CN107953012A - A kind of overlaying method for helical axis - Google Patents
A kind of overlaying method for helical axis Download PDFInfo
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- CN107953012A CN107953012A CN201711170180.8A CN201711170180A CN107953012A CN 107953012 A CN107953012 A CN 107953012A CN 201711170180 A CN201711170180 A CN 201711170180A CN 107953012 A CN107953012 A CN 107953012A
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- helical axis
- welding
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- axis
- surfacing equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of overlaying method for helical axis, present invention employs weld blade again after the spiral transition zone of built-up welding on helical axis, reach well merging between spiral axis body and blade, obtain the purpose of high quality weld seam, have the characteristics that easy to operate, using effect is obvious, be adapted to large-scale promotion and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding technology field, and in particular to a kind of overlaying method for helical axis.
Background technology
Known, helical axis is one of core component on vertical mixing mill, and transmission device drives helical axis, helical axis band
Helical blade on moving axis promotes minor diameter steel ball and special material in mill body to carry out superfine grinding.Helical axis material is high-strength steel, axis
Helical blade on body is steel-casting, both materials difference is larger, and weldability is poor, can not ensure welding quality.
In order to realize the welding of the axis body of helical axis and helical blade, it usually needs one layer of transition zone of built-up welding on axis body,
Again in helical blade welding equipment to transition zone, it can so reduce the intensity difference of two kinds of materials, weldability is improved, so as to ensure
Welding quality.But if all carrying out built-up welding to axis body, although easy to operate, built-up welding cycle length, and consume substantial amounts of weldering
Material is connect, axis body straightness can be difficult to ensure that due to heated big after built-up welding.
The content of the invention
Insufficient present in background technology in order to overcome, the present invention provides a kind of overlaying method for helical axis, sheet
Invention welds blade again after employing the spiral transition zone of the built-up welding on helical axis, reaches well melting between spiral axis body and blade
Close, obtain the purpose of high quality weld seam.
To realize goal of the invention as described above, the present invention uses technical solution as described below:
A kind of overlaying method for helical axis, the overlaying method are the symmetrical double end pitch of built-up welding twice on helical axis
Spiral line type overlay cladding, specific overlaying method includes the following steps:
The first step, draw helix:
The hand of spiral is determined first, setting-out expansion is carried out to helix, then levelling helical axis, is made eight on helical axis
Circumferential bisector, i.e., by the circumferential progress eight equal parts of helical axis, then draw eight equal parts location point, then successively according to design size
Each point is subjected to line, carries out retouching line after line, ocean is reused and rushes in row and get ready and slightly retouch;
Second step, coarse adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
The big end of helical axis is loaded on the chuck of surfacing equipment, helical axis can be realized on surfacing equipment uniformly to be turned
It is dynamic, then moved with a head on surfacing equipment along axis, whether detection helical axis clamping is horizontal, then in surfacing equipment
Upper setting pitch and built-up welding direction, No Load Start program, until surfacing equipment is in each pitch, terminal and starting point are at one
On center line, and whether the distance for measuring beginning and end is setpoint distance;
3rd step, preheat helical axis:
Helical axis is preheated using heater, the preheating temperature of helical axis is 250~300 DEG C, in fixed heater
When, need to adjust heater nozzle and helical axis height it is suitable, the encirclement degree of flame and helical axis is suitable, play it is best plus
Thermal effect, and heater will be inclined to the opposite side of welder's standing operation, be conducive to the operation of personnel, and welding process Flame adds
Heat is not stopped always, and in heating process, helical axis is always maintained at rotating, and temperature-rise period ensures to be not more than 1~20 DEG C per hour, makes spiral shell
Spin axis is heated evenly, and can so ensure the straightness of helical axis;
4th step, accurate adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
Helical axis is since heat expansion reason, pitch actual size can be elongated, and pitch can shorten again after cooling, but surfacing equipment
Head movement does not change, so as to cause surfacing equipment to run line skew, when ultimately causing a pitch to terminal, helical axis is but
Rotate more than one week or less than one week, at this time by original setting electronic speed ratio amplify, so as to so that the adjustment of main shaft drives more
Add and become more meticulous, if there is deviation during correction, can adjust molecule numerical value, a numerical value is increased or decreased every time, to test built-up welding
Whether equipment head track is consistent with ruling by hand on heating rear screw axis, i.e., by constantly adjusting the proportioning of molecule and denominator,
Final adjustment is coincide to head track with helix, this adjustment is most important preparation before helical axis built-up welding;
5th step, built-up welding:
Helical axis is forbidden to change direction of rotation in weld deposit process, the chuck that is loaded of surfacing equipment provides torque, drives spiral shell
Spin axis rotates, and the axial float that can make axis body to a direction continuous rotation remains unchanged, if in weld deposit process round about
Rotating, welding pitch dimension change can be caused, pitch precision is influenced, cause weld seam to misplace, fusion is bad, forms defect, due to
Spiral shaft diameter is relatively thin and be helix, and built-up welding be easy to cause greatly very much molten iron flow, not easy to control, and therefore, when built-up welding is formed
One side gradient is preferable, and another edge forming is bad, and easily causes spiral bending shaft;
During built-up welding, 8~10mm of weld width, 4~5mm of amount of lap, individual layer 2~3mm of throat thickness, built-up welding gross thickness is 11
~20mm;
During built-up welding, to be symmetrically welded, effectively reduce the curvature of helical axis, after having welded first of first layer helix,
Second helix first layer is symmetrically welded, after the completion of the two side weld built-up welding of twice helix, refills middle welding bead, during filling
It is same to ensure symmetrical welding, so it is symmetrically welded repeatedly to being stuffed entirely with completing, welding ginseng can not be arbitrarily adjusted in welding process
Number, once, it is necessary to passing again to starting point by prescribed direction again can weld after there is rotating more than starting point in welding process, forbids
Rotate backward;
One layer is often welded in weld deposit process, it is necessary to checked welding bead surface comprehensively, it is found that incomplete fusion and stomata will be into
Row cleaning repair welding, it is necessary to carry out repair welding to indentation position, whether inspection beginning and end has in surface smoothness error big place
Slag inclusion and starting the arc defect, if any should clear up immediately;
Helical axis overlay cladding postwelding cannot carry out continuing to be added to and carrying out more than after preheating temperature into furnace annealing processing immediately
Heat treatment, that is, open big flame after welding and be heated to above preheating temperature, kept for 0.5~5 hour, by helical axis from built-up welding
Remove tight using heat-preservation cotton parcel immediately in equipment, be slowly decreased to room temperature, helical axis when removing placement from surfacing equipment,
Pay attention to helical axis focus point, the chock by padding different height ensures that helical axis is laid flat and avoids because of helical axis both ends diameter not
Together, spiral bending shaft is caused.
The overlaying method for helical axis, it is described to carry out retouching line using heat safe painting pen when retouching line.
The overlaying method for helical axis, is added when the helical axis preheats using single single jet absorption type heater of mouth
Heat, nozzle width 150mm, ensures to be heated evenly.
The overlaying method for helical axis, the welding method during built-up welding use submerged-arc welding.
The overlaying method for helical axis, it is H08MnA, a diameter of 4mm that metal is filled during the built-up welding.
The overlaying method for helical axis, the electric current of surfacing equipment is 500~520 amperes during the built-up welding.
The overlaying method for helical axis, the arc voltage of surfacing equipment is 27~30V during the built-up welding.
The overlaying method for helical axis, the speed of welding of surfacing equipment is 300~375mm/ during the built-up welding
min。
The overlaying method for helical axis, the surface smoothness error of the overlay cladding is 2mm.
Using technical solution as described above, the present invention has superiority as described below:
Present invention employs blade is welded again after the spiral transition zone of built-up welding on helical axis, reach spiral axis body and blade it
Between good fusion, obtain the purpose of high quality weld seam, have the characteristics that easy to operate, using effect is obvious, be adapted on a large scale
Promotion and application.
Embodiment
The present invention can be explained in more detail by the following examples, the invention is not limited in the following examples;
The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Helical axis is mainly made of axis body and blade, and the material of axis body is 30Cr2Ni2Mo, and the material of blade is
ASTMA216WCA, since both are larger into phase-splitting difference, weldability is poor, now uses and is welded again after the spiral transition zone of built-up welding on axis body
The method for connecing blade, reaches the good purpose for merging, obtaining high quality weld seam between axis body and blade.
The transition zone of above-mentioned spiral axis body is the spiral line type overlay cladding of twice 3 meters of pitch of symmetrical double end, to ensure its spiral shell
Physical dimension, pitch precision and the layer quality of overlay cladding are revolved, spy takes following manufacture craft to the helical axis built-up welding, main
To include herein below:
The first step, draw helix:
By taking a helix as an example, it is first determined the hand of spiral, carries out helix setting-out expansion, then levelling spiral
Axis, makees eight circumferential bisectors on helical axis, i.e., by the circumferential progress eight equal parts of helical axis, then draws eight equal parts position successively
Point, each point carries out to line, retouch line using heat safe painting pen after line, reuse ocean and rush in row and get ready and slightly retouch;
Second step, coarse adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
Since the movement locus of head on surfacing equipment determines the accurate of overlay cladding size, particularly to overlay cladding pitch
Precision controlling, so the debugging of built-up welder head rail mark is particularly important;
The big end of helical axis is loaded on the chuck on surfacing equipment, and helical axis can be realized on surfacing equipment uniformly to be turned
It is dynamic;
Moved with a head along axis, see whether helical axis clamping is horizontal;
Set pitch and built-up welding direction, No Load Start program, until surfacing equipment is in each three meters pitch, terminal
With starting point on a center line, and whether the distance for measuring beginning and end is three meters;
3rd step, preheat helical axis:
Technological requirement preheats more than 250 DEG C, is heated using the single jet absorption type heater of single mouth, nozzle width 150mm, is protected
Card is heated evenly;In fixed heater, it need to adjust that the height of nozzle and axis is suitable, the encirclement degree of flame and axis is suitable, plays
Best heating effect;And heater will be inclined to the opposite side of welder's standing operation, be conducive to the operation of personnel;Welding process
Flame heating does not stop always, and in heating process, axis body is always maintained at rotating, and temperature-rise period ensures to be not more than 20 degree per hour,
Axis body is heated evenly, can so ensure the straightness of axis body;
3rd step, accurate adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
Helical axis is due to heat expansion reason, and the actual ruler of pitch can be elongated, and pitch can shorten again after cooling, but head movement does not have
Change, thus cause equipment run line skew, when ultimately causing the pitch of a 3m long to terminal, axis but rotate more than one week or
Person was less than one week, and the transverse movement precision of head is directly driven by servomotor, and fine setting difficulty is very big, so can only be from axis body
It is finely adjusted in running accuracy;
The torque that helical axis rotation is mainly provided by the chuck that is loaded drives, mainly by spindle drive motor and driver
Control, is set as 1 by original:5 electronic speed ratios are adjusted to 50:250,50 times are exaggerated, so as to so that main shaft drives must adjust more
Add and become more meticulous, if there is deviation during correction, can adjust molecule numerical value, increase or decrease 1 numerical value every time, carry out test machine head rail
Whether mark is consistent with ruling by hand on heating rear axle, i.e., by constantly adjusting the proportioning of molecule and denominator, final adjustment to head
Track coincide with helix, this adjustment is most important preparation before helical axis built-up welding;
5th step, built-up welding:
Note that forbidding axis body to change direction of rotation in weld deposit process, the chuck that is loaded provides torque, drives helical axis rotation,
The axial float that can make axis body to a direction continuous rotation remains unchanged, if being rotated round about in weld deposit process, can make
Into welding pitch dimension change, pitch precision is influenced, causes weld seam to misplace, fusion is bad, forms defect;
Since axis body diameter is relatively thin and is helix, specification be easy to cause greatly very much molten iron flow and is difficult to control, and forms one
Side slope degree is preferable, and another edge forming is bad, and easily causes axis body bending, through overtesting, can be obtained using welding parameter in table 1
Obtain good overlay cladding;
1 welding technique of submerged arc welding standard parameter of table
During built-up welding, 8~10mm of weld width, 4~5mm of amount of lap, individual layer 2~3mm of throat thickness, built-up welding gross thickness exists
More than 11mm;
It is symmetrically welded, effectively reduces axis body curvature, after having welded first of first layer helix, be symmetrically welded second
Helix first layer, after the completion of the two side weld built-up welding of twice helix, refills middle welding bead, and when filling is same to be ensured symmetrically to apply
Weldering, is so symmetrically welded to being stuffed entirely with completing repeatedly, can not arbitrarily adjust welding parameter in welding process, one in welding process
But occur rotating more than after starting point, it is necessary to passing again to starting point by prescribed direction again can weld, forbid to rotate backward;
Note that often welding one layer, it is necessary to be checked welding bead surface, discovery incomplete fusion and stomata comprehensively in weld deposit process
Carry out cleaning repair welding, surface smoothness error is up to, it is necessary to carry out repair welding to indentation position, checking beginning and end at 2 millimeters
Whether slag inclusion and starting the arc defect are had, if any should clear up immediately;
After be heat-treated, helical axis overlay cladding postwelding cannot carry out continuing to be added to more than preheating into furnace annealing processing immediately
The rear heat treatment of temperature, that is, open big flame and be heated to more than 350 DEG C, kept for two hours, lower special plane makes immediately after welding
It is tight with heat-preservation cotton parcel, room temperature is slowly decreased to, when hanging lower special plane placement, axis body focus point is paid attention to, by padding different height
Chock ensures that axis body is laid flat and avoids because axis body both ends diameter is different, and causes axis body to bend.
Part not in the detailed description of the invention is the prior art.
The embodiment selected herein for the goal of the invention of the open present invention, is presently considered to be suitable, still,
It is to be understood that it is contemplated that belong to all changes and the improvement of the embodiment in this design and invention scope including all.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of overlaying method for helical axis, the overlaying method is the symmetrical double end pitch of built-up welding twice on helical axis
Spiral line type overlay cladding, it is characterized in that:Specific overlaying method includes the following steps:
The first step, draw helix:
The hand of spiral is determined first, setting-out expansion is carried out to helix, then levelling helical axis, is made eight circumferential directions on helical axis
Bisector, i.e., by the circumferential progress eight equal parts of helical axis, then draw eight equal parts location point successively according to design size, then will be each
Point carries out line, carries out retouching line after line, reuses ocean and rushes in row and get ready and slightly retouches;
Second step, coarse adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
The big end of helical axis is loaded on the chuck of surfacing equipment, helical axis can realize uniform rotation on surfacing equipment,
Then moved with a head on surfacing equipment along axis, whether detection helical axis clamping is horizontal, then on surfacing equipment
Pitch and built-up welding direction are set, No Load Start program, until surfacing equipment is in each pitch, terminal and starting point are in one
On heart line, and whether the distance for measuring beginning and end is setpoint distance;
3rd step, preheat helical axis:
Helical axis is preheated using heater, the preheating temperature of helical axis is 250~300 DEG C, in fixed heater, is needed
The nozzle of adjustment heater and the height of helical axis are suitable, and the encirclement degree of flame and helical axis is suitable, play best heating effect
Fruit, and heater will be inclined to the opposite side of welder's standing operation, be conducive to the operation of personnel, welding process Flame heating one
Do not stop directly, in heating process, helical axis is always maintained at rotating, and temperature-rise period ensures to be not more than 1~20 DEG C per hour, makes helical axis
It is heated evenly, can so ensures the straightness of helical axis;
4th step, accurate adjustment surfacing equipment parameter:
Helical axis is since heat expansion reason, pitch actual size can be elongated, and pitch can shorten again after cooling, but the head of surfacing equipment
Movement does not change, so as to cause surfacing equipment to run line skew, when ultimately causing a pitch to terminal, helical axis but rotates
More than one week or less than one week, the electronic speed ratio by original setting amplifies at this time, so as to so that the adjustment of main shaft drives is more smart
Refinement, if there is deviation during correction, can adjust molecule numerical value, a numerical value is increased or decreased every time, to test surfacing equipment
Whether head track is consistent with ruling by hand on heating rear screw axis, i.e., by constantly adjusting the proportioning of molecule and denominator, finally
It is adjusted to head track to coincide with helix, this adjustment is most important preparation before helical axis built-up welding;
5th step, built-up welding:
Helical axis is forbidden to change direction of rotation in weld deposit process, the chuck that is loaded of surfacing equipment provides torque, drives helical axis
Rotation, the axial float that can make axis body to a direction continuous rotation remains unchanged, if being rotated round about in weld deposit process,
Welding pitch dimension change can be caused, pitch precision is influenced, causes weld seam to misplace, fusion is bad, defect is formed, due to helical axis
Diameter is relatively thin and be helix, and built-up welding be easy to cause greatly very much molten iron flow, not easy to control, and therefore, when built-up welding forms a side slope
Degree is preferable, and another edge forming is bad, and easily causes spiral bending shaft;
During built-up welding, 8~10mm of weld width, 4~5mm of amount of lap, individual layer 2~3mm of throat thickness, built-up welding gross thickness 11~
20mm;
During built-up welding, to be symmetrically welded, effectively reduce the curvature of helical axis, after having welded first of first layer helix, symmetrically
Second helix first layer is welded, after the completion of the two side weld built-up welding of twice helix, refills middle welding bead, when filling is same
Ensure symmetrical welding, be so symmetrically welded repeatedly to being stuffed entirely with completing, welding parameter can not be arbitrarily adjusted in welding process, weld
Once, it is necessary to passing again to starting point by prescribed direction again can weld after there is rotating more than starting point in termination process, forbid reversely
Rotate;
One layer is often welded in weld deposit process, it is necessary to be checked welding bead surface comprehensively, discovery incomplete fusion and stomata will carry out clearly
Repair welding is managed, it is necessary to carry out repair welding to indentation position, whether inspection beginning and end has slag inclusion in surface smoothness error big place
With starting the arc defect, if any should clear up immediately;
Helical axis overlay cladding postwelding cannot carry out need to continuing to be added into furnace annealing processing immediately more than carrying out hot place after preheating temperature
Reason, that is, open big flame after welding and be heated to above preheating temperature, kept for 0.5~5 hour, by helical axis from surfacing equipment
On remove tight using heat-preservation cotton parcel immediately, be slowly decreased to room temperature, helical axis pays attention to when removing placement from surfacing equipment
Helical axis focus point, the chock by padding different height ensure that helical axis is laid flat and avoid because helical axis both ends diameters is different, and
Cause spiral bending shaft.
2. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:It is described when retouching line using heat safe
Painting pen carries out retouching line.
3. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:Using single during the helical axis preheating
The single jet absorption type heater heating of mouth, nozzle width 150mm, ensures to be heated evenly.
4. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:The welding method during built-up welding is adopted
Use submerged-arc welding.
5. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:Metal is filled during the built-up welding is
H08MnA, a diameter of 4mm.
6. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:The electricity of surfacing equipment during the built-up welding
Flow for 500~520 amperes.
7. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:The electricity of surfacing equipment during the built-up welding
Arc voltage is 27~30V.
8. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:The weldering of surfacing equipment during the built-up welding
It is 300~375 mm/min to connect speed.
9. the overlaying method according to claim 1 for helical axis, it is characterized in that:The surface smoothness of the overlay cladding
Error is 2mm.
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CN201711170180.8A CN107953012B (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | Surfacing method for spiral shaft |
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