CN107973390A - A kind of method for p-nitrophenol reduction of degrading - Google Patents

A kind of method for p-nitrophenol reduction of degrading Download PDF

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CN107973390A
CN107973390A CN201711030384.1A CN201711030384A CN107973390A CN 107973390 A CN107973390 A CN 107973390A CN 201711030384 A CN201711030384 A CN 201711030384A CN 107973390 A CN107973390 A CN 107973390A
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CN107973390B (en
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高道伟
吕品
吕一品
李书娜
陈国柱
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University of Jinan
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/005—Mixtures of molecular sieves comprising at least one molecular sieve which is not an aluminosilicate zeolite, e.g. from groups B01J29/03 - B01J29/049 or B01J29/82 - B01J29/89
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
    • B01J2229/32—Reaction with silicon compounds, e.g. TEOS, siliconfluoride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/03—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves not having base-exchange properties
    • B01J29/0308—Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41
    • B01J29/0316—Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/0325—Noble metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
    • B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/74—Noble metals
    • B01J29/7438—EMT-type, e.g. EMC-2, ECR-30, CSZ-1, ZSM-3 or ZSM-20
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C02F2101/345—Phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for p-nitrophenol reduction of degrading.The multi-stage porous molecular sieve composite catalyst PtRu/EMT FAU/SBA 15 that the present invention is prepared have an excellent catalytic performance in p-nitrophenol reduction reaction of degrading, and the result shows that：Element ratio in PtRu alloys has the function that important in p-nitrophenol reduction reaction.The present invention utilizes Microwave-assisted firing, crystallite emulsion synthesis method is specifically blended, PtRu alloy nano particles are successfully imported into the micropore canals of multistage porous molecular sieve EMT FAU/SBA 15, the confinement effect of PtRu alloy nano particles prepared by this method due to being subject to molecular sieve, with higher stability, while higher reactivity bit density.

Description

A kind of method for p-nitrophenol reduction of degrading
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic pollutant degradation field, and in particular to one kind uses the molecular sieve carried PtRu of multi-stage porous The method of catalyst degradation p-nitrophenol reduction.
Background technology
In all poisonous debirs, Nitro-phenols are most common, and its in water have it is higher Stability and dissolubility.In all Nitro-phenols, p-nitrophenol is one of typical representative.Pair common at present Nitrophenol waste treatment method mainly has electrocoagulation, microbial degradation method, catalytic reduction method and catalysis oxidation.Wherein tetranitro Phenol catalytic reduction method is the most frequently used and most economical method at present, and its reduzate 4- amino phenols can also be used as it is other normal With the synthesis material of compound.Therefore, exploitation with efficient and high stability new tetranitro-phenol reducing catalyst with Important research meaning.
Noble metal catalyst (Au, Ag, Pd, PdCu, PtNi and AuCu etc.) is in compounds p-nitrophenol reduction reaction process In there is preferable catalytic performance, and cause the extensive concern of researcher.But these noble metal nano particles and catalysis Active force between agent carrier is weaker, and during reaction, noble metal nano particles easily come off from catalyst carrier.For Overcome this problem, precious metal atom is limited in micro-pore zeolite by this project, prevent it in reaction process and generation Obscission.Noble metal nano particles, which are wrapped in micro-pore zeolite, can not only prevent nano-particle from reuniting, and be also prevented from Noble metal nano particles are poisoned.In addition, ultra-fine Pt sub-nanometers particle can also be prepared by this method, while increase work Property position and improve precious metal atom utilization rate.But since microporous zeolite pores road is smaller, big reactant molecule is difficult to pass through Micro-pore zeolite duct and and contact catalytic sites.Some mesoporous materials KIT-6, SBA-15, MCM-41 and FDU-12 have height Specific surface area and larger mesopore orbit, it is considered to be excellent precious metal catalyst agent carrier.High specific surface area and greatly mesoporous Duct contributes to scattered and diffusion of the reactant molecule in duct of noble metal nano particles.Therefore, if noble metal@boiled Stone nanometer little particle is embedded into mesoporous material hole wall, can obtain stable metal nanoparticle and with intensified response thing Diffusion.In addition to aperture and surface area, pore structure also has important influence to reaction, in addition, relative to single-stage With few grade of pore passage structure, the application range of multistage porous molecular sieve is wider, can produce bigger economic value, but accordingly , difficult degree Celsius of the synthesis of multi-stage porous increases, and rarely has the report of multi-stage porous Zeolite synthesis in the prior art.Therefore, synthesis tool The composite material for having the multistage molecular sieve carried noble metal of Jie's microcellular structure of rock-steady structure has important research and practical application Meaning.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of multi-stage porous molecular sieve composite catalyst, can efficiently and height is steady Qualitatively p-nitrophenol reducing catalyst, prepared PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst not only have higher anti- Active site density is answered, also there is stable PtRu alloy nano particles, effectively prevent noble metal leakage in reaction process, Excellent catalytic activity and stability are shown in p-nitrophenol reduction reaction.
In the present invention, PtRu nano-particles are successfully embedded into by multi-stage porous point using mercaptan base silane auxiliary synthetic method In son sieve EMT-FAU/SBA-15.PtRu/ is prepared using 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes and 4-propyl bromide first EMT-FAU zeolite nanosized seeds；Then PtRu/EMT-FAU nanosized seeds are successfully embedded into SBA-15 mesoporous frameworks, passed through The element composition of fabricated in situ control PtRu prepares the PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalysis with different PtRu elements composition Agent, and the element for studying PtRu in detail forms the influence to 4- nitrophenol reducing activities.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A, sodium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, 18- crown ethers -6, sodium phosphate, deionized water and Ludox are added in reaction kettle, In the lower stirring and dissolving of a constant temperature degree Celsius, as solution I；
B, 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, sodium hydroxide and deionized water are added in beaker simultaneously stirring and dissolving, connect And add a certain amount of H2PtCl6(100mol/L) and RuCl3Solution (100mol/L), as solution II；
C, solution II is added drop-wise in solution I and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into anti- Answer in kettle when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain PtRu/EMT-FAYU zeolite crystallite lotions；
D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added to dissolve in hydrochloric acid solution and disperseed, the positive silicic acid tetrem of 4.28g is added dropwise respectively The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of ester and 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 35 degrees Celsius, then at 100 degrees Celsius When reaction 1 is small in microwave reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, multistage porous molecular sieve EMT-FAU/SBA-15 is obtained The PtRu catalyst supported；
E, by 10mg PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst, 2.5mL sodium borohydride solutions (0.01mol/L) and 25 μ L P-nitrophenyl phenol solution (0.012mol/L), which is added in 10mL reactors, carries out reduction reaction.
The molar ratio range of Ludox and sodium aluminate described in above-mentioned steps A is 9.5~10.5；
The mass range of 18- crown ethers -6 described in above-mentioned steps A is 0.7~1.1g；
3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes mass range described in above-mentioned steps B is 0.08~0.15g；
Hydrochloric acid solution dosage described in above-mentioned steps D is 65mL~75mL；
Beneficial effects of the present invention：PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst prepared by the present invention not only has higher Close degree Celsius of reaction active site, stablize PtRu alloy nano particles, also with open pore passage structure, be conducive to nitro The diffusion of phenol reactant thing in the catalyst, synthetic method is aided in using mercapto propyl silane, successfully that precious metals pt Ru is ultra-fine Nano-particle is imported by way of fabricated in situ in EMT-FAU/SBA-15 ducts.It is auxiliary using 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes Synthesis is helped, on the one hand 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes can be coordinated with noble metal precursor body, prevent noble metal in alkaline environment Generation precipitation；On the other hand, silicon source can be served as in the synthesis of micro- mixed crystal again after silane hydrolyzate, last PtRu species can be limited Make in blending geode road；Secondly using the PtRu/EMT-FAU nanocrystalline and tetraethyl orthosilicates (TEOS) of blending as silicon source, P123 triblock copolymers assemble the mesoporous wall of SBA-15 as template, and synthesis, which finally obtains, under microwave condition both had There are hierarchical porous structure, and the high stability catalyst with overstable PtRu nano-particles.Research shows：The reaction of crystallite is blended The order of addition of condition and material, stands under aging temperature and microwave condition the factor such as synthesis to hierarchical pore molecular sieve catalyst Formation there is decisive influence, the PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst of different PtRu elemental mole ratios is in p-nitrophenyl Huge activity difference is shown in phenol reduction reaction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD diagram for the different element ratio PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst being prepared；
Fig. 2 is the TEM figures for the PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst that embodiment 1 is prepared；
Fig. 3 is the TEM figures for the catalyst that comparative example 1 is prepared；
Fig. 4 is the TEM figures for the catalyst that comparative example 2 is prepared；
Fig. 5 is the TEM figures for the catalyst that comparative example 3 is prepared.
Fig. 6 be the different element ratio PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst degradations p-nitrophenols being prepared also Former performance map.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, embodiment is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
Pt2The preparation method of Ru/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst：
A, by 0.35g sodium hydroxides, 1.04g sodium aluminates, 1.0g 18- crown ethers -6,0.034g sodium phosphates, 4.74g deionizations Water and 6.3g Ludox are added in reaction kettle, in 25 degrees Celsius of lower stirring and dissolvings, as solution I；
B, 0.12g 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, 0.15g sodium hydroxides and 2g deionized waters are added in beaker And stirring and dissolving, it is subsequently added into the H of 1.8mL2PtCl6The RuCl of (100mol/L) and 0.9mL3Solution (100mol/L), as molten Liquid II；
C, solution II is added drop-wise in solution I and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into anti- Answer in kettle when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain PtRu/EMT-FAYU zeolite crystallite lotions；
D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added to dissolve in hydrochloric acid solution and disperseed, the positive silicic acid tetrem of 4.28g is added dropwise respectively The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of ester and 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 35 degrees Celsius, then at 100 degrees Celsius When reaction 1 is small in microwave reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, multistage porous molecular sieve EMT-FAU/SBA-15 is obtained The Pt supported2Ru catalyst；And characterized by the XRD and TEM of Fig. 1 and 2, the molecular sieve shown have multistage pore canal and Good polycrystalline structure,
Comparative example 1
A, by 0.35g sodium hydroxides, 1.04g sodium aluminates, 1.0g 18- crown ethers -6,0.034g sodium phosphates, 4.74g deionizations Water and 6.3g Ludox are added in reaction kettle, in 25 degrees Celsius of lower stirring and dissolvings, as solution I；
B, 0.12g 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, 0.15g sodium hydroxides and 2g deionized waters are added in beaker And stirring and dissolving, it is subsequently added into the H of 1.8mL2PtCl6The RuCl of (100mol/L) and 0.9mL3Solution (100mol/L), as molten Liquid II；
C, solution II is added drop-wise in solution I and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into anti- Answer in kettle when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain PtRu/EMT-FAYU zeolite crystallite lotions；
D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added to dissolve in hydrochloric acid solution and disperseed, the positive silicic acid tetrem of 4.28g is added dropwise respectively The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of ester and 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 35 degrees Celsius, then at 100 degrees Celsius When reaction 24 is small in hydrothermal reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, obtained product such as Fig. 3 is shown, is being changed In the case that microwave synthesizes Hydrothermal Synthesiss, obtained product does not have pore structure.
Comparative example 2
A, by 0.35g sodium hydroxides, 1.04g sodium aluminates, 1.0g 18- crown ethers -6,0.034g sodium phosphates, 4.74g deionizations Water and 6.3g Ludox are added in reaction kettle, in 25 degrees Celsius of lower stirring and dissolvings, as solution I；
B, 0.12g 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, 0.15g sodium hydroxides and 2g deionized waters are added in beaker And stirring and dissolving, it is subsequently added into the H of 2.02mL2PtCl6The RuCl of (100mol/L) and 0.51mL3Solution (100mol/L), as Solution II；
C, solution I is added drop-wise in solution II and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into anti- Answer in kettle when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain crystallite lotion；
D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added to dissolve in hydrochloric acid solution and disperseed, the positive silicic acid tetrem of 4.28g is added dropwise respectively The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of ester and 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 35 degrees Celsius, then at 100 degrees Celsius When reaction 1 is small in microwave reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, obtained product is as shown in figure 4, mixed changing In the case of the dropwise addition order of brilliant precursor solution, obtained product crystal effect is poor, does not form the polycrystalline knot in effective duct Structure, can not form multi-stage pore canal molecular sieve.
Comparative example 3
A, by 0.35g sodium hydroxides, 1.04g sodium aluminates, 1.0g 18- crown ethers -6,0.034g sodium phosphates, 4.74g deionizations Water and 6.3g Ludox are added in reaction kettle, in 25 degrees Celsius of lower stirring and dissolvings, as solution I；
B, 0.12g 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, 0.15g sodium hydroxides and 2g deionized waters are added in beaker And stirring and dissolving, it is subsequently added into the H of 1.8mL2PtCl6The RuCl of (100mol/L) and 0.9mL3Solution (100mol/L), as molten Liquid II；
C, solution II is added drop-wise in solution I and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into anti- Answer in kettle when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain PtRu/EMT-FAYU zeolite crystallite lotions；
D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added to dissolve in hydrochloric acid solution and disperseed, the positive silicic acid tetrem of 4.28g is added dropwise respectively The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of ester and 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 25 degrees Celsius, then at 100 degrees Celsius When reaction 1 is small in microwave reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, obtained product is as shown in figure 5, show changing In the case of standing aging temperature in step D, the composite molecular screen of perfect polycrystalline multistage hole path can not be obtained.
By above comparative example, multistage porous molecular sieve cannot be successfully synthesized after a synthesis factor is changed PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst, in addition, in view of length, actually continues to change one on the basis of comparative example 1-3 Or multiple synthesis factors, multi-stage porous composite molecular screen supporting Pt Ru catalyst cannot be similarly obtained, and only limited in the application Can successfully it be synthesized under conditions of fixed, it was demonstrated that not it is isolated presence between each technical characteristic of the present invention, but Collaboration can reach unexpected technique effect together.
The method of degraded p-nitrophenol, Pt is prepared by 10mg embodiments 12Ru/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst, 2.5mL sodium borohydride solutions (0.01mol/L) and 25 μ L p-nitrophenols molten (0.012mol/L) are added in 10mL reactors Reduction reaction is carried out, the conversion ratio of the stupid phenol of nitro in 40min as shown in fig. 6, reach 98%, in synthesis material is changed In the case of PtRu ratios, degraded p-nitrophenol degradation experiment is under equal conditions carried out, the catalyst of embodiment 1 is shown most High catalytic activity, is 4 far above PtRu ratios:59% and the only catalyst of supporting Pt or Ru, and work as PtRu of 1 catalyst Than for 1:1 and 3:When 1, the catalyst that the is prepared p-nitrophenol conversion ratio after 40min is reacted is respectively 56% and 52% (being not shown on figure), it was demonstrated that the Pt that embodiment 1 is prepared2Ru/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 catalyst has optimal degraded P-nitrophenol catalytic activity, and obtained different PtRu made above than multi-stage porous molecular sieve composite catalyst circulation profit After 20 times, catalytic activity does not reduce, and shows superpower stability, the catalytic performance of monolithic catalyst is in degraded nitro Unexpected technique effect is reached in terms of phenol.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. method for p-nitrophenol reduction of degrading, by 10mg multi-stage porous molecular sieve composite catalysts PtRu/EMT-FAU/ It is anti-that SBA-15,2.5mL sodium borohydride solution (0.01mol/L) and 25 μ L p-nitrophenols molten (0.012mol/L) are added to 10mL Answer progress reduction reaction certain time in device, it is characterised in that the multistage porous molecular sieve PtRu/EMT-FAU/SBA-15 is compound The preparation method of catalyst is：
    A, sodium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, 18- crown ethers -6, sodium phosphate, deionized water and Ludox are added in reaction kettle, one The lower stirring and dissolving of constant temperature degree Celsius, as solution I；
    B, 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes, sodium hydroxide and deionized water are added in beaker simultaneously stirring and dissolving, then added Enter a certain amount of H2PtCl6(100mol/L) and RuCl3Solution (100mol/L), as solution II；
    C, solution II is added drop-wise in solution I and stirs 3h, then in 25 degrees Celsius of lower aging 24h, be then transferred into reaction kettle In when 100 degrees Celsius of lower crystallization 96 are small, obtain PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions；
    D, the P123 organic matters of 2g are added in hydrochloric acid solution dissolve it is scattered, be added dropwise respectively 4.28g tetraethyl orthosilicate and The PtRu/EMT-FAU zeolite crystallite lotions of 4.85g, when standing 24 is small under 35 degrees Celsius, then in 100 degrees Celsius of microwave When reaction 1 is small in reaction kettle, by product filtering and washing, drying, roasting, obtains multistage porous molecular sieve EMT-FAU/SBA-15 and support PtRu catalyst.
  2. A kind of 2. method of degraded p-nitrophenol reduction described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in the step A Ludox and sodium aluminate molar ratio range be 9.5~10.5.
  3. A kind of 3. method of degraded p-nitrophenol reduction described in claim 1-2, it is characterised in that：The step A institutes The mass range for the 18- crown ethers -6 stated is 0.7~1.1g.
  4. A kind of 4. method of degraded p-nitrophenol reduction described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The step B institutes The 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilanes mass range stated is 0.08~0.15g.
  5. A kind of 5. method of degraded p-nitrophenol reduction described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The step D institutes The hydrochloric acid solution dosage stated is 65mL~75mL.
  6. A kind of 6. method of degraded p-nitrophenol reduction described in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：Carry out reduction reaction Time be 40min.
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CN110534756A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-12-03 济南大学 A kind of preparation method optimizing porous complicated and confused shape Pt-Ru-Ni alloy nanoparticle performance

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