CN107990988A - With the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current and its control method - Google Patents
With the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107990988A CN107990988A CN201810034579.1A CN201810034579A CN107990988A CN 107990988 A CN107990988 A CN 107990988A CN 201810034579 A CN201810034579 A CN 201810034579A CN 107990988 A CN107990988 A CN 107990988A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2005/106—Arrays
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to have the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current and its control method, including current source compensating module, self compensation control module, interface module and peripheral circuit.Interface module includes comparator and DAC, and current source compensating module is controlled by the DAC of interface module, there is provided the compensation electric current identical with focal plane arrays (FPA) background current size；Self compensation control module calculates background current, and drives DAC module output control voltage according to optimal control value；Self compensation control module reads the offset for meeting comparator judgment criteria being stored in ROM, and feedback regulation is carried out to background compensation electric current.The circuit and its control method, integrate error current by element circuit integrator, ensure that compensation electric current and the uniformity of background current compensation, reduce the compensation heterogeneity of different pixels.The size that different background electric current can also be directed at the same time carries out self compensation correction, has compatibility to the Uncooled FPA of different materials.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of self-compensating with background current the invention belongs to photoelectron technology and test and measuring technical field
Infrared reading circuit and its control method.
Background technology
The background current of thermal detector by background infrared radiation reasons for its use radiation current and it is radiationless when detector exist
Background current under bias condition is formed.
The photon density radiated in infrared imaging application according to detection target background, there is point of low background and high background,
Usual photon density is higher than 1013/cm2.s background is known as high background.Under the image-forming condition of many infrared systems, target and the back of the body
The contrast of scape radiation is at a fairly low, for example the target that temperature change is 0.1K is detected in room temperature (300K) background.Above three
Infrared band spectral radiance photon density respectively about 10 under room temperature (300K) background12/cm2.s、1016/cm2.s、1017/
cm2.s, contrast respectively may be about 10%, 3%, l%.Contrast be defined as ambient temperature change lK caused by photon flux change with
The ratio of whole photon flux.It can thus be seen that with the increase of infrared wavelength, background radiation is higher and higher, and contrast is got over
Come smaller.
The background current of thermal detector is also dark current, is the electricity that the sensing unit of detector produces under a bias voltage
Stream, to some thermo-sensitive materials, such as SiGe silicon multiple quantum wells, the electric current is under normal circumstances much larger than the radiation generation that has powerful connections
Electric current.In addition, material for detector surface and internal carrier diffusion are formed and carrier generation-compound grade also may be used
To generate background current.Background current can simply be expressed as output current of the detector in no light.Thermal detector background electricity
The size of stream is influenced by detector sensitive material characteristic, the bias voltage of detector, temperature, detector cells area etc..
The total current that traditional reading circuit produces detector（Background current and signal code）Integrated, carried on the back greatly
To ensure enough times of integration to detect the small-signal being hidden under high background under scape electric current, reading circuit must have
Great integrating capacitor.But element circuit limited area, less integrating capacitor, overall background electricity can only be included in reading circuit
Stream makes the rapid saturation of capacitance, and the time of integration is limited.Generally all it is operated under high background for Long Wave Infrared Probe, background current
Even larger than signal code, reading circuit unit integrating capacitor when extracting detector output current are easy to saturation, make reading
Go out signal-to-noise ratio, read dynamic range and substantially reduce, or even make circuit cisco unity malfunction, cause infrared imaging system failure.
Background current is suppressed in the integral process of circuit, only signal code is integrated, is the good side of a solution problem above
Method.It can extend the time of integration while being integrated using small integrating capacitor, and the noise that can so improve system is when visited
The ability of micrometer weak signal.
Current background current compensation circuit has the disadvantages that：1st, it is manual to be all based on open loop for background current compensation circuit
Calibration；2nd, background current compensation circuit is only applicable to the material of certain characteristic；3rd, background current compensation circuit does not have low temperature
Spend coefficient and process allowance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind to have the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current and its control method,
Solve current infrared reading circuit and be based on open loop manual calibration, be only applicable to the material of certain characteristic and do not have low temperature system
The problems such as number and process allowance.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：One kind has the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current,
Including current source compensating module, self compensation control module, interface module and peripheral circuit, interface module includes first comparator
COM1, the second comparator COM2 and DAC, current source compensating module are controlled by the DAC of interface module, there is provided are carried on the back with focal plane arrays (FPA)
The identical compensation electric current of scape size of current；Self compensation control module calculates background current, and is driven according to optimal control value
Dynamic DAC module output control voltage；The first comparator COM1 of interface module and the second comparator COM2 carries out background current
Coding, self compensation control module include self compensation module, ROM and control circuit, self compensation module respectively with ROM and control circuit
Connection, ROM are connected with control circuit, and self compensation module, which is read, meets first comparator COM1 and the second comparator COM2 judge marks
Accurate output valve, is stored in ROM, and the output valve that control circuit is transferred in ROM carries out feedback regulation to background compensation electric current；Outside
Enclosing circuit includes the first reference voltage chip U1, the second reference voltage chip U2 and exterior sequential main control chip U3, the first benchmark
Voltage chips connect first comparator COM1 anodes to provide benchmark high threshold voltage, the ratio of the second reference voltage chip connection second
Compared with device COM2 anodes to provide benchmark low threshold voltage, exterior sequential main control chip U3 connection control circuits, drive to produce
Clock signal and circuit operating pattern control signal needed for infrared focal plane array work.
It is a kind of as follows based on the control method with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current, method and step：
After initialization, the level decision of the MODE pins selected according to user is self-complementary with background current for step 1, control circuit
The operating mode for the infrared reading circuit repaid, as MODE=1, is compensation model, is transferred to step 2；As MODE=0, to read
Pattern, is transferred to step 6；
Step 2, control circuit put 1 by flag bit CMODE is compensated, and subsequent control circuit concedes bus control right so that self compensation
Module obtains the control to pixel and integrator, is transferred to step 3；
Step 3, self compensation module are started to work, and carry out background current calculating to all pixels of array, and result of calculation is deposited
Enter into ROM, to be called during readout mode to it, access step 4；
Step 4, when all pixels background current calculate after the completion of, by READY mark positions 1, be transferred to step 5；
Step 5, when control circuit inquire READY flag bits for 1 when, then switchback bus control right, while compensate complement mark
Position CSTATE is set to 1, reminds user to compensate and completes；
Step 6, control circuit are read according to the digital sequential of driving needed for the work of focal plane, before being read to each pixel,
Need to read its background current value according to the corresponding ROM addresses of the pixel, then control output to carry out background current benefit by DAC
Repay.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage：
（1）The size that different background electric current can be directed to carries out adaptive compensation correction；（2）It is burnt to the non-brake method of different materials
Planar array has compatibility；（3）With low-temperature coefficient and process allowance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the control circuit work flow diagram with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is driving numeral needed for the work of the focal plane with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current of the present invention
Sequence diagram, wherein（a）For the key signal sequence diagram under normal mode of operation,（b）For the key signal sequential under compensation model
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the self compensation module working procedure flow with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current of the present invention
Figure.
The double threshold threshold value with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current that Fig. 5 is the present invention assesses detection method
Calculate the functional block diagram of background current.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is of the present invention that there is the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current to include current source compensation mould with reference to Fig. 1
Block（Analog portion）, self compensation control module（Numerical portion）, interface module and peripheral circuit.Interface module compares including first
Device COM1, the second comparator COM2 and DAC, current source compensating module are controlled by the DAC of interface module, there is provided with focal plane arrays (FPA)
The identical compensation electric current of background current size；Self compensation control module calculates background current, and according to optimal control value
Drive DAC module output control voltage；Including current source compensating module, self compensation control module, interface module and peripheral circuit,
Interface module includes first comparator COM1, the second comparator COM2 and DAC, current source compensating module by interface module DAC
Control, there is provided the compensation electric current identical with focal plane arrays (FPA) background current size；Self compensation control module carries out background current
Calculate, and DAC module output control voltage is driven according to optimal control value；The ratios of the first comparator COM1 of interface module and second
Background current is encoded compared with device COM2, self compensation control module includes self compensation module, ROM and control circuit, self compensation
Module is connected with ROM and control circuit respectively, and ROM is connected with control circuit, and self compensation module, which is read, meets first comparator
The output valve of COM1 and the second comparator COM2 judgment criteria, are stored in ROM, control circuit transfers the output valve pair in ROM
Background compensation electric current carries out feedback regulation；Peripheral circuit includes the first reference voltage chip U1（ADR421）, the second reference voltage
Chip U2（ADR421）With exterior sequential main control chip U3（EP4CE15F17C8N）, the first reference voltage chip voltage output terminal
For connection first comparator COM1 anodes to provide benchmark high threshold voltage, the second reference voltage chip voltage output terminal connects second
To provide benchmark low threshold voltage, exterior sequential main control chip U3 connection control circuits, drive comparator COM2 anodes to produce
Clock signal and circuit operating pattern control signal needed for dynamic infrared focal plane array work.Unit biasing circuit, integral unit,
Sample holding unit and variable connector exist《Analog CMOS integrated circuit designs》In it is disclosed.
With reference to Fig. 2, design with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current with two kinds of operating modes：Compensate mould
Block and readout mode.After initialization, the level of the MODE pins selected according to user determines there is background current to control circuit
The operating mode of self-compensating infrared reading circuit.
It is compensation model as MODE=1, control circuit puts 1 by flag bit CMODE is compensated, and subsequent control circuit is conceded always
Line traffic control is weighed so that self compensation module obtains the control to pixel and integrator；Self compensation module is started to work, to array
All pixels carry out background current calculating.And result of calculation is deposited into ROM, to be called during readout mode to it；When
After the completion of the background current of all pixels calculates, by READY mark positions 1；When control circuit inquires READY flag bits as 1
When, then switchback bus control right, while compensate complement mark position CSTATE and be set to 1, reminds user to compensate and completes；
It is readout mode as MODE=0, control circuit is carried out according to the digital sequential of driving needed for the focal plane work shown in Fig. 5
Read, it is necessary to read its background current value according to the corresponding ROM addresses of the pixel before being read to each pixel, then pass through
DAC control outputs carry out background current compensation；
With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, after self compensation module obtains bus control right, the self compensation stage is initially entered.First to deposit
Device initializes, and the pixel that then selection needs to calculate background current after the completion of initialization is integrated, and integration is tied after the completion of integration
Fruit is assessed, and appraisal procedure is threshold method, as shown in figure 4, integral result is passed through comparator and two threshold voltages（VREFH
And VREFL）It is compared, threshold voltage VREFHAnd VREFLThere is provided by reference voltage chip outside piece, VREFHFor upper threshold voltage,
VREFLFor bottom threshold voltage, when the result of comparative result VH, VL are 00, compensation electric current is excessive, needs to increase by DAC at this time
Add current source compensating module input terminal voltage to reduce the size of compensation electric current, when the result of comparative result VH, VL are 11, mend
Repay that electric current is too small, need to reduce current source compensating module input terminal voltage by DAC to increase the size of compensation electric current at this time, adjust
After whole driving voltage, repeat to integrate, until the result of comparative result VH, VL are 10, compensate electric current and background current at this time
Error stops integration, background current result of calculation is deposited into corresponding ROM address locations within the threshold voltage of setting
In, then by the pixel row of compensation plus 1, same operation is carried out to next column pixel, until completing to all pixel backgrounds electricity
The calculating of stream, finally puts 1, pixel background current calculating process terminates by compensation flag bit Ready.In theory comparative result VH,
It impossible be 01 that the result of VL, which is, for the integrality of state machine, set mistake examination and treatment mechanism, possible to tackle
Hardware error.
Claims (3)
1. one kind has the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current, it is characterised in that：Including current source compensating module, self-complementary
Control module, interface module and peripheral circuit are repaid, interface module includes first comparator COM1, the second comparator COM2 and DAC,
Current source compensating module is controlled by the DAC of interface module, there is provided the compensation electric current identical with focal plane arrays (FPA) background current size；
Self compensation control module calculates background current, and drives DAC module output control voltage according to optimal control value；Interface
The first comparator COM1 of module and the second comparator COM2 encode background current, and self compensation control module includes self-complementary
Module, ROM and control circuit are repaid, self compensation module is connected with ROM and control circuit respectively, and ROM is connected with control circuit, self-complementary
Repay module and read the output valve for meeting first comparator COM1 and the second comparator COM2 judgment criteria, be stored in ROM, control
The output valve that circuit is transferred in ROM carries out feedback regulation to background compensation electric current；Peripheral circuit includes the first reference voltage chip
U1, the second reference voltage chip U2 and exterior sequential main control chip U3, the first reference voltage chip connection first comparator COM1
For anode to provide benchmark high threshold voltage, the second reference voltage chip connects the second comparator COM2 anodes to provide benchmark low threshold
Threshold voltage, exterior sequential main control chip U3 connection control circuits, to produce sequential needed for driving infrared focal plane array work
Signal and circuit operating pattern control signal.
2. a kind of control method with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current based on described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that method and step is as follows：
After initialization, the level decision of the MODE pins selected according to user is self-complementary with background current for step 1, control circuit
The operating mode for the infrared reading circuit repaid, as MODE=1, is compensation model, is transferred to step 2；As MODE=0, to read
Pattern, is transferred to step 6；
Step 2, control circuit put 1 by flag bit CMODE is compensated, and subsequent control circuit concedes bus control right so that self compensation
Module obtains the control to pixel and integrator, is transferred to step 3；
Step 3, self compensation module are started to work, and carry out background current calculating to all pixels of array, and result of calculation is deposited
Enter into ROM, to be called during readout mode to it, access step 4；
Step 4, when all pixels background current calculate after the completion of, by READY mark positions 1, be transferred to step 5；
Step 5, when control circuit inquire READY flag bits for 1 when, then switchback bus control right, while compensate complement mark
Position CSTATE is set to 1, reminds user to compensate and completes；
Step 6, control circuit are read according to the digital sequential of driving needed for the work of focal plane, before being read to each pixel,
Need to read its background current value according to the corresponding ROM addresses of the pixel, then control output to carry out background current benefit by DAC
Repay.
3. the control method according to claim 2 with the self-compensating infrared reading circuit of background current, its feature exist
In：In above-mentioned steps 3, background current computational methods are as follows：
Step 3-1, to self compensation module initialization, it is transferred to step 3-2；
Step 3-2, the pixel that selection needs to calculate background current is integrated, and is transferred to step 3-3；
Step 3-3, integral result is assessed by threshold method after the completion of integrating：
Integral result is passed through into first comparator COM1 and threshold voltage VREFHIt is compared, while integral result is passed through second
Comparator COM2 threshold voltages VREFLIt is compared, VREFHFor upper threshold voltage, VREFLFor bottom threshold voltage, tied when comparing
When the result of fruit VH, VL are 00, compensation electric current is excessive, needs to increase current source compensating module input terminal voltage by DAC at this time
To reduce the size of compensation electric current, when the result of comparative result VH, VL are 11, compensation electric current is too small, needs to pass through DAC at this time
Reduce current source compensating module input terminal voltage to increase the size of compensation electric current, after adjusting driving voltage, repeat to integrate,
Until the result of comparative result VH, VL are 10, electric current and background current error are compensated at this time within the threshold voltage of setting, is stopped
Only integrate, background current result of calculation is deposited into corresponding ROM address locations, then by the pixel row of compensation plus 1, be transferred to
Step 3-4；
Step 3-4, return to step 3-2, integrates next column pixel, until completing the meter to all pixel background currents
Calculate.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109000805A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-14 | 北方广微科技有限公司 | Un-cooled infrared focal plane array |
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