CN107976251A - A kind of transmission pressure structure destroys on-line monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of transmission pressure structure destroys on-line monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107976251A CN107976251A CN201711129621.XA CN201711129621A CN107976251A CN 107976251 A CN107976251 A CN 107976251A CN 201711129621 A CN201711129621 A CN 201711129621A CN 107976251 A CN107976251 A CN 107976251A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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Abstract
A kind of transmission pressure structure disclosed by the invention destroys on-line monitoring system, including sequentially connected optical fiber acceleration transducer, optical signal demodulation device, A/D converter and microprocessor, microprocessor is also connected with wind speed wind direction sensor, and microprocessor is also sequentially connected with 3G module and monitoring center.System carries out structure intact conducting wire with monitoring center the intrinsic frequency that model analysis obtains and contrasts, realize the judgement that transmission pressure structure is destroyed by the conducting wire intrinsic frequency being calculated in microprocessor.The invention also discloses the monitoring method that conductor structure destroys, specific steps include four steps of diagnosis that structural integrity conducting wire models and model analysis, the processing of acceleration signal, the model analysis based on acceleration signal and conductor structure destroy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power transmission state monitoring and diagnostic techniques field, and in particular to a kind of transmission pressure structure is destroyed
On-line monitoring system, the invention further relates to the monitoring method carried out using the on-line monitoring system.
Background technology
In electric system, important step of the transmission line of electricity as power transmission, its safe operation is to ensure electrical energy transportation
An important factor for ability.Promoted recently as supertension line, the continuous of extra high voltage line, long-span electric transmission line is increasingly
It is more, and the accidents such as transmission line breakage caused by aeolian vibration breaks, damper comes off, also increasingly it can not be ignored.
Aeolian vibration is a kind of all existing phenomenon of all overhead transmission lines, currently in order to reducing aeolian vibration to transmission of electricity
The destruction of conducting wire, is studied with regard to various aspects such as vibration monitoring, vibration prevention, conducting wire recovery techniques, plays both at home and abroad
Certain effect.But in terms of current vibration of power transmission line monitoring, it is only limitted to conductor vibration frequency, amplitude, dynamic bending strain etc. and shakes
The measurement of dynamic characteristic parameter, and conducting wire life appraisal model of the bending strain as main parameters is moved by conducting wire, also due to being tied by it
The influence of the parameters such as the change of structure, vibration frequency, cycle-index, general effect are unsatisfactory.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of transmission pressure structure to destroy on-line monitoring system, can realize transmission pressure
Situations such as stranded, damper comes off is monitored on-line.
The technical scheme is that a kind of transmission pressure structure destroys on-line monitoring system, including sequentially connected light
Fine acceleration transducer, optical signal demodulation device, A/D converter and microprocessor, microprocessor also connect with wind speed wind direction sensor
Connect, microprocessor is also sequentially connected with 3G module and monitoring center.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Optical fibre grating acceleration sensor is installed on transmission pressure, and optical signal demodulation device is installed on electric power pylon.
Optical fibre grating acceleration sensor is connected by optical fiber with optical signal demodulation device, and optical signal demodulation device is double by shielding
Twisted wire is connected to A/D modular converters.
A/D modular converters are connected to microprocessor by synchronous serial communication interface；Wind speed wind direction sensor passes through RS485
It is connected to microprocessor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of monitoring method carried out using the on-line monitoring system, can pass through
The vibration signal collected extracts the modal parameter of transmission pressure, as the important evidence for judging conductor structure situation of change.
Another technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of to destroy what on-line monitoring system was monitored using transmission pressure structure
Method, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 1, establish model, ask for conductor structure to be detected it is normal when natural frequency ω0；
Step 2, actual wind speed, acceleration are acquired by wind speed wind direction sensor, optical fiber acceleration transducer, and
Calculate the wind speed of vertical wires；
Step 3, the signal gathered according to optical fiber acceleration transducer, is carried out using optical signal demodulator, A/D modular converters
After processing, time-domain signal is handled by microprocessor, and conducting wire intrinsic frequency is asked for using stochastic subspace analytic approach
ω1；
Step 4, the natural frequency ω that will be measured in step 31With consolidating under the normal condition that is calculated in step 1
There is frequencies omega0Compare, judge the state of conductor structure.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Step 1 is specially：
Step 1.1, the finite element model of conducting wire to be diagnosed is established, model includes the gold utensils such as conducting wire and damper, wherein,
Conducting wire is set as multiply steel core and the model of aluminium stock process, and cannot simplify；
Step 1.2, consider conducting wire, damper dead weight, conducting wire pretension is applied to conducting wire in a model, and at conducting wire both ends
Apply omnirange constraint, model analysis is carried out to the conducting wire under this state, tries to achieve conductor structure in normal state intrinsic
Frequencies omega0。
Step 2 is specially the angle theta according to wind direction and conducting wire, calculates the wind speed v of vertical wiresx,
vx=v × sin θ (1)
Wherein vxFor the wind speed of vertical wires, v is actual wind speed.
Step 3 specifically,
Step 3.1, by acceleration signal carry out digital filtering, filters out the high-frequency interferencing signal of more than 1kHz；
Step 3.2, by the conducting wire acceleration signal after processing be configured to a Hankel matrix,
Wherein, Hn1,n2It is the matrix being made of the covariance of conductor vibration acceleration signal for Hankel matrixes, RiRepresent
Covariance, Ri=E [ai+1ai], aiFor the conductor vibration acceleration at i moment, E represents it is expected, the value range of i is：1≤i≤
(n1+n2-1)；
Matrix is subjected to singular value decomposition, can by matrix decomposition into following form,
Wherein, U1, V1It is unitary matrice, ∑1For singular value matrix
In addition, according to the state space equation of the N system with one degree of freedom of arbitrary excitation, the association side of i moment conductor vibration response
Difference can be write as again
Ri=Ai-1G (4)
Wherein, G=E [vxai], A is sytem matrix
(4) are brought into (2), can be obtained
It can be obtained by formula (5),
Wherein, according to formula (3) and formula (5), can obtain
(7) and (8) are substituted into (6), you can sytem matrix A is calculated；
Step 3.3, determine the stable mode of sytem matrix A being calculated in step 3.2, and according to formula (9) and
(10) system matrix eigenvalue μ is tried to achievek, the natural frequency ω of conducting wire is then tried to achieve by characteristic valuei；
Wherein, μkFor the characteristic value of sytem matrix, Im represents imaginary part, ξiRepresent the damping ratio of calculating conducting wire, ωiTo calculate
Conducting wire intrinsic frequency, represents the conducting wire intrinsic frequency that the acceleration signal that the measurement of the i-th moment obtains is calculated；λ pushes away for formula
The intermediate quantity introduced when leading；
Step 3.4, the acceleration signal for collecting i at different moments carry out calculating of the step 3.1 to step 3.3, by it
As a result average, the natural frequency ω obtained as measurement1。
Step 4 is specifically, the natural frequency ω that will be measured in step 31With the normal condition being calculated in step 1
Under natural frequency ω0Compare, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is abnormality, otherwise, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is normal condition.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention establishes transmission pressure finite element model, and obtains conducting wire unfaulty conditions by finite element method
Under intrinsic frequency, and the state parameter intact as conductor structure.
2. the transmission pressure finite element model that the present invention establishes in monitoring center, can change conducting wire knot according to different circuits
Structure parameter, span, gold utensil model etc., so as to fulfill the calculating of the modal parameter under different circuit normal conditions.
3. the present invention carries out the operational modal analysis of transmission pressure using Empirical mode decomposition, can be gathered according to sensor
Acceleration signal analyze the intrinsic frequency of conducting wire, then the modal parameter contrast with conducting wire during unfaulty conditions, realize conducting wire
The diagnosis of structure collapse state.
4. the model of modal analysis of the invention based on acceleration signal is embedded in microprocessor STM32, pass through 3G module
It is the intrinsic frequency after calculating to send data, reduces the amount of calculation of monitoring center.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that transmission pressure structure destroys on-line monitoring system entire block diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that conductor structure destroys diagnostic method in the present invention.
In figure, 1. optical fiber acceleration transducers, 2. optical signal demodulation devices, 3.A/D converters, 4. wind speed wind direction sensors,
5. microprocessor, 6.3G communication units, 7. monitoring centers.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Transmission pressure structure of the present invention destroys on-line monitoring system, as shown in Figure 1, including sequentially connected optical fiber acceleration
Sensor 1, optical signal demodulation device 2, A/D converter 3 and microprocessor 5, microprocessor 5 are also connected with wind speed wind direction sensor 4,
Microprocessor 5 is also sequentially connected with 3G module 6 and monitoring center 7；
Optical fibre grating acceleration sensor 1 is installed on transmission pressure, for the acceleration of measure traverse line vertical direction,
Optical fibre grating acceleration sensor 1 is connected by optical fiber and optical signal demodulation device 2,
Optical signal demodulation device 2 is installed on electric power pylon；
Optical signal demodulation device 2 is connected to A/D modular converters 3 by Shielded Twisted Pair；
A/D modular converters 3 are connected to microprocessor 5 by synchronous serial communication interface；
Wind speed wind direction sensor 4 is connected to microprocessor 5 by RS485；
The transmission pressure structure of the present invention destroys the installation of on-line monitoring system and the course of work, first in transmission pressure
Optical fibre grating acceleration sensor 1 is installed, the acceleration of measure traverse line vertical direction, is then accelerated fiber grating by optical fiber
The optical signal transmission of sensor 1 is spent into optical signal demodulation device 2, and optical signal demodulation device 2 is installed on electric power pylon, optical signal solution
Adjust device 2 that acceleration optical signal is converted to acceleration electrical signal simulation amount, A/D modular converters 3 are connected to by Shielded Twisted Pair
Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out, A/D modular converters 3 connect transformed acceleration electric signal digital quantity by synchronous serial communication interface
To microprocessor 5, the electric signal digital quantity of wind speed and direction is transferred to microprocessor 5 by wind speed wind direction sensor 4 by RS485,
Microprocessor 5 carries out transmission pressure model analysis using the acceleration information and wind speed and direction data received, most analyzes at last
Intrinsic frequency afterwards is sent to monitoring center 7 by 3G module 6, and whether 7 last diagnostic transmission pressure structure of monitoring center occurs
It is abnormal.
The method being monitored using transmission pressure structure destruction on-line monitoring system, as shown in Fig. 2, specifically pressing following step
It is rapid to implement：
Step 1：Establish model, ask for conductor structure to be detected it is normal when natural frequency ω0。
Step 1.1, the finite element model of conducting wire to be diagnosed is established, model includes the gold utensils such as conducting wire and damper, wherein,
Conducting wire is set as multiply steel core and the model of aluminium stock process, and cannot simplify.
Step 1.2, consider conducting wire, damper dead weight, conducting wire pretension is applied to conducting wire in a model, and at conducting wire both ends
Apply omnirange constraint, model analysis is carried out to the conducting wire under this state, tries to achieve conductor structure in normal state intrinsic
Frequencies omega0。
Step 2：Actual wind speed, acceleration are acquired by wind speed wind direction sensor, optical fiber acceleration transducer, and
Calculate the wind speed of vertical wires.
According to the angle theta of wind direction and conducting wire, the wind speed v of vertical wires is calculatedx,
vx=v × sin θ (1)
Wherein vxFor the wind speed of vertical wires, v is actual wind speed.
Step 3：The signal gathered according to optical fiber acceleration transducer, is carried out using optical signal demodulator, A/D modular converters
After processing, time-domain signal is handled by microprocessor, and it is intrinsic to use stochastic subspace analysis (SSI) method to ask for conducting wire
Frequencies omega1。
Step 3.1, by acceleration signal carry out digital filtering, filters out the high-frequency interferencing signal of more than 1kHz；
Step 3.2, by the conducting wire acceleration signal after processing be configured to a Hankel matrix,
Wherein, Hn1,n2It is the matrix being made of the covariance of conductor vibration acceleration signal for Hankel matrixes, RiRepresent
Covariance, Ri=E [ai+1ai], aiFor the conductor vibration acceleration at i moment, E represents it is expected, the value range of i is：1≤i≤
(n1+n2-1)。
Matrix is subjected to singular value decomposition, can by matrix decomposition into following form,
Wherein, U1, V1It is unitary matrice, ∑1For singular value matrix
In addition, according to the state space equation of the N system with one degree of freedom of arbitrary excitation, the association side of i moment conductor vibration response
Difference can be write as again
Ri=Ai-1G(4)
Wherein, G=E [vxai], A is sytem matrix
(4) are brought into (2), can be obtained
It can be obtained by formula (5),
Wherein, according to formula (3) and formula (5), can obtain
(7) and (8) are substituted into (6), you can sytem matrix A is calculated；
Step 3.3, determine the stable mode of sytem matrix A being calculated in step 3.2, and according to formula (9) and
(10) system matrix eigenvalue μ is tried to achievek, the natural frequency ω of conducting wire is then tried to achieve by characteristic valuei；
Wherein, μkFor the characteristic value of sytem matrix, Im represents imaginary part, ξiRepresent the damping ratio of calculating conducting wire, ωiTo calculate
Conducting wire intrinsic frequency, represents the conducting wire intrinsic frequency that the acceleration signal that the measurement of the i-th moment obtains is calculated.λ pushes away for formula
The intermediate quantity introduced when leading.
Step 3.4, the acceleration signal for collecting i at different moments carry out calculating of the step 3.1 to step 3.3, by it
As a result average, the natural frequency ω obtained as measurement1。
Step 4：The natural frequency ω that will be measured in step 31With consolidating under the normal condition that is calculated in step 1
There is frequencies omega0Compare, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is abnormality,
Otherwise, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is normal condition.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of transmission pressure structure destroys on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that is passed including sequentially connected optical fiber acceleration
Sensor (1), optical signal demodulation device (2), A/D converter (3) and microprocessor (5), the microprocessor (5) is gone back and wind speed and wind
Connected to sensor (4), the microprocessor (5) is also sequentially connected with 3G module (6) and monitoring center (7).
2. transmission pressure structure according to claim 1 destroys on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that the optical fiber light
Grid acceleration transducer (1) is installed on transmission pressure, and the optical signal demodulation device (2) is installed on electric power pylon.
3. transmission pressure structure according to claim 1 destroys on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that the optical fiber light
Grid acceleration transducer (1) is connected by optical fiber and optical signal demodulation device (2), and optical signal demodulation device (2) passes through Shielded Twisted Pair
It is connected to A/D modular converters (3).
4. transmission pressure structure according to claim 1 destroys on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that the A/D turns
Mold changing block (3) is connected to microprocessor (5) by synchronous serial communication interface；Wind speed wind direction sensor (4) is connected by RS485
To microprocessor (5).
5. a kind of destroy the method that is monitored of on-line monitoring system using transmission pressure structure, it is characterised in that specifically according to
Following steps are implemented：
Step 1, establish model, ask for conductor structure to be detected it is normal when natural frequency ω0；
Step 2, actual wind speed, acceleration are acquired, and calculated by wind speed wind direction sensor, optical fiber acceleration transducer
Go out the wind speed of vertical wires；
Step 3, the signal gathered according to optical fiber acceleration transducer, is handled using optical signal demodulator, A/D modular converters
Afterwards, time-domain signal is handled by microprocessor, and conducting wire natural frequency ω is asked for using stochastic subspace analytic approach1；
Step 4, the natural frequency ω that will be measured in step 31With the intrinsic frequency under the normal condition that is calculated in step 1
Rate ω0Compare, judge the state of conductor structure.
6. the method according to claim 5 being monitored using transmission pressure structure destruction on-line monitoring system, it is special
Sign is that the step 1 is specially：
Step 1.1, the finite element model of conducting wire to be diagnosed is established, model includes the gold utensils such as conducting wire and damper, wherein, it is described
Conducting wire be set as multiply steel core and the model of aluminium stock process, and cannot simplify；
Step 1.2, consider conducting wire, damper dead weight, apply conducting wire pretension to conducting wire in a model, and apply at conducting wire both ends
Omnirange constrains, and carries out model analysis to the conducting wire under this state, tries to achieve the intrinsic frequency of conductor structure in normal state
ω0。
7. the method according to claim 5 being monitored using transmission pressure structure destruction on-line monitoring system, it is special
Sign is that the step 2 is specially the angle theta according to wind direction and conducting wire, calculates the wind speed v of vertical wiresx,
vx=v × sin θ (1)
Wherein vxFor the wind speed of vertical wires, v is actual wind speed.
8. the method according to claim 5 being monitored using transmission pressure structure destruction on-line monitoring system, it is special
Sign is, the step 3 specifically,
Step 3.1, by acceleration signal carry out digital filtering, filters out the high-frequency interferencing signal of more than 1kHz；
Step 3.2, by the conducting wire acceleration signal after processing be configured to a Hankel matrix,
Wherein, Hn1,n2It is the matrix being made of the covariance of conductor vibration acceleration signal for Hankel matrixes, RiRepresent association side
Difference, Ri=E [ai+1ai], aiFor the conductor vibration acceleration at i moment, E represents it is expected, the value range of i is：1≤i≤(n1+
n2-1)；
Matrix is subjected to singular value decomposition, can by matrix decomposition into following form,
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It can be write as
Ri=Ai-1G (4)
Wherein, G=E [vxai], A is sytem matrix
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<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>ln&mu;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&xi;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>j&omega;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&xi;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>;</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>9</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>Im</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>/</mo>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&xi;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>10</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, μkFor the characteristic value of sytem matrix, Im represents imaginary part, ξiRepresent the damping ratio of calculating conducting wire, ωiTo calculate conducting wire
Intrinsic frequency, represents the conducting wire intrinsic frequency that the acceleration signal that the measurement of the i-th moment obtains is calculated；When λ is the derivation of equation
The intermediate quantity of introducing；
Step 3.4, the acceleration signal for collecting i at different moments carry out calculating of the step 3.1 to step 3.3, by its result
Average, the natural frequency ω obtained as measurement1。
9. the method according to claim 5 being monitored using transmission pressure structure destruction on-line monitoring system, it is special
Sign is that the step 4 is specifically, the natural frequency ω that will be measured in step 31With being calculated just in step 1
Natural frequency ω under normal state0Compare, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is abnormality,
Otherwise, whenWhen, judge that conductor structure is normal condition.
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