CN107991666B - Testing device and testing method for warning distance of pedestrian warning sound - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for warning distance of pedestrian warning sound Download PDFInfo
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- CN107991666B CN107991666B CN201711222709.6A CN201711222709A CN107991666B CN 107991666 B CN107991666 B CN 107991666B CN 201711222709 A CN201711222709 A CN 201711222709A CN 107991666 B CN107991666 B CN 107991666B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for pedestrian warning sound warning distance, and relates to the technical field of testing of pedestrian warning sound warning effects of electric automobiles and hybrid electric automobiles. The system comprises an infrared laser receiving sensor and an infrared laser transmitting device, a wireless signal receiving sensor and a wireless signal transmitting remote control device, an acoustic sensor and data acquisition equipment for synchronously acquiring information of the wireless signal receiving sensor, information of the acoustic sensor, information of a vehicle speed sensor and information of the infrared laser receiving sensor, wherein the infrared laser receiving sensor and the infrared laser transmitting device are respectively arranged at one end of a test site and at two sides in front of a vehicle, a tester is positioned at the other end of the test site, the acoustic sensor and a loudspeaker are arranged at one side of the tester, and the tester is provided with the wireless signal transmitting remote control device; the distance between the infrared laser receiving sensor and a tester is the vehicle incoming line distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing of pedestrian warning sound warning effects of electric automobiles and hybrid electric automobiles, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for a pedestrian warning sound warning distance.
Background
With the increasingly prominent problems of environmental pollution, energy crisis and the like, new energy automobile technology is more and more emphasized, and various automobile companies launch Electric Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) products, which become the current research hotspot and the future development direction of the automobile industry.
When the EV or the pure electric mode HEV runs in the range of 0-30km/h of vehicle speed, the noise level outside the vehicle is far lower than that of the traditional vehicle under the same working condition because no engine is arranged (the HEV engine does not work). In this case, the absence of engine noise and low-amplitude tire noise cause the pedestrian not to judge the driving state of the automobile through the very important information of the sound outside the automobile, which is more likely to cause traffic accidents for the vulnerable groups such as the blind, the old and children. Therefore, relevant standards are actively drawn by governments and standardization organizations of various countries, and new energy vehicles such as EV and HEV are required to be provided with pedestrian warning sound systems so as to make up the potential safety hazard brought to pedestrians by the lack of engine sound.
At present, the requirement of the automobile industry on the warning effect of the warning sound of the pedestrian is mainly based on the warning sound standard drafted by related countries and organizations, and the warning effect of the warning sound of the pedestrian is required by adopting the lowest noise limit value of constant-speed driving at the vehicle speed of 10km/h, 20km/h, reversing and the like. The weighting sound pressure level A is used as an evaluation parameter, and the influence of subjective feeling of people and actual background environment noise on the warning effect is often ignored.
The warning distance of the pedestrian warning sound is an objective parameter which more intuitively reflects the real feeling of a person and fully considers the influence of background environmental noise. However, no test device specially used for warning the distance by pedestrian warning sound exists in the market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of the existing pedestrian warning sound, and provides a device and a method for testing the warning distance of the pedestrian warning sound, which can be used for testing the warning distances of a plurality of background noise environments in one test site.
A pedestrian warning sound warning distance testing device comprises an infrared laser receiving sensor and an infrared laser emitting device which are arranged in a testing field and used for capturing vehicle incoming time, a wireless signal receiving sensor and a wireless signal emitting remote control device which are used for capturing warning time, an acoustic sensor which is used for acquiring noise data, data acquisition equipment which is used for synchronously acquiring information of the wireless signal receiving sensor, information of the acoustic sensor, information of a vehicle speed sensor and information of the infrared laser receiving sensor, and a loudspeaker which is used for playing background noise environment sound; the vehicle speed sensor is arranged on the vehicle and used for monitoring vehicle speed information of the vehicle; an infrared laser receiving sensor and an infrared laser transmitting device are respectively arranged at one end of a test site and at two sides in front of a vehicle, a tester is arranged at the other end of the test site, an acoustic sensor and a loudspeaker are arranged at one side of the tester, and the tester is provided with a wireless signal transmitting remote control device; the distance between the infrared laser receiving sensor and a tester is the vehicle incoming line distance.
The method for testing the warning distance of the warning sound of the pedestrian is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a vehicle is started, the gear of the vehicle is placed in a D gear, pedestrian warning sound is emitted when the vehicle runs at a low speed, and the vehicle speed sensor is stabilized at 10km/h to enable the vehicle to run at a constant speed to enter a test site;
step two, when the laser line signal sent by the infrared laser emitting device is covered by the foremost end of the vehicle, the infrared laser receiving sensor outputs a 6V direct current voltage signal to the data acquisition equipment, and the vehicle line-incoming time is recorded as t0When the vehicle continues to run forwards, when the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound, the wireless signal transmitting remote control device is pressed, the wireless signal receiving sensor outputs a 6V direct-current square wave voltage signal to the data acquisition equipment, and the moment when the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound is recorded as t1The data acquisition equipment synchronously records signals of the acoustic sensor, the infrared laser receiving sensor and the wireless signal receiving sensor;
and step three, setting a loudspeaker to emit background noises of different environments, and repeating the step one and the step two to finish the test of the warning distance of the warning sound of the pedestrian.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pedestrian warning sound warning distance testing device can accurately and effectively record the vehicle incoming time and the pedestrian warning time, and ensures the accuracy of the warning distance calculation result. The loudspeaker is adopted to play background sounds of different environments, the testing of warning distances of the pedestrian warning sounds in different background noise environments can be completed in one field, the test preparation work of multiple actual background environments is avoided, and the testing efficiency is improved. The acoustic sensor can record the change of the position sound of a tester in the whole test process, and is favorable for analyzing the change of the frequency component and the amplitude of the sound when the pedestrian warning sound plays a warning effect. The pedestrian warning sound generation method can objectively measure the warning effect of the pedestrian warning sound through the warning distance, has high accuracy and strong practicability, and can effectively guide the development of the pedestrian warning sound of the electric automobile and the hybrid electric automobile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test site of a pedestrian warning sound warning distance test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a device for testing a pedestrian warning sound warning distance according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of environmental background noise test sensors in the pedestrian warning sound warning distance test method according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of speakers of an environmental background noise in the method for testing a distance of a pedestrian warning sound according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In a first specific embodiment, the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, a device for testing a warning distance of a pedestrian warning sound includes an infrared laser receiving sensor 1 and an infrared laser emitting device 2 for capturing a vehicle line-incoming time, a wireless signal receiving sensor 3 and a wireless signal emitting remote control device 4 for capturing a warning time, an acoustic sensor 5 for collecting noise data, a vehicle speed sensor 6 for monitoring vehicle speed information, a data collecting device 7 for synchronously recording all channel information, and a speaker 8 for playing background noise environment sound, and can complete a test of the warning distance of the pedestrian warning sound in different background noise environments in one site. And the acquired time and noise data are transmitted to data acquisition equipment and transmitted to a computer through a network cable to finish data storage. An infrared laser receiving sensor 1 and an infrared laser emitting device 2 are respectively arranged at one end of a test site and at two sides in front of a vehicle, a tester is arranged at the other end of the test site, an acoustic sensor 5 and a loudspeaker 8 are arranged near the tester, and the tester is provided with a wireless signal emitting remote control device 4; the distance between the infrared laser receiving sensor 1 and a tester is the vehicle incoming line distance.
In a second embodiment, the second embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and the second embodiment is a method for testing by using the pedestrian warning sound warning distance testing apparatus described in the first embodiment, and mainly includes a testing site preparation step, a testing sensor and equipment preparation step, a data acquisition step, and a warning distance calculation step.
1. Preparing a test site; in a quiet open test field with a horizontal and smooth asphalt pavement on the ground, a two-lane long and straight area with the length of at least 30m and the width of about 10m is built to simulate an actual running pavement.
2. Test sensor and equipment preparation; the vehicle is arranged at the rightmost end of the road, the tester stands on the roadside facing the left side, the eyes are covered by the eye shields, and the wireless signal transmitting remote control device 4 is arranged. An acoustic sensor 5 and a loudspeaker 8 are arranged on the left side of a tester, the distance from the acoustic sensor to the ground is 1.2m in the vertical direction, an infrared laser receiving sensor 1 and an infrared laser emitting device 2 are arranged in front of a vehicle at the right end of a road, the distance between the infrared laser receiving sensor and the tester is the incoming line distance, and the distance is represented by y and is arranged on the vehicle. The acoustic sensor 5, the wireless signal receiving sensor 3, the infrared laser signal receiving sensor 1 and the vehicle speed sensor 6 are connected with the data acquisition device 7.
3. And (6) data acquisition. The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, starting a vehicle, wherein the gear of the vehicle is arranged at a D gear, the electric vehicle (or a hybrid electric car in a pure electric mode) runs at a low speed to send out pedestrian warning sound, and an accelerator pedal is slowly stepped down and stabilized to a certain accelerator pedal opening degree, so that the vehicle runs at a constant speed of 10 km/h;
secondly, the tester is ready at a preset position, the vehicle runs at a constant speed of 10km/h and enters a warning distance test area, and when the foremost end of the vehicle covers a laser line signal sent by the infrared laser emission device 2, the data acquisition equipment is triggered to record the line incoming time t0When the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound outside the vehicle, the wireless signal emission remote control device is pressed to record the moment t when the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound1The data acquisition equipment 7 synchronously records the acoustic sensor and the vehicle speed signal in the whole test process, and the test process is repeated for at least 5 times;
and thirdly, collecting several environmental noise signals for simulating background noise under different environments in a test field. Typical environments include: according to the method, three acoustic sensors 5 are arranged in a plane parallel to a horizontal ground as shown in fig. 2, the three acoustic sensors are equilateral triangles with the side length of 2m, the distance from the ground to the vertical direction is 1.2m, the three acoustic sensors are connected with a data acquisition device 7, the three environmental background noises are respectively tested, and the acquisition time is not less than 300 s;
converting environmental noise signals collected by three acoustic microphones arranged in the environment into an audio format file, and selecting a loudspeaker with a good frequency response curve in the main frequency range of the three kinds of background noise so as to ensure the actual playing effect of the loudspeaker, particularly in a low-frequency range; and importing the audio files into a computer, synchronously playing the three audio files by adopting sound playing software capable of synchronously playing three channels, arranging loudspeakers according to the arrangement positions of the acoustic sensors in the figure 3, and sequentially playing the three audio files through the loudspeakers at the same positions as the acoustic sensors in a synchronous circulating manner. The acoustic sensor 5 is arranged at the center of the equilateral triangle in fig. 4, and the sound intensity of the loudspeaker 8 is adjusted, so that the weighted sound pressure level a and the 1/3 octave frequency spectrum obtained by the test of the acoustic sensor 5 are consistent with the test result of the acoustic sensor 5 in fig. 3. And respectively completing the tests of the parking lot, the school entrance road and the noisy urban road according to the steps. Therefore, the evaluation of the pedestrian warning sound by a tester under the background noise environment of the parking lot is simulated;
and fifthly, circularly playing the school doorway road environment sound and the noisy urban area road environment sound tested in the step three respectively, and completing the testing work according to the steps.
Sixthly, calculating the warning distance: aiming at the test result under each background noise environment, the vehicle incoming time t0And a time t of warning a pedestrianiRecorded in table 1, table 1 is a pedestrian warning sound warning distance calculation table, and the average reaction time Δ t is obtained by calculating the reaction time respectively and averagingaveAnd respectively calculating the warning distance x of the pedestrian warning sound under each background noise environment according to a formula (1):
x=y-v·Δtave (1)
where y is the incoming line distance and v is the speed of the vehicle (10km/h, v 2.78 m/s).
The functions of the sensors described in the present embodiment are as follows:
the infrared laser receiving sensor 1 is mainly used for receiving laser line signals sent by an infrared laser emitting device, when the signals are received, the infrared laser receiving sensor keeps 0V direct current voltage signals and outputs the signals to the data acquisition equipment, and when an object covers the laser line signals so that the laser receiving sensor cannot receive the laser signals, the laser receiving sensor outputs 6V direct current voltage signals to the data acquisition equipment;
the wireless signal receiving sensor 3 is mainly used for receiving signals sent by a wireless signal transmitting remote control device, and when a trigger button is pressed and quickly released, the wireless signal receiving sensor receives the signals, generates 6V direct-current square wave voltage signals in a short time and outputs the signals to data acquisition equipment; the acoustic sensor 5 is used for recording noise signals of the whole test process; the vehicle speed sensor 6 is used for monitoring a vehicle speed signal in the whole test process.
TABLE 1
Claims (7)
1. A pedestrian warning sound warning distance testing device is characterized in that; the method comprises the steps that an infrared laser receiving sensor (1) and an infrared laser emitting device (2) which are used for capturing vehicle incoming time are arranged in a test field, a wireless signal receiving sensor (3) and a wireless signal emitting remote control device (4) which are used for capturing warning time, an acoustic sensor (5) which is used for collecting noise data, a data collecting device (7) which is used for synchronously collecting information of the wireless signal receiving sensor (3), information of the acoustic sensor (5), information of a vehicle speed sensor (6) and information of the infrared laser receiving sensor (1), and a loudspeaker (8) which is used for playing background noise environment sound;
an infrared laser receiving sensor (1) and an infrared laser emitting device (2) are respectively arranged at one end of a test site and two sides in front of a vehicle, a tester is arranged at the other end of the test site, an acoustic sensor (5) and a loudspeaker (8) are arranged at one side of the tester, and the tester is provided with a wireless signal emitting remote control device (4); the distance between the infrared laser receiving sensor (1) and a tester is the vehicle incoming line distance.
2. The pedestrian warning sound warning distance testing device according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic sensor (5) is 1.2m from the ground.
3. The testing method of the device for testing the pedestrian warning sound warning distance according to claim 1, wherein the method is implemented by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a vehicle is started, the gear of the vehicle is placed in a D gear, pedestrian warning sound is emitted when the vehicle runs at a low speed, and the vehicle speed sensor (6) is stabilized at 10km/h to enable the vehicle to run at a constant speed to enter a test site;
step two, when the laser line signal sent by the infrared laser emitting device (2) is shielded by the foremost end of the vehicle, the infrared laser receiving sensor (1) outputs a 6V direct-current voltage signal to the data acquisition equipment (7), and the vehicle line-incoming time is recorded as t0When the vehicle continues to drive forwards and the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound, the wireless signal transmitting remote control device (4) is pressed, the wireless signal receiving sensor (3) outputs a 6V direct-current square wave voltage signal to the data acquisition equipment (7), and the moment when the tester hears the pedestrian warning sound is recorded as t1The data acquisition equipment (7) synchronously records signals of the acoustic sensor (5), the infrared laser receiving sensor (1) and the wireless signal receiving sensor (3);
and step three, setting a loudspeaker (8) to emit background noises of different environments, and repeating the step one and the step two to finish the test of the warning distance of the warning sound of the pedestrian.
4. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that; the background noise of different environment includes the noise of parking area, school's gate road and noisy urban area road, arranges three acoustic sensor (5) in the plane parallel with level ground, is the equilateral triangle that the length of a side is 2m, vertical direction apart from ground 1.2m, three acoustic sensor (5) with data acquisition equipment (7) are connected, test three kinds of environment background noise respectively, and acquisition time more than or equal to 300 s.
5. The test method according to claim 4, characterized in that; environmental noise signals collected by three acoustic sensors (5) arranged in three environments are converted into audio format files, the audio files are imported into a computer, three audio files are synchronously played by adopting sound playing software for synchronously playing three channels,
and arranging the loudspeakers according to the arrangement positions of the acoustic sensors, and sequentially carrying out synchronous circular playing on the three audio files through the loudspeakers at the same positions as the acoustic sensors.
6. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that; arrange three speaker (8) in the plane parallel with the level ground, be the equilateral triangle that the length of a side is 2m, put at equilateral triangle central point and arrange acoustic sensor (5), the adjustment the sound size of speaker (8) makes A meter weight sound pressure level, 1/3 octave frequency spectrum that acoustic sensor (5) test obtained unanimously with the result that adopts three acoustic sensor (5) to test, accomplishes the test of parking area, school gate road and noisy urban area road.
7. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that; the warning distance calculation method comprises the following steps: recording the vehicle incoming line time t to the test result under each background noise environment0And the moment t when the tester hears the warning sound of the pedestrian1Respectively calculating the reaction time of the multiple test results, and calculating the average reaction time delta tave;
Respectively calculating the warning distance x of the pedestrian warning sound under each background noise environment according to the following formula:
x=y-v·Δtave
wherein y is the distance of the incoming line and v is the running speed of the vehicle.
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