CN107955874B - Shaft part with surface local quenching transition area and machining process thereof - Google Patents
Shaft part with surface local quenching transition area and machining process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107955874B CN107955874B CN201711172504.1A CN201711172504A CN107955874B CN 107955874 B CN107955874 B CN 107955874B CN 201711172504 A CN201711172504 A CN 201711172504A CN 107955874 B CN107955874 B CN 107955874B
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- local
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- conical cylindrical
- transition area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shaft part with a surface local quenching transition area, which comprises the shaft part with a conical cylindrical surface, wherein the surface local quenching transition area is designed into the conical cylindrical surface; the shaft diameter of the surface local quenching transition region is increased along the conical cylindrical surface, so that the strength is increased; the large head of the conical cylinder belongs to a local surface quenching transition area, the small head of the conical cylinder belongs to a local surface quenching area, and the joint of the local surface quenching transition area and the local surface quenching area is designed in the middle of the conical cylinder. The machining process of the invention can ensure that all positions of the whole shaft of the shaft part with locally quenched surface have sufficient and reliable strength, heat treatment cracks are not easy to generate, and the strength is not dropped suddenly, thereby avoiding the cracking and shaft breaking caused by fatigue failure of the local quenching transition region on the surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a shaft part with a surface local quenching transition area and a machining process thereof.
Background
The shaft is a key mechanical part for supporting and rotating with a rotating part to transmit motion, torque or bending moment, plays a very important role in various mechanical transmissions, and the most key working index is strength; after the shaft is quenched, the rigidity and the strength of the shaft can be improved, so that the shaft is more durable and has higher quality. In order to facilitate processing and manufacturing, particularly to reduce heat treatment deformation and processing cost, most shafts are designed to be locally quenched on the surface of a shaft section with high load bearing requirements, the purpose is to improve the surface quality and fatigue strength of the shaft section, but for facilitating processing and measurement, the locally quenched shaft section on the surface is often designed to be a cylindrical surface; particularly, in the past and the present shaft design, a surface local quenching transition section is never specially designed, and may be on a cylindrical surface, or a fillet, or even a tool withdrawal groove, after the surface local quenching, due to the heat conduction function of a quenching area close to the surface, a tempering effect is inevitably generated to reduce the hardness and the strength, the strength is suddenly reduced, and the problems of stress concentration, crack generation and the like are generated during the work loading, so that the fatigue failure is caused to crack and break the shaft; therefore, the design and the process of the conventional shaft part surface local quenching transition region are needed to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shaft part with a surface local quenching transition region and a machining process thereof, and aims to solve the problems that after the surface local quenching, due to the heat conduction effect of the adjacent surface quenching region, the tempering effect is inevitably generated to reduce the hardness and the strength, the strength is suddenly reduced, stress concentration and cracks are generated when the shaft part is loaded during work, and the shaft part is cracked and broken due to fatigue failure.
The shaft part with the surface local quenching transition area comprises a shaft part with a conical cylindrical surface, wherein the surface local quenching transition area of the shaft part is designed into the conical cylindrical surface; the shaft diameter of the surface local quenching transition region is increased along the conical cylindrical surface, and the strength is increased.
Furthermore, the large head of the conical cylinder surface belongs to a local surface quenching transition area, the small head of the conical cylinder surface belongs to a local surface quenching area, and the joint of the local surface quenching transition area and the local surface quenching area is designed in the middle of the conical cylinder surface.
Furthermore, the shaft parts are hardened and tempered steel shaft parts or carburized steel shaft parts.
A machining process of shaft parts with surface local quenching transition areas comprises the following steps:
local quenching transition area of surface of quenched and tempered steel shaft part: conical cylindrical surfaces are machined in machining before and after tempering, the lengths of the conical cylindrical surfaces before and after tempering are the same, the machining taper after tempering is equal to the design taper and also equal to the machining taper before tempering, the machining allowance after tempering of the conical cylindrical surfaces and other positions is the same and uniform, and the hardness gradient and the strength gradient of a local quenching transition area on the quenched surface are very smooth;
local quenching transition area of surface of carburizing steel shaft type parts: machining a conical cylindrical surface before carburizing, wherein the machining taper before carburizing is smaller than the design taper, and the length of the conical cylindrical surface machined before carburizing is larger than that of the conical cylindrical surface machined after carburizing; machining a designed conical cylindrical surface in a carburized machining process in a surface local quenching transition area, wherein the machining taper after carburization is equal to the design taper;
furthermore, after the carburized and machined surface of the carburized steel shaft part is subjected to local quenching transition zone, the carburized machining allowance is that the depth of a carburized layer on the surface of the transition zone gradually becomes shallow along the direction from a small taper end to a big end, and the carbon concentration of the outermost layer also gradually becomes low along the direction from the small taper end to the big end; the hardness gradient and the strength gradient are very smooth after the local surface quenching in the local surface quenching transition area.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the shaft diameter of the surface local quenching transition region is increased along the conical column, so that the strength is increased, and the sufficient and reliable strength of each part can be ensured although the surface strength of the transition region is reduced after the surface local quenching;
2. the invention is not easy to generate heat treatment cracks, does not generate abrupt strength drop, improves the load distribution condition on the shaft when the work is loaded, and does not generate cracks due to stress concentration caused by the abrupt strength drop, thereby avoiding the cracking and shaft breaking caused by the fatigue failure of a local quenching transition region on the surface; has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a transition zone of partial quenching on the surface of a shaft part provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the design of machining process dimensions and allowance of a local quenching transition area on the surface of a quenched and tempered steel shaft part before and after quenching and tempering;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design of the machining process dimensions and allowance of the local quenching transition zone on the surface of the carburized steel shaft part before and after carburization.
In the drawings: 1. the method comprises the steps of a shaft part, 2, a conical cylindrical surface, 3, a surface local quenching area, 4, a surface local quenching transition area, a1, machining allowance after quenching and tempering, L1, the length of the conical cylindrical surface before and after quenching and tempering, b11, machining taper after quenching and tempering, b12, machining taper before quenching and tempering, a2, machining allowance after carburization, c2, the depth of a carburized layer, b21, machining taper after carburization, b22, machining taper before carburization, L21, the length of the conical cylindrical surface after carburization, and L22, and the length of the conical cylindrical surface before carburization.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, a shaft part with a surface local quenching transition area is a shaft part 1 comprising a conical cylindrical surface 2, and the surface local quenching transition area 4 of the shaft part is designed into the conical cylindrical surface 2; the axial diameter of the surface local quenching transition region 4 is increased along the cylindrical surface of the cone, so that the strength is increased; the big end of the conical cylindrical surface belongs to a local surface quenching transition area 4, the small end of the conical cylindrical surface 2 belongs to a local surface quenching area 3, the joint of the local surface quenching transition area 4 and the local surface quenching area 3 is designed in the middle of the conical cylindrical surface 2, and the shaft part 1 is a quenched and tempered steel shaft part or a carburized steel shaft part.
A machining process of a shaft part with a surface local quenching transition region, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, includes the following steps:
local quenching transition area of surface of quenched and tempered steel shaft part: conical cylindrical surfaces are machined in machining before and after tempering, the lengths L1 of the conical cylindrical surfaces before and after tempering are the same, the machining taper b11 after tempering is equal to the design taper and is also the same as the machining taper b12 before tempering, the machining allowance a1 of the conical cylindrical surfaces after tempering and other positions is the same and uniform, and the hardness gradient and the strength gradient of a local quenching transition area on the quenched surface are very smooth;
local quenching transition area of surface of carburizing steel shaft type parts: machining a conical cylindrical surface before carburizing, wherein the machining taper b22 before carburizing is smaller than the design taper, and the length L22 of the conical cylindrical surface before carburizing is larger than the length L21 of the conical cylindrical surface after carburizing; the designed conical cylindrical surface is machined in the carburized machining transition region of the surface local quenching, and the machining taper b21 after carburization is equal to the design taper;
furthermore, after the carburized machining, the carburized machining allowance a2 is that the depth c2 of the carburized layer in the transition region becomes gradually shallow along the direction from the small end of the taper to the big end, and the carbon concentration of the outermost layer also becomes gradually low along the direction from the small end of the taper to the big end; the hardness gradient and the strength gradient are very smooth after the local surface quenching in the local surface quenching transition area.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as being within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A shaft part with a surface local quenching transition area comprises a shaft part with a conical cylindrical surface, and is characterized in that the surface local quenching transition area of the shaft part is designed into the conical cylindrical surface; the shaft diameter of the surface local quenching transition region is increased along the conical cylindrical surface, so that the strength is increased; the large head of the conical cylindrical surface belongs to a local surface quenching transition area, the small head of the conical cylindrical surface belongs to a local surface quenching area, and the joint of the local surface quenching transition area and the local surface quenching area is designed in the middle of the conical cylindrical surface; wherein, the thickness of the conical cylindrical small-end hardening area is consistent with that of the cylindrical section hardening area;
the machining process of the shaft part with the surface local quenching transition area comprises the following steps: machining a conical cylindrical surface before carburizing, wherein the machining taper before carburizing is smaller than the design taper, and the length of the conical cylindrical surface machined before carburizing is larger than that of the conical cylindrical surface machined after carburizing; machining a designed conical cylindrical surface in a carburized machining process in a surface local quenching transition area, wherein the machining taper after carburization is equal to the design taper; after the carburized machining, the carburized machining allowance is that the depth of a carburized layer of the transition area gradually becomes shallow along the direction from a small taper end to a big end, and the carbon concentration of the outermost layer also gradually becomes high along the direction from the small taper end to the big end.
2. The shaft part with the local surface quenching transition area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hardness gradient and the strength gradient of the local surface quenching transition area after local surface quenching are very smooth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711172504.1A CN107955874B (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Shaft part with surface local quenching transition area and machining process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711172504.1A CN107955874B (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Shaft part with surface local quenching transition area and machining process thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107955874A CN107955874A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
| CN107955874B true CN107955874B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711172504.1A Active CN107955874B (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Shaft part with surface local quenching transition area and machining process thereof |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110819786A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-21 | 宿州市祁南工贸有限责任公司 | Machining process suitable for sun wheel bearing of large speed reducer |
| CN112916647A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-06-08 | 天津钢管制造有限公司 | Method for improving pipe end size precision of deep-sea steel catenary riser |
| CN114134307B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-09-12 | 常州丰川机电有限公司 | Local quenching process, local quenching tool and small shaft part |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE509941C2 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-29 | Sandvik Ab | Method for masking drill elements during thermochemical surface treatment and drill elements for striking drilling |
| EP1865080A1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for applying internal compressive stresses in a shaft, in particular in shaft chamferings |
| CN202357798U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-08-01 | 洪泽县汽车半轴制造有限公司 | Half axle of light-duty truck |
| CN103341743B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-08-26 | 河北华北柴油机有限责任公司 | The anti-cracking processing method of the little axial plane carburizing and quenching multidiameter of end groove on panel surface |
| DE102015203644A1 (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Press-hardened sheet metal part with different sheet thicknesses and strengths |
| CN105081692B (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-07-11 | 南车戚墅堰机车有限公司 | A kind of processing method of the gradual change type strength structure of piston of high power diesel engine pin oilhole |
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