CN107976667A - A kind of APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar - Google Patents
A kind of APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN107976667A CN107976667A CN201610968997.9A CN201610968997A CN107976667A CN 107976667 A CN107976667 A CN 107976667A CN 201610968997 A CN201610968997 A CN 201610968997A CN 107976667 A CN107976667 A CN 107976667A
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- module
- apd
- voltage
- amplification
- laser radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
Abstract
A kind of APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar, including APD photoelectric sensing modules, across resistance amplification module, voltage amplification module, filter module, adjustable high-pressure modular, temperature sensing module, interface module, low-tension supply module.The present invention realizes low noise, high bandwidth, high-gain current voltage conversion and the amplification of the weak current of APD photo sensor output using trans-impedance amplifier and the gain chain structure of multilevel voltage amplifier cascade；Out-of-band noise, lifting system sensitivity are filtered out using high-order Bessel filter, while non-linear distortion is not produced to signal waveform；Using bias real-time regulating method, the nonlinearity problem for overcoming APD photo sensor to be brought by temperature change, realizes the photodetection of high linearity.The invention can effectively solve Full wave shape measurement laser radar system and receive the highly sensitive of optical signal, Larger Dynamic and high linearity detection demand, be also applied for other laser radar system and weak optical signal detection occasions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser radar technique field, more particularly to laser radar APD detection devices.
Background technology
Laser radar is a kind of new active remote sensing instrument, and Full wave shape measures laser radar with the highly sensitive detection in broadband
Technology, high-fidelity obtains, recording laser detection echo-signal, carries out full digital processing and wavelet analysis, parsing time domain, spatial domain,
Frequency domain information, high accuracy obtain target range, reflectivity, Roughness Information and its distribution characteristics.
It is small to wait protrusion excellent since avalanche photodide (APD) detector has responsiveness height, fast response time
Point, the preferred detector that it is received into return laser beam in laser radar and laser ranging system, APD weak optical signal detection skills
Art is one of key technology of laser acquisition fields, it designs the detectability for directly affecting small-signal, has important reality
With value.
Traditional range laser radar mainly carries out laser echo pulse forward position threshold test, therefore APD is detected and is filled
The requirement put is relatively low, it is only necessary to has higher detectivity, it is allowed to echo waveform saturation, distortion in addition to pulse front edge.All-wave
Shape instrumentation radar needs to receive Laser emission and the same detector of echo-signal, therefore its APD detection device removes high sensitivity
It is required that it is outer, also pursue the high-fidelity amplification to laser signal, it is therefore desirable to which Laser emission and echo-signal wide band high-gain are put
Greatly, while ensure that echo-signal will not cause wave distortion because of saturation.Existing APD detection devices can not meet spaceborne
Full wave shape measures the detection demand of laser radar.
As China is in the increase of spaceborne Full wave shape measurement laser radar application, the demand of laser radar APD detection devices
Also it is more urgent.So develop highly sensitive, Larger Dynamic, high linearity APD detection devices are to improve laser radar system performance to refer to
Target directly requires and important guarantee.
The content of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention solve technical problem be：Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind and be used for all-wave
Shape measures the APD detection devices of laser radar, and it is highly sensitive, big dynamic to solve spaceborne Full wave shape measurement laser radar reception optical signal
The detection problem of state, high linearity, is also applied for other laser radar system and weak optical signal detection occasions.
The technical solution that the present invention uses：
It is a kind of for Full wave shape measurement laser radar APD detection devices, including APD photoelectric sensings module, across resistance amplify
Module, voltage amplification module and filter module；
APD photoelectric sensings module receives externally input pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals are carried out with opto-electronic conversion, and will
Transformed current signal is sent into across resistance amplification module, and current signal carries out high-gain electricity after resistance amplification module is to opto-electronic conversion
Voltage conversion amplification is flowed, output voltage signal gives voltage amplification module, and voltage amplification module is used for across resistance amplification module output
Voltage signal be amplified, amplified voltage signal is filtered by filter module, realizes the suppression to out-of-band noise
System, the shape information of output Full wave shape measurement laser radar.
Further include adjustable high-pressure modular, temperature sensing module, interface module and low-tension supply module；
Temperature sensing module monitors the temperature of APD photoelectric sensing modules, and is converted to corresponding electric signal output, according to temperature
The electric signal of conversion is spent, high voltage remote control signal is generated, controls adjustable high-pressure modular to be provided for APD photoelectric sensing modules adjustable
Bias high voltage；
Interface module is used to provide temperature sensing module and adjustable high-pressure modular and exterior interface, and low-tension supply module is used
In power supply.
Become gain chain with voltage amplification module-cascade across resistance amplification module, low noise wideband is used across resistance amplification module
Amplifier, voltage amplification module is using wideband double-path classification cascade structure.
The voltage amplification module is specially that voltage amplification module includes the first order using wideband double-path classification cascade structure
Broad band amplifier, second level high gain wideband amplifier and second level low gain broad band amplifier, across resistance amplification module output
Voltage signal carries out the gain amplification of 20dB bases by first order broad band amplifier, then is put respectively by second level high-gain broadband
Big device and second level low gain broad band amplifier carry out plus and blowup and low gain amplification, two-way voltage signal after output amplification
To filter module.
The adjustable high-pressure modular includes adjustable high voltage power supply, the first amplifier, DAC, bleeder circuit and the second amplifier；
Externally input high voltage remote control signal is input in DAC and carries out digital-to-analogue conversion by interface module, the simulation of generation
After amount signal is amplified by the first amplifier, it is input in adjustable high voltage power supply, adjustable high voltage power supply is according to receiving
Analog quantity adjustment to APD photoelectric sensings module provide bias high voltage export；Meanwhile the bias high voltage output is also by dividing
Volt circuit is converted to low-voltage signal, and the output of high pressure telemetered signal is generated after the amplification of the second amplifier.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) APD detection devices gain chain of the present invention is using trans-impedance amplifier and the gain of multilevel voltage amplifier cascade
Chain structure, can lift channel detection sensitivity and dynamic range；
(2) APD detection devices mesohigh adjustment module of the present invention can realize that the bias of APD photo sensor is adjusted in real time,
The change of avalanche gain, makes APD work in constant-gain, overcomes APD photo sensor because of temperature caused by compensation temperature changes
Change the nonlinearity problem brought, ensure the photodetection of high linearity；
(3) APD detection devices of the present invention have higher environmental suitability, and can do in actual use corresponding
System backup, to meet that radiating under spaceborne environment, heat, electromagnetic compatibility etc. require；
(4) APD detection devices of the present invention are suitable for spaceborne, airborne and general ground Full wave shape measurement laser radar, together
Sample can be adapted for other laser radar system and weak optical signal detection occasions；
(5) filter module of the present invention is realized using high-order Bessel filter, filters out out-of-band noise, lifting system detection
Sensitivity, while non-linear distortion is not produced to signal waveform.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 forms structure diagram for APD detection devices of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the test result figure of APD detection devices of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar, including APD
Photoelectric sensing module, across resistance amplification module, voltage amplification module, filter module, adjustable high-pressure modular, temperature sensing module,
Interface module and low-tension supply module；
APD photoelectric sensings module receives externally input pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals are carried out with opto-electronic conversion, and will
Transformed current signal is sent into across resistance amplification module, and current signal carries out high-gain electricity after resistance amplification module is to opto-electronic conversion
Voltage conversion amplification (first carry out conversion of the electric current to voltage, then be amplified to voltage signal) is flowed, output voltage signal is to electricity
Amplification module is pressed, voltage amplification module is used for being amplified across the voltage signal of resistance amplification module output, amplified voltage
Signal is filtered by filter module, realizes the suppression to out-of-band noise, the waveform of output Full wave shape measurement laser radar
Information.
APD photoelectric sensing modules are a kind of semiconductor detectors of inner photoeffect, under non-illuminated conditions, the sky of PN junction
Between charged region there are built in field, the drift of hole and electronics to reach balance.When having under illumination condition, apply on PN junction certain
Reverse biased, makes to be accelerated by the electron hole pair that illumination produces, so as to produce collision with lattice, produces intracell atom
Raw ionization, manufactures new electron hole pair, this process constantly repeats, and PN junction carriers is increased sharply, obtains photoelectric current
To multiplication.The present invention selects C30954E detectors to realize photoelectric converting function.
Temperature sensing module monitors the temperature of APD photoelectric sensing modules, and is converted to corresponding electric signal output, according to temperature
The electric signal of conversion is spent, high voltage remote control signal is generated, controls adjustable high-pressure modular to be provided for APD photoelectric sensing modules adjustable
Bias high voltage；Interface module is used to provide temperature sensing module and adjustable high-pressure modular and exterior interface, low-tension supply module
For powering.
Become gain chain with voltage amplification module-cascade across resistance amplification module, low noise wideband is used across resistance amplification module
Amplifier, voltage amplification module is using wideband double-path classification cascade structure.
Voltage amplification module is specially that voltage amplification module includes first order broadband using wideband double-path classification cascade structure
Amplifier, second level high gain wideband amplifier and second level low gain broad band amplifier, across the voltage of resistance amplification module output
Signal carries out the gain amplification of 20dB bases by first order broad band amplifier, then passes through second level high gain wideband amplifier respectively
Plus and blowup and low gain amplification are carried out with second level low gain broad band amplifier, two-way voltage signal is to filter after exporting amplification
Ripple device module.Plus and blowup refers to carry out the amplification that gain is 40~60dB, low gain amplification refer to carry out 10~
The amplification of 20dB.
Channel detection dynamic range can be substantially improved in the amplification of high low gain two-way, ensure echo-signal will not because of saturation and
Cause wave distortion.Meanwhile to realize the detection demand of detection device narrow pulse signal, across resistance amplification, the first order, second level electricity
It is 180MHz to press big circuit bandwidth design load, and cascade realizes that 150MHz broadbands are amplified.Trans-impedance amplifier and broadband in the present invention
Amplifier selects the OPA847 low-noise wide-band amplifiers of TI companies, its gain bandwidth product is up to 3900MHz, input noise electricity
Percent consolidation is 0.85nV/HZ-1/2, input noise current density is 2.5pA/HZ-1/2, meet application demand.
Filter module of the present invention realizes that the exponent number of high-order Bessel filter is 5 using high-order Bessel filter
~9 ranks.High-gain path and low-gain channel are filtered by high-order Bessel filter.
High-order Bessel filter is realized using the design of Passive LC device, to be matched with frontend amplifying circuit, wave filter-
Three dB bandwidth is designed as 150MHz, realizes the suppression of out-of-band noise, due to the group delay permanent character of Bessel filter, improves
Non-linear distortion is not caused to signal while passage signal-to-noise ratio, meet the high-fidelity detection demand of signal.
Adjustable high-pressure modular includes adjustable high voltage power supply, the first amplifier, DAC, bleeder circuit and the second amplifier；
Externally input high voltage remote control signal is input in DAC and carries out digital-to-analogue conversion by interface module, the simulation of generation
After amount signal is amplified by the first amplifier, it is input in adjustable high voltage power supply, adjustable high voltage power supply is according to receiving
Analog quantity adjustment to APD photoelectric sensings module provide bias high voltage export；Meanwhile the bias high voltage output is also by dividing
Volt circuit is converted to low-voltage signal, and the output of high pressure telemetered signal is generated after the amplification of the second amplifier.
Real-time, the accurate corresponding voltage signal that is converted to of temperature change of the temperature sensing module to detector exports, and
Exterior collection is given by matched interfaces, according to the temperature data measured and 2.1V/ DEG C of temperature adjustment coefficient, produces high pressure tune
Telecommand is saved, in the DAC that high voltage adjusting module is inputed to by the SPI interface of RS422 level, DAC produces the simulation of 0~5V
Control signal, realizes that the high-pressure modular of 0~2.048V controls voltage after the adjusting of the first amplifier, controls the adjustable high-pressure modular to be
APD detectors provide the bias high voltage of 0~500V, realize that the bias of APD photo sensor is adjusted in real time, and compensation temperature, which changes, to be made
Into avalanche gain change, APD is worked in constant-gain, the response for overcoming APD photo sensor to be brought by temperature change
Nonlinear problem, ensures the photodetection of high linearity.
Embodiment：
The present invention has been applied in a spaceborne vegetation Full wave shape measurement laser radar apparatus, which passes through APD
Detection device carries out the Laser emission and echo impulse of 1064nm wavelength opto-electronic conversion and amplifies with broadband, amplified signal send to
The high-speed a/d of radar signal processing unit carries out Signal acquiring and processing.
After tested, APD detection devices can put the undistorted opto-electronic conversion of the optical signal of 10nW~2450nW progress with broadband
Greatly, amplitude output signal is 8mV~1540mV, and optical signal detection sensitivity is up to 10nW, and module gain is 0.8MV/W, linearly
Dynamic range is more than 45dB, and test result is as shown in Figure 2.Meet the application demand of spaceborne vegetation Full wave shape measurement laser radar.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar, it is characterised in that：Including APD photoelectric sensings module, Across resistance amplification module, voltage amplification module and filter module；APD photoelectric sensings module receives externally input pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals are carried out with opto-electronic conversion, and will conversion Current signal afterwards is sent into across resistance amplification module, and current signal carries out high-gain current electricity after resistance amplification module is to opto-electronic conversion Pressure conversion amplification, output voltage signal give voltage amplification module, and voltage amplification module is used for the electricity across resistance amplification module output Pressure signal is amplified, and amplified voltage signal is filtered by filter module, realizes the suppression to out-of-band noise, defeated Go out the shape information of Full wave shape measurement laser radar.
- A kind of 2. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Further include adjustable high-pressure modular, temperature sensing module, interface module and low-tension supply module；Temperature sensing module monitors the temperature of APD photoelectric sensing modules, and is converted to corresponding electric signal output, is turned according to temperature The electric signal changed, generates high voltage remote control signal, controls adjustable high-pressure modular to provide adjustable biasing for APD photoelectric sensing modules High pressure；Interface module is used to provide temperature sensing module and adjustable high-pressure modular and exterior interface, and low-tension supply module is used to supply Electricity.
- A kind of 3. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Become gain chain with voltage amplification module-cascade across resistance amplification module, low-noise wide-band amplifier used across resistance amplification module, Voltage amplification module is using wideband double-path classification cascade structure.
- A kind of 4. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 3, it is characterised in that： The voltage amplification module is specially that voltage amplification module is amplified including first order broadband using wideband double-path classification cascade structure Device, second level high gain wideband amplifier and second level low gain broad band amplifier, across the voltage signal of resistance amplification module output The gain amplification of 20dB bases is carried out by first order broad band amplifier, then passes through second level high gain wideband amplifier and the respectively Two level low gain broad band amplifier carries out plus and blowup and low gain amplification, and two-way voltage signal is to wave filter after exporting amplification Module.
- A kind of 5. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 4, it is characterised in that： The plus and blowup refers to the amplification that progress gain is 40~60dB, and the low gain amplification refers to putting for 10~20dB of carry out Greatly.
- A kind of 6. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The filter module realizes that the exponent number of high-order Bessel filter is 5~9 ranks using high-order Bessel filter.
- A kind of 7. APD detection devices for Full wave shape measurement laser radar according to claim 2, it is characterised in that： The adjustable high-pressure modular includes adjustable high voltage power supply, the first amplifier, DAC, bleeder circuit and the second amplifier；Externally input high voltage remote control signal is input in DAC by interface module and carries out digital-to-analogue conversion, the analog quantity of generation is believed After number being amplified by the first amplifier, it is input in adjustable high voltage power supply, adjustable high voltage power supply is according to the mould received Analog quantity adjustment exports the bias high voltage that APD photoelectric sensings module provides；Meanwhile the bias high voltage output also passes through partial pressure electricity Road is converted to low-voltage signal, and the output of high pressure telemetered signal is generated after the amplification of the second amplifier.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN109283547A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-29 | 成都昊图新创科技有限公司 | Laser Distance Measuring Equipment |
| CN109814085A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-28 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | A kind of laser radar temperature-compensation method, device, system and equipment |
| CN111049500A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 西安中科微精光子制造科技有限公司 | Filter for decomposing galvanometer and servo position |
| CN112099034A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Pulse signal measuring circuit and laser radar system |
| CN112415539A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-02-26 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Satellite-borne atmospheric laser radar PMT detection device |
| CN112558107A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-26 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Direct current baseline adjusting device and method for increasing instantaneous dynamic state of laser radar |
| CN114207464A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Laser receiving device and laser radar |
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| CN117148368A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-12-01 | 探维科技(苏州)有限公司 | APD and optimal gain determining method, control method, device and laser radar thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109283547A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-29 | 成都昊图新创科技有限公司 | Laser Distance Measuring Equipment |
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| CN114270807A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2022-04-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Image pickup apparatus |
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| CN114207464B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Laser receiving device and laser radar |
| CN112099034A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Pulse signal measuring circuit and laser radar system |
| CN112558107A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-26 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Direct current baseline adjusting device and method for increasing instantaneous dynamic state of laser radar |
| CN112415539A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-02-26 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Satellite-borne atmospheric laser radar PMT detection device |
| CN117148368A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-12-01 | 探维科技(苏州)有限公司 | APD and optimal gain determining method, control method, device and laser radar thereof |
| CN117148368B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2024-04-12 | 探维科技(苏州)有限公司 | APD and optimal gain determining method, control method, device and laser radar thereof |
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