CN107982806B

CN107982806B - Lifesaving equipment

Info

Publication number: CN107982806B
Application number: CN201711470793.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张瀚文
Original assignee: Rizhao Qingchuang Intellectual Property Service Center
Current assignee: RIZHAO QINGCHUANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SERVICE CENTER
Priority date: 2017-12-29
Filing date: 2017-12-29
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-29
Also published as: CN107982806A; CN111202918B; CN111202918A

Abstract

The invention discloses a lifesaving device, which belongs to the field of lifesaving devices and is characterized in that: the safety belt is arranged on the front surface of the back plate, the back plate is tied on the back of a human body through the safety belt, and the winding drum and the gear box are arranged on the back surface of the back plate; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope is used for being connected to an indoor fixed object; the gear box is positioned at one end of the winding drum. Compared with the prior art have can assist the characteristics that stranded personnel flee fast.

Description

Lifesaving equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to a lifesaving device, in particular to a lifesaving device suitable for high-rise escape.

Background

In case of accidents such as fire disasters in occasions such as houses, schools, hospitals and the like, the people are difficult to evacuate in time in a short time. After a building suffers from fire, the fire easily spreads transversely and longitudinally, and is accompanied with a large amount of dense smoke, so that the escape from stairs or a fire elevator is easily disordered, and the trampling accident is caused.

At present, high-rise fire fighting mainly adopts modes such as scaling ladder, high-pressure water cannon fire extinguishing, helicopter fire extinguishing and the like, a fireman is difficult to go deep into a fire scene for rescue, and a large amount of physical power of the fireman is consumed in manual rescue, so that the success rate of rescue is reduced. Under the circumstances, the self-rescue ability of people trapped in the fire should be improved, and an escape tool is provided to help people trapped in the fire to save self, so that the escape tool is a necessary and effective escape means.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the invention is to provide a lifesaving device aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a life saving equipment characterized in that: the invention comprises a winding drum, a rope, a back plate, a safety belt and a gear box; the front surface of the back plate is provided with a safety belt, and the back surface of the back plate is provided with a winding drum and a gear box; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope is used for being connected to an indoor fixed object; the gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a box cover, a shell structure formed by surrounding a side plate of the winding drum and an internal structure of the shell structure, wherein the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure with an opening at the inner end coaxial with the winding drum; the spindle is arranged at the axes of the winding drum and the gear box, the spindle is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the winding drum can rotate around the spindle; the back plate is respectively fixedly connected with the main shaft and the box cover; the gear box is internally provided with a gear, a ratchet wheel, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a box body; an inner gear is arranged on the outer side face of the side plate where the gear box is arranged, the fixing plate is positioned in the cavity of the inner gear and close to the inner side, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; a first gear meshed with the internal gear is also arranged in the cavity of the internal gear; a second gear coaxial with the first gear is arranged on the outer side of the first gear, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than that of the first gear; the wheel shaft where the first gear and the second gear are located is fixedly connected with the first gear and is rotationally connected with the second gear, a circular cavity is formed in the middle of the second gear, an inner meshing ratchet mechanism is arranged in the circular cavity, ratchets are arranged on the side wall of the circular cavity, a disc is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft where the second gear is located, and the disc is connected with a pawl; a third gear meshed with the second gear is arranged beside the second gear, wherein the diameter of the third gear is smaller than that of the second gear; the outer side of the third gear is fixedly connected with a fourth gear which is coaxial with the third gear, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear is larger than that of the third gear; a fifth gear meshed with the fourth gear is arranged beside the fourth gear, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear; the two ends of the wheel axle where the first gear, the second gear and the third gear and the fourth gear are located are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the box cover, wherein the wheel axle where the first gear and the second gear are located is in a rotatable connection mode; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the fifth gear is located is fixedly connected with the box cover, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body which is coaxial with the fifth gear, a rotating block is arranged in the box body, a shaft where the fifth gear is located is a secondary shaft, the secondary shaft penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block, the rotating block can rotate around the secondary shaft, the side wall of the rotating block is connected with the side wall of the box body through a first spring, and a connecting point between the first spring and the box body is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block; a bar-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the box body is arranged in the middle of the rotating block, a sliding block is arranged in the cavity, and the sliding block can slide along the radial direction; the inner wall of the box body is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole is positioned at a corresponding position on the inner side of the sliding block, a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected in the inner side direction of the sliding block, and the cylindrical structure penetrates through the inner wall of the box body from the strip-shaped hole and is exposed out of the box body; the strip-shaped hole is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring is closer to the minor axis, and the other end far away from the first spring is farther from the minor axis; the extending end of the cylindrical structure exposed outside the box body is hinged with one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding groove rod; the sliding chute rod is matched and connected with the rocker, one side of the rocker is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively, so that the rocker forms a T-shaped section, and the sliding chute rod is provided with a sliding chute adaptive to the T-shaped section; the rack structure of the rocker is meshed with the sixth gear, the chute rod is hinged with a wheel shaft where the sixth gear is located, a balance weight is arranged at one end, far away from the sixth gear, of the rocker, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the seventh gear is located extends out of the box cover, a hand wheel is arranged at the extending end, a second spring is arranged between the hand wheel and the box cover, and the hand wheel and the seventh gear are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring; a clamping block capable of being inserted into the seventh gear is arranged on the inner side of the box cover, the seventh gear is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the clamping block is clamped into the seventh gear.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. the device can quickly escape from a high building;

2. the drop speed can be adjusted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the gear box of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an expanded view of the structures within the gearbox.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. For convenience of description, the roll center position of fig. 1 is assumed to be centered, the direction toward the roll center position is assumed to be inward, and the opposite direction is assumed to be outward.

In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention includes a spool, a rope 4, a back plate 7, a seat belt 32, and a gear case.

The front surface of the back plate 7 is provided with a safety belt 32, the back plate 7 is tied on the back of a human body through the safety belt 32, and the back surface of the back plate 7 is provided with a winding drum and a gear box.

The winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates 5 fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope 4 is fixed and wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope 4 is used for being connected with an indoor fixed object. The gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a shell structure and an internal structure, wherein the shell structure is formed by a box cover 3 and a side plate 5 of the winding drum in a surrounding mode, and the box cover 3 is a cylindrical shell structure with an inner end opening and the same axis as the winding drum. The reel and the gear box are provided with a spindle 6 at the axis, the spindle 6 is fixedly connected with the box cover 3, and the reel can rotate around the spindle 6. The back plate 7 is respectively fixedly connected with the main shaft 6 and the box cover 3.

The gear box is internally provided with gears, a connecting rod 25, a rocker 29, a fixed plate 9 and a box body 17.

An inner gear 8 is arranged on the outer side face of the side plate 5 where the gear box is located, the fixing plate 9 is located in the position, close to the inner side, in the cavity of the inner gear 8, and the fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6. A first gear 14 meshed with the internal gear 8 is further arranged in the cavity of the internal gear 8. The second gear 10 which is coaxial with the first gear 14 is arranged on the outer side of the first gear 14, and the diameter of the second gear 10 is larger than that of the first gear 14. The wheel shafts of the first gear 14 and the second gear 10 are fixedly connected with the first gear 14 and rotatably connected with the second gear 10, a circular cavity is arranged in the middle of the second gear 10 and is provided with an internal meshing ratchet mechanism, wherein the side wall of the circular cavity is provided with ratchets 12, the wheel shaft of the second gear 10 is fixedly provided with a disc 13, and the disc 13 is connected with a pawl 11. And a third gear 16 meshed with the second gear 10 is arranged beside the second gear 10, wherein the diameter of the third gear 16 is smaller than that of the second gear 10. The outer side of the third gear 16 is fixedly connected with a fourth gear 15 which is coaxial with the third gear 16, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear 15 is larger than that of the third gear 16. And a fifth gear 18 meshed with the fourth gear 15 is arranged beside the fourth gear 15, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear 18 is smaller than that of the fourth gear 15. The two ends of the wheel axle of the first gear 14, the second gear 10, the third gear 16 and the fourth gear 15 are respectively connected with the fixing plate 9 and the box cover 3, the fixing plate 9 and the box cover 3 are respectively provided with holes corresponding to the wheel axles, the end parts of the wheel axles are respectively positioned in the corresponding holes, and the wheel axle of the first gear 14 and the wheel axle of the second gear 10 can rotate along with the gears. The outer side end of the wheel shaft where the fifth gear 18 is located is fixedly connected with the box cover 3, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body 17 coaxial with the fifth gear 18, a rotating block 20 is arranged in the box body 17, the shaft where the fifth gear 18 is located is a secondary shaft 19, the secondary shaft 19 penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block 20, the rotating block 20 can rotate around the secondary shaft 19, the side wall of the rotating block 20 is connected with the side wall of the box body 17 through a first spring 24, and a connection point between the first spring 24 and the box body 17 is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block 20, namely the box body 17 pulls the rotating block 20 to rotate under the action of the first spring 24 during rotation. The middle of the rotating block 20 is provided with a strip-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the box body 17, a sliding block 23 is arranged in the cavity, and the sliding block 23 can slide along the radial direction. Be equipped with bar hole 21 on the box body 17 inner wall, bar hole 21 is located the inboard corresponding position of

slider

23, 23 inboard side direction on fixed connection cylindrical structure 22 of slider, cylindrical structure 22 pass box body 17 inner wall from bar hole 21, expose in the box body 17. The strip-shaped hole 21 is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring 24 is closer to the minor axis 19, and the other end far away from the first spring 24 is farther from the minor axis 19. Through the action of the strip-shaped hole 21 and the cylindrical structure 22, when the first spring 24 is shortened, the sliding block 23 is close to the secondary shaft 19, and when the first spring 24 is lengthened, the sliding block 23 is far away from the secondary shaft 19.

The extending end of the cylindrical structure 22 exposed out of the box body 17 is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 25, and the other end of the connecting rod 25 is hinged with a chute rod 26. The chute rod 26 is matched and connected with the rocker 29, one side of the rocker 29 is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker 29 opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively to enable the rocker 29 to form a T-shaped section, and the chute rod 26 is provided with a chute matched with the T-shaped section, so that the rocker 29 can freely slide along the length direction of the chute rod 26. The rack structure of the rocker 29 is meshed with the sixth gear 28, the chute rod 26 is hinged with the wheel shaft where the sixth gear 28 is located, a counterweight 27 is arranged at one end of the rocker 29, which is far away from the sixth gear 28, and the sixth gear 28 is meshed with the seventh gear 30. The outer side end of the wheel shaft where the seventh gear 30 is located extends out of the box cover 3, the extending end is provided with a hand wheel 1, a second spring 2 is arranged between the hand wheel 1 and the box cover 3, and the hand wheel 1 and the seventh gear 30 are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring 2. A fixture block 31 capable of being inserted into the seventh gear 30 is arranged on the inner side of the box cover 3, the seventh gear 30 is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the fixture block 31 is clamped into the seventh gear 30, so that the seventh gear 30 cannot rotate; when the hand wheel is used, the hand wheel 1 is pushed inwards to separate the seventh gear 30 from the clamping block 31, so that the seventh gear 30 can be rotated by rotating the hand wheel 1.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when an accident such as a fire occurs, the back plate 7 is tied to the back or the chest of a human body through the safety belt 32, and the end of the rope 4 is fixed indoors, for example, tied to an object which cannot fall out of a window such as a sickbed, a large cabinet and the like, and then jumps out of the window. When falling, the rope 4 drives the winding drum to rotate, the winding drum sequentially drives the first to fifth gears 18 and the box body 17 to rotate through the inner gear 8 on the outer side surface of the winding drum, the box body 17 drives the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 to swing through the connecting rod 25, the gravity of a human body is transmitted by the gears and then acts on the chute rod 26 through the connecting rod 25, the rocker 29 is driven to swing through the chute rod 26, when a certain acting force is acted on the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 through the connecting rod 25, the rocker 29 swings at a constant period, the gears also rotate at a stable speed, and therefore the human body can slowly fall at a constant speed without free falling motion, and escape personnel are prevented from being injured by falling.

In the present invention, the swinging speed of the rocker 29 is proportional to the half power of the force applied to the rocker, so that the relationship between the falling speed v of the human body and the weight G thereof is:

therefore, the influence of the weight of the human body on the falling speed of the human body is betterSmall, i.e. two persons of different weights falling at the same time by means of the invention, the difference in their falling speeds is not too great, but is further reduced by the action of the box 17. When the weight of a human body is larger, the falling speed of the human body is correspondingly increased, meanwhile, the stretching amount of the first spring 24 is larger, the rotating block 20 drives the sliding block 23 to move towards the direction far away from the first spring 24, the sliding block 23 is pushed towards the direction far away from the secondary shaft 19 under the action of the strip-shaped hole 21, the sliding block 23 rotates around the secondary shaft 19, the rotating radius of the sliding block 23 is increased after the sliding block 23 is far away from the secondary shaft 19, the acting force of the sliding block 23 on the connecting rod 25 is relatively reduced due to the inconvenient moment, the swinging amplitude of the rocker 29 is increased after the radius of the sliding block 23 is increased, and the acting force of the connecting rod 25 on the sliding groove rod 26 and the rocker 29 is reduced, so that the swinging period of the sliding groove rod 26 and the rocker 29 is increased, the falling speed of the human body is reduced, and; similarly, when the weight of the human body is smaller, the falling speed is correspondingly reduced, meanwhile, the stretching amount of the first spring 24 is smaller, the rotating radius of the sliding block 23 is increased, the acting force on the connecting rod 25 is also reduced, the swinging period of the rocker 29 can be reduced, the falling speed of the human body is accelerated, and the part with the small falling speed caused by the reduction of the weight of the human body is offset. Therefore, the evacuee can maintain a substantially equal falling speed regardless of the weight by the box 17 and the inner structure thereof.

In the invention, the function of the hand wheel 1 and the first spring 24 is to adjust the falling speed of a human body, the hand wheel 1 is rotated to drive the seventh gear 30 to rotate, the rocker 29 is driven to move along the length direction by the sixth gear 28 and the rack on the rocker 29, when the rocker 29 and the balance weight 27 move, the position of the gravity center of the rocker 29 can be changed, mainly the distance between the gravity center of the rocker 29 and the axis of the sixth gear 28, the change of the distance between the gravity center of the rocker 29 and the axis of the sixth gear 28 can change the swing period of the rocker 29, specifically, the distance is increased, the change period is increased, the distance is decreased, and the swing period is decreased, so that the falling speed of the human. Different falling speeds can be set for different people, the old and the weak people are easy to fall and hurt, the falling speed can be adjusted to be small, the young and healthy people are not easy to fall and hurt, and the falling speed can be adjusted to be fast, so that people can evacuate in the shortest time.

Can make two to No. five gears 18 only can unidirectional rotation through the effect of ratchet and pawl 11, when 4 pulling reels of rope are rotatory, 11 forward rotations of pawl, pawl 11 blocks ratchet 12 and drives the rotation of ratchet (No. two gears 10), when the back is finished using is rotatory reel and is withdrawed

rope

4, 11 reversals of pawl, pawl 11 breaks away from with ratchet 12 mutually, No. one 14 rotations of gear and No. two irrotations of gear 10 to the reel can fast revolution.

In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 6, this embodiment includes a winding drum, a rope 4, a base 33, a safety belt 32 and a gear box, wherein the winding drum, the rope 4 and the gear box are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the description of this embodiment is omitted.

The main shaft 6 and the box cover 3 in the winding drum and the gear box are respectively fixed on a base 33, and the invention is fixedly arranged at a certain position (such as beside a windowsill) through the base 33 at ordinary times. The end of the rope 4 is fixedly connected with a safety belt 32, and the rope is fixed on the body through the safety belt 32.

A handle 36 is arranged on the side plate 5, far away from one side of the gear box, of the winding drum, a side plate gear 34 is fixedly arranged on the side plate 5, the side plate gear 34 is coaxial with the main shaft 6, a handle gear 35 is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft of the handle 36, and the handle gear 35 is meshed with the side plate gear 34. Turning the handle 36 allows the rope 4 to be retracted for use by the next person.

Except for accidents such as fire, the embodiment 2 can also be used in other situations without electric power equipment or other power equipment, and when people slowly land, the safety belt 32 can be tied to the body to realize safe landing.

It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A life saving equipment characterized in that: the invention comprises a winding drum, a rope, a back plate, a safety belt and a gear box; the front surface of the back plate is provided with a safety belt, and the back surface of the back plate is provided with a winding drum and a gear box; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is fixed and wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope is used for being connected to an indoor fixed object; the gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a box cover, a shell structure formed by surrounding a side plate of the winding drum and an internal structure of the shell structure, wherein the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure with an opening at the inner end coaxial with the winding drum; the spindle is arranged at the axes of the winding drum and the gear box, the spindle is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the winding drum can rotate around the spindle; the back plate is respectively fixedly connected with the main shaft and the box cover; the gear box is internally provided with a gear, a ratchet wheel, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a box body; an inner gear is arranged on the outer side face of the side plate where the gear box is arranged, the fixing plate is positioned in the cavity of the inner gear and close to the inner side, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; a first gear meshed with the internal gear is also arranged in the cavity of the internal gear; a second gear coaxial with the first gear is arranged on the outer side of the first gear, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than that of the first gear; the wheel shaft where the first gear and the second gear are located is fixedly connected with the first gear and is rotationally connected with the second gear, a circular cavity is formed in the middle of the second gear, an inner meshing ratchet mechanism is arranged in the circular cavity, ratchets are arranged on the side wall of the circular cavity, a disc is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft where the second gear is located, and the disc is connected with a pawl; a third gear meshed with the second gear is arranged beside the second gear, wherein the diameter of the third gear is smaller than that of the second gear; the outer side of the third gear is fixedly connected with a fourth gear which is coaxial with the third gear, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear is larger than that of the third gear; a fifth gear meshed with the fourth gear is arranged beside the fourth gear, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear; the two ends of the wheel axle where the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear are located are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the box cover, the fixed plate and the box cover are respectively provided with a hole which is adaptive to each wheel axle, and the end part of each wheel axle is respectively located in the corresponding hole; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the fifth gear is located is fixedly connected with the box cover, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body which is coaxial with the fifth gear, a rotating block is arranged in the box body, a shaft where the fifth gear is located is a secondary shaft, the secondary shaft penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block, the rotating block can rotate around the secondary shaft, the side wall of the rotating block is connected with the side wall of the box body through a first spring, and a connecting point between the first spring and the box body is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block; a bar-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the box body is arranged in the middle of the rotating block, a sliding block is arranged in the cavity, and the sliding block can slide along the radial direction; the inner wall of the box body is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole is positioned at a corresponding position on the inner side of the sliding block, a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected in the inner side direction of the sliding block, and the cylindrical structure penetrates through the inner wall of the box body from the strip-shaped hole and is exposed out of the box body; the strip-shaped hole is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring is closer to the minor axis, and the other end far away from the first spring is farther from the minor axis; the extending end of the cylindrical structure exposed outside the box body is hinged with one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding groove rod; the sliding chute rod is matched and connected with the rocker, one side of the rocker is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively, so that the rocker forms a T-shaped section, and the sliding chute rod is provided with a sliding chute adaptive to the T-shaped section; the rack structure of the rocker is meshed with the sixth gear, the chute rod is hinged with a wheel shaft where the sixth gear is located, a balance weight is arranged at one end, far away from the sixth gear, of the rocker, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the seventh gear is located extends out of the box cover, a hand wheel is arranged at the extending end, a second spring is arranged between the hand wheel and the box cover, and the hand wheel and the seventh gear are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring; a clamping block capable of being inserted into the seventh gear is arranged on the inner side of the box cover, the seventh gear is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the clamping block is clamped into the seventh gear.