CN107989616A - The method for exploiting stone ore - Google Patents
The method for exploiting stone ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN107989616A CN107989616A CN201711217545.8A CN201711217545A CN107989616A CN 107989616 A CN107989616 A CN 107989616A CN 201711217545 A CN201711217545 A CN 201711217545A CN 107989616 A CN107989616 A CN 107989616A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
Abstract
The invention belongs to stone mining technical field, specifically provides a kind of method for exploiting stone material.Present invention seek to address that the problem of aspects such as stone mining efficiency is low, cost of winning is high.The method of the exploitation stone material of the present invention includes providing pillar hydraulic pressure in hole and splits stone implement；The first operation hole and first foundation hole are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, and the first operation hole and first foundation hole enclose and be set as setting shape；Pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is split into pillar hydraulic pressure in the corresponding first operation hole Zhong Bingshi holes of first group of expansion tube insertion of stone implement and splits stone implement action, so that spalling goes out to set the first stone material to be removed of shape on matrix to be exploited；Second scope of freedom that there is angle with first scope of freedom is formed on matrix to be exploited, the first stone material to be removed is removed through second scope of freedom.Therefore, the production efficiency of stone material and the security of construction are improved by the method for the exploitation stone material of the present invention, while saved cost of winning, reduced environmental disruption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stone ore production technique field, specifically provides a kind of method for exploiting stone material.
Background technology
The recovery method of stone digging mainly includes two kinds of blasting excavation method and non-blasting mining method, its borehole blasting is opened
Mining method is the exploitation that stone material is realized by way of the explosive blasting installed in powder charge intraocular.On the one hand since blasting procedure is to stone
The breaking-up ratio of material is big, therefore reduces mass output rate, on the other hand blasting excavation method meeting in the case of explosive improper use
Damaged there are some potential safety problems, and to surrounding environment, therefore forbid using blasting excavation method substantially at present
Exploit stone material.
Non-blasting mining method manually wedges method, flame-cutting, diamond wire saw including traditional drilling rock drilling
Patterning method, track wheel disc saw cut method and static fracturing agents spalling method.Wherein, it is logical that method is manually wedged in traditional drilling rock drilling
The mode for crossing artificial round rock drilling realizes that the spalling to stone material ore body is exploited.Flame-cutting is to stone material using flame cutting machine
Ore body carries out cutting exploitation.Diamond wire saw patterning method is by driven by power diamond wire saw cutting stone material ore body
So as to fulfill the exploitation of stone ore.The operating principle of track wheel disc saw cut method is：Track is laid with stone material ore body, in orbit
Wheel disc evidence is disposed, realizes to cut stone material ore body by way of driven by power wheel disc evidence and exploits.Static fracturing agents spalling method is led to
Cross and be filled in the static fracturing agents spalling of powder charge intraocular and crush the mode of stone material ore body and realize the exploitation of stone material.
In foregoing non-blasting mining method, the production efficiency of method and static fracturing agents spalling method is manually wedged in drilling rock drilling
It is low.Flame-cutting, diamond wire saw patterning method and track wheel disc saw cut method in the construction process there are noise it is big,
The defects of dust weight, require Active workings height, to certain limitation that is cut with of stone material ore body, and needs lasting water
Electricity suppl.In addition, non-blasting mining method the defects of also generally existing cost of winning is high.
Correspondingly, this area needs a kind of method of new exploitation stone material to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
It has been the sides such as solution stone mining efficiency is low, cost of winning is high to solve the above problem of the prior art
The problem of face, the present invention provides a kind of method for exploiting stone material, this method includes：Pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is provided and splits stone implement, institute
Stating pillar hydraulic pressure in hole and splitting stone implement includes first group of expansion gear；The first hole is formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited
Group, first hole group include and several matched the first operation holes of first group of expansion gear；In matrix to be exploited
First scope of freedom on form several first foundation holes, and the first operation hole and the first foundation hole are arranged to
Enclose the setting shape for being set as allowing stone material to be peeled off from described matrix；The first foundation hole is kept for dummy status and by described first
Group expansion gear is inserted into the corresponding first operation hole, and pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole is split stone implement action, to make
State the first stone material to be removed that spalling on matrix to be exploited goes out the setting shape.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, formed and the described first free mask on matrix to be exploited
There is second scope of freedom of angle；The described first stone material to be removed is set to remove described matrix via second scope of freedom.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, " several first foundation holes are formed on matrix to be exploited,
And the first operation hole and the first foundation hole are arranged to enclose and are set as allowing the setting shape peeled off from described matrix "
The step of further comprise：Form at least two first foundation hole groups on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, described
One basic hole group includes at least one first foundation hole, and line of the first foundation hole group on first scope of freedom
It is not parallel with line of first hole group on first scope of freedom.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, " several first foundation holes are formed on matrix to be exploited,
And the first operation hole and the first foundation hole are arranged to enclose and are set as allowing the setting shape peeled off from described matrix "
The step of further comprise：Line of several described the first operation holes of first hole group on first scope of freedom be in
Straight line, the both ends of first hole group are respectively arranged with a first foundation hole group, will pass through the first hole group, first foundation hole
Group and second scope of freedom form the first stone material to be removed of prism structure on matrix to be exploited.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, line of two groups of first foundation holes on first scope of freedom
Be straight line, and line of two groups of first foundation holes on first scope of freedom it is parallel to each other and with it is described several
Line of the one operation hole on first scope of freedom is vertical.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, stone implement is split using pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole and waits to exploit described
Matrix on formed first scope of freedom and or second scope of freedom.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and further includes second group of expansion in the hole
Device, after " the described first stone material to be removed is removed described matrix via second scope of freedom ", the method is also wrapped
Include：The second hole group is formed on first scope of freedom of the matrix to be exploited, second hole group includes and described second group
Several matched the second operation holes of expansion gear；Formed on first scope of freedom of the matrix to be exploited several second
Basic hole, and the second operation hole and the second basic hole are arranged to enclose and are set as allowing stone material to peel off from described matrix
Setting shape；Second group of expansion gear is inserted into the corresponding second operation hole and makes pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole
Stone implement action is split, to make spalling on the matrix to be exploited go out the second stone material to be removed of the setting shape, in repetition
Step is stated, until the stone material of described matrix is produced and finishes.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and further includes the 3rd group of expansion in the hole
Device, it is described before or after " the described first stone material to be removed is removed described matrix via second scope of freedom "
Method further includes：On the described first stone material to be removed formed the 3rd hole group, the 3rd hole group include with described 3rd group it is swollen
Several matched the 3rd operation holes of swollen device；The 3rd group of expansion gear is inserted into the corresponding 3rd operation hole simultaneously
Pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole is set to split stone implement action, to make the described first stone material spalling to be removed be readily transported or process for polylith
Stone material.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, first group of expansion gear, second group of expansion gear
Include expansion housing and the expansion tube being arranged in the expanding shell body, and the expansion with the 3rd group of expansion gear
Housing is two-flap type structure.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned recovery method, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and is configured with oil pressure pump in the hole, institute
State the oil pressure pump that oil pressure pump drives for manual drive or external connection power, and/or using drilling machine formed the first foundation hole,
Described second basic hole, the first operation hole, the second operation hole and/or the 3rd operation hole.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that in the preferred technical solution of the present invention, by providing pillar in hole
Hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and first scope of freedom is formed on matrix to be exploited, and is formed on first scope of freedom and pillar hydraulic pressure in hole
Several the first operation holes and first foundation hole that stone implement is associated are split, realizes to use and splits mining operations of the stone implement to stone material.
Wherein, first foundation hole is mainly used as the freedom " face " during stone material spalling, and the spalling for stone material is provided mobile and peeled off empty
Between.Specifically, the cooperation of stone implement, the first operation hole and first foundation hole is split by pillar hydraulic pressure in hole, can wait to exploit
Matrix on formed setting shape the first stone material to be removed.
By taking stone material ore deposit as an example, second that there is angle with first scope of freedom can be formed on matrix to be exploited freely
Face, afterwards removes the first stone material to be removed through second scope of freedom.For example, first scope of freedom and second scope of freedom are mutually hung down
Directly, each first operation hole and first foundation hole are each perpendicular to first scope of freedom, several the first operation holes are in same plane
Interior, first foundation hole includes two rows parallel to each other, and often ranked first basic hole and be in same plane.And two rows of first foundations
Hole is respectively arranged between second scope of freedom and the first operation hole, so as to form substantially cuboid on matrix to be exploited
First stone material to be removed.
For stone material ore deposit, on the basis of the first stone material to be removed removes, the matrix for treating exploitation carries out further
Mining operations.Specifically, by newly being formed and several the second operation holes and that to split stone implement associated of pillar hydraulic pressure in hole
Two basic holes, you can with matrix to be exploited spalling go out the second stone material to be removed.For example, with the first stone material to be removed
The right side section formed on matrix is the newly-increased scope of freedom, by continuing the second operation hole in the right in the first operation hole, second
Shape is in a row between the right end in operation hole and second scope of freedom increases parallel the second basic hole in the scope of freedom with right side newly, you can is formed
The size and dimension second to be removed stone material roughly the same with the first stone material ore deposit to be removed.This process is repeated, until having exploited
Finish.
As can be seen that by the setting on the scope of freedom, operation hole and basic hole, more regular and complete stone can be produced
Material, reduces the destruction to stone material ore deposit in recovery process, improves the efficiency of exploitation stone material ore deposit, reduces cost of winning.
Also, due in hole pillar hydraulic pressure split stone implement flexible arrangement it is easy for construction and hardly produce fixation occupation of land face
Product, and water and lasting supply of electric power (simply needing a small amount of energy in drilling) is not required, surrounding environment is not destroyed, safety
Property is good.Therefore the mines such as foregoing stone material ore deposit can be comfortably coped with since traffic and harsh environmental conditions, water shortage are without originals such as electricity
The problem of in terms of because of caused traffic and construction development, substantially reduce the infrastructure investment early period cost of stone material ore deposit, tool
There are good market prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described with reference to the accompanying drawings and mainly in combination with stone material ore deposit, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole；
Fig. 2A is the first schematic diagram of the expansion housing for the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole；
Fig. 2 B are the second schematic diagrames of the expansion housing for the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole；
Fig. 2 C are the 3rd schematic diagrames of the expansion housing for the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram one of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the matrix to be exploited of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is one kind of the first hole group and first foundation hole group in the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic layout pattern；
Fig. 6 is the flow diagram two of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of cloth of the second hole group and the second basic hole in the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention
Office's schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the flow diagram three of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals list：
1st, hydraulic power source；2nd, expansion gear；21st, two-flap type expansion housing；22nd, three-clove style expansion housing；23rd, fFour piece type expands
Housing；3rd, energy distributor；4th, hydraulic tube；5th, pre-manufactured hole；6th, matrix；7th, first scope of freedom；8th, second scope of freedom；9th, first makees
Industry hole；90th, the second operation hole；10th, first foundation hole；100th, the second basic hole.
Embodiment
It will be apparent to a skilled person that this section embodiment is used only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention,
It is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Although for example, the present embodiment be with reference to stone material ore deposit come describe the present invention stone ore
Recovery method, but the stone ore recovery method of the present invention can be also used for exploiting that other ore bodies are larger, need block exploitation
Hard brittle non-metallic ore body, those skilled in the art as needed can make adjustment it, to adapt to specific applied field
Close.Obviously, the technical solution after adjustment will fall into protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ",
The term of the direction indication such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " or position relationship is to be based on direction shown in the drawings or position relationship, this is only
Description is for only for ease of, rather than instruction or hint described device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific side
Position construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for
Purpose is described, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In addition it is also necessary to explanation, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integratedly
Connection；Can mechanically connect or be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary,
It can be the connection inside two elements.To those skilled in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term exists as the case may be
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole.With reference to Fig. 1, pillar hydraulic pressure is split in hole
Stone implement mainly includes hydraulic power source 1, expansion gear 2, energy distributor 3 and hydraulic tube 4.Energy distributor 3 is connected by hydraulic tube 4
It is connected between hydraulic power source 1 and expansion gear 2.It should be pointed out that in order to clearly illustrate be arranged on it is swollen in rock to be cracked
Swollen device 2, is shown as rock in Fig. 1 and is broken away along its pre-manufactured hole 5, and for the ease of indicating attached drawing, does not draw rock
Hatching line, but expansion gear 2 is not splitted correspondingly along the hatching line.As shown in Figure 1, split when lapicide makees, it is necessary to first
The prefabricated pre-manufactured hole 5 equal with the quantity of expansion gear 2 on rock, correspondingly sets an expansion dress in each hole 5
Put 2.Being sized and shaped to for pre-manufactured hole 5 is similar to expansion gear 2, so that expansion gear 2 can be smooth before inflation
It is contained in hole 5, and with regard to the hole wall of pre-manufactured hole 5 can be extruded after somewhat expanding.A kind of example is such as used as, is shown in Fig. 1
Stone equipment of splitting there are 4 expansion gears 2, but it is understood that, those skilled in the art can be according to actual conditions to split
Stone equipment selects the expansion gear of different numbers.Hydraulic power source 1 is used to provide fluid under pressure for expansion gear 2；And preferably, liquid
Potential source 1 is the hydraulic power source of manual actuation or the hydraulic power source of external connection power driving, and hydraulic tube 4 is high-pressure oil pipe.When hydraulic power source 1 is hand
During the hydraulic power source of dynamic driving, energy distributor 3 is connected on hydraulic power source by hydraulic tube 4 first, is then again led to expansion gear 2
Hydraulic tube 4 is crossed to be connected on energy distributor 3.When hydraulic power source of the hydraulic power source 1 for external connection power driving, energy distributor 3 can
To be built in the hydraulic power source of external connection power driving, so as to save the link of connection oil pressure conduction, improve work efficiency.Tool
Body, fluid under pressure divides hydraulic fluid port respectively through liquid from hydraulic power source 1 through hydraulic tube 4 to energy distributor 3, then from energy distributor 3
The partial pressure pipe of pressure pipe 4 is to expansion gear 2.It should be pointed out that what all parts in Fig. 1 were not necessarily drawn to scale.In order to
It can preferably show details, the illustrated dimensions of expansion gear 2 are exaggerated.Therefore, in attached drawing between all parts
Illustrated dimensions, which are not intended as, to be implied or is limited to the size and relative size of component.
As shown in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, Fig. 2A is the expansion housing for the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole
First schematic diagram, Fig. 2 B are the second schematic diagrames of the expansion housing for the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole, and Fig. 2 C are holes
Interior pillar hydraulic pressure splits the 3rd schematic diagram of the expansion housing of the expansion gear of stone implement.With reference to Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, pillar in hole
The expansion gear that hydraulic pressure splits stone implement includes expansion housing and expansion tube.Specifically, expansion housing can be two-flap type expansion housing
21 either three-clove style expansion housing 22 either fFour piece type expansion housing 23 or more multi-clove type expansion shell structure.Splitting stone
In the state of device assembles, more valves expansion housing of expansion gear is symmetrically and evenly distributed, and forms cavity between them, swollen
Tube expansion is set in the cavity and against more valves expansion housing.Specifically, hydraulic pressure causes to expand tube swelling and to extrude more valves swollen
Swollen housing is faced out along axle center to move.Expansion housing produces operation hole wall mechanical swollen due to being limited be subject to operation hole inner wall
Swelling pressure power, when the hydraulic pressure in expansion tube is sufficiently large, expansion housing is also sufficiently large to the mechanical swelling pressure of operation hole inner wall, from
And reach the effect of spalling rock mass.
The method research and development of the exploitation stone ore of the present invention need to be familiar with the spalling mechanism that pillar hydraulic pressure in hole splits stone implement, Yi Jiyu
Other hydraulic pressure split the contrast of stone implement；It is familiar with rock mechanics and rock engineering (explosion, well lane engineering)；It is familiar with specific engineering to appoint
Business, such as the defects of the geology of stone digging and geomorphologic characteristics, the exploitation requirement of stone material, existing production technique etc..Therefore this hair
The method of bright exploitation stone ore is to be developed in inventor after largely testing and overcoming larger technical difficulty.
For example, inventor is established using the basic hole of varying number by the use of FEM-software ANSYS is used as the spalling scope of freedom
Computation model, pillar hydraulic swelling technology force analysis in hole when Research foundation hole number is different, i.e., basic hole number difference
When finite element model solve result of calculation stress analysis.
By the first principal stress cloud atlas in the basic hole to varying number, equivalent stress nephanalysis, varying number is obtained
The first principal stress in basic hole, the maximum of equivalent stress and its there is position, thus：1st, basic hole number and spalling are found
The relation of effect；2nd, when first principal stress is more than the saturated uniaxial compressive strength value of rock, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in hole
Under the action of, rock can be by drawing crack easily；3rd, the relation of equivalent stress maximum and basic hole number is found；4th, due to etc.
Efficacy is much larger than the single shaft saturation tensile strength values (generally 7.0~25.0MPa) of rock, therefore pillar hydraulic pressure is split in hole
Under the action of stone implement, rock can be easily broken.
By the use of FEM-software ANSYS establish using variety classes rock, varying number basic hole (emptying aperture) as swollen
The computation model on the scope of freedom is split, obtains cloud atlas, the equivalent stress cloud atlas in the asynchronous first principal stress direction of Rock Species.Utilize
FEM-software ANSYS establishes the static spalling model of operation hole and basic hole (emptying aperture), passes through first principal stress field, the 3rd master
Stress field, displacement vector and cloud atlas, spalling mechanism of the analysis operation hole to basic hole (emptying aperture).Utilize FEM-software ANSYS
Establishing has the spalling model on second scope of freedom, and physical model is calculated, and show that rock material produces under function load action
Raw fractue spacing, realizes the process that pillar hydraulic pressure in hole splits rock crusher drawing crack during stone implement static state spalling of simulating, it was demonstrated that
Pillar hydraulic pressure splits validity in stone implement exploitation stone material etc. in hole.
As shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the flow diagram one of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention.With reference to figure
3, the method for exploitation stone material of the invention mainly includes the following steps that：
Step S10, pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is provided split stone implement, pillar hydraulic pressure, which splits stone implement and includes first group of expansion, in the hole fills
Put；
Step S20, the first hole group is formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, the first hole group includes and first group
Several matched the first operation holes of expansion gear；
Step S30, several first foundation holes, and the first operation hole are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited
It is arranged to enclose the setting shape for being set as allowing stone material to peel off from matrix with first foundation hole；
Step S40, first foundation hole is kept to be inserted into corresponding first operation hole for dummy status and by first group of expansion gear
In, and pillar hydraulic pressure is split stone implement action, so that spalling goes out to set the first to be removed of shape on matrix to be exploited
Stone material.
It should be noted that rock system hard brittle material has the evident characteristic that tensile strength is much smaller than compression strength.Mirror
In this, in the inventive solutions, the rock spalling technology of stone implement is split by using pillar hydraulic pressure in hole to complete stone material
Mining operations, it is clear that split that the expansion gear of stone implement overcomes during completing to exploit stone material is the tensile strength of rock,
Therefore exploitation difficulty substantially reduces, and production efficiency greatly improves immediately.
Specifically, under the action of hydraulic pressure, pillar hydraulic pressure splits the expansion gear of stone implement and produces turgor movement in hole, the
Under the close limitation of one operation hole inner wall, expansion tube produces the pressure perpendicular to the first operation hole inner wall, and acts on rock.With
Being continuously increased for the bulbs of pressure, the tension in rock constantly increases, and should for tangential draw on the first operation hole axle heart face
The superposition of power, makes the tension in axle center face maximum, becomes principal stress plane.And the turgor movement for expanding housing will further draw and answer
Power concentrates on the hole wall perpendicular to the expansion housing direction of motion.Perpendicular to the hole of the expansion housing direction of motion on drilling axle center face
Tension at wall reaches the radial cracking for when tensile strength of spalling rock, occurring certain length at this at first.With swollen
The continuous expansion of swelling pressure power, crackle will finally exist along the first operation hole axle heart face perpendicular to expansion tube shell direction of motion extension
The centre in axle center face is met perforation, the smooth plane of fracture is formed, so as to achieve the purpose that cutting and crushing.Pillar liquid in one hole
Pressure break stone implement can operate one group of expansion gear at the same time, and pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement with floor space is small, convenience is carried, behaviour in hole
Make that process is simple, expansive force is big, the advantages that water and lasting supply of electric power, therefore whole recovery process simple and flexible is not required,
Reduce the exploitation difficulty of stone material, improve production efficiency, while save cost of winning.Pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement swollen in hole
During splitting rock, without noise, slungshot and dust pollution.Therefore by the recovery method of the present invention, can make to wait to exploit
The quick spalling of matrix, separate stone material, and reduce the pollution during stone mining, recovery process more safely may be used
Lean on.
It should be noted that the execution sequence between above-mentioned step S10, step S20 and step S30 is intended only as one kind
Example, is not specific.Specifically, those skilled in the art can be replaced according to actual conditions between these three steps
Execution sequence, or these three steps are performed at the same time.
It should also be noted that, when matrix to be exploited is larger, the volume of the first stone material to be removed is larger or shape compared with
For pillar hydraulic pressure in more sets of holes can be used to split stone implement equipment during complicated stone material, construct at the same time on matrix to be exploited.Also,
In more sets of holes pillar hydraulic pressure split the specification of stone implement can be identical or different.
As shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of the matrix to be exploited of embodiment of the present invention.Reference Fig. 4, as
A kind of preferred, the method for exploitation stone material of the invention further includes：Formed on matrix 6 to be exploited has with first scope of freedom 7
Second scope of freedom 8 of angle；The first stone material to be removed is set to remove matrix via second scope of freedom 8.After removing matrix, stone material can
To be fritter stone material by the first further spalling of stone material to be removed according to the actual requirements.
Preferably, step S30 further comprises：
At least two first foundation hole groups are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, first foundation hole group includes
At least one first foundation hole, and line and first hole group of the first foundation hole group on first scope of freedom are on first scope of freedom
On line it is not parallel.
On the basis of (first, second) scope of freedom and the first operation hole, pass through at least two first foundation hole groups
Set, formation can be from the closing outer rim for the first stone material to be removed that the second scope of freedom spalling goes out.
Specifically, step S30 further comprises：
Several lines of the first operation hole on first scope of freedom of first hole group are linear, the both ends point of the first hole group
A first foundation hole group is not provided with, is waiting to exploit will pass through the first hole group, first foundation hole group and second scope of freedom
Matrix on formed prism structure the first stone material to be removed.
Specifically, as shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 be an embodiment of the present invention exploitation stone material method in the first hole group and
A kind of schematic layout pattern of first foundation hole group.With reference to Fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment, on first scope of freedom of matrix 6 to be exploited
Linear distributing first operation hole 9 and two groups of linear distributing first foundation holes 10, and the first operation hole 9 are formed on 7
Line of the line respectively with two groups of first foundation holes 10 on first scope of freedom 7 on first scope of freedom 7 is vertical.Pass through first
Two first foundation hole groups and second that the scope of freedom 7, the first hole group of the first operation hole 9 formation, first foundation hole 10 are formed are certainly
The plane where the bottom of 8 combined hole group of face encloses the first stone material to be removed for being set as substantially rectangular parallelepiped structure.In this way
Setting, the spalling for being conducive to improve stone material peels off effect, while improves the production efficiency and utilization rate of stone material.
It should be noted that the first operation hole, first foundation hole and (first, second) described in the present embodiment are freely
The structure type and layout type in face are a kind of example, it is impossible to are interpreted as the layout in the operation hole and basic hole to the present invention
The limitation of mode.Those skilled in the art can be adjusted it according to actual conditions, the line in such as two first foundation holes
For oblique line, correspondingly, from the direction on first scope of freedom, the first stone material to be removed is trapezoidal.
As a preferred embodiment, can split stone implement using pillar hydraulic pressure in hole forms foregoing first on matrix to be exploited
The scope of freedom and or second scope of freedom.
Specifically, peel off coating and earth's surface crush with low-quality ore body so that formation is horizontal on matrix to be exploited
First scope of freedom in direction and second scope of freedom of vertical direction.When peeling off coating and earth's surface is crushed with low-quality ore body,
The surface rock larger to volume, splitting clear shifting, broken operation process after stone implement crushes using pillar hydraulic pressure in hole can be：
Operation hole group is formed on the larger surface rock of volume, the expansion gear that pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is split to stone implement is inserted into corresponding operation
In hole, act expansion gear expansion, the scope of freedom direction spalling by stone material to setting.
As shown in fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the flow diagram two of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention.With reference to figure
6, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and further includes second group of expansion gear in hole, still by taking stone material ore deposit as an example, is removed in the first stone material to be removed
On the basis of, it is necessary to which the matrix for treating exploitation carries out further mining operations.Therefore " the first stone material to be removed is made via second
The scope of freedom removes matrix " after, the method for exploitation stone material of the invention further includes：
Step S50, the second hole group is formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, the second hole group includes and second group
Several matched the second operation holes of expansion gear；
Step S60, several the second basic holes, and the second operation hole are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited
It is arranged to enclose the setting shape for being set as allowing stone material to peel off from matrix with the second basic hole；
Step S70, second group of expansion gear is inserted into pillar hydraulic pressure in corresponding second operation hole Zhong Bingshi holes and splits stone implement
Action, to make spalling on matrix to be exploited go out to set the second stone material to be removed of shape；
Repeat step S50 to S70, until the stone material of matrix is produced and finishes.As can be seen that stone material to be removed is via second
After the scope of freedom removes matrix, continue to repeat these steps on remaining matrix, more stone materials to be removed can be formed, i.e.,
The stone material being extracted.Whole recovery process is easy to operate, and spalling process is shockproof, noise, dust and slungshot, construction are pacified
Entirely.Furthermore, it is possible to which splitting stone implement only with pillar hydraulic pressure in a hole completes above-mentioned exploitation, can also introduce according to the actual requirements
Pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement in Duo Tai holes, while constructs on multiple matrixes to be exploited.Pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement construction spirit in hole
It is living, there is good adaptability.
It should be noted that the execution sequence between step S50 and step S60 is intended only as a kind of example, it is not spy
Fixed.Specifically, those skilled in the art can replace the execution sequence between the two steps according to actual conditions, or
It is to perform the two steps at the same time.
It should also be noted that, (first, second) operation hole group Yu second scope of freedom spacing farther out in the case of, i.e.,
(first, second) in the case that the thickness of stone material to be removed is larger, spalling may cause (first, second) stone to be removed when removing
Material occurs broken.Therefore, can be to be removed at (first, second) in order to ensure the integrality of (first, second) stone material to be removed
The bottom of stone material increases certain scope of freedom.Wherein, increasing the method on the scope of freedom can be, in (first, second) stone to be removed
The lower part basis of formation hole on second scope of freedom of material and operation hole, split stone implement, basic hole and operation hole by pillar hydraulic pressure in hole
Cooperation form the newly-increased scope of freedom in the bottom of (first, second) stone material to be removed.Or pass through the hands such as pneumatic pick, static fracturing agents
Section is formed.
As shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the second hole group and the second basis in the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention
A kind of schematic layout pattern in hole.With reference to Fig. 7, as a preferred embodiment, forming several the second operation holes on matrix 6 to be exploited
90 and several second basic holes 100.The second hole group that several the second operation holes 90 are formed on first scope of freedom 7 is in straight
Line.The second basic hole group that several second basic holes 100 are formed on first scope of freedom 7 is also linear.And the second hole group
The straight line that the straight line of formation is formed with the second basic hole group is mutually perpendicular to.The expansion gear expansion in the second operation hole is acted,
Spalling separates second piece substantially in the regular stone material of rectangular shape.
It should be noted that the layout type in the operation hole and basic hole described in the present embodiment is a kind of example, no
It is understood that the limitation of the layout type for the operation hole to the present invention and basic hole.Those skilled in the art can be according to actual feelings
Condition is adjusted the layout type in operation hole and basic hole.
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 is the flow diagram three of the method for the exploitation stone material of an embodiment of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 8, pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and further includes the 3rd group of expansion gear in hole, " make the first stone material to be removed via second from
Matrix is removed by face " before or after, the method for exploitation stone material of the invention further includes：
Step S80, the 3rd hole group is formed on the first stone material to be removed, the 3rd hole group includes and the 3rd group of expansion gear
Several the 3rd operation holes matched somebody with somebody；
Step S90, the 3rd group of expansion gear is inserted into pillar hydraulic pressure in the Zhong Bingshi holes of corresponding 3rd operation hole and splits stone implement
Action, to make the first stone material ore deposit spalling to be removed be the stone material that polylith is readily transported or processes.
As can be seen that when the stone material ore body to be removed product that spalling is stripped out is larger, can be in stone material ore deposit to be removed
Further carry out spalling.After being multiple less stone material ore deposits to be removed by stone material ore deposit spalling to be removed, then carried.Obviously
Can be after stone material ore deposit to be removed be moved out of matrix, then spalling is carried out, it is divided into the stone material that polylith is readily transported or processes.
It should be noted that first group of expansion gear, second group of expansion gear and the 3rd group of expansion gear can be identical
One group of expansion gear the expansion gear of different spalling operation or different groups is completed in the different construction stages.Ability
Field technique personnel can judge according to actual conditions and select expansion gear.
As a preferred embodiment, the basic hole of the first operation hole, the second operation hole, the 3rd operation hole, first foundation hole and second
Aperture it is equal.The expansion gear and drill bit for replacing different-diameter in the construction process are avoided, improves the efficiency of exploitation.It is aobvious
So, the aperture in the basic hole of the first operation hole, the second operation hole, the 3rd operation hole, first foundation hole and second can not also be same.Can
With understanding, those skilled in the art can select to make according to the hardness of matrix to be exploited with volume of object etc. is exploited
Industry hole and the aperture in basic hole.
It should be noted that the spacing in basic hole is smaller, the scope of freedom that basic hole is formed is bigger, is more conducive to exploit stone
Material；The spacing in operation hole is smaller, is more conducive to exploit, and the stone material exploited is more smooth；Operation pitch-row from second scope of freedom away from
From shorter, be more conducive to exploit stone material.Those skilled in the art can select according to the hardness of matrix and the volume of exploitation object
Between basic hole, between operation hole and operation hole and the spacing between basic hole.
As a preferred embodiment, the depth in operation hole is more than or equal to the length of expansion gear, the depth in basic hole is more than or equal to
The depth in operation hole.When the depth in basic hole is set greater than the depth in operation hole, be conducive to the exploitation of stone material.
As a preferred embodiment, first group of expansion gear, second group of expansion gear and the 3rd group of expansion gear include expansion
Housing and the expansion tube being arranged in expanding shell body, and it is two-flap type structure to expand housing.Preferably, two-flap type is expanded
The housing interface of housing is arranged in parallel to second scope of freedom.Setting in this way, can realize the orientation spalling of stone material,
And two-flap type expanding shell body can be such that the bulbs of pressure more concentrate, and spalling effect is good.Therefore in order to improve the effect of exploitation stone material ore deposit
Rate, in the exploitation of stone material ore deposit, used expansion housing is two-flap type expansion housing, and expands housing and operation hole
Hole wall non-angular comes into full contact with.Obviously, it can also be the multi-clove type structure more than two valves to expand housing.It is understood that this
Field technology personnel can be according to exploitation object and the suitable expansion housing of the actual conditions of operation selection.
It should be noted that between expansion gear and operation hole there are gap in the case of, can expansion gear with
Thin curved metal gasket is placed between operation hole, to improve spalling effect.
As a preferred embodiment, in hole pillar hydraulic pressure split stone implement hydraulic power source can be external connection power driving oil pressure pump or
Hand-driven oil pressure pump, and/or first foundation hole, the second basic hole, the first operation hole, the second work are formed using drilling machine
Industry hole and/or the 3rd operation hole.Such as drilling machine can be hydraulic drill rig, down-the-hole drill or air drill.In mining operations
Amount it is smaller or without external connection power under conditions of, hand-driven oil pressure pump can be used.Mining operations amount it is larger or
When construction time is urgent, the oil pressure pump of external connection power driving can be used.Obviously, the oil pressure pump of external connection power driving is than manually driving
Dynamic oil pressure pump is efficient, therefore in order to improve the efficiency of exploitation stone material ore deposit, a kind of scheme being more highly preferred to is pillar liquid in hole
The hydraulic power source of pressure break stone implement is the oil pressure pump of external connection power driving.
By foregoing description as can be seen that the method for the exploitation stone material of the present invention mainly includes：Pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is provided
Stone implement and first scope of freedom of formation above matrix to be exploited are split, is formed on first scope of freedom and pillar hydraulic pressure in hole
The first operation hole and first foundation hole that stone implement is associated are split, realizes to use and splits mining operations of the stone implement to stone material.Wherein,
One basic hole is mainly used as the freedom " face " during stone material ore deposit spalling, and mobile and peeling space is provided for the spalling of stone material ore deposit.
Specifically, the cooperation of stone implement, the first operation hole and first foundation hole is split by pillar hydraulic pressure in hole, can be in base to be exploited
The first stone material to be removed of setting shape is formed on body.There is angle with first scope of freedom by being formed on matrix to be exploited
Second scope of freedom, the first stone material to be removed is removed through second scope of freedom.Stone implement, the second operation are split by pillar hydraulic pressure in hole
Hole and the cooperation in the second basic hole, can on the basis of the first stone material to be removed removes, on matrix to be exploited spalling go out
Second stone material to be removed, repeats to exploit the process of the second stone material to be removed, until to be exploited on remaining matrix to be exploited
The stone material of matrix, which is produced, to be finished.By the setting on the scope of freedom, operation hole and basic hole, can produce more regular and complete
Stone material, reduce the pollution produced in recovery process and the destruction to stone material, resource and surrounding environment, improve exploitation
The efficiency of stone material, reduces cost of winning.
So far, the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings technical solution that the invention has been described, still, this area are had been combined
Technical staff is it is easily understood that protection scope of the present invention is expressly not limited to these embodiments.Without departing from this
On the premise of the principle of invention, those skilled in the art can make correlation technique feature equivalent change or replacement, these
Technical solution after changing or replacing it is fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method for exploiting stone material, it is characterised in that this method includes：Pillar hydraulic pressure in hole is provided and splits stone implement, pillar hydraulic pressure, which splits stone implement, in the hole includes first group of expansion gear；The first hole group is formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, first hole group includes and first group of expansion Several matched the first operation holes of device；Several first foundation holes, and the first operation hole and described are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited One basic hole is arranged to enclose the setting shape for being set as allowing stone material to peel off from described matrix；The first foundation hole is kept to be inserted into the corresponding first operation hole for dummy status and by first group of expansion gear In, and pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole is split stone implement action, to make spalling on the matrix to be exploited go out the setting shape The first stone material to be removed.
- 2. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the method further includes：Second scope of freedom that there is angle with first scope of freedom is formed on matrix to be exploited；The described first stone material to be removed is set to remove described matrix via second scope of freedom.
- 3. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that " formed on matrix to be exploited some A first foundation hole, and the first operation hole and the first foundation hole are arranged to enclose and are set as allowing to shell from described matrix The step of setting shape fallen ", further comprises：At least two first foundation hole groups are formed on first scope of freedom of matrix to be exploited, first foundation hole group includes At least one first foundation hole, andLine of the first foundation hole group on first scope of freedom is with first hole group on first scope of freedom Line it is not parallel.
- 4. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that " formed on matrix to be exploited some A first foundation hole, and the first operation hole and the first foundation hole are arranged to enclose and are set as allowing to shell from described matrix The step of setting shape fallen ", further comprises：Line of several described the first operation holes of first hole group on first scope of freedom is linear, and described first The both ends of hole group are respectively arranged with a first foundation hole group, will pass through the first hole group, first foundation hole group and second certainly The first stone material to be removed of prism structure is formed on matrix to be exploited by face.
- 5. it is according to claim 4 exploitation stone material method, it is characterised in that two groups of first foundation holes described first from It is straight line by the line on face, andLine of two groups of first foundation holes on first scope of freedom it is parallel to each other and with several described the first operation holes Line on first scope of freedom is vertical.
- 6. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that stone implement is split using pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole Formed on the matrix to be exploited first scope of freedom and or second scope of freedom.
- 7. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and also wraps in the hole Second group of expansion gear is included, after " the described first stone material to be removed is removed described matrix via second scope of freedom ", The method further includes：The second hole group is formed on first scope of freedom of the matrix to be exploited, second hole group includes and described second group Several matched the second operation holes of expansion gear；Several the second basic holes, and the second operation hole and institute are formed on first scope of freedom of the matrix to be exploited The second basic hole is stated to be arranged to enclose the setting shape for being set as allowing stone material to peel off from described matrix；Second group of expansion gear is inserted into the corresponding second operation hole and pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole is split stone implement Action, to make spalling on the matrix to be exploited go out second stone material to be removed for setting shape, repeats the above steps, Until the stone material of described matrix is produced and finishes.
- 8. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and also wraps in the hole Include the 3rd group of expansion gear, " make the described first stone material to be removed via second scope of freedom remove described matrix " before or After person, the method further includes：The 3rd hole group is formed on the described first stone material to be removed, the 3rd hole group includes and the 3rd group of expansion gear Several the 3rd operation holes matched somebody with somebody；The 3rd group of expansion gear is inserted into the corresponding 3rd operation hole and pillar hydraulic pressure in the hole is split stone implement Action, to make the described first stone material spalling to be removed be the stone material that polylith is readily transported and processes.
- 9. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 8, it is characterised in that first group of expansion gear, described the Two groups of expansion gears and the 3rd group of expansion gear include expansion housing and the expansion tube being arranged in the expanding shell body, AndThe expansion housing is two-flap type structure.
- 10. the method for exploitation stone material according to claim 3, it is characterised in that pillar hydraulic pressure splits stone implement and matches somebody with somebody in the hole Oil pressure pump is equipped with, the oil pressure pump is manual drive or the oil pressure pump of external connection power driving, and/or forms institute using drilling machine State first foundation hole, second basic hole, the first operation hole, the second operation hole and/or the 3rd operation hole.
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| CN201711217545.8A CN107989616A (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | The method for exploiting stone ore |
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| CN201711217545.8A CN107989616A (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | The method for exploiting stone ore |
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| CN109653747A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-19 | 能诚集团有限公司 | Ore self-open decomposition method |
| CN110524725A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 郴州德瑞福机械设备有限公司 | Stone material tunnel recovery method and its equipment and the back face of stone cutter device exploited for stone material tunnel |
| CN113202483A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-03 | 中煤科工能源科技发展有限公司 | Roadway tunneling method and device and electronic equipment |
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