CN107979128B - Fire hydrant instrument with built-in display screen and power management method - Google Patents

Fire hydrant instrument with built-in display screen and power management method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107979128B
CN107979128B CN201711177351.XA CN201711177351A CN107979128B CN 107979128 B CN107979128 B CN 107979128B CN 201711177351 A CN201711177351 A CN 201711177351A CN 107979128 B CN107979128 B CN 107979128B
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voltage
unit
display screen
battery
super capacitor
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CN107979128A (en
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欧阳培光
周太江
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16547—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies voltage or current in AC supplies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire hydrant instrument with a built-in display screen and a power management method, and belongs to the technical field of instruments. The fire hydrant instrument comprises a sealed shell, a display screen and a power management system, wherein the display screen and the power management system are arranged in the sealed shell; the display screen is arranged in the sealing shell, and the sealing shell comprises a transparent shell part for perspective display of the display screen; the power management system comprises a battery connection terminal, a magnetic reed switch and a control unit for controlling the display screen to work for a preset time period to display contents when the on-off state of the magnetic reed switch is changed. When data are required to be displayed, the magnetic reed switch is excited to be closed by the magnetic field changing device such as the permanent magnet to display, so that the power consumption of the display screen in the use process is effectively reduced, and the display screen can be widely applied to the technical fields such as power supply of the Internet of things.

Description

Fire hydrant instrument with built-in display screen and power management method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire hydrant instrument and a power management method suitable for the fire hydrant instrument, in particular to a fire hydrant instrument capable of effectively reducing power consumption of a display screen of the fire hydrant instrument and a power management method suitable for the fire hydrant instrument.
Background
In the existing fire hydrant hydraulic pressure meter and other pressure instruments, an external power supply is basically adopted for power supply, and because the fire hydrant hydraulic pressure meter and other pressure instruments are limited by the requirements of the fire hydrant on-site installation working condition and the sealing safety, a built-in battery mode is needed to solve the problems of inconvenient on-site power supply and safety of the instruments; and the display screen for displaying the detection data such as water pressure and the data information such as the residual capacity of the battery is installed on the hydrant instrument in a built-in way, the service life of the disposable power supply which is limited by the use of the electric energy of the battery of the display screen is shorter, the frequency of battery replacement is increased, and the maintenance is not facilitated. In addition, as the battery power supply voltage is reduced, the system power consumption requirement cannot be met, the battery power utilization rate is low, and as the development and popularization of the Internet of things technology are carried out, a wireless transmission module is required to be added into the fire hydrant instrument to realize data networking, so that the battery replacement frequency is further increased, and the application of the built-in battery in the fire hydrant instrument and other equipment in a safe power supply mode is further limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a fire hydrant instrument with a built-in display screen, which can ensure the use safety and reduce the total power consumption of the display screen in the service period of a battery;
it is another object of the present invention to provide a power management method suitable for use with the above-described hydrant gauge.
In order to achieve the main purpose, the fire hydrant instrument with the built-in display screen comprises a sealed shell, and a display screen and a power management system which are arranged in the sealed shell; the display screen is arranged in the sealing shell, and the sealing shell comprises a transparent shell part for perspective display of the display screen; the power management system comprises a battery connecting terminal, a magnetic reed switch and a control unit for controlling the display screen to work for a preset time period to display contents when the on-off state of the magnetic reed switch changes.
The display screen and the trigger switch for controlling the operation of the display screen are arranged in the shell, so that the use safety of the fire hydrant is effectively ensured; when the display is needed, the magnetic field of the position of the magnetic reed switch is changed through the magnet such as the permanent magnet, so that the display screen is started to display for a preset time, the power consumption when the display is not needed can be avoided, the total power consumption of the display screen in the service cycle of the battery is effectively reduced, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The sealing shell comprises a shell body with at least one open end and a cylindrical shape and a sealing end cover matched with the open end, wherein at least one sealing end cover is made of transparent materials, and the transparent shell part is arranged on one sealing end cover made of transparent materials. The manufacture of the seal housing is facilitated and the planar portion of the end cap can be readily displayed in a clear manner. Of course, the case body may be provided to be made of a transparent material.
The more specific scheme is that a permanent magnet for triggering the magnetic reed switch is hung outside the sealing shell through a hanging wire. The operator can conveniently check the display content.
The preferred scheme is that the fire hydrant instrument is provided with a wireless transmission unit and a data acquisition unit, and the power management system further comprises a super capacitor, a boosting unit, a first voltage reduction unit and a second voltage reduction unit; the boosting unit is controlled by the control unit to boost the output voltage of the battery electrically connected to the battery connecting terminal to be higher than the first voltage when the wireless transmission unit is required to be started, so as to precharge the super capacitor, and boost the output voltage of the battery to be higher than the second voltage when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold value, so as to supplement the super capacitor; the first step-down unit is controlled by the control unit to connect the voltage which is boosted to be higher than the first voltage by the step-up unit with the output voltage of the pre-charged super capacitor in parallel, and then step down the voltage to the adaptive wireless transmission unit and supply the voltage to the wireless transmission unit for working; the second voltage reduction unit is used for reducing the output voltage of the super capacitor to at least the adaptive control unit, the display screen and the data acquisition unit and supplying the output voltage to the adaptive control unit, the display screen and the data acquisition unit for working.
In the working process, as the boosting unit is arranged between the power supply battery and the power consumption unit, the output voltage of the power supply battery can be boosted to be larger than the working voltage of each load, so that the power can be still supplied to the load when the output voltage of the battery is lower than the working voltage of the load, and the electric energy utilization rate of the power supply battery is effectively improved; when the wireless transmission unit needs to be started and data transmission is carried out, the super capacitor is precharged firstly, the output voltages of the precharged super capacitor and the boosting unit are combined through the first voltage reduction unit, the output voltages of the precharged super capacitor and the boosting unit are connected in parallel and then reduced to the working voltage of the wireless transmission unit, so that the characteristic that the super capacitor can provide large transient current is utilized to provide the large transient current required during starting for the wireless transmission unit, the front-end voltage cannot be pulled too low, the boosting unit continuously provides large current for the normal operation of the wireless transmission unit after the wireless transmission unit normally works, and the super capacitor can be simultaneously supplemented and charged based on the fact that the two ends of the super capacitor are still connected with the output end of the boosting unit in parallel; in the whole process, the super capacitor is used for supplying power to other loads such as the control unit, the display screen and the data collection unit, so that the voltage boosting unit and the first voltage reducing unit are in a dormant state or a stop state in other time except when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold value or when the wireless transmission unit is required to be started, and the overall power consumption is effectively reduced.
The specific scheme is that an anti-reverse connection unit for preventing reverse connection of the battery is coupled between the battery connecting terminal and the boost unit so as to prevent damage to a subsequent circuit when the battery is reversely connected; the anti-reverse connection unit comprises two P-channel field effect transistors with drain electrodes connected, wherein one source electrode is electrically connected with the battery connection terminal, the other source electrode is electrically connected with the boosting unit, and the two grid electrodes are grounded through a bias resistor after being connected. By arranging the anti-reverse connection circuit to be composed of two field effect transistors connected in series to replace a diode in the prior art, the voltage drop on the anti-reverse connection unit can be effectively reduced.
The preferred scheme is that an on-off control switch is connected in series in a voltage division reference network of the boosting unit, and the on-off control switch and the boosting unit are synchronously controlled by a boosting control signal; and a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel between the input end and the output end of the boosting unit, and the anode of the freewheeling diode is electrically connected with the input end. The on-off control switch controls the voltage division reference network and the boosting unit to synchronously turn on and off based on the boosting control signal, so that when the boosting unit does not work, the voltage division reference network is disconnected to reduce unnecessary consumption of electric energy on the super capacitor, and further power consumption of equipment is reduced. The freewheeling diode is connected at two ends of the boosting unit, so that when the voltage in the super capacitor is low due to the fact that the battery is not replaced in time for the first time, the power supply voltage of the battery directly passes through the freewheeling diode to start and charge the super capacitor, the output voltage of the super capacitor is charged to be higher than the working voltage of the control unit, and the control unit can be supplied with power to work so as to control loads such as the boosting unit and the like to work; and when the output voltage of the super capacitor is higher than the power supply voltage of the power supply battery, the flywheel diode is cut off to reduce the power consumption.
Another preferable scheme is that the power management system comprises a battery voltage monitoring unit and a battery replacement reminding unit; the battery voltage monitoring unit outputs a monitoring signal to the control unit, and the control unit outputs a control signal for reminding the replacement to the battery replacement reminding unit when the monitoring signal shows that the battery voltage is lower than a threshold value. The battery can be reminded to replace the battery when the battery power can not be continuously supplied for more than a preset time, so that the maintenance in the use process is convenient, and the normal use is ensured.
In order to achieve the above another object, the present invention provides a power management method comprising: judging whether the magnetic field change amplitude at the monitored position is larger than a threshold value or not; if the power is larger than the preset power, the display screen arranged in the sealed shell is powered for a preset time period, and the display content is displayed. The display screen in the sealed shell is controlled to work for a preset time in a non-contact mode, so that the use safety can be ensured, the power consumption caused by the fact that the display screen works in unexpected time is reduced, and the power consumption is effectively reduced.
The specific scheme is that the output voltage of the super capacitor is reduced to be matched with at least one load and is supplied to the at least one load for working; when a large starting current load needs to be started, the power supply voltage is boosted to be higher than the first voltage to precharge the super capacitor, the boosted voltage is connected with the output voltage of the precharged super capacitor in parallel, and then the voltage is reduced to be matched with the large starting current load and supplied to the large starting current load for working.
For large starting current loads such as a wireless transmission module and an inductive load, the transient current of the wireless transmission module and the inductive load is larger than the current of the wireless transmission module during normal operation, so that the front-end voltage of the wireless transmission module and the inductive load is easily pulled down during starting to influence the stability of the whole system; in the power management method, when a large starting current load needs to start to work, the super capacitor is pre-charged, the output voltage of the super capacitor is connected with the boost voltage in parallel and then is reduced to the working voltage of the large starting current load, so that the characteristic that the super capacitor can provide large transient current is utilized to provide the large transient current required by the large starting current load during starting, the front-end voltage cannot be pulled too low, and after the large starting current load works normally, the boost voltage is utilized to supplement and charge the super capacitor; in addition, the power supply voltage is boosted to be greater than the working voltage of each power consumption unit, so that power can still be supplied when the power supply voltage of a power supply such as a battery is lower than the working voltage of the power supply such as the battery, the utilization rate of the power energy of the power supply such as the battery is effectively improved, and in the whole working process, the boosting work is not needed when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold value or in other time except when a large starting current load needs to be started, and the use power consumption is effectively reduced.
The specific scheme is that when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold value, the power supply voltage is boosted to be higher than the second voltage so as to carry out supplementary charging on the super capacitor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a hydrant gauge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the hydrant gauge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part of A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a power management system in an embodiment of a hydrant meter according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an anti-reverse unit in an embodiment of a hydrant gauge according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a boost unit in an embodiment of the hydrant gauge of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures thereof.
In the following embodiments, a hydrant pressure gauge for detecting water pressure in a hydrant is taken as an example, and the structure and power management method of the hydrant meter of the present invention are illustrated, but the function of the meter is not limited to water pressure monitoring, and the meter can be used for water quality monitoring, etc. by replacing a data collecting unit at the front end.
Fire hydrant instrument embodiment
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the built-in battery powered hydrant instrument according to the present invention is a built-in battery powered hydrant hydraulic pressure instrument 1, comprising a wireless transmission unit 12, a data acquisition unit 13, a housing, a battery 10 built in the housing, a display unit 590 and a power management system 5, the power management system 5 being composed of functional circuits of circuits arranged on a circuit board 11. The battery 10 constitutes the power supply means in this embodiment to output a power supply voltage for supplying electric power for normal operation of the entire meter. The wireless transmission unit 12 is used for data interaction with a remote base station and a cloud platform. For the data acquired by the data acquisition unit 13, when the data change exceeds the set amplitude, the data is required to be immediately transmitted to the cloud through the wireless transmission unit 12; and when the data change does not exceed the set amplitude, the hydraulic data collected by the data collection unit 13 is sent to the cloud according to the set period.
The shell is a sealed shell and comprises a shell main body 20 with two open ends and a cylindrical shape and sealing end covers 21 and 22 matched with the two open ends, a joint 23 is fixedly arranged at the side wall of the shell main body 20, and an antenna mounting table 24 is fixedly arranged at the opposite side of the joint 23. The connector 23 is sleeved with a connector 25 for installing the whole instrument on the fire hydrant, and a water pressure monitoring sensor is arranged in the connector 25 and forms a data acquisition unit in the embodiment. The antenna mount 24 is provided with a wire groove 240 and a wire hole 241 for arranging the antenna connection wire, and the antenna connection wire is sealed by a sealing adhesive after being mounted. Of course, the antenna can be arranged to be built into the sealed housing without the need for perforation and glue sealing.
A battery mounting seat 3 for mounting the battery 10 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity 200 of the shell main body 20, the battery mounting seat 3 comprises a disc-shaped main body 30 and elastic claws 31 fixedly arranged on the disc-shaped main body 30 and used for clamping the battery 10 by clamping on two sides of the battery 10, and battery connecting terminals 32 and 33 are arranged at positive and negative terminals of the battery 10 of the battery mounting seat 3 so as to supply the output voltage of the battery 10 to a power management system to provide electric energy required by work for each power consumption load.
A protective cover 4 for protecting components welded to the circuit board 11 is mounted in the case main body 20, the protective cover 4 includes a cover main body 40 having a cylindrical structure with one end opened, and three elastic strips 41 provided on the cover main body 40, and a buckle 42 for holding the circuit board 11 is provided on the elastic strips 41.
The end cover 21 is made of transparent material, and a liquid crystal display screen is installed in the sealed housing at the rear of the end cover 21, so as to form a display unit 590 in this embodiment, and the display unit is used for displaying the water pressure data collected by the data collecting unit, the usage parameters such as the remaining amount of the battery electric energy, and the data desired to be displayed by an operator.
Referring to fig. 4, the power management system 5 includes an anti-reverse connection unit 51, a voltage increasing unit 52, a super capacitor 53, a capacitor voltage monitoring unit 54, a first voltage decreasing unit 55, a second voltage decreasing unit 56, a control unit 57, a battery voltage monitoring unit 58, a battery replacement reminding unit 59, and a magnetic monitoring unit 591, so as to distribute the power supply voltage output by the battery 10 to the power consumption loads such as the data acquisition unit 13, the wireless transmission unit 12, and the display screen as required to provide the required electric energy for their normal operation.
The anti-reverse connection unit 51 is coupled between the battery 10 and the boost unit 52, and is used for preventing damage to a subsequent circuit due to reverse connection of the battery 10, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the anti-reverse connection unit is shown in fig. 5, and the anti-reverse connection unit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2 and a bias resistor R1, wherein the two field effect transistors are P-channel field effect transistors, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is electrically connected with the battery 10, and the drain electrode is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q2; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is electrically connected with the boosting unit 52, and the gates of the two field effect transistors are grounded through the bias resistor R1 after being connected. The anti-reverse connection circuit constructed by the two field effect transistors effectively reduces the voltage drop caused by the anti-reverse connection unit by utilizing the characteristic of low internal resistance.
As shown in fig. 6, two voltage dividing resistors R2 and R3 of the voltage dividing reference network of the voltage boosting unit 52 are connected to the voltage output end of the voltage boosting unit 52 through a field effect transistor Q4, i.e. the field effect transistor Q4 forms an on-off control switch of the whole voltage dividing reference network; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q4 is electrically connected with the voltage output end of the boosting unit 52, the drain electrode is electrically connected with one end of the voltage dividing resistor R2, and the control signal output by the control unit 57 is utilized to synchronously control the on-off of the field effect transistor Q4 through the triode Q3, namely, when the boosting unit 52 works, the voltage dividing reference network is electrified, and when the boosting unit 52 does not work, the voltage dividing reference network is powered off, so that the electric energy output by the super capacitor is effectively reduced when the boosting unit does not work.
A flywheel diode D1 is connected between the input terminal and the output terminal of the booster unit 52, and the positive electrode of the flywheel diode D1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the booster unit 52. The control unit 57 cannot be started because the super capacitor 53 does not store electric energy, i.e. the control unit 57 cannot output a control signal to the boost unit 52 and cannot start the whole power management system to work; the freewheeling diode D1 is connected beside the two ends of the boost unit 52, so that when the battery is started for the first time, the power supply voltage of the battery 10 can start and charge the super capacitor 53 through the freewheeling diode D1, so that the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is charged to be higher than the working voltage of the control unit 57, and the control unit 57 is powered to work, so that loads such as the boost unit 52 can be controlled to work, and the whole system can be started to work normally; when the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is higher than the output voltage of the battery 10, the flywheel diode D1 is turned off, and power consumption can be reduced.
The boost unit 52 boosts the power supply voltage output by the battery 10 to a boost output voltage higher than a first voltage, which is configured to be higher than the operating voltages of the power consumption loads such as the control unit 57, the wireless transmission unit 12 and the data acquisition unit 13 to ensure their normal operation, and applies the boost output voltage to the super capacitor 53 to charge the super capacitor, for example, in this embodiment, the operating voltages of the control unit 57, the data acquisition unit 13 and the display screen are 3.3V, the operating voltage of the wireless transmission unit 12 is 3.3V-3.6V, and the boost output voltage of the boost unit 52 is configured to be 5V when the operating voltage reaches the optimal operating state at 3.6V.
The boosting unit 52 charges the super capacitor 53 under the control of the control unit 57, and each charge termination condition is configured to charge for a predetermined period of time, to charge the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 above a threshold, to charge the charge amount above the threshold, or to charge the current less than the threshold. The charging electric quantity is calculated by accumulating real-time power calculated by monitoring the charging voltage and the charging current in real time.
The first step-down unit 55 is controlled by the control unit 57 to step down the step-up output voltage of the step-up unit 52 and the output voltage of the super capacitor 55 in parallel and then to the working voltage of the wireless transmission unit 12, so as to provide electric energy for the normal operation of the wireless transmission unit 12, and in this embodiment, the output voltage of the first step-down unit 55 is configured to be 3.6V.
The second voltage reducing unit 56 is configured to reduce the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 to the working voltage of the power consumption load except the wireless transmission unit, such as the adaptive control unit 57, the data acquisition unit 13, and the like, where the power consumption load except the wireless transmission unit, such as the control unit 57, the data acquisition unit 13, and the display screen, forms "at least one load" in the embodiment, that is, "at least one load" is configured as another power consumption load except the large starting current load, so as to provide electric energy for their normal operation, in the embodiment, the reduced output voltage of the second voltage reducing unit 56 is configured as 3.3V, and the second voltage reducing unit 56 always reduces the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 during the whole battery working period, so as to ensure that the control unit 57 continuously works and the data acquisition unit 13 works at a predetermined time to collect data.
The output voltage of the battery is monitored by the battery voltage monitoring unit 58, and a voltage monitoring signal is output to the control unit 56, when the voltage monitoring signal indicates that the output voltage of the battery 10 is lower than a set threshold value, the control unit 56 outputs a control signal to the battery replacement reminding unit 59 to control the battery replacement reminding unit to send a replacement reminding signal, and the replacement battery reminding unit 59 may be a buzzer or configured to send replacement reminding information, battery power information or battery power lower than threshold value information to the cradle head through the wireless transmission unit.
The output voltage of the super capacitor 55 is monitored by the capacitor voltage monitoring unit 54, and a voltage monitoring signal is output to the control unit 56, when the monitoring signal indicates that the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is lower than the voltage threshold, the control unit 56 outputs a control signal to the boost unit 52 to control the boost unit 52 to start working and output voltage to the super capacitor 53 so as to supplement and charge the super capacitor 53, namely, the voltage of the super capacitor 53 is charged to a preset voltage higher than 3.6V, namely, the power consumption load provides working voltage required by working.
When the hydraulic data needs to be uploaded to the wireless network through the wireless transmission unit 12, in this embodiment, the timing of uploading the hydraulic data is configured to upload the hydraulic data when the fluctuation value of the hydraulic value is greater than the threshold value or periodically, and when the hydraulic data needs to be uploaded, the control unit 57 outputs a control signal to the boost unit 52 first, controls the start-up operation thereof to precharge the super capacitor 53, which may be for a predetermined duration of precharge, precharge until the capacitor output voltage is higher than the threshold value, charge until the charge amount exceeds the threshold value, or the charge current is smaller than the threshold value. After the precharge of the super capacitor 53 is completed, a control signal is output to the first buck unit 55 to control the start-up operation thereof, so that the boosted output voltage of the boost unit 52 and the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 are connected in parallel and then reduced to the operating voltage of the wireless transmission unit 13, that is, in the circuit, the output terminal of the boost unit 52, the connection terminal of the super capacitor 53 and the input terminal of the first buck unit 55 are connected through wires, so that after the wireless transmission unit 12 performs normal operation, the boost unit 52 continues to perform supplementary charge to the super capacitor 53 and continuously output a large current required by the operation to the wireless transmission unit 12.
In this embodiment, the magnetic monitoring unit 591 is a magnetic reed switch fixed on the circuit board, and is used for detecting the magnetic field variation amplitude at the installation position of the magnetic reed switch, and the magnetic reed switch outputs an on-off signal to the control unit. In the actual use process, when an operator wants to display current data such as water pressure, battery capacity and the like through the display screen, the external permanent magnet is close to the position of the magnetic reed switch to enable the magnetic reed switch to be closed, and the control unit controls the display screen to work for a preset time and displays expected data of the operator after receiving a closing signal output by the magnetic reed switch. And after the display is carried out for a preset time, the display is actively stopped to save power consumption, namely, when the change amplitude of the magnetic field displayed by the monitoring signal exceeds a threshold value, the display screen is controlled to work for a preset time. Further, a magnetic sensor may be employed instead of the reed switch to constitute the magnetic monitoring device in the present embodiment.
The method for managing the power supply such as the battery by the power supply management system 5 includes the following steps:
A first step of reducing the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 to fit and supply the at least one load.
In this embodiment, the above-mentioned "at least one load" is configured as the control unit 54, the display screen and the data acquisition unit 13, and the voltage reduction operation is performed by the second voltage reduction unit 56, which outputs electric energy in real time to ensure that the entire hydrant meter can continuously and normally operate, and at this time, the voltage increasing unit 52 and the first voltage reduction unit 55 are in the inactive state, so that the consumption of battery electric energy can be effectively reduced.
A first judging step of judging whether a large starting current load needs to be started. In the present invention, a large start-up current load is configured as a load whose transient current at start-up is greater than its current at normal operation. In the present embodiment, the large starting current load is configured as the wireless transmission unit 12, and the transient current at the time of starting up the uploading data is much larger than the current at the time of normal operation, and in addition, the large starting current load may be an inductive load which is inductive to a motor, an electromagnetic pump, a coil, and the like.
And a first step of boosting the power supply voltage to be higher than the first voltage to precharge the super capacitor if the large starting current load is judged to be started in the first judging step. In the present embodiment, the control unit 57 controls the boost unit 52 to operate to boost the output voltage of the battery 10 to 5V, and then precharge the super capacitor 53 to provide the required large transient current for the large start-up current load operation.
And a second step of reducing the voltage after the step-up and the output voltage of the pre-charged super capacitor 53 in parallel, and then reducing the voltage to adapt to and supply the large starting current load to work.
In this embodiment, the control unit 57 controls the first step-down unit 55 to step down the output voltage of the step-up unit 52 and the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 in parallel, and then to adapt to the working voltage of the wireless transmission unit 12.
A second determining step determines whether the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is lower than the voltage threshold. In the present embodiment, the capacitor voltage monitoring unit 54 outputs a voltage monitoring signal to the control unit 57 to determine whether the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is lower than a voltage threshold according to the voltage monitoring signal, for example, in the present embodiment, the voltage threshold is configured to be 3.3V, that is, the normal operating voltage of the load such as the control unit 57.
And a second step of boosting the power supply voltage to a voltage higher than the second voltage to perform the supplementary charging of the super capacitor if the output voltage of the super capacitor 53 is determined to be lower than the voltage threshold in the second determination step. In the present embodiment, the voltage for precharging the super capacitor 53 and the voltage for complementary charging are configured to be equal, that is, the boosted output voltage of the boosting unit 52 is a fixed value, which is configured to be 5V in the present embodiment.
And a third judging step of judging whether the power supply voltage is smaller than a second threshold value. In the present embodiment, the voltage monitoring signal is outputted to the control unit 57 by the battery voltage monitoring unit 58 to determine whether the output voltage of the battery 10 is lower than the threshold value, i.e., the electric power of the battery 10 is lower than the threshold value, based on the voltage monitoring signal, indicating that it will be difficult to satisfy the operation requirement of the entire meter after continuing to use for a predetermined period of time.
And a battery replacement reminding step, wherein if the power supply voltage is judged to be smaller than the threshold value in the third judging step, reminding information is sent out. At this time, the control unit 57 outputs a control signal to the battery replacement reminding unit to make it work to remind the user of the need of battery replacement, for example, the battery replacement reminding information is sent to the cloud platform through the wireless transmission unit 12, so as to facilitate maintenance of the device.
And a fourth judging step of judging whether the amplitude of the magnetic field change at the monitored position in the sealed shell is larger than a threshold value.
The magnitude of the magnetic field change at the position where the reed switch is mounted is monitored by the reed switch built in the sealed housing fixed on the circuit board, and whether the magnitude of the magnetic field change at the monitored position is greater than a threshold value is configured as the magnitude of the magnetic field change that closes the reed switch in the present embodiment.
And a display step, if the amplitude of the magnetic field change at the monitored position in the sealed shell is larger than a threshold value, supplying power to a display screen arranged in the sealed shell for a preset time period and displaying display content.
In the above-described power management system, the control unit 57 for performing the first judgment step constitutes the first judgment unit in the present embodiment together with the data collection unit 13, the capacitor voltage monitoring unit 54 for performing the second judgment step constitutes the second judgment unit in the present embodiment together with the control unit 57, the battery voltage monitoring unit 58 for performing the third judgment step constitutes the third judgment unit in the present embodiment together with the control unit 57, and the reed switch for performing the fourth judgment step constitutes the fourth judgment unit in the present embodiment together with the control unit 57.
Power management method embodiment
The embodiments of the power management method of the present invention have been described in the embodiments of the fire hydrant instrument, and will not be described in detail herein, however, the method and system for power management provided by the present invention are not only applicable to the embodiments of the fire hydrant instrument, but also applicable to various display systems powered by a battery and having a display screen sealed in a sealed housing, so as to improve the power utilization of the battery and optimize the power consumption of the battery.
In the above embodiment, the "at least one load" is configured as other power consumption loads except the large starting current load, which is only a preferred scheme, and the scope of the "at least one load" is not to be understood as being limited in the present invention, for example, other loads needing to work synchronously with the large starting current load can be connected in parallel to two ends of the large starting current load for synchronous control when the work needs, that is, in the present invention, the "at least one load" is configured as one or more power consumption loads except the large current starting load supplied by the "first step-down unit" and supplied by the "second step-down unit". In addition, the power consumption loads with different working voltages can be supplied by configuring a plurality of second voltage reduction units with different output voltages, and/or the power consumption loads with different working voltages can be supplied by configuring a plurality of first voltage reduction units with different output voltages.
In the above embodiment, the display screen is triggered to operate by closing the reed switch, but it is also possible to trigger the display screen to operate by opening the trigger switch.

Claims (6)

1. A built-in display screen type hydrant gauge, comprising:
the display screen is arranged in the sealing shell, and the sealing shell comprises a transparent shell part used for viewing the display content of the display screen;
The power management system is arranged in the sealed shell and comprises a battery connecting terminal, a magnetic reed switch and a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the display screen to work for a preset time period to display the display content when the on-off state of the magnetic reed switch changes, and the control unit is used for controlling the display screen to stop displaying after the display content is controlled to display by the display screen for the preset time period;
A permanent magnet for triggering the magnetic reed switch is hung outside the sealing shell through a hanging wire;
the fire hydrant instrument is provided with a wireless transmission unit and a data acquisition unit, and the power management system further comprises:
A super capacitor;
the voltage boosting unit is controlled by the control unit to boost the output voltage of the battery electrically connected to the battery connecting terminal to be higher than a first voltage when the wireless transmission unit is required to be started so as to precharge the super capacitor, and boost the output voltage of the battery to be higher than a second voltage so as to recharge the super capacitor when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold;
The first step-down unit is controlled by the control unit to connect the voltage which is boosted to be higher than the first voltage by the step-up unit with the output voltage of the super capacitor after being precharged in parallel, and then step down the voltage to be matched with the wireless transmission unit and supply the voltage to the wireless transmission unit for working; the first voltage is higher than the working voltage of a power consumption load, and the power consumption load comprises the control unit, the wireless transmission unit and the data acquisition unit;
The second voltage reduction unit is used for reducing the output voltage of the super capacitor to at least adapt to the control unit, the display screen and the data acquisition unit and supply the control unit, the display screen and the data acquisition unit to work.
2. The hydrant gauge according to claim 1, wherein:
The sealing shell comprises a shell body with at least one open end and a cylindrical shape and a sealing end cover matched with the open end, wherein at least one sealing end cover is made of transparent materials, and the transparent shell part is arranged on one sealing end cover made of transparent materials.
3. The hydrant gauge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
a reverse connection preventing unit for preventing reverse connection of the battery is coupled between the battery connecting terminal and the boosting unit;
the anti-reverse connection unit comprises two P-channel field effect transistors with drain electrodes connected, wherein one source electrode is electrically connected with the battery connection terminal, the other source electrode is electrically connected with the boosting unit, and the two grid electrodes are grounded through a bias resistor after being connected.
4. The hydrant gauge according to claim 1, wherein:
an on-off control switch is connected in series in the voltage division reference network of the boosting unit, and the on-off control switch and the boosting unit are synchronously controlled by a boosting control signal;
and a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel between the input end and the output end of the boosting unit, and the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode is electrically connected with the input end.
5. The hydrant gauge according to claim 1, wherein:
The power management system comprises a battery voltage monitoring unit and a battery replacement reminding unit;
The battery voltage monitoring unit outputs a monitoring signal to the control unit, and the control unit outputs a control signal of replacement reminding to the battery replacement reminding unit when the monitoring signal shows that the battery voltage is lower than a threshold value.
6. A method of power management, comprising:
judging whether the magnetic field change amplitude at the monitored position is larger than a threshold value or not;
If the display content is larger than the preset time, supplying power to a display screen arranged in the sealed shell for a preset time and displaying the display content, and stopping supplying power to stop displaying after the display content is displayed for the preset time;
reducing the output voltage of the super capacitor to be suitable for at least one load and supplying the load to work;
When a large starting current load needs to be started, boosting a power supply voltage to be higher than a first voltage to precharge the super capacitor, connecting the boosted voltage with the output voltage of the precharged super capacitor in parallel, and then reducing the voltage to be matched with the large starting current load and supplying the large starting current load for working; the first voltage is higher than an operating voltage of a power consumption load, wherein the power consumption load comprises the large starting current load and the at least one load;
and when the output voltage of the super capacitor is lower than a voltage threshold value, boosting the power supply voltage to be higher than a second voltage so as to carry out supplementary charging on the super capacitor.
CN201711177351.XA 2017-11-22 2017-11-22 Fire hydrant instrument with built-in display screen and power management method Active CN107979128B (en)

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CN109091789B (en) * 2018-06-26 2023-09-05 河南中消物联科技有限公司 Fire hydrant system and flow rate monitoring method thereof

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WO2014016625A2 (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-30 Ignac Igor Telemetric hydrant for measuring, collecting and wireless transfer of measured values to the database on the remote computer
CN102829917A (en) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-19 南京汉德森科技股份有限公司 Fire hydrant indicator and working method thereof
CN204089279U (en) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-07 深圳诺博医疗设备有限公司 Medical electric source control system
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