CN107976887A - It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods and system for reproducing and wasting information - Google Patents
It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods and system for reproducing and wasting information Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to calculate holographic and Three-dimensional Display field, and in particular to one kind calculates hologram three-dimensional display methods and system；Pass through tracing of human eye sensor track identification eye-observation position, only reproduce eye-observation position and received three-dimensional body information is inscribed, loaded spatial light modulator by way of computed hologram reproduces tissue points come the intensity of accuracy controlling tissue points, position and the direction of propagation, the gray value of hologram corresponding with the information that is blocked of each tissue points is set, so as to the hiding relation of Correct tissue points, three-dimension dynamical display can be realized by refreshing loading computed hologram with reference to spatial light modulator array, and show suitable for three-dimensional real image shown with the three-dimensional virtual image at the same time, can be achieved that the calculating holography three-dimension dynamical display for reproducing and wasting information can be reduced, reduce operational data amount, and it is capable of the hiding relation of Correct three-dimensional body reproduction image.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to calculate holographic and Three-dimensional Display field, and in particular to one kind calculates hologram three-dimensional display methods and is
System.
Background technology
With the progress of development and the social demand of science and technology, dimension display technologies have been deep into each side of human lives
Face, is increasingly becoming the hot spot of research.It is a kind of three-dimensional body wave-front reconstruction technology that hologram three-dimensional, which is shown, its principle is using complete
Breath record and the full detail (including amplitude information and phase information) of the principle 3 d objects reconstruction reproduced, can provide human eye
Required all three-dimensional perception, and beholder can watch stereo-picture in the case where not wearing any help depending on equipment, be
A kind of true three-dimension display technlolgies of great prospect.Calculating hologram three-dimensional, which is shown, utilizes spatial light modulator load capacity calculation hologram,
The wave surface of incident light is modulated, and then photoelectricity reconstruct shows 3-D view, but due to the operational data amount of its magnanimity
With the restriction for the factor such as the space-bandwidth product of core devices spatial light modulator is limited so that using spatial light modulator as carrier
The development of the calculating hologram three-dimensional Display Technique of part meets with bottleneck.More effective solution method uses high frame frequency at this stage
Spatial light modulator array carries out the connection scheme of space-time multiplexing.Nineteen ninety-five N.Fukaya et al. is realized using semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
3 amplitude type LCD are seamless spliced, so as to obtain larger field angle.J.Hahn in 2008 et al. is by by 12 spatial light tune
Device oblique arrangement processed realizes the seamless spliced of spatial light modulator, obtains 22.8 ° of field angle into a circular arc.2011
Year F.Yaras et al. tilts the method for splicing using 9 spatial light modulators, and eliminates spatial light using semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
Gap between modulator, expands the field angle of reproduction image, and it is 10mm to obtain size, and field angle is 24 ° of 3-d reproduction picture.
H.Sasaki in 2014 et al. using 16 spatial light modulators splicings realize diagonal-size be 85mm, horizontal view angle be
5.6 °, the dynamic holographic Three-dimensional Display that refreshing frequency is 20Hz.Understand that the method for splicing spatial light modulator can be to a certain degree
On widen visual angle, increase space-bandwidth product.But calculate hologram three-dimensional show in by occlusion effect offer mobile parallax often
Easily it is ignored.Univ cambridge uk Rick H-Y Chen in 2009 et al. propose to count by way of creating and blocking list
The hologram of occlusion effect and mobile parallax can be represented by calculating, but this method needs to carry out two-dimensional interpolation calculating, this not only can
Increase computation complexity, can also bring error.Beijing Institute of Technology Zhang Hao in 2009 et al. proposes blocking based on ray tracing
Relation method for expressing, common ray tracing method in hidden surface elimination algorithm is calculated for hologram, obtaining can be with table
Show the better quality 3-d reproduction picture of occlusion effect.This method needs each sample point pixel projection from hologram to go out one group of light
Line, calculates the nearest intersection point of every throw light and three-dimensional scenic to determine contribution of the three-dimensional scenic to the sample point, this is not
It can only increase calculation amount, and be difficult to Precise Representation its hiding relation for the three-dimensional scenic of larger depth.China in 2014 is specially
Hiding relation method for expressing before and after a kind of three-dimensional body reproduction image based on upright projection is disclosed in sharp CN 103997636A,
By performing upright projection process to hologram difference sample area, the corresponding block information of each sub-hologram is eliminated.But
For the three-dimensional body of any irregular shape, resolving into the redundancy of the information content after two-dimension projection and information will increase greatly
Add, and also need to be further improved for the expression accuracy of three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation.
On the other hand, traditional hologram three-dimensional, which is shown, is intended to rebuild complete 3-D view, which allows multiple observations
From person carries out from the diverse location of surrounding space at the same time.But since current spatial light modulator pixel is oversized, make it
Diffraction light is limited to maximum diffraction angle, and observer can only see the information of reproduction image, the scope in the range of specific diffraction light
Interior information is referred to as effective information, and information outside this range referred to as wastes information then not received by human eye.
In the generating process of computed hologram, if in the case of ensureing that calculating effective information is constant, reducing to reproduce wasting information
Calculate, then can reduce hologram operational data amount, make full use of the space-bandwidth product of spatial light modulator, and then reduce spatial light
The splicing quantity of modulator, simplifies system complexity.Therefore, the research of waste information is reproduced very for reduction computed hologram
It is significant.
In short, existing can reduce reproduction waste information and represent that the calculating of three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation is complete
Cease 3 D displaying method and imperfection, towards dynamic video hologram three-dimensional show it is even more difficult.For such case, sheet
Invention proposes a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods and its system tracked based on voxel spot scan and viewpoint, it is intended to realizes
The calculating holography three-dimension dynamical display for reproducing and wasting information can be reduced.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reduce to reproduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods and system that waste information.Base
In the principle that body Three-dimensional Display voxel spot scan and viewpoint track, spatial bandwidth in existing calculating hologram three-dimensional Display Technique is overcome
Product deficiency, operational data amount is big, hiding relation accuracy is not high, is difficult to realize the shortcomings of three-dimension dynamical display, it is intended to designs
The reproduction that can reduce based on spatial light modulator and viewpoint Tracking Recognition module wastes information and represents three-dimensional body reproduction image
The calculating hologram three-dimensional display system of hiding relation, the calculating holography dynamic 3 D for reproducing waste information can be reduced by, which realizing, shows
Show.To realize above technical purpose, technical solution of the present invention is as follows：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional for reproducing and wasting information
Display methods, includes the following steps：
1) tracing of human eye identification step：Human eye uses tracing of human eye in the holographic reconstructed image of observation space optical modulator
Sensor obtains eye-observation position, and obtained eye-observation positional information is transmitted to computer；
2) design units hologram step：Three-dimensional body is resolved into a series of tissue points, the tissue points are three-dimensional
The minimum composition unit of object, according to the position of human eye information obtained in step 1), searches out the field angle of human eye present position
In the range of it is observed that all tissue points, according to the intensity of each tissue points and the corresponding numeral of each tissue points of Position Design
Fresnel lens, the digital Fresnel lens, that is, elementary hologram；
3) information Step that is blocked is cut：The biography of each tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation between each tissue points
Direction is broadcast, by representing hiding relation into line program cutting to elementary hologram.Specifically cutting process is：When shelter not
When transparent, then by the corresponding hologram gray scale zero setting of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram；
4) three-dimensional body calculates sub-hologram synthesis step：By the visual field scope of the human eye present position described in step 1)
It is interior it is observed that the corresponding elementary hologram of each tissue points synthesize a complete three-dimensional body calculating sub-hologram, this three
Dimension object calculate sub-hologram include in the visual field scope of human eye present position it is observed that three-dimensional body tissue points
All information, can accurately represent the hiding relation of reproduction image；
5) reconstruction of hologram step：Under the conditions of parallel light, computer according to the eye-observation positional information received come
The three-dimensional body for calculating the position correspondence calculates sub-hologram, and loads in spatial light modulator；
6) sequential refresh step：Spatial light modulator constantly refreshes loading three-dimensional body and calculates sub-hologram, and timesharing reproduces
Three-dimensional reconstruction picture with occlusion effect.
The calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for wasting information is reproduced based on a kind of above-mentioned can reduce, also providing one kind can be reduced
The calculating hologram three-dimensional display system for wasting information is reproduced, by tracing of human eye sensor, light source, spatial light modulator composition, institute
State the light that light source is sent and be incident to spatial modulator, provided for whole calculating hologram three-dimensional display system and reproduce light, its feature
It is：Tracing of human eye sensor is used to identify eye-observation positional information, and the eye-observation positional information of acquisition is sent to
Computer, computer obtain the visual field scope interior energy of human eye present position according to the eye-observation positional information calculation received
It was observed that the three-dimensional bodies of all tissue points calculate sub-hologram, and load in spatial light modulator.
Compared with prior art, a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display side that can reduce reproduction waste information provided by the invention
Method and system have the following advantages：
1st, during the reconstruction of hologram, three-dimensional body information that human eye does not receive, which is considered as, to be wasted information and does not reproduce, compared to three
The complete reproduction displaying method of object information is tieed up, 3 D displaying method proposed by the present invention substantially reduces operational data amount, fills
Divide the space-bandwidth product that make use of spatial light modulator, reduce the requirement to spatial light modulator resolution ratio, and then reduce
The splicing quantity of spatial light modulator array, so as to simplify the complexity of system, plays the work for reducing and reproducing and wasting information
With；
2nd, the present invention proposes a kind of three-dimensional body computed hologram of energy Correct three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation
Generation method, digital Fresnel lens is loaded come the intensity of accuracy controlling tissue points, position and propagation using spatial light modulator
Direction, shows so as to fulfill the calculating hologram three-dimensional that can represent three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation, with laser scanning voxel
Three-dimensional Display is compared, and is produced the mode that tissue points replace laser scanning using the mode of spatial light modulator reproduction, can be dashed forward
The limitation of broken display medium, is conducive to simplify the complexity of display system, and the present invention cuts digital Fresnel by program
The mode of lens controls tissue points direction propagation, determines cutting mode according to the hiding relation of each tissue points during cutting,
One-dimensional can cut, can also two dimension cut, can with horizontal resection, can also perpendicular cuts, and horizontal resection, vertically cut
Cut, two dimension cutting corresponds to horizontal motion parallax, vertical motion parallax, full parallax, therefore the Three-dimensional Display side in the present invention respectively
Method can realize full parallax Three-dimensional Display；
3rd, during the reconstruction of hologram, the present invention is using Convergent Laser Beam illumination or the postposition one in parallel light wave illumination path
Lens, its purpose is to expand the visual angle of reproduction tissue points, increase the modification scope of spatial light modulator, increase tissue points are seen
See the cut coverage at visual angle, so as at the same time in the position coordinates of interior accuracy controlling tissue points and the direction of propagation in a big way,
Realization can represent that the calculating hologram three-dimensional of reproduction image hiding relation is shown；
4th, the 3 D displaying method in the present invention is a kind of true 3 D displaying method, and the stereo-picture of formation is that have truly
The real tri-dimension image of physical depth, will not cause two set and focal adjustments it is inconsistent, without stereos copic viewing regard it is tired
Labor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is under the conditions of parallel light, digital Fresnel lens reproduction eye-observation position can receive effective
The schematic diagram of tissue points；
Fig. 2 is under the conditions of parallel light, the computed hologram synthesized by digital Fresnel lens and digital raster reproduces
The schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
Fig. 3 is under the conditions of parallel light, the digital Fresnel lens after cutting, which reproduces eye-observation position, to be received
The schematic diagram of the effective tissue points arrived；
Fig. 4 is under the conditions of parallel light, the calculating synthesized by the digital Fresnel lens and digital raster after cutting is complete
Breath figure reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
For Fig. 5 for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, digital Fresnel lens reproduces human eye
The schematic diagram for effective tissue points that observation position can receive；
Fig. 6 is under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, and digital Fresnel lens reproduces what eye-observation position can receive
The schematic diagram of effective tissue points；
Fig. 7 is for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, by digital Fresnel lens and numeral
The computed hologram of grating synthesis reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
Fig. 8 is the computed hologram that is synthesized by digital Fresnel lens and digital raster under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition
Reproduce the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
Fig. 9 is for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, the digital Fresnel lens after cutting
Reproduce the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
Figure 10 is under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, and the digital Fresnel lens after cutting reproduces eye-observation position can
The schematic diagram of the effective tissue points received；
Figure 11 is saturating by the digital Fresnel after cutting for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition
Mirror and the computed hologram of digital raster synthesis reproduce the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive；
Figure 12 is the meter that is synthesized by the digital Fresnel lens and digital raster after cutting under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition
Calculate the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that hologram reconstruction eye-observation position can receive；
Figure 13 is to be spliced into spatial light modulator array realization using multiple spatial light modulators to reduce reproduction image wave
The flow chart of the holographic three-dimension dynamical display of calculating of charge information；
Figure 14 is under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, and spatial light modulator is spliced into using multiple spatial light modulator spaces
Array, which is realized to reduce to reproduce, wastes the system schematic that the calculating hologram three-dimensional real image of information is shown；
Figure 15 is under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, and spatial light modulator is spliced into using multiple spatial light modulator spaces
Array, which is realized to reduce to reproduce, wastes the system schematic that the calculating hologram three-dimensional virtual image of information is shown；
Wherein, xyz is rectangular coordinate system in space, 1- spatial light modulators, and 2- calculates sub-hologram, 3- eye-observations position
Put, 4- lens, 5- spatial light modulator array, 6- optical bond devices.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments：
Embodiment one：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, comprise the following steps：
1) tracing of human eye identification step：Human eye uses tracing of human eye in the holographic reconstructed image of observation space optical modulator
Sensor obtains eye-observation position 3, and obtained eye-observation positional information is transmitted to computer；
2) design units hologram step：Three-dimensional body is resolved into a series of tissue points, the tissue points are three-dimensional
The minimum composition unit of object, according to the position of human eye information obtained in step 1), searches out the field angle of human eye present position
In the range of it is observed that all tissue points, according to the intensity of each tissue points and the corresponding numeral of each tissue points of Position Design
Fresnel lens, the digital Fresnel lens, that is, elementary hologram, as shown in Figure 1.Intensity herein refers to luminous intensity, is used for
Characterize the monochrome information of the tissue points on three-dimensional body；
3) information Step that is blocked is cut：The biography of each tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation between each tissue points
Direction is broadcast, by representing hiding relation into line program cutting to elementary hologram；Specifically cutting process is：When shelter not
When transparent, then by the corresponding hologram gray scale zero setting of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram；When
When shelter is partially transparent, then by the corresponding hologram of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram
Gray scale is arranged to a fixed value, and the size of the fixed value depends on the transmitance of shelter；
4) three-dimensional body calculates sub-hologram synthesis step：By the visual field scope of the human eye present position described in step 1)
It is interior it is observed that the corresponding elementary hologram of each tissue points synthesize a complete three-dimensional body and calculate sub-hologram 2, this
Three-dimensional body calculate sub-hologram include in the visual field scope of human eye present position it is observed that three-dimensional body tissue points
All information, can accurately represent the hiding relation of reproduction image；
5) reconstruction of hologram step：Under the conditions of parallel light, computer according to the eye-observation positional information received come
The three-dimensional body for calculating the position correspondence calculates sub-hologram, and loads 1 in spatial light modulator；
6) sequential refresh step：Spatial light modulator constantly refreshes loading three-dimensional body and calculates sub-hologram, and timesharing reproduces
Three-dimensional reconstruction picture with occlusion effect.
As shown in Figure 1, digital Fresnel lens is by encoding obtained point-source hologram, alternatively referred to as primitive is holographic
Figure, has the characteristic of program-controlled zoom., can be accurate by varying the focal length f of digital Fresnel lens in space coordinates xyz
Regulate and control the lengthwise position of tissue points, i.e. z directions position.The phase information that digital Fresnel lens provides is represented by：
Wherein λ represents lambda1-wavelength, and f represents the focal length of digital Fresnel lens.Tracing of human eye sensor sensing identifies
Eye-observation position feeds back to computer, and computer refreshes corresponding calculating of loading according to the position in spatial light modulator
Hologram, the calculating sub-hologram are final to realize only comprising the effective tissue points information that can be received in the range of eye-observation
The calculating hologram three-dimensional for reducing reproduction waste information is shown.
Embodiment two：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, comprise the following steps：
On the basis of embodiment one, digital raster is added on the elementary hologram in the step 2), by digital Fresnel
Lens and digital raster synthesis computed hologram can in three dimensions accuracy controlling tissue points position coordinates, realize body
The accurate positionin of vegetarian refreshments.As shown in Fig. 2, calculate the base for the tissue points that sub-hologram can be observed effectively by eye-observation position
First hologram composition, wherein digital Fresnel lens and digital raster can all be obtained by coding, by varying digital Fresnel
The focal length of lens can regulate and control voxel with the lengthwise position of accuracy controlling tissue points by varying the cycle and orientation of digital raster
The lateral position of point.
The lateral position of tissue points is represented with (x, y), if hologram pixel total amount is M × N, therefore is loaded in the hologram
During digital raster, digital raster pixel total amount also should be M × N, and the Mathematical representation of digital raster is：
Wherein mod () represents complementation, and-M/2≤x≤M/2-1 ,-N/2≤y≤N/2-1, T are the week of digital raster
Phase, the digital raster of different orientation can be obtained when b with t values are different.
Embodiment three：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, in the base of embodiment two
On plinth further：In the step 2), the propagation of each tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation between each tissue points
Direction, by realizing hiding relation into line program cutting to elementary hologram, as shown in Figure 3.The mode of cutting is described
Elementary hologram on the corresponding hologram gray scale of the information that is blocked of each tissue points is arranged to a fixed value, wherein being hidden
The corresponding hologram of gear information is interpreted as a part of region on the corresponding elementary hologram of tissue points, when shelter is opaque
When, then by the corresponding hologram gray scale zero setting of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram；When blocking
When thing is partially transparent, then by the corresponding hologram gray scale of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram
A fixed value is arranged to, the size of the fixed value is set according to the transmitance of shelter.By taking one-dimensional square as an example, if not cutting
The one-dimensional square pixel number of digital Fresnel lens be M, the observation visual angle of its tissue points reproduced is θ, the number after cutting
The one-dimensional square pixel number of word Fresnel lens isWherein n is point of remaining digital Fresnel lens after cutting
Block number, βiFor remaining i-th block number word Fresnel lens after cutting pixel number account for do not cut when total pixel proportionality coefficient,
And haveThen the observation visual angle for the tissue points that the digital Fresnel lens after cutting reproduces is
The direction of propagation for reproducing tissue points is controlled in this angular range, so as to fulfill the direction propagation of tissue points is reproduced.Into
During row Three-dimensional Display, the direction of propagation of tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation of each tissue points, and then determines the luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite of numeral
The cutting mode of ear lens, one-dimensional can cut, can also two dimension cut, can with horizontal resection, can also perpendicular cuts, and
Horizontal resection, perpendicular cuts, two dimension cutting correspond to horizontal motion parallax, vertical motion parallax, full parallax, therefore the present invention respectively
In 3 D displaying method can realize full parallax Three-dimensional Display.Cutting herein is only needed to loading in spatial light modulator
During digital Fresnel lens, according to the hiding relation between tissue points, hologram ash corresponding with tissue points block information is set
Angle value, so that the three-dimensional visual sense with occlusion effect can be obtained in reproduction image.
Example IV：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, on the basis of embodiment three
Upper addition digital raster, as shown in figure 4, being that calculating synthesized by the digital Fresnel lens and digital raster after cutting is holographic
Figure reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, and digital raster is synthesized with digital Fresnel lens
Calculating sub-hologram can at the same time accuracy controlling tissue points position coordinates and the direction of propagation, plus to tissue points block information
Corresponding elementary hologram cutting process, so as to correctly reproduce the occlusion effect of tissue points in three dimensions.
Embodiment five：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, using Convergent Laser Beam
The illumination or mode of postposition one lens 4 builds reconstruction of hologram system in parallel light wave illumination path.In view of current
The physical parameters such as the Pixel Dimensions of commercial space optical modulator, resolution ratio are limited, this can cause the viewing visual angle for reproducing tissue points
The problems such as relatively narrow, spatial light modulator modification scope is smaller, the cut coverage of tissue points viewing visual angle is smaller.Asked for these
Topic, the present invention are illuminated using Convergent Laser Beam or built in parallel light wave illumination path by the way of one lens of postposition complete
Playback system is ceased, as shown in Fig. 5 to Figure 12.Fig. 5 is for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, numeral
Fresnel lens reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, and Fig. 6 illuminates for Convergent Laser Beam
Under the conditions of, digital Fresnel lens reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, compared to such as
Parallel light wave shown in Fig. 1 illuminates and is not added with the situation of lens, is illuminated using Convergent Laser Beam or in parallel light wave illumination light
One lens of postposition can effectively expand the visual angle for reproducing tissue points in road, and by varying Jiao of digital Fresnel lens
Away from equally can be with the lengthwise position of accuracy controlling tissue points, i.e. z directions position.Fig. 7 is parallel light and postposition in the optical path
Under conditions of one lens, the computed hologram synthesized by digital Fresnel lens and digital raster reproduces eye-observation position energy
The schematic diagram of the effective tissue points enough received, Fig. 8 are under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, by digital Fresnel lens and numeral
The computed hologram of grating synthesis reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, compared to such as figure
Parallel light wave shown in 2 illuminates and is not added with the situation of lens, is illuminated using Convergent Laser Beam or in parallel light wave illumination path
Middle one lens of postposition can effectively increase the modification scope of spatial light modulator, not only can be by varying digital raster
It is orientated the lateral position of accuracy controlling tissue points, i.e. x directions and y directions position, and increased compared to the situation shown in Fig. 2
The modification scope of lateral position.Fig. 9 is for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, the numeral after cutting
Fresnel lens reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, and Figure 10 illuminates for Convergent Laser Beam
Under the conditions of, the digital Fresnel lens after cutting reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive,
Compared to parallel light wave illumination as shown in Figure 3 and the situation of lens is not added with, is illuminated using Convergent Laser Beam or in directional light
One lens of postposition can effectively increase the cut coverage of tissue points viewing visual angle in ripple illumination path, realize compared with wide viewing angle
In the range of control tissue points the direction of propagation.Figure 11 for parallel light and in the optical path under conditions of one lens of postposition, by
The computed hologram of digital Fresnel lens and digital raster synthesis after cutting reproduces what eye-observation position can receive
The schematic diagram of effective tissue points, Figure 12 are under Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition, by the digital Fresnel lens and numeral after cutting
The computed hologram of grating synthesis reproduces the schematic diagram for effective tissue points that eye-observation position can receive, compared to such as figure
Parallel light wave shown in 4 illuminates and is not added with the situation of lens, is illuminated using Convergent Laser Beam or in parallel light wave illumination path
Middle one lens of postposition can be at the same time in the position coordinates of interior accuracy controlling tissue points and the direction of propagation in a big way, can be correct
Represent the hiding relation of tissue points, shown so as to fulfill the calculating hologram three-dimensional that can represent three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation
Show.As it was previously stated, the light path being made of light source, spatial light modulator and lens be able to can be received with reproducing eye-observation position
That arrives has the directive property tissue points of the fixed direction of propagation, and the intensity of tissue points and the direction of propagation can be by accuracy controllings.
Therefore, the hiding relation of tissue points can be by Correct.
Embodiment six：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, in the step 5)
The spatial light modulator array 5 that spatial light modulator forms for splicing.Tissue points substantial amounts in view of forming three-dimensional body,
It is possible that reproducing, information content is excessive, and beyond the situation of single spatial light modulator bearing capacity, the present invention is using splicing sky
Between optical modulator improve the space-bandwidth product of system, realize that increase shows the purpose of three-dimensional image size, utilize multiple spatial lights
Modulator space is spliced into spatial light modulator array and realizes that reducing the calculating hologram three-dimensional for reproducing waste information shows.The display
The flow of method is as shown in figure 13, when tracing of human eye sensor sensing recognizes human eye position, while by the positional information
Computer is fed back to, computer calculates the corresponding sub-hologram in the position according to three-dimensional body sub-hologram generation method, described
Three-dimensional body sub-hologram generation method be based on calculate principle of holography, with digital Fresnel lens (or elementary hologram)
Holographic reconstructed image represents the full detail of tissue points, the carrier by the use of spatial light modulator as digital Fresnel lens, essence
The really amplitude information and phase information of regulation and control tissue points, reproducing has the directive property tissue points of the fixed direction of propagation, so that group
Into the 3-d reproduction picture with occlusion effect.Being spliced into spatial light modulator array by multiple spatial light modulators can expand
Space-bandwidth product, so as to increase display three-dimensional image size.Spacescan principle is divided to produce 3-d reproduction picture based on tissue points, there is provided
To the eye-observation at the eye-observation position.Constantly refresh loading sub-hologram with spatial light modulator array,
A series of three-dimensional reconstruction pictures with occlusion effect can with timesharing be obtained, reproduce the meter for wasting information so as to fulfill that can reduce
Calculate holographic three-dimension dynamical display.
Embodiment seven：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, in the step 5)
Human eye can be received directly by the modulated reconstruction wavefront of spatial light modulator, so that it was observed that the real image reproduced.Figure 14 is convergence
Under the conditions of spherical wave illumination, it is spliced into spatial light modulator array using multiple spatial light modulator spaces and realizes that reduction reproduces wave
The system schematic that the calculating hologram three-dimensional real image of charge information is shown.By the seamless spliced mode of multiple spatial light modulators,
The corresponding sub-hologram of effective tissue points that loading eye-observation position can receive, is illuminated spliced using Convergent Laser Beam
The spatial light modulator array connected, can be at the same time in interior the accuracy controlling in a big way each intensity of effective tissue points, position
And the direction of propagation, it is capable of the hiding relations of Correct tissue points, human eye can be straight when being located at sensed eye-observation position
Real image information is received, is shown so as to fulfill the calculating hologram three-dimensional real image for reducing reproduction waste information.With spatial light
Modulator array constantly refreshes loading computed hologram, it is possible to achieve can reduce reproduction and waste information and represent three-dimensional body again
The calculating holography dynamic 3 D real image of phenomenon hiding relation is shown.
Embodiment eight：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, light in the step 5)
Line is additionally provided with optical bond device 6 in the reproduction light path after spatial light modulator, common optical bond device includes beam splitting rib
Virtual image information can be observed by optical bond device in mirror and semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, human eye.Figure 15 be Convergent Laser Beam lighting condition under,
It is spliced into spatial light modulator array using multiple spatial light modulator spaces and realizes to reduce and reproduces the calculating holography for wasting information
The system schematic that the three-dimensional virtual image is shown, passes through the seamless spliced mode of multiple spatial light modulators, loading eye-observation position
The corresponding sub-hologram of effective tissue points that can be received, the space light modulation spliced using Convergent Laser Beam illumination
Device array, can be at the same time in interior the accuracy controlling in a big way each intensity of effective tissue points, position and the direction of propagation, Neng Gouzheng
Really represent the hiding relation of tissue points, rebuild wavefront and human eye is entered by the optical bond such as semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens/beam splitter prism device, make
Observer is located at eye-observation position and receives effective three-dimensional virtual image information, while can be observed by optical bond device
Real world information, shows so as to fulfill the calculating hologram three-dimensional virtual image for reducing reproduction waste information.With space light modulation
Device array constantly refreshes loading computed hologram, it is possible to achieve can reduce reproduction and waste information and represent three-dimensional body reproduction image
The calculating holography dynamic 3 D virtual image of hiding relation is shown.The virtual image display system applies also for augmented reality display field,
Human eye observes virtual reappearance image and real physical world at the same time, produces the effect of virtual reality fusion.
Embodiment nine：It is a kind of to reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display system for reproducing and wasting information, sensed by tracing of human eye
Device, light source, spatial light modulator composition, the light that the light source is sent is incident to spatial modulator, is whole calculating holography three
Tie up display system and provide and reproduce light, the tracking of tracing of human eye sensor obtains eye-observation positional information and is sent to computer, counts
Calculation machine obtained according to the positional information calculation received in the visual field scope of human eye present position it is observed that all voxels
The three-dimensional body of point calculates sub-hologram, and loads in spatial light modulator, and the three-dimensional body calculates sub-hologram bag
Intensity, position and the direction of propagation containing all effectively tissue points in the range of eye-observation, can Correct three-dimensional body reproduction image
Hiding relation, realizes that reducing the calculating hologram three-dimensional for reproducing waste information shows.
Preferably：
Also coding is useful for the digital raster of the lateral position of regulation and control tissue points on the calculating sub-hologram.By numeral
Fresnel lens and the calculating sub-hologram of digital raster synthesis can be sat the position of accuracy controlling tissue points in three dimensions
Mark, realizes the accurate positionin of tissue points.
The spatial light modulator is reflection-type, or the spatial light modulator of transmission-type.
The light source is laser light source or LED light source.
The spatial light modulator is the space being made of several spatial light modulators by the way of seamless spliced
Light modulator arrays.
The direction of propagation of each tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation between each tissue points, by holographic to primitive
Figure represents hiding relation into line program cutting.Specifically cutting process is：When shelter is opaque, then in the primitive
By the corresponding hologram gray scale zero setting of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on hologram；When shelter is partially transparent, then
The corresponding hologram gray scale of the information that is blocked of each tissue points is arranged to a fixed value on the elementary hologram, should
The size of fixed value depends on the transmitance of shelter.Cutting side is determined according to the hiding relation of each tissue points during cutting
Formula, one-dimensional can cut, can also two dimension cut, can with horizontal resection, can also perpendicular cuts, and horizontal resection, vertically
Cutting, two dimension cutting correspond to horizontal motion parallax, vertical motion parallax, full parallax, therefore the Three-dimensional Display in the present invention respectively
Method can realize full parallax Three-dimensional Display.
The observation that hologram three-dimensional display system is applicable not only to real image is calculated, can be applied to field of virtual reality, it is same suitable
For the observation of the virtual image, in virtual image display system, light is additionally provided with optics in the reproduction light path after spatial light modulator
Colligator, the virtual images information reproduced through spatial light modulator can be merged with real physical world, can be applied to augmented reality
Field.
Divide the principle of spacescan based on tissue points, splicing multiple spatial light modulators by space forms space light modulation
Device array, can effectively improve space-bandwidth product, and computed hologram is loaded using spatial light modulator array fast refresh, can
To realize dynamic holographic Three-dimensional Display.
In conclusion the invention discloses a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reducing reproduction waste information and it is
System.In the present invention, observation position residing for human eye is identified by tracing of human eye sensor sensing, while positional information is fed back
To computer, computer calculates effective three-dimensional that eye-observation position can receive by three-dimensional body sub-hologram generation method
The corresponding sub-hologram of object information is loaded in spatial light modulator so as to which the reconstruction of hologram goes out the finger with the fixed direction of propagation
Tropism tissue points, divide the principle of spacescan to realize that can reduce reproduction wastes information and represent three-dimensional article using tissue points
The calculating hologram three-dimensional of body reproduction image hiding relation shows, refreshing loading computed hologram with reference to spatial light modulator array can be with
Realize three-dimension dynamical display.The Three-dimensional Display that method of the present invention can be realized is divided into three-dimensional real image and shows and three-dimensional again
The virtual image is shown.In three-dimensional real image display system, the reconstruction wavefront after the direct reception space light modulator modulates of human eye is only needed i.e.
Can.In three-dimensional virtual image display system, using the method for adding optical bond device, human eye is set both to have been received by optical bond device
The three-dimensional body virtual image information of reproduction, and the information of real physical world can be observed at the same time, produce the effect of virtual reality fusion.
A kind of reduce proposed by the present invention reproduces the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for wasting information and system has that refresh rate is fast, fortune
Calculate data volume it is few, can Correct three-dimensional body reproduction image hiding relation, can represent full parallax, no visual fatigue, can answer
The features such as virtual reality and augmented reality.
The technical program unspecified part belongs to technology well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of can reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods for reproducing and wasting information, comprise the following steps：
1) tracing of human eye identification step：Human eye uses human eye tracking sensing in the holographic reconstructed image of observation space optical modulator
Device obtains eye-observation position, and obtained eye-observation positional information is transmitted to computer；
2) design units hologram step：Three-dimensional body is resolved into a series of tissue points, the tissue points are three-dimensional body
Minimum composition unit, according to the position of human eye information obtained in step 1), search out the visual field scope of human eye present position
It is interior it is observed that all tissue points, according to the corresponding luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite of numeral of the intensity of each tissue points and each tissue points of Position Design
Ear lens, the digital Fresnel lens, that is, elementary hologram；
3) information Step that is blocked is cut：The propagation side of each tissue points is determined according to the hiding relation between each tissue points
To by representing hiding relation into line program cutting to elementary hologram；The program is cut into：When shelter is opaque
When, then by the corresponding hologram gray scale zero setting of the information that is blocked of each tissue points on the elementary hologram；
4) three-dimensional body calculates sub-hologram synthesis step：By the visual field scope interior energy of the human eye present position described in step 1)
It was observed that the corresponding elementary hologram of each tissue points synthesize a complete three-dimensional body calculating sub-hologram, the three-dimensional article
Body calculate sub-hologram include human eye present position visual field scope in it is observed that three-dimensional body tissue points all letters
Breath；
5) reconstruction of hologram step：Under the conditions of parallel light, computer is calculated according to the eye-observation positional information received
The three-dimensional body of the position correspondence calculates sub-hologram, and loads in spatial light modulator；
6) sequential refresh step：Spatial light modulator constantly refreshes loading three-dimensional body and calculates sub-hologram, and timesharing, which reproduces, to be had
The three-dimensional reconstruction picture of occlusion effect.
2. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 1, its feature
It is：Digital raster is added by coding mode on the corresponding elementary hologram of each tissue points in the step 2), is led to
Cross and change the focal length of the digital Fresnel lens to regulate and control the lengthwise position of tissue points, by varying digital raster cycle and
It is orientated to regulate and control the lateral position of tissue points.
3. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 1, its feature
It is：In the step 3), when shelter is partially transparent, then by the quilt of each tissue points on the elementary hologram
The corresponding hologram gray scale of block information is arranged to a fixed value, and the size of the fixed value depends on the transmitance of shelter.
4. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 1, its feature
It is：In the step 5), when the virtual image is shown, optical bond is additionally provided between eye-observation position and spatial light modulator
Device.
5. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display methods that can reduce reproduction waste information according to one of claim 1-4,
It is characterized in that：The spatial light modulator array that the step 5) spatial light modulator forms for splicing.
6. a kind of can reduce the calculating hologram three-dimensional display system for reproducing and wasting information, by tracing of human eye sensor, light source, space
Optical modulator forms, and the light that the light source is sent is incident to spatial modulator, is carried for whole calculating hologram three-dimensional display system
For reproducing light, it is characterised in that：Tracing of human eye sensor is used to identify eye-observation positional information, and by the eye-observation of acquisition
Positional information is sent to computer, and computer obtains human eye present position according to the eye-observation positional information calculation received
In visual field scope it is observed that the three-dimensional bodies of all tissue points calculate sub-hologram, and load on spatial light modulator
On.
7. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display system that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 6, its feature
It is：The three-dimensional body calculates the digital raster that the lateral position for being useful for regulation and control tissue points is also encoded on sub-hologram.
8. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display system that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 6 or 7, it is special
Sign is：The three-dimensional being made of the elementary hologram of observable effectively tissue points is loaded with the spatial light modulator
Object calculates sub-hologram, and what three-dimensional body calculating sub-hologram included is the visual field scope interior energy sight of human eye present position
All tissue points information observed, and in the three-dimensional body computed hologram tissue points the corresponding hologram of the information that is blocked
Gray scale is a fixed value, wherein when shelter is opaque, then each tissue points are blocked on the elementary hologram
The corresponding hologram gray scale of information is zero；When shelter for it is partially transparent when, then each voxel on the elementary hologram
The corresponding hologram gray scale of the information that is blocked of point is a fixed value, and the size of the fixed value depends on the transmitance of shelter.
9. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display system that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 8, its feature
It is：When the virtual image is shown, light is additionally provided with optical bond device in the reproduction light path after spatial light modulator.
10. a kind of calculating hologram three-dimensional display system that can reduce reproduction waste information according to claim 8, its feature
It is：The spatial light modulator is the spatial light modulator array being spliced into by several spatial light modulators.
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