CN107966345A - The making mould of three-dimensional fracture strata model sample - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mold for making a three-dimensional fissure rock mass model sample, which comprises a base, an outer frame body, a lateral fissure regulator, a circular chute, a protractor, a rectangular chute and a vertical fissure forming piece, the upper end of the base The outer frame is fixed by plugging, the side of the outer frame is fixed with a lateral gap regulator, and a molding cavity is opened inside, and a circular chute is fixed on the edge of the upper opening of the molding cavity, and the bottom of the circular chute A plurality of rectangular chute is provided, the lower end of the rectangular chute is slidably connected with a vertical crack forming piece, and the upper end is connected with a protractor through a driving rotating rod; the lateral crack regulator includes a hemispherical shell, a fixed end plate and a side crack forming component. The present invention can more truly reflect the spatial distribution of the three-dimensional cracks in the rock mass through the adjustment of the upper end face and the lateral cracks, including the width, spacing, inclination and penetration degree of the three-dimensional cracks; the operation is simple and quick, and can be used repeatedly, improving the Production efficiency.

Description

Mold for making three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of making fissure rock mass model samples, in particular to a mold for making a three-dimensional fissure rock mass model sample.

Background technique

The important difference between rock and rock mass is that the rock mass contains fissure surfaces, which destroy the integrity and continuity of the rock itself, and the strength of the rock mass is much lower than that of the rock mass. Because the rock mass is the product of geological history, and has been reshaped by the later crustal movement and the external force of the earth, it has a certain rock composition and fracture network. Therefore, the rock mass is not homogeneous, but heterogeneous and various. Anisotropic and discontinuous composite structures, the mechanical properties of the discontinuous surface often determine the mechanical properties of the entire rock mass. In addition, due to the difference in the geometric shape and spatial distribution of the fracture surface, there are obvious differences in the strength and deformation characteristics of the rock mass.

As my country's infrastructure construction in the fields of hydropower, transportation, railways, energy, mining, and military industry has entered a period of rapid development, a large number of large-scale major projects with extremely complex geological conditions have emerged. Determine the safety of these engineering rock structures. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out and strengthen the basic research work on the mechanical properties of fractured rock mass and its failure mechanism. The test method is an important means to study the deformation and strength characteristics of fractured rock mass at present. However, considering the complexity of the structure of natural rock samples and the difficulty of sampling, it is generally difficult to study the mechanical deformation characteristics and failure laws of real rock samples. Scholars usually use fractured rock mass models to replace natural rocks. sample.

There are deficiencies in the production process of the existing fractured rock mass model samples. First, it generally considers a single fracture or a two-dimensional fracture with a simple spatial form. There are few studies on three-dimensional space fractures, and the space of the fractures is usually not fully considered. Shape, considering the direction, inclination, and inclination angle of the crack; second, the shape of the mold is single, and it is not easy to disassemble and assemble.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provide a mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose and achieve the above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, comprising a base, an outer frame, a lateral crack regulator, a circular chute, a protractor, a rectangular chute and a vertical crack forming piece, the upper end of the base is inserted through The outer frame body is fixed in the way of connection, the side of the outer frame body is fixed with a lateral gap regulator, and a molding cavity is opened inside, and a circular chute is fixed at the edge of the upper opening of the molding cavity, and the circular chute The bottom of the chute is provided with a number of rectangular chutes, the lower end of each of the rectangular chutes is provided with a slit, and a T-shaped vertical crack forming piece is slidably connected to the slit, and each of the rectangular chutes The upper end is connected with a protractor through a driving rotating rod, and the driving rotating rod passes through the annular groove of the circular chute, and the outer diameter of the protractor is greater than the width of the annular groove;

The lateral crack adjuster includes a hemispherical shell with an inner cavity, and a number of fixed end plates are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the hemispherical shell, and fixing screws pass through the fixed end plates to fix it with the outer frame. A side crack forming component is installed in the inner cavity of the hemispherical shell, and the side crack forming component is composed of a support block, a side crack forming piece, a positioning rotating rod, a vertical tilt adjustment gear and a horizontal adjustment gear, The front end of the support block is fixed with a side crack forming piece, and the two sides of the support block are symmetrically fixed with a vertical tilt adjustment gear with a positioning rotating rod, and a horizontal adjustment gear is sleeved on the side crack formation piece. The horizontal adjustment gear is provided with a rectangular perforation to facilitate the sliding of the side crack forming piece, and the side of the outer frame where the hemispherical shell is located is provided with a channel to facilitate the movement of the side crack forming piece, and the channel communicates with the molding cavity.

Preferably, in the mold for making the above-mentioned three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, the upper end of the base is provided with a socket, and the lower end of the outer frame is fixed with a plug that fits into the socket.

Preferably, in the mold for making the above-mentioned three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, the outer frame body has a square columnar structure as a whole.

Preferably, in the mold for making the three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, the cross section of the forming cavity is circular or square.

Preferably, in the mold for making the above-mentioned three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, the front end of the support block is provided with a clamping groove, and the rear end of the side crack forming piece is provided with a clamping head, and the clamping sleeve can be clamped from the side into the card slot.

Preferably, in the mold for making the three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, the vertical fracture forming sheet and the side fracture forming sheet are both stainless steel sheets.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Through the adjustment of the upper end surface and lateral cracks, it can more truly reflect the spatial distribution of the three-dimensional cracks in the rock mass, including the width, spacing, inclination and penetration degree of the three-dimensional cracks.

2. Molds of different sizes and shapes (cuboid, cube and cylinder) can be made.

3. The operation is simple and fast, and can be used repeatedly to improve the efficiency of model making.

Of course, implementing any product of the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above advantages at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of base, outer frame in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lateral slit adjuster in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position distribution of circular chute, protractor, rectangular chute and vertical crack forming sheet in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a protractor, a rectangular chute and a vertical crack forming piece in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1-5, the present embodiment is a mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample, including a base 1, an outer frame body 2, a lateral crack regulator 3, a circular chute 4, and a protractor 8 , a rectangular chute 5 and a vertical crack forming sheet 6 . The upper end of the base 1 is fixed with an outer frame body 2 by plugging, the side of the outer frame body 2 is fixed with a lateral gap regulator 3 , and a molding cavity 9 is opened inside. A circular chute 4 is fixed on the edge of the upper opening of the molding cavity 9, and the circular chute 4 is an integral structure or a segmented combined structure, and is fixedly connected to the outer frame body 2 by plugging or bolting. Several rectangular chutes 5 are arranged below the circular chute 4 . The lower end of each rectangular chute 5 is provided with a slit, and a T-shaped vertical crack forming piece 6 is slidably connected to the slit. The upper end of each rectangular chute 5 is connected with protractor 8 by driving rotating rod 7, and driving rotating rod 7 passes in the annular groove of circular chute 4, and the outer diameter of protractor 8 is greater than the width of annular groove, promptly is blocked in Above it, as a suspension support.

The lateral crack adjuster 3 includes a hemispherical shell 301 with an inner cavity, and a number of fixed end plates 302 are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the hemispherical shell 301, and the fixing screws pass through the fixed end plates 302 to connect it with the outer frame body 2 fixed. A side crack forming component is installed in the inner chamber of the hemispherical shell 301 . The side crack forming assembly consists of a support block 303, a side crack forming piece 304, a positioning rotating rod 305, a vertical tilt adjustment gear 306 and a horizontal adjustment gear 307. The front end of the support block 303 is fixed with a side crack forming piece 304, and the support block The front end of 303 is provided with a draw-in groove, and the rear end of side slit forming piece 304 is provided with a clamp head, which can be inserted into the draw-in groove from the side. In order to prevent disengagement, the clamp head is arranged as a T-shaped structure. Both sides of the support block 303 are symmetrically fixed with a vertical tilt adjustment gear 306 with a positioning rotating rod 305, and a horizontal adjustment gear 307 is set on the side crack forming piece 304, and a side crack forming piece is provided in the horizontal direction adjustment gear 307. 304 sliding rectangular perforation, the side of the outer frame body 2 where the hemispherical shell 301 is located is provided with a channel 10 to facilitate the movement of the side crack forming piece 304 , and the channel 10 communicates with the molding cavity 9 .

The upper end of the base 1 is provided with a socket, and the lower end of the outer frame body 2 is fixed with a plug matching the socket. The outer frame body 2 has a square columnar structure as a whole, and the cross section of the molding cavity 9 is circular or square. Both the vertical crack forming sheet 6 and the side crack forming sheet 304 are stainless steel sheets.

The specific operation steps of this embodiment are as follows:

(1) According to the requirements of the test, select the outer frame body 2, the circular chute 4, the vertical crack forming piece 6 and the side crack forming piece 304 of appropriate size. Fix the outer frame body 2 on the base 1, and then fix the circular chute 4 on the upper part of the outer frame body 2 by bolts.

(2) According to the requirements of the test, the selected vertical crack forming piece 6 is placed in the rectangular chute 5 connecting the steel sheet, passes upward from the bottom of the circular chute 4, and connects the driving rotating rod 7 with the circular protractor 8 is connected and fixed on the upper part by bolts, and the metal pointer is returned to zero. So far, the entire protractor 8 and the vertical crack forming piece 6 are placed in the circular chute 4, and the angle, position and group distance of the steel pieces are adjusted as required.

(3) According to the experimental research, the lateral crack adjuster 3 is fixed on the side wall of the outer frame body 2 by 4 bolts. Select the appropriate side crack forming piece 304, put it into the side angle adjuster 3, adjust the vertical rotation and horizontal rotation as required, and fix the inclination angle, position, penetration condition and group distance of the steel sheet.

(4) After the assembly is completed, the mold shall be poured and vibrated and compacted according to the test requirements.

(5) When the material is initially set, take out the vertical crack forming piece 6 and the protractor 8 first, and then take out the side crack forming piece 304 to form a three-dimensional space crack. After the final setting, first remove the upper circular chute 4, then remove the lateral crack regulator 3, and finally remove the outer frame 2 to complete demoulding and sample preparation, and prepare for the next step of rock mass physical and mechanical properties test research.

(6) Clean all parts of the mold for reuse next time.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive in all detail, nor are the inventions limited to specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the contents of this specification. This description selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is to be limited only by the claims, along with their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. a mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample is characterized in that: comprising a base, an outer frame body, a lateral crack regulator, a circular chute, a protractor, a rectangular chute and a vertical crack forming sheet, the The upper end of the base is fixed with an outer frame by plugging, the side of the outer frame is fixed with a lateral gap regulator, and a molding cavity is opened inside, and a circular slide is fixed at the edge of the upper opening of the molding cavity. The bottom of the circular chute is provided with a number of rectangular chute, the lower end of each rectangular chute is provided with a slit, and the slit is slidably connected with a T-shaped vertical crack forming piece, each The upper end of the rectangular chute is connected with a protractor through a driving rotating rod, and the driving rotating rod passes through the annular groove of the circular chute, and the outer diameter of the protractor is greater than the width of the annular groove; The lateral crack adjuster includes a hemispherical shell with an inner cavity, and a number of fixed end plates are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the hemispherical shell, and fixing screws pass through the fixed end plates to fix it with the outer frame. A side crack forming component is installed in the inner cavity of the hemispherical shell, and the side crack forming component is composed of a support block, a side crack forming piece, a positioning rotating rod, a vertical tilt adjustment gear and a horizontal adjustment gear, The front end of the support block is fixed with a side crack forming piece, and the two sides of the support block are symmetrically fixed with a vertical tilt adjustment gear with a positioning rotating rod, and a horizontal adjustment gear is sleeved on the side crack formation piece. The horizontal adjustment gear is provided with a rectangular perforation to facilitate the sliding of the side crack forming piece, and the side of the outer frame where the hemispherical shell is located is provided with a channel to facilitate the movement of the side crack forming piece, and the channel communicates with the molding cavity. 2. The mold for making the three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the upper end of the base is provided with a jack, and the lower end of the outer frame is fixed with a plug that cooperates with the jack . 3. The mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer frame is a square columnar structure as a whole. 4. The mold for making a three-dimensional fractured rock mass model sample according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cross section of the forming cavity is circular or square. 5. the making mold of three-dimensional fissure rock mass model sample according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the front end of described support block is provided with draw-in groove, and the rear end of described side fissure forming sheet is provided with chuck, so The ferrule can be snapped into the slot from the side. 6. The mold for making a three-dimensional fissure rock mass model sample according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical fissure forming sheet and the side fissure forming sheet are all stainless steel sheets.