CN107975894A - For the water distributor of cold-storage tank and perforate and installation method - Google Patents
For the water distributor of cold-storage tank and perforate and installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107975894A CN107975894A CN201610927504.7A CN201610927504A CN107975894A CN 107975894 A CN107975894 A CN 107975894A CN 201610927504 A CN201610927504 A CN 201610927504A CN 107975894 A CN107975894 A CN 107975894A
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- storage tank
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
It is a kind of to include following steps for the water distributor of cold-storage tank and perforate and installation method, wherein method：1) design of water distributor is obtained by hydrodynamics need to meet Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1, and the requirement of reynolds number Re ＜ 2000 can just make different temperatures fluid in cold-storage tank be in gravity stream and form stable laminar flow；2) in order to ensure that Reynolds criterion number is less than 2000, flow velocity v, Q`=Q/ (the Δ t*Cp* ρ by water distributor are obtained as follows1) Re=ρ2Vd/ η ＜ 20003) maximum stream flow Q` by water distributor divided by the flow velocity v by water distributor obtain the smallest aperture quantity of water distributor；4) final the number of openings is determined according to the smallest aperture quantity of water distributor, with reference to effective perforate length of water distributor；5) the volume flow q of water distributor unit length, and the formula of 0 substitution Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1 are obtained by the maximum stream flow of water distributor divided by effective perforate length：Fr=q/ [gh3(ρi‑ρa)/ρa]1/2＜ 1 obtains height h of the water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank plate inner surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold-storage tank, more specifically, being related to a kind of water distributor for cold-storage tank and water distributor
Perforate and installation method.
Background technology
A kind of large-scale tank of the cold-storage tank as water cold storage, is widely used in data center field, as in data
The standby low-temperature receiver of the heart.The use of cold-storage tank is to carry out cold-storage in Low Night Temperature low electricity price period, in the high electricity price of high temperature on daytime
Between section let cool, efficiently use time-of-use tariffs and outside air temperature change to reduce the power consumption and running cost of air-conditioning system.
The operation principle of cold-storage tank is using the different principle for producing natural layering of cold and hot water density, is filling cold and is letting cool feelings
Cold water is set to be in cold-storage tank lower part all the time under condition, hot water is in cold-storage tank top, and hot and cold water is in laminar condition and does not mix
Mix so as to which the capacity for ensureing effective chilled water is unaffected.
Water distributor is installed on the top and bottom of cold-storage tank, is mainly used for control and stores as the important component in cold-storage tank
The flow velocity of cold tank Inlet and outlet water simultaneously prevents hot and cold water enters in cold-storage tank from blending, and the current ensured into and out cold-storage tank are put down
Surely, slowly, uniformly, undisturbed.In order to ensure the effect of cold-storage tank, a most important key element be on water distributor the number of openings and
Perforated area, but the number of openings and perforated area in existing water distributor be usually all according to supply, 2 times of water return pipeline area
Handled, there are the number of openings and perforated area are unreasonable, cause that the perforate of water distributor is uneven, overall perforated area deficiency
The problems such as, turbulent water is in turn resulted in, has seriously affected the effective volume of cold-storage.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of water distributor for cold-storage tank and perforate and installation method, the present invention is utilized
Water distributor after middle method perforate processing, by practical application, certain large-scale data center project is daily after using to save electricity about
1000 degree.
The perforate and installation method, the water distributor for being used for the water distributor of cold-storage tank in the present invention are fixed on cold-storage tank
Tank interior, include following steps：
1) design of water distributor is obtained by hydrodynamics need to meet Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1, reynolds number Re ＜ 2000
It is required that the fluid in cold-storage tank could be kept to be in gravity stream, and do not blended in laminar condition；
2) in order to ensure that Reynolds (Renolds) criterion numeral is less than 2000, the flow velocity by water distributor is obtained as follows
V,
Q`=Q/ (Δ t*Cp* ρ1)
Re=ρ2Vd/ η ＜ 2000
In formula：
Q` is the maximum stream flow by water distributor；
Cp is the specific heat of water；
Q is the general refrigeration ability that cold-storage tank need to provide；
ρ1The room temperature averag density of water；
ρ2For the density of water distributor Inlet water；
η is the operation viscosity of water distributor water inlet；
D is the orifice diameter of water distributing pore in water distributor；
Δ t is water distributor Inlet water and goes out the temperature difference between saliva；
Re is guarantee Reynolds criterion number；
V is the flow velocity by water distributor；
3) opened according to the maximum stream flow Q` by water distributor divided by by the flow velocity v of water distributor to obtain the minimum of water distributor
Hole number；
4) final number of aperture is determined according to the smallest aperture quantity of water distributor, with reference to effective perforate length of water distributor
Amount；
5) water distributor is obtained according to water distributor as follows by the maximum stream flow and effective perforate length of water distributor
The volume flow of unit length：
Q=Q`/L
In formula：
Q is the volume flow of water distributor unit length；
Q` is the maximum stream flow by water distributor；
L is effective perforate length of water distributor；
6) the volume flow q of water distributor unit length is substituted into the formula of Fleder (Frande) criterion numeral Fr≤1：
Fr=q/ [gh3(ρi-ρa)/ρa]1/2＜ 1
In formula：
Fr is the Fleder number of water distributor import；
Q is the volume flow of water distributor unit length；
G is acceleration of gravity；
H is height of the water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank bottom；
ρiFor import water density in water distributor；
ρaFor water distributor middle outlet water density；
Height h of the water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank plate inner surface is obtained, so as to according to the height
Degree h installs water distributor, it is ensured that the disengaging of water distributor water flow inside is steady, slow, uniform, undisturbed.
Increase need to be less than the volume flow q of water distributor unit length to meet gravity flow conditions in the step 5)
0.025m3The step of inspection of/(ms).
Water distributor in the present invention for cold-storage tank is in H-type, includes upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distributor, the upper strata
Water distributor connects support with the centre position of lower floor's water distributor via upright pipe, and the upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distributor wrap
Include and be useful for the middle steel pipe connect that is fixedly connected with the upright pipe, it is symmetrical in 180 degree in the both sides of the middle steel pipe
More branched pipes are distributed with, water distributing pore is uniformly offered on the surface of every branched pipe.
The branched pipe shares 22, is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of the middle steel pipe, per adjacent two branched pipe
Between the distance that is spaced it is identical.
The branched pipe is fixedly connected on the both sides of the middle steel pipe via flange.
The water distributing pore is located in the same section of the branched pipe by every 10 water distributing pores in a manner of fan-shaped array, often
The spacing of adjacent sections is 20mm, and 10 water distributing pores in same section are intensively distributed in the arc of the half of branched pipe
On surface.
10 water distributing pores in the same section and axisymmetricly to be distributed in the same section of the branched pipe adjacent
On two a quarter curved surfaces, 15 degree of interval, most middle between the center line of adjacent two water distributing pore in same section
30 degree are spaced between two water distributing pores.
Upward, lower floor's water distributor is installed in the cloth opened up for the water distributing pore that the upper strata water distributor opens up when mounted
Water hole is towards cold-storage tank bottom.
Using making hot and cold water inside cold-storage tank form laminar condition after the water distributor in the present invention, the available capacity of cold-storage increases
Greatly, cold storage efficiency improves, and effectively extends Discharging time, has finally saved substantial amounts of electric energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the cold-storage tank in the present invention, is shown in figure and fills cold shape different from letting cool two kinds
The working status of state.
Fig. 2 is that water distributor is placed in the structure diagram in cold-storage tank in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that water distributor is placed in the structure diagram one in cold-storage tank in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is along the schematic cross-sectional view of line A-A in Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with attached drawing to the specific embodiment in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, cold-storage tank is using cold, warm water density difference, the principle of natural layering is produced, is filled the cold stage, it is cold
Water is sent into by the water distributor of tank bottom, and warm water is flowed out by the water distributor of tank deck；The stage is let cool, cold water passes through tank bottom water distributor stream
Go out, warm water is flowed into by tank deck water distributor, ensure fill it is cold and let cool the big cold water of stage density all the time be in cold-storage tank under
Portion, the small warm water of density is all the time on the top of cold-storage tank.
A H-type water distributor is devised, is included close to storage into the cold of cold-storage tank, warm water blending, the present invention in order to prevent
The upper strata water distributor 1 of the water surface and lower floor's water distributor 2 close to cold-storage tank bottom inside cold tank, keep current disengaging it is steady, slowly,
Uniformly, undisturbed.
As shown in Fig. 2, connected and supported by upright pipe 3 between upper strata water distributor 1 and lower floor's water distributor 2, in upright pipe 3
Position of the lower portion above lower floor's water distributor 2 be provided with the confession being connected with chilled water system, return pipe 4.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, upper strata water distributor 1 is identical with the structure of lower floor water distributor 2, includes middle steel pipe 5,
The centre of middle steel pipe 5 is fixedly connected with the end of upright pipe 3 and is in internal connected state, in upright 3 upper and lower ends of pipe
Between steel pipe 5 be parallel to each other, make whole water distributor be placed in cold-storage tank inside after be in H-type.Using a diameter of 5120mm cold-storages tank as
Example, upper strata water distributor 1 and lower floor's water distribution 2 need to stay the gap of 20mm with cold-storage tank inner tank wall, and middle steel pipe 5 is using a diameter of
530mm, the seamless steel pipe that wall thickness is 8mm, overall length 4000mm, is symmetrically respectively welded solid in the two sides 180 degree of middle steel pipe 5
Surely there are ten branched pipes 6, the length positioned at middle branched pipe 6 is most long, in the both sides of the longest branched pipe 6 successively order
Equidistant arrangement, most long branched pipe 6 are spaced on the basis of centre, the dotted line of most long branched pipe 6 with 350mm.Centre is most
The length of long branched pipe 6 is 1945mm, length is followed successively by 1905mm, 1815mm, 1660mm, 1425mm, 1080mm, branch outward
Pipe 6 use a diameter of 159mm, wall thickness for 4.5mm seamless steel pipe.The intermediate ends of branched pipe 6 are through flange 7 and middle steel pipe 5
Connection.
By above-mentioned cold-storage tank with exemplified by Mr. Yu data center, the area of the data center is 20,000 square meters, refrigeration duty (computer room
Required general refrigeration ability Q) it is 8958kw, chilled water supplies, return water temperature is 12~18 DEG C, i.e. temperature difference t is 6 DEG C, the specific heat Cp=of water
4.2KJ/kg DEG C, the room temperature averag density of water take ρ=1000kg/m3, the confession of chilled water water storage, backwater caliber are 450mm, water distribution
Hole orifice diameter is 0.012m, density p=999.474kg/m of 12 DEG C of water in water inlet3, in water inlet the operation of 12 DEG C of water glue
Spend exemplified by η=1.2363*10^-3Ns/ ㎡, designed in the way of usually for, 2 times of water return pipeline area and arrange water distributor
Water distributing pore, it is specific as follows：
Water distributor supplies, return pipe sectional area S1=(0.45/2)2* 3.14=0.159 ㎡
Perforated area=confession of water distributor, return pipe sectional area S1*2=0.318 ㎡
The number of openings N=S1/ orifice area=0.318/ ((0.012/2)2* 3.14)=2815
In order to which water distributing pore is evenly distributed on branched pipe 6, aperture spacing is used as 50mm, so that actual number of aperture
For 3066, meet the requirement of number of aperture N1 ＞ 2815.
Perforated area S1=number of aperture * orifice areas=3066* π * 0.0122/ 4=0.347 ㎡, with confession, backwater tube section
Long-pending 2 times are basically identical.But the water distributor can cause fluid acutely to blend in practical application, cold-storage capacity and cold-storage are reduced
Time.
It is specific as follows for this present invention provides a kind of new design method：
Still by taking above-mentioned same data center as an example.
First, by hydrodynamics, if the design of water distributor can meet Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1, reynolds number Re
＜ 2000 is required, the volume flow ＜ 0.025 of water distributor unit length, then the fluid in cold-storage tank can be kept to be in gravity
Stream, and does not blend in laminar condition, thus in the cold-storage tank where ensureing water distributor effective chilled water capacity from
Influence.
Secondly, in order to ensure that Reynolds (Renolds) criterion numeral is less than 2000, it can obtain pass through water distributor as follows
Flow velocity v,
Pass through maximum stream flow Q`=Q/ (Δ t*Cp* ρ)=8958/ (6*4.2*1000)=0.355m of water distributor3/s
In order to meet：Re=ρ vd/ η=999.474*v*0.012/1.2363*10^-3 ＜ 2000
In formula：ρ is density p=999.474kg/m of Inlet water3
η is operation viscosities il=1.2363*10^-3Ns/ ㎡ of water inlet
D is the orifice diameter d=0.012m of water distributing pore
Draw the flow velocity by water distributor, v ＜ 0.21m/s
The number of openings of water distributor=passing through the maximum stream flow Q` of water distributor/passes through the flow velocity v* perforated areas S2 of water distributor
The number of openings N=Q`/v*S2=0.355/0.21* ((0.012/2) of water distributor2* 3.14=14960 (a)
That is the number of openings of water distributor have to be larger than 14960 (a).
According to the effective length L of all branched pipes 6 in the number of openings of water distributor, upper strata water distributor 1 and lower floor's water distributor 2
=2* { 1.945*2+ (1.905+1.815+1.66+1.425+1.08) * 4 }=35.43*2=70.83m and in order to ensure cloth
Being uniformly distributed on branched pipe 6 of water hole 8, the number of aperture for determining water distributor in the present invention is 18950, more than 14960
It is required that will every 10 water distributing pores 8 in a manner of fan-shaped array in the same section of branched pipe 6, per between adjacent sections
Away from for 20mm, i.e. perforate spacing is 20mm, and 10 water distributing pores 8 in same section are intensively distributed in two points of branched pipe 6
One of curved surfaces on, and axisymmetricly be distributed in two adjacent a quarter curved surfaces of 6 same section of branched pipe
On, as shown in figure 4,15 degree are spaced between the center line of adjacent two water distributing pore 8 in same section, most middle two water distributing pores
Between be spaced 30 degree.As shown in Figure 1, the water distributing pore 8 opened up is fixed branched pipe 6 by upper strata water distributor 1 afterwards upward when mounted, make
The water distributing pore 8 in upper strata water distributor 1 is obtained close to the water surface in cold-storage tank, lower floor's water distributor 2 is installed in 8 court of water distributing pore opened up
To cold-storage tank bottom so that lower floor's water distributor 2 is close to cold-storage tank bottom, but between the lowermost water distributing pore and cold-storage tank bottom
Certain altitude is needed, only ensures that the height just can ensure that Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1.
The volume flow of water distributor unit length is veritified according to the number of openings of water distributor and perforated area：
Q=Q`/(L*2)=0.355/ (35.43*2)=0.005 ＜ 0.025
In formula：
The volume flow of q-water distributor unit length, unit m3/(m·s)；
Q`-pass through the maximum stream flow of water distributor, unit m3/s；
The effective length of L-water distributor, unit m.
Meet the condition of the volume flow q ＜ 0.025 of water distributor unit length.
Q=0.005 is substituted into the formula of following Fleder (Frande) criterion numeral Fr≤1 again, lower floor's water distribution can be obtained
2 bottom water distributing pore of device may thereby determine that installation site of the water distributor in cold-storage tank apart from the height h of cold-storage tank bottom,
Fr=q/ [gh3(ρi-ρa)/ρa]1/2＜ 1
The Fleder number of Fr-water distributor import in formula；
The volume flow of q-water distributor unit length, unit m3/(m·s)；
G-acceleration of gravity takes 9.81m/s2；
Height of the h-lower floor's water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank bottom；
Draw h=0.412m.
Perforated area S1=number of aperture * orifice areas=18950* π * 0.0122/ 4=2.14 ㎡
Much larger than supply, 2 times of return pipe sectional area.Ensure that hot and cold water keeps stable laminar condition in cold-storage tank.Cold-storage
Available capacity increase, cold storage efficiency improve, and effectively extend Discharging time.
Branched pipe 6 carries out galvanizing processing after perforate processing.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of perforate of water distributor for cold-storage tank and installation method, the water distributor is fixed on the tank body of cold-storage tank
Inside, includes following steps：
1) design of water distributor is obtained by hydrodynamics need to meet Fleder criterion numeral Fr≤1, and reynolds number Re ＜ 2000 is required
The fluid in cold-storage tank could be kept to be in gravity stream, and do not blended in laminar condition；
2) in order to ensure that Reynolds (Renolds) criterion numeral is less than 2000, the flow velocity v by water distributor is obtained as follows,
Q`=Q/ (Δ t*Cp* ρ1)
Re=ρ2Vd/ η ＜ 2000
In formula：
Q` is the maximum stream flow by water distributor；
Cp is the specific heat of water；
Q is the general refrigeration ability that cold-storage tank need to provide；
ρ1The room temperature averag density of water；
ρ2For the density of water distributor Inlet water；
η is the operation viscosity of water distributor water inlet；
D is the orifice diameter of water distributing pore in water distributor；
Δ t is water distributor Inlet water and goes out the temperature difference between saliva；
Re is guarantee Reynolds criterion number；
V is the flow velocity by water distributor；
3) the smallest aperture number of water distributor is obtained according to the maximum stream flow Q` by water distributor divided by by the flow velocity v of water distributor
Amount；
4) final the number of openings is determined according to the smallest aperture quantity of water distributor, with reference to effective perforate length of water distributor；
5) water distributor unit is obtained according to water distributor as follows by the maximum stream flow and effective perforate length of water distributor
The volume flow of length：
Q=Q`/L
In formula：
Q is the volume flow of water distributor unit length；
Q` is the maximum stream flow by water distributor；
L is effective perforate length of water distributor；
6) the volume flow q of water distributor unit length is substituted into the formula of Fleder (Frande) criterion numeral Fr≤1：
Fr=q/ [gh3(ρi-ρa)/ρa]1/2＜ 1
In formula：
Fr is the Fleder number of water distributor import；
Q is the volume flow of water distributor unit length；
G is acceleration of gravity；
H is height of the water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank bottom；
ρiFor import water density in water distributor；
ρaFor water distributor middle outlet water density；
Height h of the water distributor bottom water distributing pore apart from cold-storage tank plate inner surface is obtained, so as to according to h pairs of the height
Water distributor is installed, it is ensured that the disengaging of water distributor water flow inside is steady, slow, uniform, undisturbed.
2. the perforate of the water distributor according to claim 1 for cold-storage tank and installation method, it is characterised in that the step
Rapid 5) middle increase need to be less than 0.025m to the volume flow q of water distributor unit length to meet gravity flow conditions3/ (ms's)
The step of inspection.
A kind of 3. water distributor for cold-storage tank prepared by method described in the claims 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
It is in H-type to state water distributor, includes upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distributor, the interposition of the upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distributor
Put to connect via upright pipe and support, the upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distributor include solid for being connected with the upright pipe
Surely the middle steel pipe connected, is symmetrically distributed with more branched pipes, in every branch in the both sides of the middle steel pipe in 180 degree
The surface of pipe uniformly offers water distributing pore.
4. the water distributor according to claim 3 for cold-storage tank, it is characterised in that the branched pipe shares 22
Root, is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of the middle steel pipe, and the distance being spaced between every adjacent two branched pipe is identical.
5. the water distributor according to claim 4 for cold-storage tank, it is characterised in that the branched pipe is fixed via flange
It is connected to the both sides of the middle steel pipe.
6. the water distributor according to claim 3 for cold-storage tank, it is characterised in that the water distributing pore presses every 10 water distributions
Hole is in a manner of fan-shaped array in the same section of the branched pipe, and the spacing per adjacent sections is 20mm, same section
On the curved surfaces for the half that 10 interior water distributing pores are intensively distributed in branched pipe.
7. the water distributor according to claim 6 for cold-storage tank, it is characterised in that 10 cloth in the same section
Water hole and being distributed on two adjacent a quarter curved surfaces of the same section of the branched pipe axisymmetricly, same section
15 degree are spaced between the center line of interior adjacent two water distributing pore, 30 degree are spaced between most middle two water distributing pores.
8. the water distributor according to claim 7 for cold-storage tank, it is characterised in that upper strata water distributor is when mounted
The water distributing pore opened up upward, lower floor's water distributor installed in the water distributing pore opened up towards cold-storage tank bottom.
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| CN201610927504.7A CN107975894B (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Water distributor for cold accumulation tank, opening and installation method |
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| CN107975894B CN107975894B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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| US20220047994A1 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-02-17 | Wineinova, Lda | Process of electrodialysis for stabilizing wines with low water consumption |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220047994A1 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-02-17 | Wineinova, Lda | Process of electrodialysis for stabilizing wines with low water consumption |
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