CN107964575B - hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device and using method thereof - Google Patents
hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107964575B CN107964575B CN201710051533.6A CN201710051533A CN107964575B CN 107964575 B CN107964575 B CN 107964575B CN 201710051533 A CN201710051533 A CN 201710051533A CN 107964575 B CN107964575 B CN 107964575B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of vacuum treatment of molten iron alloys, in particular to a hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device. A cover-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device comprises a ladle trolley (1) and a ladle (2), and is characterized in that: the device is characterized by also comprising a bottom-blown argon valve station (3), an insertion cover (4), a vacuum degassing tank (5), an alloy material feeding device (6), a top-blown oxygen lance (7), a hot bent pipe (8) and a dry mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device (9), wherein the vacuum degassing tank (5) is arranged right above the opening of the steel ladle (2), and the bottom of the vacuum degassing tank (5) is connected with the top of the insertion cover (4); the bottom of the insertion cover (4) is provided with a slag discharge groove (41). The use method of the hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device is characterized in that: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps: a. deslagging; b. and (5) steel making. The invention has the advantages of rapid degassing, inclusion removal, strong adaptability, high efficiency and low consumption.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of vacuum treatment of molten iron alloys, in particular to a hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device and a using method thereof.
Background
the structure of the existing RH vacuum degassing device is shown in figure 1, and the existing RH vacuum degassing device is composed of a ladle trolley 1, a ladle 2, a dip pipe lift gas valve station 31, a vacuum lower tank 40, a vacuum upper tank 51, an alloy feeding device 6, a top-blown oxygen lance 7, a hot bend pipe 8 and a steam vacuum pump exhaust system 90, wherein two dip pipes, namely an ascending pipe and a descending pipe, are arranged below the vacuum lower tank 1. This degassing device has the following problems, which restrict the further development of the RH vacuum degassing device: 1. two dip pipes can not discharge slag; 2. the circulation air flow of the dip pipe is large, so that the vacuum degree and a subsequent air extraction and dust removal device are influenced; 3. the dip pipe has short service life, large refractory loss and difficult maintenance.
the application of steam jet pumps in the molten steel vacuum refining technology is mainstream so far, but the supply of steam gas source, operation stability and energy consumption are always the main problems of vacuum refining efficiency and cost, and more importantly, the steel industry is more and more calling for reducing the discharge pressure of greenhouse gas. In the end of the 20 th century and the 80 th century, a dry type mechanical vacuum pump system makes a major breakthrough in air extraction capacity and system purification technology, so that the application of the dry type mechanical vacuum pump system in vacuum refining production of molten steel becomes possible. Since 1997, the first 10tVOD devices in the world, using mechanical vacuum pump systems, were put into operation in Romania, 40 more sets to date. The dry type mechanical vacuum pump system has the advantages of fast adjustment, fast start, high efficiency, advanced indexes of no sewage discharge and smoke discharge, simple operation, convenient maintenance, greatly reduced ton steel treatment cost, stable production, good metallurgical effect and the like, has attracted the attention of a plurality of steel plants in China, and makes the vacuum refining furnaces of a plurality of steel enterprises adopt the mechanical vacuum pump system in succession after 2010.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vacuum circulation degassing device which has the advantages of rapid degassing, impurity removal, uniform components, fine adjustment of alloy, oxygen blowing and decarburization, natural decarburization, strong adaptability, high efficiency and low consumption.
the invention achieves the purpose by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a cover shape circulation vacuum degassing device, includes ladle trolley and ladle, and on the ladle trolley was located to the ladle, hold molten steel in the ladle, characterized by: also comprises a bottom-blowing argon valve station, an insert cover, a vacuum degassing groove, an alloy material feeding device, a top-blowing oxygen lance, a hot bend pipe and a dry mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device,
The bottom argon blowing valve station is connected with an air hole arranged at the bottom of the steel ladle through a gas transmission pipe; the vacuum degassing groove is arranged right above the opening of the steel ladle, the bottom of the vacuum degassing groove is connected with the top of the insertion cover, and the bottom of the insertion cover is submerged below the liquid level of the molten steel of the steel ladle; two sides of the top of the vacuum degassing groove are respectively connected with a discharge hole of the alloy material feeding device and an air inlet of the hot bent pipe; the top-blown oxygen lance is arranged in the vacuum degassing tank; the air outlet of the hot bent pipe is connected with the air inlet of the exhaust device of the dry mechanical vacuum pump;
The bottom of the insertion cover is provided with at least two rectangular or crescent slag discharge grooves, and the height of the slag discharge grooves is not more than 60 mm;
Setting the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle as D, the distance between the center of the air hole and the central axis of the steel ladle as s, the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the insertion cover as D, taking a vertical plane perpendicular to a diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle passing through the air hole as a section, and setting an included angle formed by the center of the air hole and two end points of the top end of the molten steel liquid surface in the steel ladle as alpha, then: s belongs to [0.06D,0.1D ], D belongs to [0.3D,0.5D ], alpha belongs to [16 degrees, 20 degrees ].
the hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device is characterized in that: the exhaust device of the dry type mechanical vacuum pump comprises an air cooler, a cyclone bag-type dust remover, a Roots vacuum pump set and a screw vacuum pump set,
The air inlet of the air cooler is connected with the air outlet of the hot bent pipe, the air outlet of the air cooler is connected with the air inlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector,
the Roots vacuum pump set comprises at least three sets of Roots vacuum pump units connected in series, each Roots vacuum pump unit comprises at least two Roots vacuum pumps connected in parallel, the screw vacuum pump set comprises at least two screw vacuum pumps connected in parallel, the Roots vacuum pump set and the screw vacuum pump set are connected in series,
The air outlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector is connected with the air inlet of the pump set of the Roots vacuum pump, and the air outlet of the pump set of the screw vacuum pump is discharged to the outside atmosphere.
the application method of the cover-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device is characterized in that: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:
a. Deslagging: conveying the steel ladle to a treatment station through a steel ladle trolley, switching on a bottom argon blowing valve station, blowing argon into the steel ladle through a vent hole at the bottom of the steel ladle, enabling the argon to rise to enable steel slag on the liquid level of molten steel in the steel ladle to flow and push aside towards the periphery so as to form a slag-free area on the liquid level of the molten steel, enabling the steel ladle to rise through a jacking device at the same time, enabling an insertion cover to move downwards relative to the steel ladle until the insertion cover is submerged in a steel slag layer on the liquid level of the molten steel in the steel ladle, and continuously discharging the steel slag out of the insertion cover from a slag discharge groove under the action;
b. steel making: after slag discharge is finished, the jacking device continuously rises, when the steel is lifted to an operation station, argon blown in through the bottom-blowing argon valve station forms circulating power for lifting molten steel, so that the molten steel forms circulation among a steel ladle, the insertion cover and the vacuum degassing tank, the gas floats upwards to the surface of the molten steel to escape under the action of gas stirring and a vacuum environment generated by the exhaust device of the dry mechanical vacuum pump, impurities float upwards, oxygen is blown in through the top-blowing oxygen lance to implement steelmaking, different smelting means such as oxygen blowing decarburization, alloy fine adjustment, chemical temperature rise and the like can be respectively adopted according to different steel types, and the effect of smelting various steel types is achieved through the control of the vacuum degree of each mechanical pump.
The invention changes the traditional RH double-immersion pipe into a cylindrical insertion cover with larger diameter, and changes the RH immersion pipe to blow argon into the ladle bottom air brick to blow argon. The change increases the flow area of the inserted cover, prolongs the argon ascending path, can obtain better metallurgical effect than the original RH in the same processing time, improves the service life of the inserted cover, reduces the cold steel of the vacuum chamber, greatly reduces the argon blowing-in amount, thereby reducing the operating cost.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: quick degassing, impurity removal, uniform components, fine alloy adjustment, oxygen blowing decarburization and natural decarburization, can be suitable for steel ladles with various tonnages, and has high efficiency and low consumption.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a prior art RH vacuum degassing apparatus;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
the invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
example 1
A cover-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device comprises a ladle trolley 1, a ladle 2, a bottom-blowing argon valve station 3, an insertion cover 4, a vacuum degassing groove 5, an alloy material feeding device 6, a top-blowing oxygen lance 7, a hot bend pipe 8 and a dry mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device 9, and as shown in figure 2, the specific structure is as follows:
The steel ladle 2 is arranged on the steel ladle trolley 1, and molten steel is contained in the steel ladle 2;
The bottom argon blowing valve station 3 is connected with an air hole 21 arranged at the bottom of the ladle 2 through a gas transmission pipe; the vacuum degassing groove 5 is arranged right above the opening of the steel ladle 2, the bottom of the vacuum degassing groove 5 is welded and connected with the top of the insertion cover 4, and the bottom of the insertion cover 4 is submerged below the liquid level of the molten steel of the steel ladle 2; two sides of the top of the vacuum degassing tank 5 are respectively connected with a discharge hole of the alloy material feeding device 6 and an air inlet of the hot bent pipe 8 through expansion joints; the top-blown oxygen lance 7 is arranged in the vacuum degassing tank 5; the air outlet of the hot bent pipe 8 is connected with the air inlet of an exhaust device 9 of a dry mechanical vacuum pump through a vacuum seal valve;
the bottom of the insertion cover 4 is provided with at least two rectangular or crescent slag discharge grooves 41, and the height of the slag discharge groove 4 is not more than 60 mm;
setting the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle 2 as D, the distance between the center of the air hole 21 and the central axis of the steel ladle 2 as s, the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the insertion cover 4 as D, taking a vertical plane perpendicular to a diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle 2 passing through the air hole 21 as a section plane, and setting an included angle formed by the center of the air hole 21 and two end points of the top end of the molten steel liquid surface in the steel ladle 2 as alpha, then: s belongs to [0.06D,0.1D ], D belongs to [0.3D,0.5D ], alpha belongs to [16 degrees, 20 degrees ].
The insertion cover 4 is a steel pipe body and is internally and externally lined with refractory materials for protection; the vacuum degassing tank 5 is a steel shell and is lined with refractory materials; the alloy feeding device 6 can realize the adjustment of alloy components in the treatment process; the top-blown oxygen lance 7 can be arranged according to the production process conditions and is used for decarburization treatment; the hot bent pipe 8 is a steel shell and is lined with refractory materials, and plays a role in isolating the convection of cold and hot gases and reducing heat loss; the dry type mechanical vacuum pump exhaust system 9 creates vacuum conditions for the vacuum degassing tank 5, and each stage of pump set can run in different control modes according to different smelting modes.
In this embodiment: the exhaust device 9 of the dry type mechanical vacuum pump comprises an air cooler 91, a cyclone bag-type dust collector 92, a Roots vacuum pump set and a screw vacuum pump set,
the air inlet of the air cooler 91 is connected with the air outlet of the hot bend pipe 8, the air outlet of the air cooler 91 is connected with the air inlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector 92,
the roots vacuum pump package includes three at least series connection's roots vacuum pump unit of group, and every roots vacuum pump unit includes two at least parallel connection's roots vacuum pump 93, and the screw vacuum pump package includes two at least parallel connection's screw vacuum pump 94, roots vacuum pump package and screw vacuum pump package series connection, promptly: a plurality of Roots vacuum pumps 93 are connected in parallel to form a Roots vacuum pump unit, a plurality of Roots vacuum pump units are connected in series to form a Roots vacuum pump set, a plurality of screw vacuum pumps 94 are connected in parallel to form a screw vacuum pump set,
the air outlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector 92 is connected with the air inlet of the pump set of the Roots vacuum pump, and the air outlet of the pump set of the screw vacuum pump is discharged to the outside atmosphere.
When the method is used, the steps are implemented in sequence as follows:
a. Deslagging: conveying a steel ladle 2 to a treatment station through a steel ladle trolley 1, switching on a bottom argon blowing valve station 3, blowing argon into the steel ladle 2 through an air hole 21 at the bottom of the steel ladle 2, enabling steel slag on the molten steel surface in the steel ladle 2 to flow around and push away by the rising of the argon, forming a slag-free area on the molten steel surface, enabling the steel ladle 2 to rise by a jacking device at the same time, enabling an insertion cover 4 to move downwards relative to the steel ladle 2 until the insertion cover 4 is immersed in the steel slag layer on the molten steel surface in the steel ladle 2, and continuously discharging the steel slag from a slag discharge groove 41 to the outside of the insertion cover 4 under the action of the rising argon;
b. steel making: after slag discharge is finished, the jacking device continuously rises, when the steel is lifted to an operation station, argon blown in through the bottom-blowing argon valve station 3 forms circulating power for lifting the molten steel, the molten steel forms circulation among the steel ladle 2, the insertion cover 4 and the vacuum degassing tank 5, the molten steel circulating in the vacuum degassing tank 5 floats upwards to the surface of the molten steel to escape under the action of gas stirring and a vacuum environment generated by the exhaust device 9 of the dry type mechanical vacuum pump, then the molten steel is exhausted through the vacuum degassing tank 5, the air cooler 91, the cyclone bag-type dust collector 92, the Roots vacuum pump 93 and the screw vacuum pump 94, impurities float upwards, oxygen is blown in through the top-blowing oxygen lance 7 to carry out steelmaking, different smelting means such as oxygen blowing decarburization, alloy fine adjustment, chemical temperature rise and the like can be respectively adopted according to different steel types, and the.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a cover shape circulation vacuum degassing device, includes ladle trolley (1) and ladle (2), and on ladle trolley (1) was located in ladle (2), ladle (2) held the molten steel, characterized by: also comprises a bottom-blowing argon valve station (3), an insertion cover (4), a vacuum degassing groove (5), an alloy material feeding device (6), a top-blowing oxygen lance (7), a hot bent pipe (8) and a dry mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device (9),
the bottom argon blowing valve station (3) is connected with an air vent (21) arranged at the bottom of the ladle (2) through a gas transmission pipe; the vacuum degassing tank (5) is arranged right above the opening of the ladle (2), the bottom of the vacuum degassing tank (5) is connected with the top of the insertion cover (4), and the bottom of the insertion cover (4) is immersed below the liquid level of the molten steel of the ladle (2); two sides of the top of the vacuum degassing groove (5) are respectively connected with a feeding port of the alloy material feeding device (6) and an air inlet of the hot bent pipe (8); the top-blown oxygen lance (7) is arranged in the vacuum degassing tank (5); the air outlet of the hot bent pipe (8) is connected with the air inlet of an exhaust device (9) of the dry mechanical vacuum pump;
the bottom of the insertion cover (4) is provided with at least two rectangular or crescent slag discharge grooves (41), and the height of the slag discharge grooves (41) is not more than 60 mm;
setting the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle (2) as D, the distance between the center of the air hole (21) and the central axis of the steel ladle (2) as s, the inner diameter of the bottom end surface of the insertion cover (4) as D, taking a vertical plane perpendicular to the diameter of the bottom end surface of the steel ladle (2) passing through the air hole (21) as a section plane, and setting an included angle formed by the center of the air hole (21) and two end points at the top end of the molten steel liquid surface in the steel ladle (2) as alpha, then: s belongs to [0.06D,0.1D ], D belongs to [0.3D,0.5D ], alpha belongs to [16 degrees, 20 degrees ];
the exhaust device (9) of the dry type mechanical vacuum pump comprises an air cooler (91), a cyclone bag-type dust collector (92), a Roots vacuum pump set and a screw vacuum pump set,
The air inlet of the air cooler (91) is connected with the air outlet of the hot bend pipe (8), the air outlet of the air cooler (91) is connected with the air inlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector (92),
The Roots vacuum pump set comprises at least three sets of Roots vacuum pump units connected in series, each Roots vacuum pump unit comprises at least two Roots vacuum pumps (93) connected in parallel, the screw vacuum pump set comprises at least two screw vacuum pumps (94) connected in parallel, the Roots vacuum pump set and the screw vacuum pump set are connected in series,
the air outlet of the cyclone bag-type dust collector (92) is connected with the air inlet of the pump set of the Roots vacuum pump, and the air outlet of the pump set of the screw vacuum pump is discharged to the outside atmosphere.
2. The use method of the hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device according to claim 1, wherein: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:
a. Deslagging: conveying a steel ladle (2) to a treatment station through a steel ladle trolley (1), switching on a bottom argon blowing valve station (3), blowing argon into the steel ladle (2) through an air hole (21) at the bottom of the steel ladle (2), enabling steel slag on the molten steel liquid surface in the steel ladle (2) to flow towards the periphery and push away the steel slag so as to form a slag-free area on the molten steel surface, enabling the steel ladle (2) to rise through a jacking device, enabling an insertion cover (4) to move downwards relative to the steel ladle (2) until the insertion cover (4) is submerged in a steel slag layer on the molten steel liquid surface in the steel ladle (2), and continuously discharging the steel slag from a slag discharge groove (41) to the outside of the insertion cover (4) under the action of the ascending argon;
b. steel making: after slag discharging is finished, the jacking device continuously rises, when the steel is lifted to an operation station, argon blown in through the bottom-blowing argon valve station (3) forms circulating power for lifting molten steel, so that the molten steel forms circulation among the steel ladle (2), the insertion cover (4) and the vacuum degassing tank (5), the molten steel circulating in the vacuum degassing tank (5) floats upwards to the surface of the molten steel to escape under the action of gas stirring and a vacuum environment generated by the dry type mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device (9), then is exhausted through the vacuum degassing tank (5) and the dry type mechanical vacuum pump exhaust device (9), impurities float upwards, and oxygen is blown in through the top-blowing argon valve (7) to implement steel making.
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| CN201710051533.6A CN107964575B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | hood-shaped circulation vacuum degassing device and using method thereof |
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| CN107964575B true CN107964575B (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH01177312A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating vacuum degassing |
| CN2432219Y (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-05-30 | 北京科技大学 | Multifunctional multiple blowing single nozzle refining furnace |
| CN201214672Y (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2009-04-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Single nozzle refining furnace |
| CN101805817A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-18 | 北京科大三泰科技发展有限公司 | Method for smelting ultra-low hydrogen steel by using single-nozzle refining furnace |
| CN201883107U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-06-29 | 北京科大三泰科技发展有限公司 | Refining furnace with single snorkel |
| CN102312046A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Slag discharge method of single-nozzle refining furnace |
| CN102943151A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-27 | 杭州杭真真空工程技术有限公司 | Steel liquid vacuum refinement system adopting complete-dry type mechanical vacuum pump |
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2017
- 2017-01-23 CN CN201710051533.6A patent/CN107964575B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01177312A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating vacuum degassing |
| CN2432219Y (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-05-30 | 北京科技大学 | Multifunctional multiple blowing single nozzle refining furnace |
| CN201214672Y (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2009-04-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Single nozzle refining furnace |
| CN101805817A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-18 | 北京科大三泰科技发展有限公司 | Method for smelting ultra-low hydrogen steel by using single-nozzle refining furnace |
| CN201883107U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-06-29 | 北京科大三泰科技发展有限公司 | Refining furnace with single snorkel |
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| CN102943151A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-27 | 杭州杭真真空工程技术有限公司 | Steel liquid vacuum refinement system adopting complete-dry type mechanical vacuum pump |
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