CN107943756A

CN107943756A - A kind of computational methods and Related product

Info

Publication number: CN107943756A
Application number: CN201711362616.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡帅; 刘恩赫; 张尧; 孟小甫
Original assignee: Beijing Zhongke Cambrian Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Cambricon Technologies Corp Ltd; Beijing Zhongke Cambrian Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-15
Filing date: 2017-12-15
Publication date: 2018-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-15
Also published as: CN107943756B

Abstract

Present disclose provides a kind of information processing method, the method is applied in computing device, and the computing device includes：Storage medium, register cell and matrix calculation unit；Described method includes following steps：The computing device controls the matrix calculation unit to obtain the first operational order, and the matrix that first operational order includes performing needed for described instruction reads instruction；The computing device controls the arithmetic element to read instruction according to the matrix and sends reading order to the storage medium；The computing device controls the arithmetic element to indicate corresponding matrix according to using the batch reading manner reading matrix reading, and first operational order is performed to the matrix.The technical solution that the application provides has the advantages of calculating speed is fast, efficient.

Description

A kind of computational methods and Related product

Technical field

This application involves technical field of data processing, and in particular to a kind of computational methods and Related product.

Background technology

Data processing is the step of most of algorithm needs to pass through or stage, after computer introduces data processing field, More and more data processings realize have computing device carrying out the calculating of matrix data in existing algorithm by computer Shi Sudu is slow, and efficiency is low.

Apply for content

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of computational methods and Related product, can lift the processing speed of computing device, carry High efficiency.

First aspect, there is provided a kind of computational methods, applied in computing device, the computing device include storage medium, Register cell and matrix operation unit, the described method includes：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to obtain the first operational order, and first operational order is used for Realize the computing between matrix and scalar, the matrix that first operational order includes performing needed for described instruction reads instruction, The required matrix is at least one matrix, and at least one matrix is the matrix that length is identical or length is different；

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to read instruction according to the matrix and is sent out to the storage medium Send reading order；

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be read using batch reading manner from the storage medium The matrix reads the corresponding matrix of instruction, and performs first operational order to the matrix.

It is described that matrix execution first operational order is included in some possible embodiments：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be held using the calculation of multistage pipelining-stage to the matrix Row first operational order.

In some possible embodiments, include pre-set fixation in each pipelining-stage in the multistage pipelining-stage Arithmetic unit, the fixation arithmetic unit in each pipelining-stage differ；

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be held using the calculation of multistage pipelining-stage to the matrix Row first operational order includes：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be opened up according to the corresponding calculating network of first operational order Flutter, utilize K₁Selecting operation device in level pipelining-stage to the matrix be calculated first as a result, again by described first As a result it is input to K₂Selecting operation device in level pipelining-stage perform be calculated second as a result, and so on, until by i-th -1 A result is input to K_jSelecting operation device in level pipelining-stage, which performs, is calculated i-th of result；I-th of result is defeated Enter to the storage medium and stored；

Wherein, K_jBelong to any pipelining-stage in i pipelining-stage, j is less than or equal to i, and j and i are positive integer, described more Quantity i, the selected execution sequence K of the multistage pipelining-stage of level pipelining-stage_jAnd the K_jSelection fortune in level pipelining-stage It is to determine that the Selecting operation device is the fixed computing according to the calculating topological structure of first operational order to calculate device Arithmetic unit in device.

In some possible embodiments, it is described multistage pipelining-stage in each pipelining-stage included by fixation arithmetic unit with And the quantity of the fixed arithmetic unit is by user side or the self-defined setting in computing device side.

In some possible embodiments, the arithmetic unit in the multistage pipelining-stage in each pipelining-stage include it is following in Any one or multinomial combination：Addition of matrices arithmetic unit, matrix multiplication operation device, matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit, non-linear fortune Calculate device and matrix comparison operation device.

In some possible embodiments, first operational order includes any one of following：First computing Instruction includes any one of following：Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET, Matrix Calculating order command M RANK, the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark MTRA, Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command MNZ, Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA.

In some possible embodiments, the instruction format of first operational order includes command code and at least one behaviour Make domain, command code is used for the function of indicating the operational order, and arithmetic element is by identifying that the command code can carry out different matrixes Computing, operation domain are used to indicate the data message of the operational order, wherein, data message can be immediate or register number, For example, when obtaining a matrix, matrix initial address and matrix can be obtained in corresponding register according to register number Length, the matrix of appropriate address storage is obtained further according to matrix initial address and matrix length in storage medium.Alternatively, may be used Any one of following middle information or multinomial combination are obtained in corresponding registers：The line number of matrix needed for described instruction, row Number, data type, mark, storage address (first address) and dimension length, the dimension length refer to row matrix length and/ Or the length of rectangular array.

In some possible embodiments, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage is included in advance The matrix multiplication operation device first set, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix and compare fortune Device is calculated, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First fortune It is Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET to calculate instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage The computing that comparison operation device carries out the matrix inverse order of sequence obtains first as a result, inputting first result to first The multiplying that matrix multiplication operation device in level pipelining-stage carries out first result all sequences obtains second as a result, will Second result inputs to the addition of matrices arithmetic unit in two level pipelining-stage and carries out all sequences summation to second result Computing obtains the 3rd result；3rd result is inputted to the storage medium and is stored.

In some possible embodiments, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage is included in advance The matrix multiplication operation device first set, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix and compare fortune Device is calculated, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First fortune It is Matrix Calculating order command M RANK to calculate instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage Adder calculator carries out Applying Elementary Row Operations and obtains first as a result, inputting first result to the matrix in the pipelining-stage of the second level The statistics that comparison operation device carries out non-zero line number obtains the second result；Second result is inputted to the storage medium and is carried out Storage, second result is rank of matrix.

In some possible embodiments, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage is included in advance The matrix multiplication operation device first set, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix and compare fortune Device is calculated, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First fortune It is Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA to calculate instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage What comparison operation device select diagonal element is calculated first as a result, inputting first result into second level pipelining-stage Addition of matrices arithmetic unit carry out matrix diagonals element sum to obtain the second result；Second result is inputted to the storage Medium is stored.

In some possible embodiments, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage is included in advance The matrix multiplication operation device first set, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix and compare fortune Device is calculated, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First fortune It is Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command MNZ to calculate instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage Comparison operation device carries out selecting neutral element to be calculated first as a result, inputting first result to the square in the pipelining-stage of the second level Second is obtained as a result, inputting second result to first order stream into row matrix neutral element number statistical in battle array adder calculator The 3rd result is calculated into row matrix neutral element ratio in matrix multiplication operation device in water level；By the 3rd result input to The storage medium is stored.

In some possible embodiments, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage is included in advance The matrix multiplication operation device first set, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix and compare fortune Device is calculated, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First fortune It is Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA to calculate instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage Adder calculator is normalized to obtain first as a result, inputting first result to the addition of matrices in the pipelining-stage of the second level Arithmetic unit performs normalization and obtains second as a result, inputting second result to the matrix multiplication in first order pipelining-stage again Dominant eigenvalue is carried out in arithmetic unit is calculated the 3rd result；3rd result is inputted to the storage medium and is deposited Storage.

In some possible embodiments, the matrix, which reads instruction, to be included：The storage of matrix needed for described instruction The mark of matrix needed for location or described instruction.

In some possible embodiments, when the matrix, which is read, is designated as the mark of matrix needed for described instruction,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to read instruction according to the matrix and is sent out to the storage medium Reading order is sent to include：

It is single that the computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be used according to the mark from the register cell Position reading manner reads the corresponding storage address of the mark；

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to be sent to the storage medium and reads the storage address Reading order simultaneously obtains the matrix using batch reading manner.

In some possible embodiments, the computing device further includes：Buffer unit, the method further include：

Pending operational order is cached in the buffer unit by the computing device.

In some possible embodiments, control the matrix operation unit to obtain the first computing in the computing device and refer to Before order, the method further includes：

The computing device determines first operational order and the second operational order before first operational order With the presence or absence of incidence relation, if first operational order and second operational order there are incidence relation, will described in First operational order is cached in the buffer unit, after second operational order is finished, from the buffer unit Extract first operational order and be transmitted to the arithmetic element；

Described definite first operational order whether there is with the second operational order before the first operational order to be associated System includes：

The first storage address section of required matrix in first operational order is extracted according to first operational order, The second storage address section of required matrix in second operational order is extracted according to second operational order, if described First storage address section has overlapping region with the second storage address section, it is determined that first operational order with Second operational order has incidence relation, if the first storage address section and the second storage address section are not With overlapping region, it is determined that first operational order does not have incidence relation with second operational order.

Second aspect, there is provided a kind of computing device, the computing device include being used for the method for performing above-mentioned first aspect Functional unit.

The third aspect, there is provided a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it stores the computer journey for electronic data interchange Sequence, wherein, the computer program causes computer to perform the method that first aspect provides.

Fourth aspect, there is provided a kind of computer program product, the computer program product include storing computer journey The non-transient computer-readable recording medium of sequence, the computer program are operable to make computer perform first aspect offer Method.

5th aspect, there is provided a kind of chip, the chip include the computing device that as above second aspect provides.

6th aspect, there is provided a kind of chip-packaging structure, the chip-packaging structure include as above the 5th aspect and provide Chip.

7th aspect, there is provided a kind of board, the board include the chip-packaging structure that as above the 6th aspect provides.

Eighth aspect, there is provided a kind of electronic equipment, the electronic equipment include the board that as above the 7th aspect provides.

In certain embodiments, the electronic equipment includes data processing equipment, robot, computer, printer, scanning Instrument, tablet computer, intelligent terminal, mobile phone, automobile data recorder, navigator, sensor, camera, server, cloud server, Camera, video camera, projecting apparatus, wrist-watch, earphone, mobile storage, wearable device, the vehicles, household electrical appliance, and/or medical treatment Equipment.

In certain embodiments, the vehicles include aircraft, steamer and/or vehicle；The household electrical appliance include electricity Depending on, air-conditioning, micro-wave oven, refrigerator, electric cooker, humidifier, washing machine, electric light, gas-cooker, kitchen ventilator；The Medical Devices include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, B ultrasound instrument and/or electrocardiograph.

Implement the embodiment of the present application, have the advantages that：

As can be seen that by the embodiment of the present application, computing device is provided with register cell and storage medium, is respectively used to Store scalar data and matrix data, and unit reading manner and batch are read the application for two kinds of memory distributions Mode, the characteristics of by matrix data distribution match the data reading mode of its feature, can be good at utilizing bandwidth, avoid Because influence of the bottleneck of bandwidth to matrix computations speed, in addition, for register cell, since its storage is scalar Data, there is provided the reading manner of scalar data, improve the utilization rate of bandwidth, so the technical solution that the application provides can Utilize bandwidth well, avoid influence of the bandwidth to calculating speed, so it is fast with calculating speed, it is efficient the advantages of.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application, make required in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, for ability For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached Figure.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of computing device provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram of arithmetic element provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a kind of flow diagram of computational methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a kind of configuration diagram of pipelining-stage provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of pipelining-stage provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B are the form schematic diagrams of two kinds of instruction set provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 7 is the structure diagram of another computing device provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 8 is the flow chart that computing device provided by the embodiments of the present application performs the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is some embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this Shen Please in embodiment, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts Example, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.

Term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " in the description and claims of this application and the attached drawing and " Four " etc. be to be used to distinguish different objects, rather than for describing particular order.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and it Any deformation, it is intended that cover non-exclusive include.Such as contain the process of series of steps or unit, method, be The step of system, product or equipment are not limited to list or unit, but alternatively further include the step of not listing or list Member, or alternatively further include for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.

Referenced herein " embodiment " is it is meant that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described can wrap in conjunction with the embodiments It is contained at least one embodiment of the application.Each position in the description occur the phrase might not each mean it is identical Embodiment, nor the independent or alternative embodiment with other embodiments mutual exclusion.Those skilled in the art explicitly and Implicitly understand, embodiment described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

It should be noted that this application involves matrix be specifically as follows m*n matrixes, wherein, m and N are more than or equal to 1 Integer, when m or n is 1, is represented by 1*n matrixes or m*1 matrixes, is referred to as vector；When m and n at the same time for 1 when, can be with It is considered as the Special matrix of 1*1.Following matrixes all can be in above-mentioned three types matrix any one, do not repeating below.

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of computational methods, which can be applied in computing device.It is this such as Fig. 1 A kind of structure diagram of possible computing device shown in inventive embodiments.Computing device as shown in Figure 1 includes：

Storage medium 201, for storage matrix.The preferable storage medium can be scratchpad, Neng Gouzhi Hold the matrix data of different length；Necessary calculating data are temporarily stored in scratchpad (Scratchpad by the application Memory), this arithmetic unit is made more flexibly can effectively to support the data of different length during matrix operation is carried out. Above-mentioned storage medium can also be the outer database of piece, database or other media that can be stored etc..

Register cell 202, for storing scalar data, wherein, which includes but not limited to：Matrix data (the application is also referred to as matrix) storage address and matrix in storage medium 201 and scalar during scalar operation.A kind of real Apply in mode, register cell can be scalar register heap, there is provided scalar register needed for calculating process, scalar deposit Device not only stores matrix address, and also storage has scalar data.It is to be understood that matrix address (the i.e. storage address of matrix, as first Location) also it is scalar.When being related to the computing of matrix and scalar, arithmetic element not only will with obtaining matrix from register cell Location, will also obtain corresponding scalar from register cell, such as the type of the line number of matrix, columns, matrix data (can also claim For data type), matrix dimension length (the concretely length of row matrix, length of rectangular array etc.).

Arithmetic element 203 (the application is also referred to as matrix operation unit 203), for obtaining and performing the first operational order. As shown in Fig. 2, the arithmetic element includes multiple arithmetic units, which includes but not limited to：Addition of matrices arithmetic unit 2031, square Battle array multiplicative operator 2032, size comparison operation device 2033 (or matrix comparison operation device), 2034 and of nonlinear operator Matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit 2035.

This method is as shown in figure 3, include the following steps：

Step S301, arithmetic element 203 obtains the first operational order, and first operational order is used for realization matrix and mark The computing of amount, first operational order include：Perform the matrix needed for the instruction and read instruction.

In step S301, matrix needed for the above-mentioned execution instruction read instruction be specifically as follows it is a variety of, for example, at this Apply in an optional technical solution, the matrix needed for the above-mentioned execution instruction reads the storage that instruction can be required matrix Address.And for example, in the application in another optional technical solution, matrix needed for the above-mentioned execution instruction reads instruction can be with For the mark of required matrix, the form of expression of the mark can be a variety of, for example, the title of matrix, and for example, the identification of matrix Number, register number or storage address of the matrix in register cell for another example.

Illustrate the square performed needed for the instruction that above-mentioned first operational order includes below by the example of a reality Battle array reads instruction, it is assumed here that and the matrix operation formula is f (x)=A+B, wherein, A, B are matrix.So in the first computing In instruction in addition to carrying the matrix operation formula, the storage address of matrix needed for the matrix operation formula can also be carried, is had Body, such as the storage address of A is 0000-0FFF, the storage address of B is 1000-1FFF.And for example, it can carry A's and B Mark, for example, A be identified as 0101, B be identified as 1010.

Step S302, arithmetic element 203 reads instruction according to the matrix and sends reading order to the storage medium 201.

The implementation method of above-mentioned steps S302 is specifically as follows：

Such as matrix reads the storage address that instruction can be required matrix, and arithmetic element 203 is sent out to the storage medium 201 Give the reading order of the reading storage address and corresponding matrix is obtained using batch reading manner.

And for example the matrix reads instruction when can be the mark of required matrix, and arithmetic element 203 is according to the mark from deposit The corresponding storage address of the mark is read using unit reading manner at device unit, then arithmetic element 203 is to the storage medium 201 send the reading order of the reading storage address and obtain corresponding matrix using batch reading manner.

Above-mentioned single reading manner is specifically as follows, and reads every time as the data of unit, i.e. 1bit data.Set at this time The reason for unit reading manner i.e. 1 reading manner, is, for scalar data, the capacity that it takes is very small, if adopted With batch data reading manner, then the data volume of reading is easily more than the capacity of required data, can so cause bandwidth Waste, so using unit reading manner here for the data of scalar and reading to reduce the waste of bandwidth.

Step S303, arithmetic element 203 reads the corresponding matrix of the instruction using batch reading manner, which is performed First operational order.

Batch reading manner is specifically as follows in above-mentioned steps S303, and reading every time is the data of multidigit, such as every time The data bits of reading is 16bit, 32bit or 64bit, i.e., no matter the data volume needed for it is how many, it reads equal every time For the data of fixed long number, the data mode that this batch is read is very suitable for the reading of big data, for matrix, due to Capacity shared by it is big, if using single reading manner, its speed read can be very slow, so being read here using batch Mode is taken to obtain the data of multidigit so as to quickly read matrix data, is avoided because reading the excessively slow influence matrix meter of matrix data The problem of calculating speed.

The computing device for the technical solution that the application provides is provided with register cell storage medium, it stores mark respectively Measure data and matrix data, and the application for two kinds of memory distributions unit reading manner and batch reading manner, The characteristics of by matrix data distribution match its feature data reading mode, can be good at utilize bandwidth, avoid because of Influence of the bottleneck of bandwidth to matrix computations speed, in addition, for register cell, since its storage is scalar number According to there is provided the reading manner of scalar data, the utilization rate of bandwidth being improved, so the technical solution that the application provides can be very Good utilization bandwidth, avoids influence of the bandwidth to calculating speed, so it is fast with calculating speed, it is efficient the advantages of.

Optionally, it is above-mentioned that matrix execution first operational order is specifically as follows：

Arithmetic element 203 can be realized using the calculation of multistage pipelining-stage, wherein, which can be user Side or the computing device side self-defined setting in advance, be that fixed design is good.Such as in herein described computing device It is designed with i grades of pipelining-stages.It is embodiment below：

Arithmetic element can be according to the corresponding calculating network topology of first operational order, Selection utilization K₁Level pipelining-stage In Selecting operation device to the matrix perform be calculated first as a result, then reselection utilizes K₂Choosing in level pipelining-stage Select arithmetic unit to first result perform be calculated second as a result, and so on, select K_jSelection in level pipelining-stage Arithmetic unit, which performs the i-th -1 result, to be calculated i-th as a result, until completing the computing of first operational order.Here I-th of result is to export result (being specially output matrix).Further, arithmetic element 203 can store the output result To storage medium 201.

Wherein, the quantity i of the multistage pipelining-stage, the execution sequence of the multistage pipelining-stage (select K_jLevel pipelining-stage) And the K_jSelecting operation device in level pipelining-stage is all specifically the calculating topological structure according to first operational order Definite, i is positive integer.In general, i=3.May be provided with arithmetic unit correspondingly in each pipelining-stage, the arithmetic unit include but It is not limited to any one of following or multinomial combination：Addition of matrices arithmetic unit, matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit, nonlinear operation Device, matrix comparison operation device and other matrix operation devices.It is that arithmetic unit is fixed included in each pipelining-stage and is consolidated User side or the self-defined setting in computing device side can be had by determining the quantity of arithmetic unit, not limited.

It is to be understood that in the application in above-mentioned computing device, the K performed is selected every time₁、K₂…K_jLevel pipelining-stage and Selecting operation device in pipelining-stage can all be repeated selection, be the execution number for not limiting each pipelining-stage.Hereinafter will be with institute Exemplified by the first operational order is stated as the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark, it is described in detail.

In the specific implementation, as Fig. 4 shows a kind of configuration diagram of pipelining-stage.Such as Fig. 4, may be present between i grades of pipelining-stages The bypass design (bypass circuit illustrated) connected entirely, for according to the corresponding calculating network topology of the first operational order, choosing Select some arithmetic unit (the Selecting operation device i.e. in the application) in the current desired pipelining-stage used and the pipelining-stage.It is optional Ground, the data transfer being additionally operable between multiple pipelining-stages, such as the output result of third level pipelining-stage is forwarded to first order stream As input, being originally inputted be able to can make water level as the input of any level-one of three-level pipelining-stage, the output of any level-one Final output for arithmetic element etc..

With i=3, exemplified by three-level flowing water, arithmetic element by bypass circuit, can select respectively the execution sequence of pipelining-stage with And the respective required arithmetic unit (alternatively referred to as arithmetic unit) used in pipelining-stage.As Fig. 5 shows a kind of operation stream of pipelining-stage Journey schematic diagram.Correspondingly, arithmetic element the matrix is performed the first pipelining-stage be calculated first as a result, (optional) by the One result be input to the second pipelining-stage perform the second pipelining-stage be calculated second as a result, (optional) by the second result input The 3rd pipelining-stage, which is performed, to the 3rd pipelining-stage is calculated the 3rd as a result, (optional) stores the 3rd result to storage medium 201。

Above-mentioned first pipelining-stage includes but not limited to：Matrix multiplication operation device etc..

Above-mentioned second pipelining-stage includes but not limited to：Addition of matrices arithmetic unit, size comparison operation device etc..

Above-mentioned 3rd pipelining-stage includes but not limited to：Nonlinear operator, matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit etc..

By three pipelining-stage computings of matrix point primarily to improving the speed of computing, for the calculating of matrix, example Such as using general processor when calculating, the step of its computing, is specifically as follows, and processor carries out matrix to be calculated first As a result, then by the storage of the first result in memory, processor from memory reads the first result and performs is calculated for the second time Two as a result, then by the storage of the second result in memory, processor is calculated for the third time from interior performed from the second result of reading 3rd as a result, then by the storage of the 3rd result in memory.It can be seen that from the step of above-mentioned calculating and carried out in general processor During matrix computations, it does not shunt water level and is calculated, then be required to after calculating every time the data that will have been calculated into Row preservation, needs to again read off when next time calculates, so this scheme needs repetition storage to read multiple data, for the application's For technical solution, the first result that the first pipelining-stage calculates is directly entered the grading row calculating of the second flowing water, the second pipelining-stage meter The second result calculated enters directly into the 3rd pipelining-stage and is calculated, the first result that the first pipelining-stage and the second pipelining-stage calculate With the second result without storage, which reduce the occupied space of memory first, secondly, which obviate result multiple storage and Read, improve the utilization rate of bandwidth, further increase computational efficiency.

In another embodiment of the application, each flowing water component can be freely combined or take level-one pipelining-stage.Such as will Second pipelining-stage and the 3rd pipelining-stage merge, and either all merge first and second and the 3rd assembly line or each Pipelining-stage is responsible for different computings can be with permutation and combination.For example, first order flowing water is responsible for comparison operation, and partial product computing, Two level flowing water is responsible for the combination such as nonlinear operation and matrix scalar multiplication.It is that the i pipelining-stage designed in the application is supported to appoint Multiple pipelining-stages of anticipating are in parallel, connect and merge, and to form different permutation and combination, the application does not limit.

It should be noted that the arithmetic unit in above-mentioned computing device in each pipelining-stage be in advance it is self-defined set, Once it is determined that do not allow to change；That is i grades of pipelining-stage may be designed as the permutation and combination of any arithmetic unit, i grades of pipelining-stages once driving not Change again, different operational orders can design different i level flowing water stage arrangements.Wherein, which can be according to specific instruction Demand, the quantity of adaptability increase/less pipelining-stage.Finally, the flowing water stage arrangement designed for different instruction can be combined Together, the computing device is formed.

Using above-mentioned computing device (i.e. arithmetic unit in every grade of pipelining-stage/arithmetic unit design is fixed), have below with Lower beneficial effect：In addition to bandwidth is improved, no extra selection signal judges expense, without identical operational part between different pipelining-stages Part is overlapping and redundancy, durability height, area are small.

Optionally, above-mentioned computing device can also include：Buffer unit 204, for caching the first operational order.Instruction exists In implementation procedure, while also it is buffered in instruction cache unit, after an instruction has performed, if the instruction is at the same time It is not to be submitted an instruction earliest in instruction in instruction cache unit, which will carry on the back and submits, once submit, this instruction Change of the operation of progress to unit state will be unable to cancel.In one embodiment, instruction cache unit can be reset Sequence caches.

Optionally, the above method can also include before step S301：

Determine that first operational order whether there is incidence relation with the second operational order before the first operational order, such as First operational order there are incidence relation, is then performed with the second operational order before the first operational order in the second operational order After finishing, first operational order is extracted from buffer unit and is transferred to arithmetic element 203.If the first operational order is with being somebody's turn to do Instruction onrelevant relation before first operational order, then be directly transferred to arithmetic element by the first operational order.

Above-mentioned definite first operational order whether there is with the second operational order before the first operational order to be associated The concrete methods of realizing of system can be：

The first storage address section of required matrix in first operational order, foundation are extracted according to first operational order Second operational order extracts the second storage address section of required matrix in second operational order, such as the first stored address area Between with the second storage address section there is overlapping region, it is determined that the first operational order has with the second operational order to be associated System.Such as the first storage address section and the non-overlapping region in the second storage address section, it is determined that the first operational order and second Operational order does not have incidence relation.

There is overlapping region the first operational order of explanation occur in trivial of this storage and have accessed phase with the second operational order Same matrix, for matrix, is as judgement since the space of its storage is bigger, such as using identical storage region The no condition for incidence relation, in fact it could happen that situation be, the second operational order access storage region contain the first computing The storage region accessed is instructed, is deposited for example, the second operational order accesses A matrix storage areas, B matrix storage areas and C matrixes Storage area domain, if A, B storage region are adjacent or A, C storage region are adjacent, the second operational order access storage region be, A, B storage regions and C storage regions, or A, C storage region and B storage regions.In this case, if the first operational order Access for A matrixes and the storage region of D matrix, then the storage region for the matrix that the first operational order accesses can not be with second The storage region of the matrix of operational order model essay is identical, if using identical Rule of judgment, it is determined that the first operational order with Second operational order does not associate, but it was verified that the first operational order and the second operational order belong to incidence relation at this time, institute With the application by whether have overlapping region to determine whether for incidence relation condition, the erroneous judgement of the above situation can be avoided.

Illustrate which kind of situation belongs to incidence relation below with the example of a reality, which kind of situation belongs to dereferenced pass System.It is assumed here that the matrix needed for the first operational order is A matrixes and D matrix, the storage region of wherein A matrixes is【0001, 0FFF】, the storage region of D matrix is【A000, AFFF】, it is A matrixes, B matrixes and C for the matrix needed for the second operational order Matrix, its corresponding storage region are【0001,0FFF】、【1000,1FFF】、【B000, BFFF】, refer to for the first computing For order, its corresponding storage region is：【0001,0FFF】、【A000, AFFF】, for the second operational order, it is corresponded to Storage region be：【0001,1FFF】、【B000, BFFF】, so the storage region of the second operational order and the first operational order Storage region there is overlapping region【0001,0FFF】, so the first operational order has incidence relation with the second operational order.

It is assumed here that the matrix needed for the first operational order is E matrixes and D matrix, the storage region of wherein A matrixes is 【C000, CFFF】, the storage region of D matrix is【A000, AFFF】, it is A matrixes for the matrix needed for the second operational order, B Matrix and C matrixes, its corresponding storage region are【0001,0FFF】、【1000,1FFF】、【B000, BFFF】, for For one operational order, its corresponding storage region is：【C000, CFFF】、【A000, AFFF】, come for the second operational order Say, its corresponding storage region is：【0001,1FFF】、【B000, BFFF】, so the storage region of the second operational order and the The storage region of one operational order does not have overlapping region, so the first operational order and the second operational order onrelevant relation.

In the application, if Fig. 6 A are a kind of instructions (or the first operational order, or operational order) that the application provides Instruction set form schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 6A, operational order includes a command code and an at least operation domain, wherein, operation Code is used for the function of indicating the operational order, and arithmetic element is operated by identifying that the command code can carry out different matrix operations Domain is used for the data message for indicating the operational order, wherein, data message can be immediate or register number, for example, to obtain When taking a matrix, matrix initial address and matrix length, then root can be obtained in corresponding register according to register number The matrix of appropriate address storage is obtained in storage medium according to matrix initial address and matrix length.

I.e. the first operational order can include：Operation domain and at least one command code, by taking matrix operation command as an example, such as Shown in table 1, wherein, register 0, register 1, register file 2, register 3, register 4 can be operation domain.Wherein, each Register 0, register 1, register 2, register 3, register 4 be used for marker register numbering, its can be one or Multiple registers.It is to be understood that the quantity of register does not limit in command code, each register is used to storage computing and refers to The related data information of order.

If Fig. 6 B are the fingers for another instruction (can be the first operational order, be alternatively referred to as operational order) that the application provides Make collection form schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 6B, instruction include at least two command codes and at least an operation domain, wherein, it is described extremely Few two command codes include the first command code and the second command code (diagram is respectively command code 1 and command code 2).The command code 1 is used for the type (i.e. certain major class instruction) of indicator, such as can concretely I/O instruction, logical order or operational order etc. Deng, the command code 2 is used for the function (explanation of the specific instruction i.e. under major class instruction) of indicator, such as in operational order Matrix operation command (such as Matrix Multiplication vector instruction MMUL, matrix inversion command M INV), vector operation instruction is (as vector is asked Lead instruction VDIER etc.) etc., the application does not limit.

It is to be understood that the form of instruction can be user side or the self-defined setting in computing device side.The behaviour of instruction Regular length, such as 8bit, 16bit etc. are may be designed as code.Instruction format as shown in Fig. 6 A has the advantage that feature： Command code occupancy digit is few, decoding system design is simple.Instruction format as shown in Fig. 6 B has the advantage that feature：It is variable Long, decoding average efficiency higher, in the case that certain major class instructs lower specific instruction less and calls frequency height, design its second The length of command code (i.e. command code 2) is short and small, can improve decoding efficiency；Moreover it is possible to strengthen the readable and expansible of instruction Property, optimizes the coding structure of instruction.

In the embodiment of the present application, instruction set includes the operational order of difference in functionality, concretely：

Matrix Calculating order instruct (MRANK), according to the instruction, device from memory (preferable scratchpad or Scalar register heap) specified address take out setting length matrix data, the fortune to Matrix Calculating order is carried out in arithmetic element Calculate, and result back into.Preferably, and by result of calculation memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar are written back to Register file) specified address；What deserves to be explained is numerical value can be as matrix (an only row element, the row of special shape The matrix of element) it is stored in memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar register heap).

Matrix Calculating mark instructs (MTRA), and according to the instruction, device is from memory (preferable scratchpad or mark Measure register file) specified address take out setting length matrix data, the computing to Matrix Calculating mark is carried out in arithmetic element, And result back into.Preferably, and by result of calculation being written back to memory, (preferable scratchpad or scalar are deposited Device heap) specified address；What deserves to be explained is numerical value can be as matrix (only a row element, the column element of special shape Matrix) be stored in memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar register heap).

Matrix Calculating determinant instruct (MDET), according to the instruction, device from memory (preferable scratchpad or Person's scalar register heap) specified address take out setting length matrix data, carried out in arithmetic element to Matrix Calculating ranks The computing of formula, and result back into.Preferably, and by result of calculation be written back to memory (preferable scratchpad or Person's scalar register heap) specified address；What deserves to be explained is numerical value can be as matrix (only a line member of special shape Element, the matrix of a column element) it is stored in memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar register heap).

Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command (MNZ), according to the instruction, from memory, (preferable scratchpad stores device Device or scalar register heap) specified address take out setting length matrix data, carried out in arithmetic element to matrix unite The computing of neutral element number is counted, and is resulted back into.Preferably, and by result of calculation it is (preferable temporary at a high speed to be written back to memory Deposit memory or scalar register heap) specified address；What deserves to be explained is numerical value can be as the matrix of special shape (only a row element, the matrix of a column element) is stored in memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar register Heap) in.

Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue instructs (MEVA), and according to the instruction, device is from memory (preferable scratchpad Or scalar register heap) specified address take out setting length matrix data, carried out in arithmetic element to matrix count The computing of neutral element number, and result back into.Preferably, and by result of calculation it is written back to memory (preferable scratchpad Memory or scalar register heap) specified address；What deserves to be explained is numerical value can as special shape matrix (only Have a row element, the matrix of a column element) it is stored in memory (preferable scratchpad or scalar register heap) In.

It is to be understood that operation/operational order that the application proposes is mainly used for solving the behaviour of the scalar of performance Matrix Properties Make.Therefore, the arithmetic unit designed in every grade of pipelining-stage is including but not limited to any one of following or multinomial combination：Matrix adds Method arithmetic unit, matrix multiplication operation device, matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit, nonlinear operator, matrix comparison operation device.

Be exemplified below this application involves operational order (i.e. the first operational order) calculating.

By taking first operational order is Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET as an example, given Matrix Calculating determinant is transported Calculate.In the specific implementation, giving a square formation A, the determinant of the matrix A is calculated according to equation below.

Wherein, j₁,j₂,...j_nFor the arbitrary arrangement of 1,2.., n.τ(j₁,j₂,...j_n) it is sequence j₁,j₂,...j_nIt is inverse Ordinal number.For line n jth in matrix A_nThe element of row.

Correspondingly, the instruction format of Matrix Calculating determinant instruction is specially：

With reference in previous embodiment, arithmetic element can obtain Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET, and after being decoded to it, pass through The matrix comparison operation device of the second pipelining-stage of bypass circuit Selection utilization carries out inverse order of sequence to matrix and the first knot is calculated Fruit, the multiplication for then inputting progress all sequences in the matrix multiplication operation device of the first pipelining-stage obtain second as a result, last Input and obtain the 3rd result (i.e. output knot in the addition of matrices arithmetic unit of the second pipelining-stage to all sequences progress read group total Fruit).Alternatively, the 3rd result is stored into storage medium.

By taking first operational order is Matrix Calculating order command M RANK as an example, given rank of matrix is calculated.Specific implementation When, a matrix A is given, carries out asking order computing using the elementary change of row.

Correspondingly, the instruction format of Matrix Calculating order command M RANK is specially：

With reference in previous embodiment, arithmetic element can obtain Matrix Calculating order command M RANK, and after being decoded to it, pass through side The addition of matrices arithmetic unit of road the second pipelining-stage of circuit Selection utilization carries out Applying Elementary Row Operations to matrix and obtains first as a result, then The second result (i.e. output knot is calculated in the statistics for inputting progress non-zero line number in the matrix comparison operation device of the second pipelining-stage Fruit, rank of matrix).Alternatively, which is stored into storage medium.

By taking first operational order is Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA as an example, the mark to set matrix is calculated.During specific implementation, A matrix A is given, according to the mark of equation below solution matrix.

Wherein, A_iiRefer to the element that the i-th row i-th arranges in matrix A, i is positive integer.

Correspondingly, the instruction format of Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA is specially：

With reference in previous embodiment, arithmetic element can obtain Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA, and after being decoded to it, pass through bypass The matrix comparison operation device of the second pipelining-stage of circuit Selection utilization carries out matrix to select diagonal element to be calculated first as a result, so It is (i.e. defeated to obtain the second result for progress matrix diagonals element read group total in the addition of matrices arithmetic unit inputted afterwards in the second pipelining-stage Go out result).Alternatively, which is stored into storage medium.

By taking first operational order is Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command MNZ as an example, the neutral element to set matrix is calculated Ratio.During specific implementation, give a matrix A, according to neutral element in equation below statistical matrix A number and calculate zero The ratio of element.

Wherein, n_ijThe element arranged for the i-th row jth in matrix A, i and j are positive integer.

Correspondingly, the instruction format of Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command MNZ is specially：

With reference in previous embodiment, arithmetic element can obtain Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command MNZ, and after being decoded to it, Neutral element is carried out by the matrix comparison operation device in the second pipelining-stage of bypass circuit Selection utilization to matrix to choose to obtain first As a result, neutral element number statistical is carried out in the addition of matrices arithmetic unit then inputted in the second pipelining-stage obtains second as a result, again In the matrix multiplication operation device inputted in the first pipelining-stage into row matrix neutral element ratio that the 3rd result is calculated is (i.e. defeated Go out as a result, the ratio of matrix neutral element).Alternatively, the 3rd result is stored into storage medium.

By taking first operational order is Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA as an example, the main feature to set matrix is calculated Value.During specific implementation, a matrix A is given, the dominant eigenvalue of the matrix is calculated according to equation below.

Seek dominant eigenvalue：

Wherein, a_ijThe element arranged for the i-th row jth in matrix A；(CW)_iFor i-th of component of matrix product CW.

Correspondingly, the instruction format of Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA is specially：

With reference in previous embodiment, arithmetic element can obtain Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA, and after being decoded to it, lead to Cross the second pipelining-stage of bypass circuit Selection utilization addition of matrices arithmetic unit matrix is normalized be calculated first as a result, Then it is normalized to obtain second in the addition of matrices arithmetic unit inputted in the second pipelining-stage again as a result, then inputting first Dominant eigenvalue is carried out in matrix multiplication operation device in pipelining-stage is calculated the 3rd result (exporting result).Alternatively, 3rd result is stored into storage medium.

It should be noted that the acquisition and decoding of above-mentioned various operational orders will be described in detail later.Ying Li Solution, the calculating of each operational order (such as Matrix Calculating order command M RANK) is realized using the structure of above-mentioned computing device, can be obtained Obtain following beneficial effect：The scalable of matrix, it is possible to reduce instruction number, the use of reduction instruction；Difference can be handled to deposit The matrix of form (row-major order and row main sequence) is stored up, avoids the expense converted to matrix；Support is stored according to certain intervals Matrix format, avoid the executive overhead that is converted to matrix storage format and the space hold of storage intermediate result.

Setting length in above-mentioned operational order (i.e. matrix operation command/first operational order) can voluntarily be set by user Fixed, in an optional embodiment, which can be arranged to a value by user, certainly in practical applications, The setting length can also be arranged to multiple values by user.The application embodiment does not limit the specific of the setting length Value and number.For the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the application are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and Referring to the drawings, the application is further described.

Refering to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is another computing device 50 that the application embodiment provides.Shown in Fig. 7, dress is calculated Putting 50 includes：Storage medium 501, register cell 502 (preferably scalar data storage unit, scalar register unit), Arithmetic element 503 (can also claim matrix operation unit 503) and control unit 504；

Storage medium 501, for storage matrix；

Scalar data storage unit 502, for storing scalar data, the scalar data includes at least：The matrix exists Storage address in the storage medium；

Control unit 504, for controlling the arithmetic element to obtain the first operational order, first operational order is used for Realize the computing between matrix and scalar, the matrix that first operational order includes performing needed for described instruction reads instruction；

Arithmetic element 503, reading order is sent for reading instruction according to the matrix to the storage medium；Foundation is adopted The matrix is read with batch reading manner and reads the corresponding matrix of instruction, and first operational order is performed to the matrix.

Optionally, above-mentioned matrix reads instruction and includes：Storage address or the described instruction institute of matrix needed for described instruction Need the mark of matrix.

Optionally as needed for matrix reading is designated as described instruction during the mark of matrix,

Control unit 504, for controlling the arithmetic element to go out according to the mark from the register cell using single Position reading manner reads the corresponding storage address of the mark, controls the arithmetic element to be sent to the storage medium and reads institute State the reading order of storage address and the matrix is obtained using batch reading manner.

Optionally, arithmetic element 503, specifically for the calculation using multistage pipelining-stage, institute is performed to the matrix State the first operational order.

Optionally, pre-set fixed arithmetic unit, Mei Geliu are included in each pipelining-stage in the multistage pipelining-stage Fixation arithmetic unit in water level differs；

Arithmetic element 503, specifically for according to the corresponding calculating network topology of first operational order, utilizing K₁Level Selecting operation device in pipelining-stage to the matrix be calculated first as a result, first result is input to K again₂ Selecting operation device in level pipelining-stage perform be calculated second as a result, and so on, until the i-th -1 result is input to the K_jSelecting operation device in level pipelining-stage, which performs, is calculated i-th of result；I-th of result is inputted to the storage and is situated between Matter is stored；

Optionally, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage includes pre-set Matrix Multiplication Method arithmetic unit, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix comparison operation device, third level stream Water level includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First operational order is Matrix Calculating Determinant command M DET,

Optionally, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage includes pre-set Matrix Multiplication Method arithmetic unit, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix comparison operation device, third level stream Water level includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First operational order is Matrix Calculating Order command M RANK,

Optionally, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage includes pre-set Matrix Multiplication Method arithmetic unit, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix comparison operation device, third level stream Water level includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First operational order is Matrix Calculating Mark command M TRA,

Optionally, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage includes pre-set Matrix Multiplication Method arithmetic unit, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix comparison operation device, third level stream Water level includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First operational order is Matrix Calculating Neutral element proportional command MNZ,

Optionally, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, and first order pipelining-stage includes pre-set Matrix Multiplication Method arithmetic unit, second level pipelining-stage include pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit and matrix comparison operation device, third level stream Water level includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit；First operational order is Matrix Calculating Dominant eigenvalue command M EVA,

Optionally, the computing device further includes：

Buffer unit 505, for caching pending operational order；

Described control unit 504, for pending operational order to be cached in the buffer unit 504.

Optionally, control unit 504, for determining the before first operational order and first operational order Two operational orders whether there is incidence relation, such as first operational order and second operational order there are incidence relation, Then by first operational order caching with the buffer unit, after second operational order is finished, from described Buffer unit extracts first operational order and is transmitted to the arithmetic element；

The first storage address section of required matrix in first operational order is extracted according to first operational order, The second storage address section of required matrix in second operational order is extracted according to second operational order, such as described the One storage address section has overlapping region with the second storage address section, it is determined that first operational order and institute Stating the second operational order has incidence relation, and such as the first storage address section does not have with the second storage address section Overlapping region, it is determined that first operational order does not have incidence relation with second operational order.

Optionally, above-mentioned control unit 503, can be used for obtaining operational order from instruction cache unit, and to the computing After instruction is handled, there is provided to the arithmetic element.Wherein, control unit 503 can be divided into three modules, be respectively： Fetching module 5031, decoding module 5032 and instruction queue module 5033,

Fetching module 5031, for obtaining operational order from instruction cache unit；

Decoding module 5032, for the operational order to acquisition into row decoding；

Instruction queue 5033, for after decoding operational order carry out sequential storage, it is contemplated that different instruction comprising Register on there may exist dependence, for cache decode after instruction, launch after dependence is satisfied and refer to Order.

Refering to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the flow chart that computing device provided by the embodiments of the present application performs operational order, such as Fig. 8 institutes Show, the hardware configuration of the computing device is refering to the structure shown in Fig. 7, and storage medium as shown in Figure 7 is with scratchpad Exemplified by, performing the process of Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA includes：

Step S601, computing device control fetching module takes out the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark, and Matrix Calculating mark instruction is sent to Decoding module.

Step S602, decoding module are sent to instruction queue to the Matrix Calculating mark Instruction decoding, and by Matrix Calculating mark instruction.

Step S603, in instruction queue, Matrix Calculating mark instruction needs to obtain three in instruction from scalar register heap The data in scalar register corresponding to a operation domain, the data include input matrix address, output vector address and output Vector length.

Step S604, control unit determine whether are Matrix Calculating mark instruction and the operational order before the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark There are incidence relation, such as there are incidence relation, the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark is deposited into buffer unit, associate management such as is not present, will Matrix Calculating mark instruction is transmitted to arithmetic element.

Step S605, data in scalar register of the arithmetic element according to corresponding to three operation domains are from scratch pad memory It is middle to take out the matrix data needed, then complete to ask mark computing in arithmetic element.

Step S606, after the completion of arithmetic element computing, write the result into memory (preferable scratchpad or Scalar register heap) specified address, reorder caching in the Matrix Calculating mark instruction is submitted.

Optionally, in above-mentioned steps S605 when arithmetic element performs and asks mark computing, the computing device can use matrix Comparison operation device selects matrix diagonals element, reuses addition of matrices arithmetic unit and carries out matrix diagonals element summation acquisition matrix Mark.

In the specific implementation, after decoding module is to the Matrix Calculating mark Instruction decoding, the control signal according to caused by decoding, The matrix comparison operation device in the Input matrix acquired in S603 to second level pipelining-stage is performed into square using bypass circuit selection Battle array diagonal element be calculated first as a result, then further according to control signal control using bypass circuit selection by the first result As input, input into the addition of matrices arithmetic unit of the second level pipelining-stage execution matrix diagonals element read group total and obtain second As a result, understand that second result is input results further according to control signal.Correspondingly, using second result as computing The output of unit writes back, or is directly transferred to output terminal.

Operational order in above-mentioned Fig. 8 is by taking the instruction of Matrix Calculating mark as an example, in practical applications, in embodiment as shown in Figure 8 The instruction of Matrix Calculating mark Matrix Calculating determinant can be used to instruct, Matrix Calculating order instructs, Matrix Calculating neutral element proportional command or matrix Ask maximum eigenvalue instruction equal matrix computing/operational order to replace, do not repeat one by one here.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of computer-readable storage medium, wherein, computer-readable storage medium storage is used for electricity The computer program that subdata exchanges, it is any as described in above-mentioned embodiment of the method which make it that computer is performed Implementation section or Overall Steps.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of computer program product, and the computer program product includes storing calculating The non-transient computer-readable recording medium of machine program, the computer program are operable to make computer perform such as above-mentioned side Any implementation section or Overall Steps described in method embodiment.

The embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of accelerator, including：Memory：It is stored with executable instruction；Processor： For performing the executable instruction in storage unit, in execute instruction according to the embodiment described in above method embodiment into Row operation.

Wherein, processor can be single processing unit, but can also include two or more processing units.In addition, Processor can also include general processor (CPU) or graphics processor (GPU)；It is additionally may included in field programmable logic Gate array (FPGA) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), to be configured to neutral net and computing.Processor can also wrap Include the on-chip memory for caching purposes (i.e. including the memory in processing unit).

In some embodiments, a kind of chip is also disclosed, is used to perform above method embodiment institute that includes above-mentioned Corresponding neural network processor.

In some embodiments, a kind of chip-packaging structure is disclosed, that includes said chip.

In some embodiments, a kind of board is disclosed, that includes said chip encapsulating structure.

In some embodiments, a kind of electronic equipment is disclosed, that includes above-mentioned board.

Electronic equipment include data processing equipment, robot, computer, printer, scanner, tablet computer, intelligent terminal, Mobile phone, automobile data recorder, navigator, sensor, camera, server, cloud server, camera, video camera, projecting apparatus, hand Table, earphone, mobile storage, wearable device, the vehicles, household electrical appliance, and/or Medical Devices.

The vehicles include aircraft, steamer and/or vehicle；The household electrical appliance include TV, air-conditioning, micro-wave oven, Refrigerator, electric cooker, humidifier, washing machine, electric light, gas-cooker, kitchen ventilator；The Medical Devices include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, B ultrasound instrument And/or electrocardiograph.

It should be noted that for foregoing each method embodiment, in order to be briefly described, therefore it is all expressed as a series of Combination of actions, but those skilled in the art should know, the application and from the limitation of described sequence of movement because According to the application, some steps can use other orders or be carried out at the same time.Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know Know, embodiment described in this description belongs to alternative embodiment, involved action and module not necessarily the application It is necessary.

In the above-described embodiments, the description to each embodiment all emphasizes particularly on different fields, and does not have the portion being described in detail in some embodiment Point, it may refer to the associated description of other embodiment.

In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device, can be by another way Realize.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, such as the division of the unit, it is only one kind Division of logic function, can there is an other dividing mode when actually realizing, such as multiple units or component can combine or can To be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not perform.Another, shown or discussed is mutual Coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection can be by some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication connection of device or unit, Can be electrical or other forms.

The unit illustrated as separating component may or may not be physically separate, be shown as unit The component shown may or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple In network unit.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs 's.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the application can be integrated in a processing unit, can also That unit is individually physically present, can also two or more units integrate in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated list Member can both be realized in the form of hardware, can also be realized in the form of software program module.

If the integrated unit is realized in the form of software program module and is used as independent production marketing or use When, it can be stored in a computer-readable access to memory.Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the application substantially or Person say the part to contribute to the prior art or the technical solution all or part can in the form of software product body Reveal and, which is stored in a memory, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or network equipment etc.) performs all or part of each embodiment the method for the application Step.And foregoing memory includes：USB flash disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with the medium of store program codes.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can To instruct relevant hardware to complete by program, which can be stored in a computer-readable memory, memory It can include：Flash disk, read-only storage (English：Read-Only Memory, referred to as：ROM), random access device (English： Random Access Memory, referred to as：RAM), disk or CD etc..

The embodiment of the present application is described in detail above, specific case used herein to the principle of the application and Embodiment is set forth, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand the present processes and its core concept； Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the application, can in specific embodiments and applications There is change part, in conclusion this specification content should not be construed as the limitation to the application.

Claims

1. a kind of computational methods, it is characterised in that applied in computing device, the computing device includes storage medium, deposit Device unit and matrix operation unit, the described method includes：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to obtain the first operational order, and first operational order is used for realization Computing between matrix and scalar, the matrix that first operational order includes performing needed for described instruction reads instruction, described Required matrix is at least one matrix, and at least one matrix is the matrix that length is identical or length is different；

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to read instruction according to the matrix and sends reading to the storage medium Take order；

The computing device is controlled described in the matrix operation unit read from the storage medium using batch reading manner Matrix reads the corresponding matrix of instruction, and using the calculation of multistage pipelining-stage, first fortune is performed to the matrix Calculate instruction.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, include in the multistage pipelining-stage in each pipelining-stage pre- The fixation arithmetic unit first set, the fixation arithmetic unit in each pipelining-stage differ；

The computing device controls calculation of the matrix operation unit using multistage pipelining-stage, and institute is performed to the matrix Stating the first operational order includes：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit according to the corresponding calculating network topology of first operational order, profit With K₁Selecting operation device in level pipelining-stage to the matrix be calculated first as a result, again that first result is defeated Enter to K₂Selecting operation device in level pipelining-stage perform be calculated second as a result, and so on, until by the i-th -1 result It is input to K_jSelecting operation device in level pipelining-stage, which performs, is calculated i-th of result；

I-th of result is inputted to the storage medium and is stored；

Wherein, K_jBelong to any pipelining-stage in i pipelining-stage, j is less than or equal to i, and j and i are positive integer, the multilevel flow The quantity i of water level, the selected execution sequence K of the multistage pipelining-stage_jAnd the K_jSelecting operation device in level pipelining-stage It is to determine that the Selecting operation device is in the fixed arithmetic unit according to the calculating topological structure of first operational order Arithmetic unit.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is described multistage pipelining-stage in each pipelining-stage included by The quantity of fixed arithmetic unit and the fixed arithmetic unit is by user side or the self-defined setting in computing device side；Or Person,

Fixation arithmetic unit in the multistage pipelining-stage in each pipelining-stage includes any one of following or multinomial combination：Square Battle array adder calculator, matrix multiplication operation device, matrix scalar multiplication arithmetic unit, nonlinear operator and matrix comparison operation Device.

4. method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that first operational order include it is following in Any one：Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET, Matrix Calculating order command M RANK, Matrix Calculating mark command M TRA, Matrix Calculating neutral element Proportional command MNZ, Matrix Calculating dominant eigenvalue command M EVA；

The instruction format of first operational order includes at least one command code and at least one operation domain, described at least one Command code is used for the function of indicating first operational order, and at least one operation domain is used to indicate that first computing refers to The data message of order, the data message include immediate or register number, and instruction and institute are read for storing the matrix State the length of matrix；Wherein, at least one command code includes the first command code and the second command code, first command code For indicating the type of first operational order, second command code is used for the function of indicating first operational order.

5. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, first order stream Water level includes pre-set matrix multiplication operation device, and second level pipelining-stage includes pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit With matrix comparison operation device, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication computing Device；First operational order is Matrix Calculating determinant command M DET,

The calculation using multistage pipelining-stage, performing first operational order to the matrix includes：

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit to compare the matrix in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage The computing that arithmetic unit carries out the matrix inverse order of sequence obtains first as a result, inputting first result to first order stream The multiplying that matrix multiplication operation device in water level carries out first result all sequences obtains second as a result, by described in Second result inputs to the addition of matrices arithmetic unit in two level pipelining-stage and carries out all sequences summation operation to second result Obtain the 3rd result；3rd result is inputted to the storage medium and is stored.

6. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the multistage pipelining-stage is three-level pipelining-stage, first order stream Water level includes pre-set matrix multiplication operation device, and second level pipelining-stage includes pre-set addition of matrices arithmetic unit With matrix comparison operation device, third level pipelining-stage includes pre-set nonlinear operator and matrix scalar multiplication computing Device；First operational order is Matrix Calculating order command M RANK,

The computing device controls the matrix operation unit by the addition of matrices in the Input matrix to second level pipelining-stage Arithmetic unit progress Applying Elementary Row Operations obtain first and compare as a result, inputting first result to the matrix in the pipelining-stage of the second level The statistics that arithmetic unit carries out non-zero line number obtains the second result；Second result is inputted to the storage medium and is deposited Storage, second result is rank of matrix.

7. a kind of computing device, it is characterised in that the computing device includes storage medium, register cell, matrix operation list Member and controller unit；

The storage medium, for storage matrix；

The register cell, for storing scalar data, the scalar data includes at least：The matrix is situated between in the storage Storage address in matter；

The controller unit, for controlling the matrix operation unit to obtain the first operational order, first operational order The computing being used for realization between matrix and scalar, the matrix that first operational order includes performing needed for described instruction, which is read, to be referred to Show, the required matrix is at least one matrix, and at least one matrix is the matrix that length is identical or length is different；

The matrix operation unit, reading order is sent for reading instruction according to the matrix to the storage medium；Foundation The matrix is read using batch reading manner and reads the corresponding matrix of instruction, using the calculation of multistage pipelining-stage, to institute State matrix and perform first operational order.

8. a kind of chip, it is characterised in that the chip includes the as above computing device described in claim 7.

9. a kind of electronic equipment, it is characterised in that the electronic equipment includes the as above chip described in claim 8.

A kind of 10. computer-readable recording medium, it is characterised in that the computer-readable storage medium is stored with computer program, The computer program includes programmed instruction, and described program instruction makes the processor perform such as right when being executed by a processor It is required that 1-6 any one of them methods.