度5~8dex、熔点160℃左右,)、3%的聚乙烯纤维(长度6~10mm、5~8dex、熔点130℃左右,)混入水中,调节至纤维含量为0.2%,投入碎浆机中,碎解至完全分散,制成浆液;其中,玻璃纤维的纤维长度为5~7mm,纤维直径0.8~2.0μm的占85%、纤维直径2.0~5.0μm占10%、纤维直径5.0~15.0μm占5%;
(2)调节浆液的pH值为2.0,泵入贮浆池中备用;
(3)将浆液输送到工作槽中,在成网帘依照传统造纸工艺成型,制得基纸;
(4)把基纸送入烘箱内烘干,在基本烘干后,将温度升高至180℃,维持5分钟,继续干燥,最后裁剪得到成品。
对比例
(1)将玻璃纤维混入水中,调节至纤维含量为0.3%,投入碎浆机中,碎解至完全分散,制成浆液;其中,玻璃纤维的纤维长度为5~7mm,纤维直径0.8~2.0μm的占80%、纤维直径2.0~5.0μm占10%、纤维直径5.0~15.0μm占10%;
(2)调节浆液的pH值为2.0,泵入贮浆池中备用;
(3)将浆液输送到工作槽中,在成网帘依照传统造纸工艺成型,制得基纸;
(4)把基纸送入烘箱内烘干,在基本烘干后,将温度升高至150℃,维持5分钟,继续干燥,最后裁剪得到成品。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选应用实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进。
Claims (10)
1.一种铅酸蓄电池隔板,以玻璃纤维为主成分,其特征在于,还包含10%~20%熔点为100~180℃的聚烯烃树脂纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铅酸蓄电池隔板,其特征在于,所述的聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点为120~180℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铅酸蓄电池隔板,其特征在于,所述的聚烯烃树脂纤维重量百分比含量为12~16%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铅酸蓄电池隔板,其特征在于,所述的聚烯烃树脂纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯纤维或它们的混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的铅酸蓄电池隔板,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,组成为:
玻璃纤维 80~90%
聚丙烯纤维 8~18%
聚乙烯纤维 2~4%。
6.一种铅酸蓄电池隔板的制备方法,包括:
(1)将占纤维原料总重量80~90%的玻璃纤维、10~20%的聚烯烃树脂纤维与水混合,碎解制成浆液,所述聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点为100~200℃;
(2)调节浆液pH值,抄造制得基纸;
(3)基纸经干燥、裁剪制成隔板,所述干燥的至少部分时段的温度高于所述聚烯烃树脂纤维的熔点。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的聚烯烃树脂纤维由重量比为9~2∶1聚丙烯纤维和聚乙烯纤维构成。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的聚丙烯纤维和聚乙烯纤维的纤维长度为6~10mm,纤维细度为5~8dex。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的玻璃纤维的纤维长度5~7mm,纤维直径为0.8~15μm。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述干燥温度高于所述聚烯烃树脂纤维熔点的时间为不少于2分钟。
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