CN107947621B - High-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit with multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback - Google Patents
High-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit with multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit with multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback, which consists of sixteen phase-shifting transformers, sixteen groups of three-phase bridge inverters and a grid-side trap type LCL filter circuit, wherein the sixteen channel 96-pulse inverters adopt a combination mode of series connection of alternating-current side windings and series connection of direct-current sides of the transformers; and a low-frequency PWM modulation scheme switching mode based on staggered sampling and phase shifting is adopted, so that the inverter driving signals of each group are staggered with a certain phase, and a high-quality current waveform is obtained on a network side. The invention introduces a pulse width modulation technology into the control of the multi-pulse inverter, adopts a voltage and current instantaneous value feedback technology to complete the output waveform adjustment of the multi-pulse converter, realizes the grid-connected low-voltage heavy-current power conversion, realizes the optimal balance of grid-side waveform and efficiency, and has wide application prospect in high-voltage direct-current transmission and high-capacity new energy power generation occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-power PWM inverter circuit, in particular to a multi-channel phase-shifting 96-pulse three-phase inverter circuit and a PWM instantaneous value control scheme of triple fundamental frequency.
Background
The high-power grid-connected inverter power supply is widely applied to occasions such as new energy power generation, Static Var Generators (SVG), static synchronous compensators (STATCOM), high-voltage direct-current transmission and the like, the voltage and current stress of power devices in an inverter circuit is high due to the high-voltage high-power electric energy conversion characteristic, difficulty is brought to device selection, in addition, the high-power inverter circuit has strict requirements on the overall efficiency and the alternating-current side power factor, and the current high-power rectification scheme mainly has a serial-parallel connection, multi-level and multi-pulse phase-shifting transformer combination scheme of the power devices in consideration of the requirements and the characteristics.
The series-parallel scheme of the power devices can improve the equivalent voltage and current quota, but the voltage-sharing and current-sharing control strategies adopted by the series-parallel connection of the corresponding power devices reduce the reliability of the rectifier, so that the output characteristics of the rectifier are difficult to optimize. The current multilevel scheme mainly comprises three structures of a diode clamping type, a flying capacitor type and a cascade type, and in order to obtain better grid side current waveform and improve grid side power factor, the switching frequency of a power device still reaches thousands of hertz, so that the high-capacity inverter circuit is still higher, and along with the improvement of the number of levels, the inverter circuit structure and the control scheme tend to be complex, so that the scheme which is mainly used in practice mostly takes three levels, and a great amount of control problems need to be explored. According to the multi-pulse scheme, the alternating current sides of a plurality of three-phase inverter circuits with the same structure are connected to a three-phase power grid in a phase-shifting transformer coupling mode, the phase-shifting angle of the phase-shifting transformer at the output side corresponding to the three-phase inverter is reasonably designed, specific frequency harmonics at the alternating current side of the inverter can be eliminated, grid-connected current sine construction is realized, the more the number of combined modules is, the higher the sine degree of the waveform constructed at the alternating current side is, the more the number of modules is, the more the number of corresponding phase-shifting transformers is increased, the more the accurate design of the phase-shifting angle is required to be made, the more the optimal design among a plurality of winding turn.
The multi-pulse inverter circuit is mainly used in high-power passive inversion occasions, a power device in the inverter circuit adopts a power frequency switching mode, high-efficiency and high-quality electric energy conversion can be realized, but the problems that the output waveform of the multi-pulse inverter is difficult to adjust, the dynamic response is slow due to the power frequency switching mode and the like restrict the multi-pulse inverter circuit to be used in grid-connected inversion occasions such as new energy power generation, SVG (static var generator) and STATCOM (static synchronous compensator).
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit with multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback is provided, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology is introduced into the control of a multi-pulse inverter, and the output waveform adjustment of a multi-pulse converter is realized by adopting a voltage and current instantaneous value feedback technology, so that the grid-connected power conversion of the multi-pulse converter is realized.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit for multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback consists of sixteen phase-shifting transformers, sixteen groups of three-phase bridge inverters and a grid-side trap type LCL filter circuit, wherein the sixteen channel 96-pulse inverters adopt a combination mode of series connection of alternating current side windings and series connection of direct current side windings of the transformers; and a low-frequency PWM modulation scheme switching mode based on staggered sampling and phase shifting is adopted, so that the inverter driving signals of each group are staggered with a certain phase, and a high-quality current waveform is obtained on a network side.
The sixteen-channel grid-connected inverter circuit is obtained by synthesizing four groups of four-channel 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures on direct current side in series connection with alternating current side in a phase shifting manner, and the output of each group of inverters is obtained by coupling four-channel three-phase inverters through phase shifting star-delta transformers; inverter side windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2 are connected in a star shape, a grid side winding consists of two sets of windings, the A phase a1x1/a2x2, the B phase B1y1/B2y2 and the C phase C1z1C/2z2 are reasonably designed in winding turn ratio and a zigzag connection mode, and a phase-shifting connection mode with lag of 7.5 degrees and lead of 7.5 degrees is formed; the transformer inverter side windings of the channel 3 and the channel 4 are connected in a triangular mode, and the power grid side winding is connected with the corresponding transformer windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2; by the relationship of 30-degree phase difference and a reasonable turn ratio of a star-delta winding of a secondary winding of a transformer, controlling the phase-shifting angle of a driving signal between a channel 1 and a channel 3 and between a channel 2 and a channel 4 by 30 degrees, eliminating 6k +/-1-order harmonics in an output waveform of an alternating current side, integrating the phase-shifting angles of +/-7.5 degrees of primary windings of the channels 1 and 3 and the channels 2 and 4 of a first group of 24-pulse inverters, and controlling the phase-shifting driving mode of +/-15 degrees between the channels, namely eliminating 12k +/-1-order harmonics output by the alternating current side, so that the waveform of the alternating current side only contains 24k +/-1-order harmonics; control signals of all channels of the 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures from the second group to the fourth group are staggered by 3.75 degrees relative to control signals of corresponding channels of the first group in sequence, so that 24k +/-1 and 48k +/-1 subharmonics in output waveforms are greatly suppressed after the outputs of the alternating current sides of the four groups of inverters are coupled and superposed through a transformer; under the connection mode of the transformer windings shown in the figure and on the basis that the driving signals are staggered by 3.75 degrees in sequence, the output 96-step wave harmonic waves are mainly concentrated at 96k +/-1 times.
The 96-pulse grid-connected inverter adopts space vector modulation with 3 times of fundamental frequency, and 8 basic vectors V of a three-phase inverter0～V7Distributed in a plurality of coordinate systems; the space vector PWM control strategy based on instantaneous value feedback of the direct current side voltage and the network side current is as follows: DC side voltage sampling and reference voltageThe error of the comparison is output as the active current through a proportional-integral regulatorThe active and reactive currents and the given current of the network side are obtained through coordinate transformation after the current of the network side is sampledComparing, wherein the error passes through a current regulator, and outputting a reference quantity of a static coordinate system obtained through coordinate inverse transformation; to make the reference vector and the output voltage vector in phase, rotateAfter the electrical angle, the control signals of the channels 1 to 4 are obtained by space vector modulation of the time-staggered triple sampling frequency, and the control signals of the 24-pulse inverters of the second group to the fourth group are lagged by the corresponding channel signals of the first groupThus obtaining the product.
Wherein, the control signals of the sixteen-channel three-phase inverter are staggeredThe control mode of the three-phase inverter realizes the output of 96 step waves at the network side, the switching signals of the three-phase inverter are jointly calculated and generated by combining a digital signal processor TMS28035 with an FPGA (XC3S400), wherein the work borne by the DSP is sampling, calculating, sending data and control instructions to the FPGA, the work borne by the FPGA is logically compared according to the instructions sent by the DSP to generate SVPWM signals, and meanwhile, the control signals of other three groups of 24-pulse three-phase inverters are obtained after a certain electric angle is delayed.
The invention has the following advantages: 16 transformers of the 16-channel 96-pulse PWM inverter have only two specifications, and windings needing to be designed have only four winding specifications, so that the engineering is easy to realize; the rectifier realizes high-quality network side waveform in a triple fundamental frequency working mode, and realizes the optimal balance of the network side waveform and the efficiency; in addition, the direct current sides of the eight-channel converter can also be output in parallel, low-voltage large-current power conversion is realized, and the circuit structure has wide application prospects in high-voltage direct-current power transmission and high-capacity new energy power generation occasions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 96-pulse grid-connected inverter circuit configuration;
FIG. 2 is a three-phase inverter;
FIG. 3 is a system control block diagram of a 3-fold fundamental PWM based on voltage-current transient feedback;
FIG. 4 is a control structure of the DSP28035 in conjunction with an FPGA;
fig. 5 is a PWM switching waveform at 3 times fundamental frequency and a 96 pulse output voltage waveform.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in the following with the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not to be understood as being limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit is composed of sixteen phase-shifting transformers, sixteen groups of three-phase bridge inverters and a grid-side trap LCL filter circuit, and the sixteen channel 96-pulse inverters adopt a combination mode of series connection of ac-side windings and series connection of dc-side windings of the transformers; in order to adapt to the fast dynamic response of a grid-connected inverter system and meet the requirements of high-power and high-efficiency power conversion, a low-frequency PWM modulation scheme switching mode based on time-staggered sampling and phase shifting is adopted, so that a certain phase is staggered among all groups of inverter driving signals, and a high-quality current waveform is obtained on a grid side.
As shown in fig. 1, the sixteen-channel grid-connected inverter circuit is obtained by four groups of four-channel 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures, wherein the direct current sides of the four-channel 24-pulse inverters are connected in series and the alternating current sides of the four-channel 24-pulse inverters are subjected to phase shifting synthesis, and the output of each group of inverters is obtained by coupling four-channel three-phase inverters through a phase-shifting star-delta transformer; the inverter side windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2 are connected in a star shape, the grid side winding consists of two sets of windings (A phase a1x1/a2x2, B phase B1y1/B2y2 and C phase C1z1C/2z2), the turn ratio of the two sets of windings and the zigzag connection mode shown in FIG. 5 are reasonably designed, and a phase-shifting connection mode with lag of 7.5 degrees and lead of 7.5 degrees is formed; the transformer inverter side windings of the channel 3 and the channel 4 are connected in a triangular mode, and the power grid side winding is connected with the corresponding transformer windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2; by the relationship of 30-degree phase difference and a reasonable turn ratio of a star-delta winding of a secondary winding of a transformer, controlling the phase-shifting angle of a driving signal between a channel 1 and a channel 3 and between a channel 2 and a channel 4 by 30 degrees, eliminating 6k +/-1-order harmonics in an output waveform of an alternating current side, integrating the phase-shifting angles of +/-7.5 degrees of primary windings of the channels 1 and 3 and the channels 2 and 4 of a first group of 24-pulse inverters, and controlling the phase-shifting driving mode of +/-15 degrees between the channels, namely eliminating 12k +/-1-order harmonics output by the alternating current side, so that the waveform of the alternating current side only contains 24k +/-1-order harmonics; control signals of all channels of the 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures from the second group to the fourth group are staggered by 3.75 degrees relative to control signals of corresponding channels of the first group in sequence, so that 24k +/-1 and 48k +/-1 subharmonics in output waveforms are greatly suppressed after the outputs of the alternating current sides of the four groups of inverters are coupled and superposed through a transformer; as shown in fig. 4, in the sixteen-channel inverter, the output 96-step wave harmonics are mainly concentrated at 96k ± 1 times in the transformer winding connection mode and on the basis of sequential staggering of the driving signals by 3.75 degrees, so that a foundation is laid for obtaining high-quality grid-side current.
As shown in FIG. 2, the 96-pulse grid-connected inverter adopts space vector modulation with 3 times of fundamental frequency and 8 basic vectors (V) of a three-phase inverter0～V7) Distributed in a complex coordinate system, wherein the table 1 and the table 2 are the sequence of 8 basic vectors in a power frequency period; FIG. 3 illustrates a space vector PWM control strategy based on instantaneous value feedback of DC side voltage and grid side current, DC side voltage sampling and reference voltageThe error of the comparison is output as the active current through a proportional-integral regulatorThe active and reactive currents and the given current of the network side are obtained through coordinate transformation after the current of the network side is sampledComparing, wherein the error passes through a current regulator, and outputting a reference quantity of a static coordinate system obtained through coordinate inverse transformation; to make the reference vector and the output voltage vector in phase, rotateAfter the electrical angle, the control signals of the channels 1 to 4 are obtained by space vector modulation of the time-staggered triple sampling frequency, and the control signals of the 24-pulse inverters of the second group to the fourth group are lagged by the corresponding channel signals of the first groupThus obtaining the product.
TABLE 1 switch combination status corresponding to eight space vectors
TABLE 2 three-phase inverter with 3 times fundamental frequency for each channel, space vector modulation and 6 sector vector action sequence
As shown in fig. 4, the control signals of the sixteen-channel three-phase inverter are staggered with respect to each otherThe control mode of the three-phase inverter realizes the output of 96 step waves at the network side, the switching signals of the three-phase inverter are jointly calculated and generated by combining a digital signal processor TMS28035 with an FPGA (XC3S400), wherein the work borne by the DSP is sampling, calculating, sending data and control instructions to the FPGA, the work borne by the FPGA is logically compared according to the instructions sent by the DSP to generate SVPWM signals, and meanwhile, the control signals of other three groups of 24-pulse three-phase inverters are obtained after a certain electric angle is delayed.
Claims (3)
1. A high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit with multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback is composed of sixteen phase-shifting transformers, sixteen groups of three-phase bridge inverters and a grid-side trap type LCL filter circuit, and the grid-connected inverter circuit adopts a combination mode of series connection of alternating current side windings and direct current side windings of the transformers; a low-frequency PWM modulation scheme switching mode based on staggered sampling and phase shifting is adopted, so that the driving signals of each group of inverters are staggered with a certain phase, and a high-quality current waveform is obtained on a network side; the method is characterized in that: the grid-connected inverter circuit is obtained by synthesizing four groups of four-channel 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures by connecting the direct current sides in series with the alternating current sides in a phase shifting manner, and the output of each group of inverters is obtained by coupling three-phase bridge inverters of four channels through a phase-shifting star-delta transformer; inverter side windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2 are connected in a star shape, a grid side winding consists of two sets of windings, the A phase a1x1/a2x2, the B phase B1y1/B2y2 and the C phase C1z1C/2z2 are reasonably designed in winding turn ratio and a zigzag connection mode, and a phase-shifting connection mode with lag of 7.5 degrees and lead of 7.5 degrees is formed; the transformer inverter side windings of the channel 3 and the channel 4 are connected in a triangular mode, and the power grid side winding is connected with the corresponding transformer windings of the channel 1 and the channel 2; by the relationship of 30-degree phase difference and a reasonable turn ratio of a star-delta winding of a secondary winding of a transformer, controlling the phase-shifting angle of a driving signal between a channel 1 and a channel 3 and between a channel 2 and a channel 4 by 30 degrees, eliminating 6k +/-1-order harmonics in an output waveform of an alternating current side, integrating the phase-shifting angles of +/-7.5 degrees of primary windings of the channels 1 and 3 and the channels 2 and 4 of a first group of 24-pulse inverters, and controlling the phase-shifting driving mode of +/-15 degrees between the channels, namely eliminating 12k +/-1-order harmonics output by the alternating current side, so that the waveform of the alternating current side only contains 24k +/-1-order harmonics; control signals of all channels of the 24-pulse inverters with completely consistent structures from the second group to the fourth group are staggered by 3.75 degrees relative to control signals of corresponding channels of the first group in sequence, so that 24k +/-1 and 48k +/-1 subharmonics in output waveforms are greatly suppressed after the outputs of the alternating current sides of the four groups of inverters are coupled and superposed through a transformer; the three-phase bridge inverter outputs 96 step wave harmonics mainly concentrated at 96k +/-1 times under the condition of a transformer winding connection mode and on the basis that driving signals are sequentially staggered by 3.75 degrees.
2. The multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-phase bridge inverter adopts 3 times of fundamental frequency space vector modulation, and 8 basic vectors V of the three-phase bridge inverter0～V7Distributed in a plurality of coordinate systems; the space vector PWM control strategy based on instantaneous value feedback of the direct current side voltage and the network side current is as follows: DC side voltage sampling and reference voltageThe error of the comparison is output as the active current through a proportional-integral regulatorThe active and reactive currents and the given current of the network side are obtained through coordinate transformation after the current of the network side is sampledComparing, wherein the error passes through a current regulator, and outputting a reference quantity of a static coordinate system obtained through coordinate inverse transformation; to make the reference vector and the output voltage vector in phase, rotateAfter the electrical angle, the control signals of the channels 1 to 4 are obtained by space vector modulation of the time-staggered triple sampling frequency, and the control signals of the 24-pulse inverters of the second group to the fourth group are lagged by the corresponding channel signals of the first groupThus obtaining the product.
3. The multi-channel 96-pulse instantaneous value feedback high-power PWM grid-connected inverter circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control signals of the three-phase bridge inverter are staggeredThe output of 96 step waves at the network side is realized, the switching signals of the three groups of 24-pulse three-phase inverters are jointly calculated and generated through a digital signal processor TMS28035 and an FPGA, wherein the work borne by the DSP is sampling, calculating, sending data and control instructions to the FPGA, the work borne by the FPGA is carrying out logic comparison according to the instructions sent by the DSP to generate SVPWM signals, and meanwhile, certain electric angles are delayed to obtain control signals of the other three groups of 24-pulse three-phase inverters.
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