CN107951533B - 实验用手动开颅钻 - Google Patents

实验用手动开颅钻 Download PDF

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CN107951533B
CN107951533B CN201711168230.9A CN201711168230A CN107951533B CN 107951533 B CN107951533 B CN 107951533B CN 201711168230 A CN201711168230 A CN 201711168230A CN 107951533 B CN107951533 B CN 107951533B
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drilling pipe
handle
cam
fixed pin
positioning seat
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CN107951533A (zh
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王广益
郑立春
孙良颖
黄文佳
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Liupanshui People's Hospital
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1695Trepans or craniotomes, i.e. specially adapted for drilling thin bones such as the skull
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/171Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for external fixation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/10Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/10Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
    • A61B2090/103Cranial plugs for access to brain

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种实验用手动开颅钻,包括有定位座,钻筒,调节螺母件,固定针,拧紧把手以及凸轮组件;所述钻筒包括钻筒部,钻入距离调节部以及旋钮部;所述的钻筒部下端成型有钻齿;所述固定针包括有锥形钻头以及针杆;所述的针杆在上端成型有凸轮连接板;所述的凸轮连接板开设有凸轮连接孔;所述凸轮组件包括把手以及凸轮;使用时,使锥形钻头进入颅骨合适深度;此时旋转旋钮部,钻齿随着钻筒一边旋转一边向下移动,当调节螺母件外壁的凸起与定位座相抵时,颅骨恰好被钻开,锥形钻头固定在钻好后的颅骨块上,从而被取下。

Description

实验用手动开颅钻
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种实验用手动开颅钻。
背景技术
专利号为201520672450.5的中国发明专利公开了一种实验用手动开颅钻套件,上述的手动开颅钻套件由于定位针的存在,使在开颅时,手动开颅钻套件不会相对颅骨打滑而且能单人操作,但是在恰好钻穿颅骨时,可能会将定位针钻入颅内,破坏内部脑组织。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:针对现有技术存在的不足,提供一种结构简单,能够方便地在颅骨上打孔,并将所钻颅骨块取出,避免过深钻入颅骨内部。
为实现本发明之目的,采用以下技术方案予以实现:一种实验用手动开颅钻,包括有定位座,插接在所述定位座内的钻筒,螺纹连接在所述钻筒外壁的调节螺母件,滑动连接在所述钻筒内的固定针,滑动连接在所述固定针上部的拧紧把手以及凸轮组件;所述定位座上开设有圆形通孔;所述的定位座下端成型有沿所述通孔周向均匀分布的四个定位针;所述钻筒包括圆柱形的钻筒部,成型在所述钻筒部上端的钻入距离调节部以及成型在所述钻筒部上端的旋钮部;所述的钻筒部下端成型有钻齿;所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁上部成型有外螺纹;所述的调节螺母件包括有与所述外螺纹螺纹连接的螺母;所述的螺母内壁成型有内螺纹。
所述固定针包括有锥形钻头以及针杆;所述针杆上部侧壁开设有条形滑动槽;所述的针杆在上端成型有凸轮连接板;所述的凸轮连接板开设有凸轮连接孔;所述针杆上套接有弹簧;所述弹簧固定连接在所述拧紧把手下端;所述的旋钮部中间上端开设有与所述针杆配合的第一穿孔;所述拧紧把手中间开设有与所述固定针上部配合的第二穿孔;所述第二穿孔内壁成型有与针杆的滑动槽配合的滑动条;所述的凸轮组件包括把手以及成型在所述把手一端的凸轮;所述凸轮组件通过螺栓转动连接在所述固定针的凸轮连接孔内;所述把手上靠近凸轮短轴且相对旋拧把手端面成型有凸起;所述的拧紧把手上成型有与把手的凸起配合的定位孔;所述的定位座,钻筒,调节螺母件,固定针,拧紧把手以及凸轮组件分别采用不锈钢一体成型。
作为优选方案:所述的定位座外壁成型有两个对称的把手部。
作为优选方案:所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁下部开设有多个卡槽;所述的卡槽沿钻入距离调节部的周向等距离分布;所述螺母下端成型有插接在定位座的通孔内的卡紧圈,所述卡紧圈内侧连接有与所述的卡槽配合的弹性卡头,所述的卡槽与弹性卡头固定了调节螺母件相对钻筒的位置。
作为优选方案:所述的旋钮部中间上端开设有与所述把手配合的凹口,避免在转动把手时带动钻筒一起转动。
与现有技术相比较,本发明的有益效果是:使用前,先根据实际情况,将调节螺母件螺纹连接在钻入距离调节部外壁的合适位置,然后将定位座固定于颅骨待打孔位置,将调节后的钻筒插接在定位孔的通孔内,将弹簧套接在固定针外侧,将固定针插入拧紧把手中间的第二穿孔内,将凸轮组件通过螺栓转动连接在固定针上部,将安装好的固定针插接在钻筒的穿孔内;使用时将凸轮组件旋转至使凸起嵌于定位孔内,用一手捏住定位孔的把手部,一手向下旋转凸轮组件的把手,使锥形钻头进入颅骨合适深度,此时将凸起组件转动180°;用一手捏住定位座的把手部,一手旋转旋钮部,由于弹簧收缩,将钻齿抵紧在颅骨上,在旋转旋钮部的时候,钻齿随着钻筒一边旋转一边向下移动,当调节螺母件外壁的凸起与定位座相抵时,意味着颅骨恰好被钻开,由于锥形钻头固定在钻好后的颅骨块上,所以只需将凸起组件转动至垂直于拧紧把手端面,此时由于弹簧伸长,将在锥形钻头上的颅骨块,位于钻筒内部从而被取下。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的分解结构示意图。
图3是本发明的剖视结构示意图。
图4是本发明的钻筒结构示意图。
图5是本发明的调节螺母件结构示意图。
图6是本发明的固定针剖视结构示意图。
图7是本发明的拧紧把手结构示意图。
图8是本发明的凸轮结构示意图。
1、定位座;11、定位针;12、通孔;2、钻筒;20、钻齿;21、钻筒部;22、钻入距离调节部;221、卡槽;222、外螺纹;23、旋钮部;231、凹口;232、第一穿孔;3、调节螺母件;31、卡紧圈;311、弹性卡头;32、螺母;321、内螺纹;4、固定针;41、锥形钻头;42、针杆;421、滑动槽;43、凸轮连接板;431、凸轮连接孔;5、拧紧把手;51、第二穿孔;511、滑动条;52、定位孔;6、凸轮组件;61、凸轮;62、把手;621、凸起;7、弹簧。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图对本发明的具体实施方式做一个详细的说明。
根据图1至图8所示,本实施例所述的一种实验用手动开颅钻,包括有定位座1,插接在所述定位座内的钻筒2,螺纹连接在所述钻筒外壁的调节螺母件3,滑动连接在所述钻筒内的固定针4,滑动连接在所述固定针上部的拧紧把手5以及凸轮组件6;所述定位座上开设有圆形通孔12;所述的定位座下端成型有沿所述通孔周向均匀分布的四个定位针11;所述钻筒包括圆柱形的钻筒部21,成型在所述钻筒部上端的钻入距离调节部22以及成型在所述钻筒部上端的旋钮部23;所述的钻筒部下端成型有钻齿20;所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁上部成型有外螺纹222;所述的调节螺母件包括有与所述外螺纹螺纹连接的螺母32;所述的螺母内壁成型有内螺纹321;所述固定针包括有锥形钻头41以及针杆42;所述针杆上部侧壁开设有条形滑动槽421;所述的针杆在上端成型有凸轮连接板43;所述的凸轮连接板开设有凸轮连接孔431;所述针杆上套接有弹簧7;所述弹簧固定连接在所述拧紧把手下端;所述的旋钮部中间上端开设有与所述针杆配合的第一穿孔232;所述拧紧把手中间开设有与所述固定针上部配合的第二穿孔51;所述第二穿孔内壁成型有与针杆的滑动槽配合的滑动条511;所述的凸轮组件包括把手62以及成型在所述把手一端的凸轮61;所述凸轮组件通过螺栓转动连接在所述固定针的凸轮连接孔内;所述把手上靠近凸轮短轴且相对旋拧把手端面成型有凸起621;所述的拧紧把手上成型有与把手的凸起配合的定位孔52;所述的定位座,钻筒,调节螺母件,固定针,拧紧把手以及凸轮组件分别采用不锈钢一体成型;所述的定位座外壁成型有两个对称的把手部11;所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁下部开设有多个卡槽221;所述的卡槽沿钻入距离调节部的周向等距离分布;所述螺母下端成型有插接在定位座的通孔内的卡紧圈31,所述卡紧圈内侧连接有与所述的卡槽配合的弹性卡头311;所述的卡紧圈内壁相对弹性卡头位置成型有容纳弹性卡头的凹腔;所述弹性卡头位于凹腔内的部分为发泡塑料,弹性卡头外端为硬质塑料。所述的卡槽与弹性卡头固定了调节螺母件相对钻筒的位置;所述的旋钮部中间上端开设有与所述把手配合的凹口231,避免在转动把手时带动钻筒一起转动。
使用前,先根据实际情况,将调节螺母件螺纹连接在钻入距离调节部外壁的合适位置,然后将定位座固定于颅骨待打孔位置,将调节后的钻筒插接在定位孔的通孔内,将弹簧套接在固定针外侧,将固定针插入拧紧把手中间的第二穿孔内,将凸轮组件通过螺栓转动连接在固定针上部,将安装好的固定针插接在钻筒的穿孔内;使用时将凸轮组件旋转至使凸起嵌于定位孔内,用一手捏住定位孔的把手部,一手向下旋转凸轮组件的把手,使锥形钻头进入颅骨合适深度,此时将凸起组件转动180°;用一手捏住定位座的把手部,一手旋转旋钮部,由于弹簧收缩,将钻齿抵紧在颅骨上,在旋转旋钮部的时候,钻齿随着钻筒一边旋转一边向下移动,当调节螺母件外壁的凸起与定位座相抵时,意味着颅骨恰好被钻开,由于锥形钻头固定在钻好后的颅骨块上,所以只需将凸起组件转动至垂直于拧紧把手端面,此时由于弹簧伸长,将在锥形钻头上的颅骨块,位于钻筒内部从而被取下。

Claims (1)

1.一种实验用手动开颅钻,其特征在于:包括有定位座,插接在所述定位座内的钻筒,螺纹连接在所述钻筒外壁的调节螺母件,滑动连接在所述钻筒内的固定针,滑动连接在所述固定针上部的拧紧把手以及凸轮组件;
所述定位座上开设有圆形通孔;所述的定位座下端成型有沿所述通孔周向均匀分布的四个定位针;
所述钻筒包括圆柱形的钻筒部,成型在所述钻筒部上端的钻入距离调节部以及成型在所述钻筒部上端的旋钮部;所述的钻筒部下端成型有钻齿;所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁上部成型有外螺纹;
所述的调节螺母件包括有与所述外螺纹螺纹连接的螺母;所述的螺母内壁成型有内螺纹;
所述固定针包括有锥形钻头以及针杆;所述针杆上部侧壁开设有条形滑动槽;所述的针杆在上端成型有凸轮连接板;所述的凸轮连接板开设有凸轮连接孔;所述针杆上套接有弹簧;所述弹簧固定连接在所述拧紧把手下端;
所述的旋钮部中间上端开设有与所述针杆配合的第一穿孔;
所述拧紧把手中间开设有与所述固定针上部配合的第二穿孔;所述第二穿孔内壁成型有与针杆的滑动槽配合的滑动条;所述的凸轮组件包括把手以及成型在所述把手一端的凸轮;所述凸轮组件通过螺栓转动连接在所述固定针的凸轮连接孔内;所述把手上靠近凸轮短轴且相对旋拧把手端面成型有凸起;
所述的拧紧把手上成型有与把手的凸起配合的定位孔;
所述的定位座,钻筒,调节螺母件,固定针,拧紧把手以及凸轮组件分别采用不锈钢一体成型;
所述的钻入距离调节部侧壁下部开设有多个卡槽;所述的卡槽沿钻入距离调节部的周向等距离分布;所述螺母下端成型有插接在定位座的通孔内的卡紧圈,所述卡紧圈内侧连接有与所述的卡槽配合的弹性卡头;所述的卡紧圈内壁相对弹性卡头位置成型有容纳弹性卡头的凹腔;
所述弹性卡头位于凹腔内的部分为发泡塑料,弹性卡头外端为硬质塑料。
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