CN107991991B - Working method of intelligent control system of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Working method of intelligent control system of numerical control machine tool Download PDF

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CN107991991B
CN107991991B CN201711452536.7A CN201711452536A CN107991991B CN 107991991 B CN107991991 B CN 107991991B CN 201711452536 A CN201711452536 A CN 201711452536A CN 107991991 B CN107991991 B CN 107991991B
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machining process
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numerical control
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CN107991991A (en
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胡天亮
高文斌
陶飞
张承瑞
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Shandong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/19Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35349Display part, programmed locus and tool path, traject, dynamic locus

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerical control machine tool intelligent control system based on a machining process cloud knowledge base and a working method thereof. According to the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool, the machining process planning scheme is provided for the local numerical control system by utilizing the machining process cloud knowledge base, the continuously increased mass machining process knowledge can be stored and efficiently processed, the machining process planning scheme is optimized, and the quality of a machined workpiece is further improved; the processing technology planning capability is integrated into the numerical control system, so that the autonomous capability and intelligence of the numerical control system are improved; meanwhile, a machine tool operator can acquire a proper machining process planning scheme at any time and any place through a network, so that the preparation time of the machining process planning is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Working method of intelligent control system of numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to a numerical control machine tool intelligent control system based on a machining process cloud knowledge base and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent numerical control systems.
Background
The numerical control technology is positioned at the tail end of a technical chain in the whole manufacturing industry, and the actual processing and production of the straight surface are the basis of the automation of the manufacturing industry and the core of the advanced manufacturing technology. The numerical control system is the 'brain' of the numerical control machine as the core part of the numerical control technology, and the quality of the performance of the numerical control system determines the grade of the numerical control machine. Today, rapidly changing global markets and customized production place intelligent demands on numerical control systems. At present, numerical control systems at home and abroad generally lack intelligent support, and the main problems are that: (1) the widely used conventional numerical control system data interface standard ISO 6893(G & M code) can only provide the numerical control system with limited information, i.e. the movement of the axes and the control of the switches. Under the data interface standard, the numerical control system is only a faithful executor of numerical control machining instructions and cannot realize data format compatibility and information integration with a CAD/CAM unit, so that the development of the intelligence of the numerical control system is hindered; (2) the processing technology planning of the product mainly depends on the experience of a technology designer rather than the numerical control system, so that the non-processing time occupies a large proportion of the production period of the product, the production efficiency is reduced, and the quality of the product is also reduced.
The STEP-NC provides a new data interface specification, which is an extension of the product data exchange Standard (STEP) to the field of numerical control machining, and enables bidirectional information flow from the design stage to the manufacturing stage of a product. What the STEP-NC transmits to the numerical control system is 'what' the machining task is, and the numerical control system is not told to 'what' like ISO 6893, so that the numerical control system has comprehensive understanding of the machining task and provides a foundation for the aspect of data interface specification for realizing intellectualization. At present, the research focus of the STEP-NC type intelligent controller at home and abroad is mainly focused on the realization aspect of a data interface. The machining process planning is a bridge between the design of the connecting parts and the manufacture of the connecting parts and plays an important role in the production of the connecting parts. A great deal of research is carried out on the intellectualization of the processing technology planning at home and abroad, and the used artificial intelligence method mainly comprises a rule-based knowledge base system, a neural network, a fuzzy algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a multi-agent system and the combination of the rule-based knowledge base system, the neural network, the fuzzy algorithm and the multi-agent system. However, the machining process planning is a knowledge-intensive activity, the machining process planning system cannot cope with the ever-increasing large-scale machining process data, and the machining process planning system is separated from the numerical control system controller, so that the function of the machining process planning cannot be integrated into the controller, and the real intellectualization of the controller is realized.
In recent years, cloud computing, as an emerging computing model, has shown great advantages in storing and processing massive data. At present, no unified definition for cloud computing is formed at home and abroad, and the definition given by the national NIST is more widely accepted: cloud computing is a computing model that uses the internet to provide anytime, anywhere, on-demand, and convenient access to a shared pool of resources (e.g., computing facilities, storage devices, applications, etc.), can be configured quickly, requiring little administrative work or interaction with service providers. Many well-known enterprises such as Google, IBM, Amazon, Yahoo, etc. have invested a great deal of resources in succession to research cloud computing. Some open-source platforms also provide technical level guarantees for successful implementation of cloud computing. Some famous scholars in China also put forward the concept of cloud manufacturing, expect to solve complex manufacturing problems and develop large-scale collaborative manufacturing, and the research mainly focuses on the field of sharing coordination and management of manufacturing resources.
Chinese patent publication No. 103347051a discloses a method for sharing and calling a cloud model of numerically-controlled machine tool design resources. The invention provides a method for sharing and calling a cloud mode of design resources of a numerical control machine tool, aiming at the problems of low sharing degree of the design resources of the numerical control machine tool and resource waste, wherein the cloud mode sharing is carried out on the design resources of the numerical control machine tool, the improvement of the processing efficiency of the numerical control machine tool is not realized from the aspect of processing technology, and the autonomous ability and the intelligence of a control system of the numerical control machine tool are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent control system of a numerical control machine tool based on a machining process cloud knowledge base.
The invention also provides a working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a numerical control machine tool intelligent control system based on a machining process cloud knowledge base is provided, and the system structure of the system comprises a cloud service layer and a local numerical control system layer;
the cloud service layer comprises a processing technology cloud knowledge base based on a cloud computing platform; the machining process cloud knowledge base stores machining process knowledge and provides corresponding machining process planning schemes for a local numerical control system layer, and intelligent support is provided for a local machine tool controller; the processing technology knowledge in the processing technology cloud knowledge base is expressed by a data model compatible with STEP-NC;
the local numerical control system layer adopting the modular design comprises an information extraction and analysis module, a path generation module, a simulation module, a local common machining process storage module, a process evaluation and feedback module and an NC Kernel module. More modules can be added into the local numerical control system layer according to actual production needs; all the modules are mutually matched and are responsible for information communication with the cloud service layer and part processing tasks.
The information extraction and analysis module is used for analyzing the processing task description file and the corresponding processing technology planning scheme file, extracting and packaging file information, and storing the file information in a cache area of the local machine tool controller; the file information comprises geometric information, processing material information, processing requirement information, processing strategy information, processing function information and cutter information of a processing workpiece;
the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the local machine tool controller, and converts the file information into an internal data format which can be directly identified by the NC Kernel module;
the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter;
the local common processing technology storage module stores a local common processing task description file and a processing technology planning scheme file corresponding to the local common processing task description file; the local common machining process storage module is helpful for promoting the acquisition speed of the machining process planning scheme.
The process evaluation and feedback module provides a process evaluation interface for an operator, and after the processing task is completed, the operator evaluates the processing process planning scheme according to the processing efficiency, the processing energy consumption and the processing quality; and the process evaluation and feedback module feeds the evaluation result back to the machining process cloud knowledge base for filtering the low-quality machining process knowledge in the machining process cloud knowledge base.
And the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move to complete the machining task.
According to the invention, the cloud service layer and the local numerical control system layer are preferably communicated through network transmission files.
A working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
1) submitting a processing task description file and a processing resource description file to a local machine tool controller; the processing task description file expresses geometric information, processing material information and processing requirement information of a processing workpiece; the processing resource description file expresses processing parameters, machine tool components, processing capacity and available cutters of the machine tool;
2) if the processing task description file submitted to the local machine tool controller is a local common processing task description file, directly acquiring a corresponding processing technology planning scheme from a local common processing technology storage module; otherwise, submitting the processing task description file and the processing resource description file to a processing technology cloud knowledge base;
and the intelligent controller performs matching query on the local common processing technology storage module according to the content of the submitted processing task description file, and judges whether the processing task is a local common processing task. The local common processing task description file is a processing task description file which has high use frequency of a local numerical control system layer and is stored in a local common processing technology storage module;
3) the processing technology cloud knowledge base generates a corresponding processing technology planning scheme according to the submitted processing task description file and the processing resource description file and sends the scheme back to the local numerical control system layer;
4) selecting a file from the processing technology planning scheme files received by the local numerical control system layer, analyzing the selected file by the information extraction and analysis module, and displaying the file content to an operator; the operator judges whether the scheme meets the requirements of the processing technology; if the scheme does not meet the requirements of the machining process, an operator modifies the machining process planning scheme or selects other machining process planning scheme files; the information extraction and analysis module extracts the data information of the processing task description file and the processing technology planning scheme file meeting the processing technology requirements, packages the data information and stores the data information in the cache region of the intelligent controller;
5) the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the intelligent controller; converting the file information into an internal information format which can be recognized by an NC Kernel module;
6) the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter;
7) the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move, executes a machining instruction and completes a machining task;
according to the optimization of the invention, the working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine further comprises the step of evaluating a processing technology planning scheme; after the processing task is completed, an operator evaluates the processing technology planning scheme through the technology evaluation and feedback module, and feeds an evaluation result back to the processing technology cloud knowledge base, and the processing technology planning scheme with high evaluation is preferentially pushed to a local numerical control system layer in the subsequent work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool, the machining process planning scheme is provided for the local numerical control system by utilizing the machining process cloud knowledge base, the continuously increased mass machining process knowledge can be stored and efficiently processed, the machining process planning scheme is optimized, and the quality of a machined workpiece is further improved; meanwhile, a machine tool operator can acquire a proper machining process planning scheme at any time and any place through a network, so that the preparation time of the machining process planning is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved;
2. the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool adopts the data model compatible with STEP-NC to express the processing technology knowledge, so that the local machine tool controller can more comprehensively understand the processing task and realize bidirectional information flow with the upper CAD/CAM unit;
3. according to the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool, the cloud knowledge base is utilized to provide a machining process planning scheme for the numerical control machine tool control system, the machining efficiency of the numerical control machine tool is improved in the aspect of machining process, and the autonomous ability and the intelligence of the numerical control machine tool control system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent control system of a numerical control machine tool based on a machining process cloud knowledge base;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below, but not limited thereto, with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1.
A numerical control machine tool intelligent control system based on a machining process cloud knowledge base is provided, and the system structure of the system comprises a cloud service layer and a local numerical control system layer;
the cloud service layer comprises a processing technology cloud knowledge base based on a cloud computing platform; the machining process cloud knowledge base stores machining process knowledge and provides corresponding machining process planning schemes for a local numerical control system layer, and intelligent support is provided for a local machine tool controller; the processing technology knowledge in the processing technology cloud knowledge base is expressed by a data model compatible with STEP-NC;
the local numerical control system layer adopting the modular design comprises an information extraction and analysis module, a path generation module, a simulation module, a local common machining process storage module, a process evaluation and feedback module and an NC Kernel module. More modules can be added into the local numerical control system layer according to actual production needs; all the modules are mutually matched and are responsible for information communication with the cloud service layer and part processing tasks.
The information extraction and analysis module is used for analyzing the processing task description file and the corresponding processing technology planning scheme file, extracting and packaging file information, and storing the file information in a cache area of the local machine tool controller; the file information comprises geometric information, processing material information, processing requirement information, processing strategy information, processing function information and cutter information of a processing workpiece;
the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the local machine tool controller, and converts the file information into an internal data format which can be directly identified by the NC Kernel module;
the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter;
the local common processing technology storage module stores a local common processing task description file and a processing technology planning scheme file corresponding to the local common processing task description file; the local common machining process storage module is helpful for promoting the acquisition speed of the machining process planning scheme.
The process evaluation and feedback module provides a process evaluation interface for an operator, and after the processing task is completed, the operator evaluates the processing process planning scheme according to the processing efficiency, the processing energy consumption and the processing quality; and the process evaluation and feedback module feeds the evaluation result back to the machining process cloud knowledge base for filtering the low-quality machining process knowledge in the machining process cloud knowledge base.
And the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move to complete the machining task.
The cloud service layer and the local numerical control system layer are communicated through network transmission files.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2.
An operating method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool according to the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) submitting a processing task description file and a processing resource description file to a local machine tool controller; the processing task description file expresses geometric information, processing material information and processing requirement information of a processing workpiece; the processing resource description file expresses processing parameters, machine tool components, processing capacity and available cutters of the machine tool;
2) if the processing task description file submitted to the local machine tool controller is a local common processing task description file, directly acquiring a corresponding processing technology planning scheme from a local common processing technology storage module; otherwise, submitting the processing task description file and the processing resource description file to a processing technology cloud knowledge base through a network;
and the intelligent controller performs matching query on the local common processing technology storage module according to the content of the submitted processing task description file, and judges whether the processing task is a local common processing task. The local common processing task description file is a processing task description file which has high use frequency of a local numerical control system layer and is stored in a local common processing technology storage module;
3) the processing technology cloud knowledge base generates a corresponding processing technology planning scheme according to the submitted processing task description file and the processing resource description file and sends the scheme back to the local numerical control system layer;
4) selecting a file from the processing technology planning scheme files received by the local numerical control system layer, analyzing the selected file by the information extraction and analysis module, and displaying the file content to an operator; the operator judges whether the scheme meets the requirements of the processing technology; if the scheme does not meet the requirements of the machining process, an operator modifies the machining process planning scheme or selects other machining process planning scheme files; the information extraction and analysis module extracts the data information of the processing task description file and the processing technology planning scheme file meeting the processing technology requirements, packages the data information and stores the data information in the cache region of the intelligent controller; in the prior art, an operator usually modifies a machining process according to experience, and various auxiliary machining process planning software cannot ensure that a generated machining process planning scheme is completely applicable due to the complexity of parts;
5) the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the intelligent controller; converting the file information into an internal information format which can be recognized by an NC Kernel module;
6) the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter;
7) the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move, executes a machining instruction and completes a machining task;
example 3
The working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 2, further, after the machining task is completed, the operator evaluates the machining process planning scheme through the process evaluation and feedback module, and feeds back the evaluation result to the machining process cloud knowledge base, and the machining process planning scheme with high evaluation is preferentially pushed to the local numerical control system layer in the subsequent work.

Claims (3)

1. A working method of a numerical control machine tool intelligent control system based on a machining process cloud knowledge base is disclosed, wherein the system structure of the numerical control machine tool intelligent control system comprises a cloud service layer and a local numerical control system layer; the cloud service layer comprises a processing technology cloud knowledge base based on a cloud computing platform; the machining process cloud knowledge base stores machining process knowledge and provides corresponding machining process planning schemes for a local numerical control system layer, and intelligent support is provided for a local machine tool controller; the processing technology knowledge in the processing technology cloud knowledge base is expressed by a data model compatible with STEP-NC; the local numerical control system layer adopting the modular design comprises an information extraction and analysis module, a path generation module, a simulation module, a local common machining process storage module, a process evaluation and feedback module and an NC Kernel module; the information extraction and analysis module is used for analyzing the processing task description file and the corresponding processing technology planning scheme file, extracting and packaging file information, and storing the file information in a cache area of the local machine tool controller; the file information comprises geometric information, processing material information, processing requirement information, processing strategy information, processing function information and cutter information of a processing workpiece; the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the local machine tool controller, and converts the file information into an internal data format which can be directly identified by the NC Kernel module; the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter; the local common processing technology storage module stores a local common processing task description file and a processing technology planning scheme file corresponding to the local common processing task description file; the process evaluation and feedback module provides a process evaluation interface for an operator, and after the processing task is completed, the operator evaluates the processing process planning scheme according to the processing efficiency, the processing energy consumption and the processing quality; the process evaluation and feedback module feeds the evaluation result back to the machining process cloud knowledge base for filtering the low-quality machining process knowledge in the machining process cloud knowledge base; the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move to complete a machining task; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) submitting a processing task description file and a processing resource description file to a local machine tool controller; the processing task description file expresses geometric information, processing material information and processing requirement information of a processing workpiece; the processing resource description file expresses processing parameters, machine tool components, processing capacity and available cutters of the machine tool;
2) if the processing task description file submitted to the local machine tool controller is a local common processing task description file, directly acquiring a corresponding processing technology planning scheme from a local common processing technology storage module; otherwise, submitting the processing task description file and the processing resource description file to a processing technology cloud knowledge base;
3) the processing technology cloud knowledge base generates a corresponding processing technology planning scheme according to the submitted processing task description file and the processing resource description file and sends the scheme back to the local numerical control system layer;
4) selecting a file from the processing technology planning scheme files received by the local numerical control system layer, analyzing the selected file by the information extraction and analysis module, and displaying the file content to an operator; the operator judges whether the scheme meets the requirements of the processing technology; if the scheme does not meet the requirements of the machining process, an operator modifies the machining process planning scheme or selects other machining process planning scheme files; the information extraction and analysis module extracts the data information of the processing task description file and the processing technology planning scheme file meeting the processing technology requirements, packages the data information and stores the data information in the cache region of the intelligent controller;
5) the path generation module generates a tool movement track according to file information stored in a cache region of the intelligent controller; converting the file information into an internal information format which can be recognized by an NC Kernel module;
6) the simulation module carries out three-dimensional simulation on the processing task according to the motion track of the cutter;
7) and the NC Kernel module controls the machine tool to move, executes a machining instruction and completes a machining task.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cloud service layer and the local NC system layer communicate via network transmission files.
3. The working method of the intelligent control system of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein after the machining task is completed, an operator evaluates the machining process planning scheme through the process evaluation and feedback module, and feeds back the evaluation result to the machining process cloud knowledge base, and the machining process planning scheme with high evaluation is preferentially pushed to a local numerical control system layer in the subsequent work.
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