CN107946386A - A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell - Google Patents

A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107946386A
CN107946386A CN201711249652.9A CN201711249652A CN107946386A CN 107946386 A CN107946386 A CN 107946386A CN 201711249652 A CN201711249652 A CN 201711249652A CN 107946386 A CN107946386 A CN 107946386A
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Prior art keywords
silicon chip
photoetching glue
glue surface
matte
silion cell
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CN201711249652.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宫欣欣
张�林
张昕宇
金浩
郑晶茗
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711249652.9A priority Critical patent/CN107946386A/en
Publication of CN107946386A publication Critical patent/CN107946386A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0236Special surface textures
    • H01L31/02363Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Weting (AREA)

Abstract

This application provides a kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell, including:Photoetching glue surface is made in silicon chip surface spin coating photoresist;Laser explosure is carried out to the photoetching glue surface;Structuring pretreatment is carried out to the photoetching glue surface after laser explosure;Metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;Wash the photoresist layer;Wet etching is carried out on the silicon chip, forms black silicon matte.The preparation method of the application, preparation process is simple, and obtained black silicon matte nano-pore structure size is controllable, improves the controllability of nanometer suede preparation, has repeatability, can greatly improve the absorption of light.

Description

A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of solar, more particularly to a kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell.
Background technology
Photovoltaic industry is still based on crystal silicon solar batteries at present, in order to improve suction of the solar cell to incident light Receive, commercial monocrystalline and polysilicon chip are generally handled using surface wool manufacturing, and the surface matte of single-chip is pyramid structure, polycrystalline The surface matte of piece is vermicular texture, and it is left that its absorptivity in visible-range can reach 88% and 80% respectively The right side, but the reflectivity of battery surface is still higher, particularly in ultraviolet and infrared band.Researcher has found to work as crystal silicon surface Suede structure size reduction to nanometer scale when, obtained silicon chip surface is in black, i.e. referred to as black silicon.Black silion cell can be with Accomplish, to visible ray hypersorption, to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.
Black silicon technology is developed so far, and a variety of matte preparation processes occurs, such as reactive ion etching method, electrochemical corrosion Method, metal assistant chemical etch etc., but textured surfaces structure prepared by these methods is uncontrollable, has greatly unstable It is qualitative, thus also cause the unstable of black silion cell utilization ratio.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell, preparation process is simple, obtains The black silicon matte nano-pore structure size arrived is controllable, improves the controllability of nanometer suede preparation, has repeatability, Ke Yiji The big absorption for improving light.
A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the invention, including:
Photoetching glue surface is made in silicon chip surface spin coating photoresist;
Laser explosure is carried out to the photoetching glue surface;
Structuring pretreatment is carried out to the photoetching glue surface after laser explosure;
Metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;
Wash the photoresist layer;
Wet etching is carried out on the silicon chip, forms black silicon matte.
Preferably, it is described to be to photoetching glue surface progress laser explosure:
The silicon chip is placed in laser optical path, carries out first time laser explosure, then by 90 ° of the silicon slice rotating, Carry out second of laser explosure.
Preferably, the photoetching glue surface progress structuring to after laser explosure, which pre-processes, is:
The silicon chip is cleaned using developer solution, then cleans the silicon chip with deionized water to remove the institute of silicon chip surface again State developer solution.
Preferably, metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment is:
The evaporated metal layer in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment.
Preferably, the wet etching that carried out on the silicon chip is:
The silicon chip is placed in the mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water and is reacted.
Preferably, the first time Laser exposure dwell times are 5-30s, and second of Laser exposure dwell times are 5-30s.
Preferably, the temperature of the evaporation is 300-350 DEG C, and evaporation electric current is 60-80mA, evaporation time 5-10min, The thickness of evaporation metal is 10-50nm.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, the nitric acid and the deionized water is:0.1-1:1-4:0.5-2.5.
Preferably, reaction temperature is room temperature, reaction time 30-200s.
By foregoing description, the matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the invention, due to including:In silicon chip table Spin coating photoresist in face makes photoetching glue surface;Laser explosure is carried out to photoetching glue surface;Photoetching glue surface after laser explosure is tied Structureization pre-processes;One layer of metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;Wash photoresist layer;In silicon chip Upper carry out wet etching, therefore obtained black silicon matte nano-pore structure size is controllable, improves the controllable of nanometer suede preparation Property, there is repeatability, can greatly improve the absorption of light.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the flow that Fig. 1 is a kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the embodiments of the present application is illustrated Figure.
A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the embodiments of the present application, includes the following steps:
S1:Photoetching glue surface is made in silicon chip surface spin coating photoresist;
It is a variety of that the battery structure of the present invention includes conventional single, polycrystalline battery, PERC, N-shaped double-side cell, IBC batteries etc. High efficiency cell configuration, wherein silicon chip also include N-type silicon chip or P-type wafer, and the silicon chip of selection can be monocrystalline, polycrystalline and class list Crystal structure, needs exist for explanation, the concrete structure and species of silicon chip is not specifically limited;Revolved to silicon chip surface Before resist coating, first using absolute ethyl alcohol and the mixed liquor cleaning silicon chip of deionized water, then at silicon chip table after silicon chip dries One layer of photoresist of face spin coating, the wherein film thickness of photoresist are for 10-100nm, it is necessary to illustrate, to anhydrous in cleaning process The concentration ratio of ethanol and deionized water does not require, as long as can reach the effect for removing silicon chip surface pollutant. As if desired, the mass fraction of absolute ethyl alcohol can be selected than 70%, the resistivity 18M Ω cm of deionized water.
S2:Laser explosure is carried out to the photoetching glue surface;
It should be noted that the laser equipment for carrying out laser explosure is preferably Single wavelength laser, to further improve collimation Property, optical maser wavelength 380-460nm, laser power 50-100mW.
S3:Structuring pretreatment is carried out to the photoetching glue surface after laser explosure;
Structuring pretreatment is carried out to the photoetching glue surface after laser explosure, so that silicon chip surface is only remained with poroid The photoresist of structure, so as to form uneven and uniform photoetching glue surface, realizes surface-texturing.
S4:Metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;
It should be noted that the technique for making metal layer can be the existing process such as evaporation, plating or magnetron sputtering, gold It can be layer gold, silver layer or layers of copper etc. to belong to layer, first depositing metallic nanoparticles, the number of plies of certain metal layer in photoetching glue surface It can also be adjusted as needed, then again by further controlling size and the distribution of metal nanoparticle, with favourable In the structure and morphology to controlling matte.
S5:Wash the photoresist layer;
It should be noted that after making metal layer, by the cleaning to photoresist layer, the metal on photoresist layer can be clear Wash off, and the metal in the hole that surface structuration pretreatment produces in photoetching glue surface can then remain, this part of gold Metal particles are used for the etching process for being catalyzed follow-up silicon chip, to obtain regular pore space structure.Need exist for explanation, cleaning During can select to be cleaned with acetone or hydrofluoric acid, and the concentration of acetone and hydrofluoric acid is not specially required, work The solution of industry rank, such as HF mass fractions 40%, acetone is analyzes pure rank, as long as can reach identical technique effect i.e. Can.
S6:Wet etching is carried out on the silicon chip, forms black silicon matte.
Etching is modified to silicon wafer suede structure using wet etching, metallic particles is removed so that nano-pore structure Size is controllable, reduces the surface recombination that silicon wafer suede structure is prepared into carrier after battery, also further reduces silicon chip surface Reflectivity.
By foregoing description, above-mentioned a kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell provided by the embodiments of the present application, by In including:Photoetching glue surface is made in silicon chip surface spin coating photoresist;Laser explosure is carried out to photoetching glue surface;After laser explosure Photoetching glue surface carries out structuring pretreatment;One layer of metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;Wash Photoresist layer;Wet etching is carried out on silicon chip, therefore obtained black silicon matte nano-pore structure size is controllable, improves nanometer Controllability prepared by matte, has repeatability, can greatly improve the absorption of light.
Further, in above-mentioned preparation method, following technical characteristic is further included:
Carrying out laser explosure to the photoetching glue surface is:The silicon chip is placed in laser optical path, swash for the first time Light exposes, and then by 90 ° of the silicon slice rotating, carries out second of laser explosure.
The first time Laser exposure dwell times are 5-30s, and second of Laser exposure dwell times are 5-30s.
Double exposure to form cross cut on a photoresist, so that the formation for hole on follow-up photoresist provides benchmark Point, laser equipment are preferably Single wavelength laser, and to increase collimation height, the power of wherein Single wavelength laser is bigger, required exposure Time is shorter.Explanation is needed exist for, time for exposure and exposure frequency can also be adjusted according to different demands, and two Secondary exposure so that show the spread pattern of hole on photoresist, can also multiexposure, multiple exposure so that showing difference on photoresist The spread pattern of shape.
Further, in above-mentioned preparation method, following technical characteristic is further included:
The photoetching glue surface to after laser explosure carries out structuring pretreatment:
The silicon chip is cleaned using developer solution, then cleans the silicon chip with deionized water to remove the institute of silicon chip surface again State developer solution.
By developer solution cleaning by the photoresist after laser explosure, the photoresist with formation in the arrangement of periodicity mesh pattern Face.
Developer solution is the developer solution to match with photoresist, and concentration can be original liquid concentration, and need exist for explanation is pair The species of photoresist and the species of developer solution are matched with developer solution and can reached without special requirement, a light requirement photoresist Identical technique effect, such as the supporting photoresist and developer solution of SU8 series.It is of course also possible to according to different needs pair Related solution is diluted, if such as after diluting developer solution, developing time can also extend therewith.
Further, in above-mentioned preparation method, following technical characteristic is further included:
One layer of metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment is:
One layer of metal layer is deposited in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment.Preferably, the temperature of the evaporation is 300-350 DEG C, evaporation electric current is 60-80mA, and evaporation time 5-10min, the thickness of evaporation metal is 10-50nm.Metal layer It can be layer gold, silver layer or layers of copper etc., one layer of metal nanoparticle first be deposited in photoetching glue surface, by controlling metal nano The size of particle and distribution, to be conducive to the structure and morphology to controlling matte.
Further, in above-mentioned preparation method, following technical characteristic is further included:
It is described on the silicon chip carry out wet etching be:
The silicon chip is placed in the mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water and is reacted, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid Volume ratio with deionized water is:0.1-1:1-4:0.5-2.5, reaction temperature are room temperature, reaction time 30-200s, etched hole Hole dia 20-100nm, hole depth 100-500nm.
Conventional black silicon matte preparation method generally uses wet-chemical chamber method, and the wherein method of wet etching is specially and is carving Silver nitrate is added with erosion liquid, any little particle of silicon chip attachment is reduced into, then continues to etch in the place where metal, this Kind method is excessively uncontrollable.
In conclusion the matte preparation method of the black silion cell provided using such scheme, obtained black silicon matte nanometer Pore structure size is controllable, improves the controllability of nanometer suede preparation, has repeatability, can greatly improve the absorption of light.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or use the present invention. A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one The most wide scope caused.

Claims (9)

  1. A kind of 1. matte preparation method of black silion cell, it is characterised in that including:
    Photoetching glue surface is made in silicon chip surface spin coating photoresist;
    Laser explosure is carried out to the photoetching glue surface;
    Structuring pretreatment is carried out to the photoetching glue surface after laser explosure;
    Metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment;
    Wash the photoresist layer;
    Wet etching is carried out on the silicon chip, forms black silicon matte.
  2. 2. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
    It is described to be to photoetching glue surface progress laser explosure:
    The silicon chip is placed in laser optical path, carries out first time laser explosure, then by 90 ° of the silicon slice rotating, is carried out Second of laser explosure.
  3. 3. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described to laser explosure after Photoetching glue surface carries out structuring pretreatment:
    The silicon chip is cleaned using developer solution, then cleans the silicon chip with deionized water to remove the described aobvious of silicon chip surface again Shadow liquid.
  4. 4. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pre- by structuring Metal layer is made in the photoetching glue surface of processing is:
    The evaporated metal layer in the photoetching glue surface by structuring pretreatment.
  5. 5. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described enterprising in the silicon chip Row wet etching is:
    The silicon chip is placed in the mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and deionized water and is reacted.
  6. 6. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first time laser explosure Time is 5-30s, and second of Laser exposure dwell times are 5-30s.
  7. 7. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature of the evaporation is 300-350 DEG C, evaporation electric current is 60-80mA, and evaporation time 5-10min, the thickness of evaporation metal is 10-50nm.
  8. 8. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the hydrofluoric acid, the nitre The volume ratio of sour and described deionized water is:0.1-1:1-4:0.5-2.5.
  9. 9. the matte preparation method of black silion cell according to claim 5, it is characterised in that reaction temperature is room temperature, instead 30-200s between seasonable.
CN201711249652.9A 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 A kind of matte preparation method of black silion cell Pending CN107946386A (en)

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CN109285898A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-01-29 江西展宇新能源股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of black silicon suede structure
CN111697088A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-22 苏州大学 Preparation method of patterned silicon structure and silicon-based photovoltaic cell

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CN111697088A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-22 苏州大学 Preparation method of patterned silicon structure and silicon-based photovoltaic cell
CN111697088B (en) * 2020-05-19 2022-03-01 苏州大学 Preparation method of patterned silicon structure and silicon-based photovoltaic cell

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Application publication date: 20180420