CN107961072B - 一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置 - Google Patents

一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置 Download PDF

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CN107961072B
CN107961072B CN201711174513.4A CN201711174513A CN107961072B CN 107961072 B CN107961072 B CN 107961072B CN 201711174513 A CN201711174513 A CN 201711174513A CN 107961072 B CN107961072 B CN 107961072B
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蔡元学
于正阳
高航天
邹竹帆
张宸睿
朱金龙
靳梦晨
王欢
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,包括:血管疏通部件和成像部件;其中所述血管疏通部件包括激光器(1)、凸透镜(2)、光纤耦合器(3)、光纤分束器(4)、光纤探头控制器(5)、环形光纤组器件;其中由激光器(1)发射的激光,透过凸透镜(2)聚焦进入光纤耦合器(3),而后使用光纤分束器(4)对激光分束制成环形光纤组器件,所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分(7)。光纤探头操控器(5)用于操控环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分;其中,成像部件为超声波成像设备,包括超声探头(9)和超声波成像仪(10)。通过该装置可以方便清除血管中的脂肪堵塞物,解决血管堵塞问题。

Description

一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置
技术领域
本发明属于激光医疗器械,通过结合光镊、光刀技术与超声成像技术,通过特种光纤将能量作用于血管内的脂类沉积,观察并将其清除的设备。
背景技术
我国心血管病的发病持续增加,血管疾病患病率是所有疾病中最高的,而且心血管的患病人数占我国所有患病人数的百分之八十七,现有治疗手段还停留在药物控制和血管搭桥支架层面。现有手段存在诸多弊端,从安全性、经济性与普及性上面存在很多问题,急需新的技术对目前所存在的问题进行优化解决,提高对此类疾病治疗的安全性及可靠性。
光镊以一种温和的、非机械接触的方式完成夹持和操纵物体,捕获力是施加在整个微粒上,非机械捕获那样集中在很小的面积上,不会对捕获的生物微粒造成机械损伤和污染。光镊与高空间分辨率的技术相结合,使之具备精细的结构分辨能力和动态操控与功能研究的能力。光的无形性和穿透性,光镊可以在保持细胞自然生活环境的情况下对其进行捕获与操纵。
光镊的所有机械部件离捕获对象的距离都远大于捕获对象的尺度(1000倍),是遥控操作。
光刀是用激光代替手术刀进行手术的医疗装置。激光有单一方向性,能量密度高,可利用其热效应、光效应和电磁效应等切割身体组织。用激光刀进行手术,切口平滑,出血少,不易感染。
光刀与光镊技术是一种作用在微米尺度的高能量低损伤方式,在使用激光对不同细胞和物质进行实验的过程中,得到了适当波长与能量的激光对脂类与血浆的作用,通过将这些技术融合,对血管栓塞的治疗有了新突破。
发明内容:
根据各技术相结合的特点,加之目前医学领域在该种疾病的治疗上存在一定空白,本发明可以通过特种光纤从血管内作用于脂类堵塞物,作用精准,局部能量可调可控,大大减小了单纯药物治疗对身体的危害,创伤小并且直接作用于患处,起效迅速。本发明采用集成的方式将三种激光操作融合于一身,也可分别进行控制和使用。并且可以沿着设定好的程序运行。
近三十年来,医学超声诊断技术发生了一次又一次革命性的飞跃,80年代介入性超声逐渐普及,体腔探头和术中探头的应用扩大了诊断范围,也提高了诊断水平,90年代的血管内超声、三维成像、新型声学造影剂的应用使超声诊断又上了一个新台阶。其发展速度令人惊叹,目前已成为临床多种疾病诊断的首选方法,并成为一种非常重要的多种参数的系列诊断技术。
一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,包括:血管疏通部件和成像部件;
其中,所述血管疏通部件包括激光器1、凸透镜2、光纤耦合器3、光纤分束器4、光纤探头操控器5、环形光纤组器件;其中由激光器1发射的激光,透过凸透镜2聚焦进入光纤耦合器3,而后使用光纤分束器4对激光分束制成环形光纤组器件,所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分7,光纤探头操控器5用于操控环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分;
其中,成像部件为超声波成像设备,包括超声探头9和超声波成像仪10。
优选,其中光纤束探头部分7为拉锥后的纳米尺度的尖头。结合超声波成像设备,将组合光纤微创导入堵塞血管中。
优选,其中超声波成像设备用于辅助光纤探头操控器5将环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分7微创导入需要疏通的血管中。
优选,其中,光纤探头操控器5对光纤探头部分实现多维调节,以方便光纤探头部分进入血管中合适的位置。
优选,其中凸透镜为多个。
优选,其中光纤耦合器为多个,该光纤耦合器将经凸透镜汇聚后的激光导入单模光纤中。
优选,其中光纤分束器为多个,该光纤分束器将输出的一根光纤,分束变成多束能量相同的光纤输出,使其成为环形光纤组器件。
优选,该装置进一步包括金属网,用于收集清除掉的脂肪堵塞物。
优选,金属网间隔可调,为涂覆有脂肪酶的金属网,用于清除血管内多余的脂肪。
在试用该装置时,通过光纤耦合器将适合实验条件波长的激光耦合入光纤后进行分束,制成环形光纤组合器件,光纤末端为拉锥后的纳米尺度尖头,结合超声波成像设备,将环形光纤组合器件的光纤探头微创导入主要堵塞血管中,到达作用位置处,根据血管内壁脂类物质沉积的方位对相应位置的光纤给予能量,对血管壁的脂类物质进行局部融化、分离。超声波成像系统成像的同时,高频的声波对于阻塞血管的脂类物质也有一定的分解作用,增强了激光对血管的疏通效率。在血管另一端放置微型网状器件来收集分离后的脂类物质碎块并提出体外。对创口进行缝合,可以用常规的缝合,也可以利用特定波长激光的凝血特性对微小创口进行缝合。
本发明的优点在于:
本发明通过包括血管疏通部件和成像部件的血管内脂肪堵塞物清除装置,可以方便清除堵塞血管中的脂肪,从而解决血管堵塞问题。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中,用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中:
图1为一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置;
图2为光纤束探头部分7的截面图;
图3为图1装置的简单构型图。
具体实施方式
下文将参照附图更充分地描述本发明的实施例,本发明的优选实施例在附图中示出。然而,本发明可以以不同的方式实施,而不应被解释为仅限于此处所述的实施例。
这里所用的术语仅仅是为了描述特定实施例,并非要限制本发明。如此处所用的,除非上下文另有明确表述,否则单数形式“一”和“该”均同时旨在包括复数形式。还应当理解,术语“包括”、“包括”、“包括”和/或“包括”,当在此处使用时,指定了所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件的存在,但并不排除一个或多个其他的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其组合的存在或添加。
实施例1
如图1所示,为一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,包括:血管疏通部件和成像部件;其中,所述血管疏通部件包括激光器1、凸透镜2、光纤耦合器3、光纤分束器4、光纤探头操控器5、环形光纤组器件;其中由激光器1发射的激光,透过凸透镜2聚焦进入光纤耦合器3,而后使用光纤分束器4对激光分束制成环形光纤组器件,所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分7,光纤探头操控器5用于操控环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分。所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分7的界面图如图2中11/12所示。
在试用该装置时,首先由激光器1发出平行光,由凸透镜聚2焦经光纤耦合器3进入对应激光器特定波长的单模光纤,再通过光纤分束器4进行分束,使用光纤探头操控器5操控光纤,能进行微米量级移动。超声波成像仪实时监测血管内动态。对血管进行微创开刀然后,光纤输出头到达作用位置,根据血管内壁脂类物质沉积的方位对相应位置的光纤给予能量,对血管壁的脂类物质进行局部融化、分离;在血管另一端放置微型网状器件来收集分离后的脂类物质碎块并提出体外。清除血管内沉积脂块后,对创口进行缝合,可以用常规的缝合,也可以利用特定波长激光的凝血特性对微小创口进行缝合。
实施例2
一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,包括:血管疏通部件和成像部件;其中,所述血管疏通部件包括激光器1、多个凸透镜2、多个光纤耦合器3、多个光纤分束器4、光纤探头操控器5、环形光纤组器件;其中由激光器1发射的激光,透过多个凸透镜2聚焦进入多个对应的光纤耦合器3,而后使用多个对应的光纤分束器4别对激光分束,将光路耦合进光纤中形成一个环形光纤组器件。所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分7,光纤探头操控器5用于操控环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分。其使用方法与实施例类似,不赘述。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

1.一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,包括:血管疏通部件和成像部件;
其中,所述血管疏通部件包括激光器(1)、凸透镜(2)、光纤耦合器(3)、光纤分束器(4)、光纤探头操控器(5)、环形光纤组器件;其中由激光器(1)发射的激光,透过凸透镜(2)聚焦进入光纤耦合器(3),而后使用光纤分束器(4)对激光分束制成环形光纤组器件,所述环形光纤组器件的末端形成光纤束探头部分(7),光纤探头操控器(5)用于操控环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分;
其中,成像部件为超声波成像设备,包括超声探头(9)和超声波成像仪(10);
其中,所述装置还包括光刀部件,
其中,所述装置还包括金属网,用于收集清除掉的脂肪堵塞物,金属网间隔可调,为涂覆有脂肪酶的金属网,用于清除血管内多余的脂肪。
2.权利要求1所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中光纤束探头部分(7)为拉锥后的纳米尺度的尖头。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中超声波成像设备用于辅助光纤探头操控器(5)将环形光纤组器件的光纤探头部分(7)微创导入需要疏通的血管中。
4.权利要求1或2所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中,光纤探头操控器(5)对光纤探头部分实现多维调节,以方便光纤探头进入血管中合适的位置。
5.权利要求1或2所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中凸透镜为多个。
6.权利要求1或2所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中光纤耦合器为多个,该光纤耦合器将经凸透镜汇聚后的激光导入单模光纤中。
7.权利要求1或2所述的一种通过激光对血管内脂肪堵塞物进行清除的装置,其中光纤分束器为多个,该光纤分束器将输出的一根光纤分束,变成多束能量相同的光纤输出,使其成为环形光纤组器件。
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