CN107942147A - A kind of measuring method and device of the far-field pattern of antenna - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method and device of the far-field pattern of antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN107942147A CN107942147A CN201711130482.2A CN201711130482A CN107942147A CN 107942147 A CN107942147 A CN 107942147A CN 201711130482 A CN201711130482 A CN 201711130482A CN 107942147 A CN107942147 A CN 107942147A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
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- G01R29/0878—Sensors; antennas; probes; detectors
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Abstract
An embodiment of the present invention provides the measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and measuring system, using the near-field measurement probe with broadband dual polarized antenna, the broadband dual polarized antenna includes first port and second port, and this method includes：Obtain the Near-field Data for treating observation line using the near-field measurement probe and carrying out near field measurement and obtaining；Obtain the first differential operator and the second differential operator；It is based respectively on the first differential operator for representing first port probe characteristic and represents the second differential operator of second port probe characteristic and the Near-field Data, using the E of default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, respectively the far field field strength of definite antenna to be measuredθComponent andComponent；To the E of the far field field strengthθComponent andComponent is synthesized, and obtains the far-field pattern of antenna to be measured.Through the above scheme, testing efficiency can be improved in the case where meeting certain measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sphere near-field measurement technique field, more particularly to a kind of measurement side of the far-field pattern of antenna
Method and device.
Background technology
In recent years, the extensive use with antenna in the fields such as communication system, navigation system, radar system, antenna are surveyed
Amount technology is developed rapidly.The far-field measurement of antenna is surveyed in the far-field region for the measuring distance for meeting Antenna Far Field
Amount, so as to directly obtain the radiation characteristic of antenna.But with the development of the communication technology, high aperture size antenna is more and more,
Electromagnetic environment becomes increasingly complex so that far-field measurement realizes that condition is increasingly difficult to meet, so as to limit far-field measurement skill
The development of art.
Compared to far-field measurement technology, near-field measurement technique is measured in the near field region of antenna, then is passed through strictly
Near-far fields transfer theory obtains the far field radiation characteristics of antenna.According to the difference near field sampling face, near field measurement is divided into plane, column
Face and sphere near field measurement.Compared to other two kinds of near field measurement modes, sphere near field measurement, which has, is capable of providing antenna to be measured
Complete directional diagram and gain, high certainty of measurement, suitable for all kinds of antennas the advantages that.
The basis of sphere Near-far fields transfer is the spherical wave eigen mode tried to achieve by maxwell equation group, utilizes
The nearly far field of antenna to be measured can be unfolded with model-expansion method respectively for the spherical wave eigen mode of near field and far zone field,
Connect the consistency that the expansion coefficient that nearly far field is same pattern changes with propagation distance, thus in order to obtain antenna to be measured by near
The conversion in far field is arrived in field, as long as obtaining the expansion coefficient (mode expansion coefficient) of each pattern using near field measurement data, then substitutes into
Far field solution formula has just obtained the far-field pattern of antenna to be measured.
At present, sphere near-field measurement system generally uses sampling probe of the Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna as near field measurement,
By near field sampling, the Near-field Data of antenna to be measured is gathered, then by sphere Near-far fields transfer algorithm, so as to obtain treating observation
The far field radiation characteristics of line.
But with the development of the communication technology and Radar Technology, the frequency band of antenna to be measured is more and more wider, and physical size is more next
It is bigger, and the measurement frequency band of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna probes is relatively narrow, needs constantly to replace survey when measuring all channel antenna
Amount probe just can guarantee that measurement demand, and volume is larger in low-frequency range, not easy to install.Further, since Open-End Rectangular Waveguide day
Line only has a distributing point, and two polarization of electric field could be measured by needing machinery to be rotated by 90 ° measurement at twice in measurement process
Component, testing efficiency are relatively low.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is that providing a kind of measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna, device, electronics sets
Standby, storage medium and measuring system, testing efficiency is improved to realize in the case where meeting certain measuring accuracy.Particular technique
Scheme is as follows：
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna, using with width
The near-field measurement probe of frequency dual polarized antenna, the broadband dual polarized antenna include first port and second port, the measurement
Method includes：
Obtain the Near-field Data for treating observation line using the near-field measurement probe and carrying out near field measurement and obtaining, the near field
Data include：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port, wherein, the first port it is near
Field data includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port includes the near-field field strength and EθComponent phase
VerticalComponent；
The first differential operator and the second differential operator are obtained, wherein, first differential operator is used to represent the wideband
The probe characteristic of the first port of dual polarized antenna, second differential operator are used to represent the of the broadband dual polarized antenna
The probe characteristic of Two-port netwerk, the probe characteristic of the first port are different from the probe characteristic of the second port；
E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
With default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measured is determinedθComponent；
E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
With the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, the far field field strength of the antenna to be measured is determinedComponent；
To the E of the far field field strengthθComponent and the far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and obtains the antenna to be measured
Far-field pattern.
Optionally, first differential operator and second differential operator are determined using following steps：
The far-field pattern of the first port and the far-field pattern of the second port are obtained, wherein, described first
The far-field pattern of port is different from the far-field pattern of the second port；
According to the far-field pattern of the first port, the sonde response coefficient of the first port is determined；
According to the far-field pattern of the second port, the sonde response coefficient of the second port is determined；
According to the sonde response coefficient of the first port, first differential operator is determined；
According to the sonde response coefficient of the second port, second differential operator is determined.
Optionally, the E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strength
'sComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredθComponent, including：
E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
First mode expansion coefficient a is obtained with equation belowmn1、bmn1：
Wherein, LE1、LH1For first differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, k
For wave number, r is the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant along described
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle of horizontal plane, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,Be with the relevant constant of m, n,For Legendre function,For the differential expressions of Legendre function；
Based on obtained first mode expansion coefficient amn1、bmn1, the remote of the antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
The E of field field strengthθComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is radiated with it
Point along the angle on the antenna placed side to be measured,Represent the antenna to be measured and its radiant with the antenna to be measured
The angle of the vertical horizontal plane in placed side,For Legendre function,For the differential of Legendre function
Expression formula.
Optionally, the E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strength
'sComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredComponent, including：
E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
Second mode expansion coefficient a is obtained with equation belowmn2、bmn2：
Wherein, LE2、LH2For second differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, k
For wave number, r is the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant along described
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant in the water vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle of plane, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,It is and m, n phase
The constant of pass,For Legendre function,For the micro- of Legendre function
Divide expression formula；
Based on obtained second mode expansion coefficient amn2、bmn2, the remote of the antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
Field field strengthComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is radiated with it
Point along the angle on the antenna placed side to be measured,Represent the antenna to be measured and its radiant with the antenna to be measured
The angle of the vertical horizontal plane in placed side,For Legendre function,For the differential of Legendre function
Expression formula.
Optionally, the broadband dual polarized antenna is vivaldi antennas.
Second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring device of the far-field pattern of antenna, using with width
The near-field measurement probe of frequency dual polarized antenna, the broadband dual polarized antenna include first port and second port, the measurement
Device includes：
Near-field Data acquisition module, treats the progress near field measurement of observation line using the near-field measurement probe for acquisition and obtains
The Near-field Data arrived, the Near-field Data include：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port,
Wherein, the Near-field Data of the first port includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port include institute
State near-field field strength and EθComponent is perpendicularComponent；
Differential operator acquisition module, for obtaining the first differential operator and the second differential operator, wherein, first differential
Operator is used for the probe characteristic for representing the first port of the broadband dual polarized antenna, and second differential operator is used to represent institute
The probe characteristic of the second port of broadband dual polarized antenna is stated, the probe characteristic of the first port is different from the second port
Probe characteristic；
First conversion module, for the E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and described near
Field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredθComponent；
Second conversion module, for the E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and described near
Field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredPoint
Amount；
Synthesis module, for the E to the far field field strengthθComponent and the far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and is obtained
To the far-field pattern of the antenna to be measured.
Optionally, the broadband dual polarized antenna is vivaldi antennas.
The third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of electronic equipment, including processor, communication interface, memory and
Communication bus, wherein, processor, communication interface, memory completes mutual communication by communication bus；
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor, during for performing the program stored on memory, realizes the far-field pattern of antenna as described above
Measuring method step.
Fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the computer-readable storage
Dielectric memory contains computer program, and the computer program realizes the far field side of antenna as described above when being executed by processor
To the measuring method step of figure.
5th aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring system of the far-field pattern of antenna, the system bag
The near-field measurement probe with broadband dual polarized antenna and electronic equipment as described above are included, the near-field measurement probe is used for
Observation line is treated to measure to obtain the Near-field Data of the antenna to be measured.
A kind of measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, device, electronic equipment, storage are situated between
Matter and measuring system, are popped one's head in using broadband dual polarized antenna as near field sampling, since broadband dual polarized antenna has two
Distributing point, is respectively first port and second port, therefore uses broadband dual polarized antenna can be once as near field sampling probe
Property measurement sphere near field two tangential components, and when measuring all channel antenna without needing to change measuring probe, testing efficiency
It is higher, further, since the first port of broadband dual polarized antenna is different with the probe characteristic of second port, broadband dual polarized antenna
First port measurement be EθNear-field Data, therefore, based on represent first port probe characteristic the first differential operator
And the E of the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, can using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm
Obtain the E of the accurate far field field strength of antenna to be measuredθComponent；And the second port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna is
Near-field Data, therefore, based on represent second port the second differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strengthθ
Component and the near-field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain antenna to be measured compared with
For accurate far field field strengthComponent；Finally to the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, from
And the more accurate far-field pattern of antenna to be measured can be obtained.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the measuring method of the far-field pattern of the antenna of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the measuring device of the far-field pattern of the antenna of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the electronic devices structure schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
At present, sphere near-field measurement system generally uses sampling probe of the Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna as near field measurement,
By near field sampling, the Near-field Data of antenna to be measured is gathered, then by sphere Near-far fields transfer algorithm, so as to obtain treating observation
The far field radiation characteristics of line.
The basis of sphere Near-far fields transfer is the spherical wave eigen mode tried to achieve by maxwell equation group, utilizes
The nearly far field of antenna to be measured can be unfolded with model-expansion method respectively for the spherical wave eigen mode of near field and far zone field,
The consistency that the expansion coefficient that nearly far field is same pattern changes with propagation distance is connected, therefore wants to obtain antenna to be measured by near
The conversion in far field is arrived in field, as long as obtaining the expansion coefficient (mode expansion coefficient) of each pattern using near field measurement data, then substitutes into
Far field solution formula has just obtained the far-field pattern of antenna to be measured.
Mode expansion coefficient is determined using near field measurement data, it is generally related with probe characteristic.Probe characteristic can be with micro-
The form of point operator represents.
Had using Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna as near field using the method for the far-field pattern of probe measurement antenna to be measured
Body is as follows：
1) firstly the need of obtaining the far-field pattern f of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antennaE(θ)、fH(θ), due to Open-End Rectangular Waveguide
The radiation characteristic of antenna is fairly simple, can generally be formulated fE(θ)、fH(θ), it is not necessary to actual measurement；
2) the far-field pattern f based on Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antennaE(θ)、fH(θ), using equation below, determines that rectangle is opened
The sonde response coefficient of mouth radiating guide
Wherein,L, ν be probe antenna radiation spherical wave modulus, fE
(θ)、fH(θ) represents the directional diagram in probe E faces and H faces respectively, and θ representative antennas and its radiant are along the folder on antenna placed side
Angle,For Legendre function；Since the radiation characteristic of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna is fairly simple, a demand obtainsWith.
3) the sonde response coefficient based on Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antennaUsing equation below, obtain and pop one's head in
The relevant differential operator L of characteristicE、LH：
Wherein,FlAnd GlFor containing on η
The limited rank multinomial of Legendre function；η is the partial differential on r, and r is radiation length；AlIt is and the relevant constants of l.
4) based on the relevant differential operator L of the probe characteristic of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antennaE、LH, using equation below, obtain
To spherical wave mode expansion coefficient amn、bmn：
Wherein, LE2、LH2For second differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, k
For wave number, r is the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant along described
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle of horizontal plane, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,It is and m, n phase
The constant of pass,For Legendre function,For the micro- of Legendre function
Divide expression formula.
5) it is based on spherical wave mode expansion coefficient amn、bmn, using following far field solution formula, obtain the remote of antenna to be measured
Field pattern
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is radiated with it
Point along the angle on the antenna placed side to be measured,Represent the antenna to be measured and its radiant with the antenna to be measured
The angle of the vertical horizontal plane in placed side,Be with the relevant constant of m, n,For Legendre function,For the differential expressions of Legendre function.
The measurement frequency band of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna probes is relatively narrow, needs constantly to replace survey when measuring all channel antenna
Amount probe just can guarantee that measurement demand, and volume is larger in low-frequency range, not easy to install.Further, since Open-End Rectangular Waveguide day
Line only has a distributing point, and two polarization of electric field could be measured by needing machinery to be rotated by 90 ° measurement at twice in measurement process
Component, testing efficiency are relatively low.And broadband dual polarized antenna only needs single pass and without needing to change, test is imitated as receiving transducer
Rate is higher.But the radiation characteristic of broadband dual polarized antenna is different from the radiation characteristic of Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna, according to same
The measuring method of sample measures the far-field pattern of antenna to be measured, and it will cause the decline of measurement accuracy.
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to a kind of measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna of one embodiment of the invention.
The near field sampling with broadband dual polarized antenna is used to pop one's head in the embodiment, this method includes：
S100：Obtain the Near-field Data for treating observation line using the near-field measurement probe and carrying out near field measurement and obtaining, institute
Stating Near-field Data includes：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port, wherein, the first end
The Near-field Data of mouth includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port includes the near-field field strength and Eθ
Component is perpendicularComponent.
Broadband dual polarized antenna has two distributing points, is respectively first port and second port, therefore double using wideband
Poliarizing antenna can disposably measure two tangential components in sphere near field as near field sampling probe, and in measurement broadband day
Without measuring probe is needed to change during line, testing efficiency is higher.The first port of broadband dual polarized antenna and the probe of second port are special
Property it is different.Preferably, vivaldi antennas can be used as near-field measurement probe.Vivaldi antenna low costs, are easy to do into super
Broadband, small, light-weight antenna, are highly suitable as the use of probe.
Specifically, acquired Near-field Data, can gather in advance in the following way, actual measurement ring is built in microwave dark room
Border, treats observation line using the near-field measurement probe with broadband dual polarized antenna and carries out sphere near field measurement, gather near field number
According to.Specifically, calculating the sampling interval by sampling thheorem, treating observation line according to the sampling interval carries out sphere near field measurement,
The output electric field value of broadband dual polarized antenna two ports is recorded, here we assume that what first port measured is sphere near field
Strong EθComponent, that second port measures is sphere near-field field strength and EθComponent is perpendicularComponent.
S110：The first differential operator and the second differential operator are obtained, wherein, first differential operator is used to represent described
The probe characteristic of the first port of broadband dual polarized antenna, second differential operator are used to represent the broadband dual polarized antenna
Second port probe characteristic, the probe characteristic of first port is different from the probe characteristic of second port.
Specifically, represent the first differential operator of the first port probe characteristic of broadband dual polarized antenna and represent that wideband is double
Second differential operator of the second port probe characteristic of poliarizing antenna, if it is known, then directly acquiring.If unknown,
Need to determine first differential operator and second differential operator using following steps.
Step A：According to the far-field pattern of first port, the sonde response coefficient of first port is determined；
Specifically, if the far-field pattern of broadband dual polarized antenna is unknown, need in advance in far-field measurement system
The far-field pattern of broadband dual polarized antenna is obtained by actual measurement.Antenna Far Field direction is measured in far-field measurement system
Figure belongs to the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Further, according to the far-field pattern of first port, using following sonde response coefficient formula, first end is determined
The sonde response coefficient of mouthWith
Wherein,Compared to Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna, broadband dual polarized antenna
Radiation characteristic it is complicated, therefore need more radiation modes when calculating its sonde response coefficient, generally take l=kR0+ 10, R0For
Surround the minimum spherical radius of probe bore.
Step B：According to the far-field pattern of second port, the sonde response coefficient of second port is determined；
Specifically, according to the far-field pattern of second port, using following sonde response coefficient formula, second port is determined
Sonde response coefficientWith
Wherein,Compared to Open-End Rectangular Waveguide antenna, the spoke of vivaldi antennas
Characteristic complexity is penetrated, therefore more radiation modes are needed when calculating its sonde response coefficient, generally takes l=kR0+ 10, R0To surround
The minimum spherical radius of probe bore.
Step C：According to the sonde response coefficient of first port, the first differential operator is determined；
Step D：According to the sonde response coefficient of second port, the second differential operator is determined.
Specifically, using equation below, first is determined according to the sonde response coefficient of first port and second port respectively
Differential operator LE1、LH1With the second differential operator LE2、LH2：
Wherein,FlAnd GlFor containing on η
The limited rank multinomial of Legendre function；η is the partial differential on r, and r is radiation length；AlIt is and the relevant constants of l.
S120：E based on the first differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using default
Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determine the E of the far field field strength of antenna to be measuredθComponent.
Specifically, S120 steps can be subdivided into following two steps：
Step 1: the E based on the first differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using such as
Lower formula, obtains first mode expansion coefficient amn1、bmn1：
Wherein, LE1、LH1For the first differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of aerial radiation to be measured, and k is wave number, r
For the minimum radius of a ball comprising antenna to be measured, θ represents antenna to be measured and its radiant along the angle on antenna placed side to be measured,Antenna to be measured and its radiant are represented in the angle of the horizontal plane vertical with antenna placed side to be measured, F is constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,For the second class ball Chinese
The differential expressions of Ke Er functions,Be with the relevant constant of m, n,For Legendre function,For the differential expressions of Legendre function；
Step 2: it is based on obtained first mode expansion coefficient amn1、bmn1, antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
The E of far field field strengthθComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant on edge
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent antenna to be measured with its radiant in the horizontal plane vertical with antenna placed side to be measured
Angle,For Legendre function,For the differential expressions of Legendre function.
S130：E based on the second differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using default
Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determine the far field field strength of antenna to be measuredComponent.
Specifically, S130 steps can be subdivided into following two steps：
Step 1：E based on the second differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using such as
Lower formula, obtains second mode expansion coefficient amn2、bmn2：
Wherein, LE2、LH2For second differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, k
For wave number, r is the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant along described
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle of horizontal plane, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,It is related to m, n
Constant,For Legendre function,For the differential of Legendre function
Expression formula；
Step 2：Based on obtained second mode expansion coefficient amn2、bmn2, antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
Far field field strengthComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that antenna to be measured is treated with its radiant on edge
Angle on observation line placed side,Represent antenna to be measured with its radiant in the horizontal plane vertical with antenna placed side to be measured
Angle,For Legendre function,For the differential expressions of Legendre function.
S140：To the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and obtains the far field of antenna to be measured
Directional diagram.
Specifically, the specific method synthesized to the component of field strength belongs to the prior art, details are not described herein again.
The technical solution provided using the embodiment of the present invention, is visited using the near field sampling with broadband dual polarized antenna
Head, is respectively first port and second port, therefore use has wideband since broadband dual polarized antenna has two distributing points
The near field sampling probe of dual polarized antenna, which treats the progress sphere near field measurement of observation line, can disposably measure two of sphere near field
Tangential component, and when measuring all channel antenna without measuring probe is needed to change, testing efficiency is higher, further, since wideband is double
The first port of poliarizing antenna is different with the probe characteristic of second port, and the first port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna is Eθ
Near-field Data, therefore, based on represent first port the first differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strengthθ
Component and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain antenna to be measured compared with subject to
The E of true far field field strengthθComponent；And the second port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna isNear-field Data, therefore, be based on
Represent the second differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strength of second portθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain the accurate far field field strength of antenna to be measured
Component；Finally to the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, so as to obtain antenna to be measured more
For accurate far-field pattern.
Corresponding to above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of measurement of the far-field pattern of antenna
Device, using the near-field measurement probe with broadband dual polarized antenna, which includes first port and second
Port, as shown in Fig. 2, the device can include with lower module：
Near-field Data acquisition module 200, the progress near field survey of observation line is treated for obtaining using the near-field measurement probe
The Near-field Data measured, the Near-field Data include：The near field of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port
Data, wherein, the Near-field Data of first port includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of second port include near field
Strong and EθComponent is perpendicularComponent；
Differential operator acquisition module 210, for obtaining the first differential operator and the second differential operator, wherein, the first differential
Operator is used for the probe characteristic for representing the first port of broadband dual polarized antenna, and the second differential operator is used to represent band dual polarization
The probe characteristic of the second port of antenna, the probe characteristic of first port are different from the probe characteristic of second port；
First conversion module 220, for the E based on the first differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the E of the far field field strength of antenna to be measuredθComponent；
Second conversion module 230, for the E based on the second differential operator and near-field field strengthθComponent and near-field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the far field field strength of antenna to be measuredComponent；
Synthesis module 240, for the E to far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and is obtained to be measured
The far-field pattern of antenna.
The measuring device provided using the embodiment of the present invention, is visited using the near field sampling with broadband dual polarized antenna
Head, is respectively first port and second port, therefore use has wideband since broadband dual polarized antenna has two distributing points
The near field sampling probe of dual polarized antenna, which treats the progress sphere near field measurement of observation line, can disposably measure two of sphere near field
Tangential component, and when measuring all channel antenna without measuring probe is needed to change, testing efficiency is higher, further, since wideband is double
The first port of poliarizing antenna is different with the probe characteristic of second port, and the first port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna is Eθ
Near-field Data, therefore, based on represent first port the first differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strengthθ
Component and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain antenna to be measured compared with subject to
The E of true far field field strengthθComponent；And the second port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna isNear-field Data, therefore, be based on
Represent the second differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strength of second portθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain the accurate far field field strength of antenna to be measured
Component；Finally to the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, so as to obtain antenna to be measured more
For accurate far-field pattern.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of electronic equipment, as shown in figure 3, including processor 301, communication interface 302, depositing
Reservoir 303 and communication bus 304, wherein, processor 301, communication interface 302, memory 303 completed by communication bus 304
Mutual communication；
Memory 303, for storing computer program；
Processor 301, during for performing the program stored on memory 303, realizes the far field direction of following antenna
The measuring method step of figure：
Obtain the Near-field Data for treating observation line using the near-field measurement probe and carrying out near field measurement and obtaining, the near field
Data include：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port, wherein, the first port it is near
Field data includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port includes the near-field field strength and EθComponent phase
VerticalComponent；
The first differential operator and the second differential operator are obtained, wherein, first differential operator is used to represent the wideband
The probe characteristic of the first port of dual polarized antenna, second differential operator are used to represent the of the broadband dual polarized antenna
The probe characteristic of Two-port netwerk, the probe characteristic of the first port are different from the probe characteristic of the second port；
E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
With default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measured is determinedθComponent；
E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, is adopted
With the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, the far field field strength of the antenna to be measured is determinedComponent；
To the E of the far field field strengthθComponent and the far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and obtains the antenna to be measured
Far-field pattern.
The communication bus that above-mentioned electronic equipment is mentioned can be Peripheral Component Interconnect standard (Peripheral Component
Interconnect, PCI) bus or expanding the industrial standard structure (Extended Industry Standard
Architecture, EISA) bus etc..The communication bus can be divided into address bus, data/address bus, controlling bus etc..For just
Only represented in expression, figure with a thick line, it is not intended that an only bus or a type of bus.
Communication interface is used for the communication between above-mentioned electronic equipment and other equipment.
Memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), can also include non-easy
The property lost memory (Non-Volatile Memory, NVM), for example, at least a magnetic disk storage.Optionally, memory may be used also
To be at least one storage device for being located remotely from aforementioned processor.
Above-mentioned processor can be general processor, including central processing unit (Central Processing Unit,
CPU), network processing unit (Network Processor, NP) etc.；It can also be digital signal processor (Digital Signal
Processing, DSP), it is application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), existing
It is field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete
Door or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.
A kind of electronic equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is popped one's head in using the near field sampling with broadband dual polarized antenna,
It is respectively first port and second port since broadband dual polarized antenna has two distributing points, therefore using double with wideband
The near field sampling probe of poliarizing antenna treats observation line and carries out sphere near field measurement and can disposably measure two of sphere near field cutting
To component, and when measuring all channel antenna without measuring probe is needed to change, testing efficiency is higher, further, since wideband is bipolar
Change the first port of antenna and the probe characteristic difference of second port, the first port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna is Eθ's
Near-field Data, therefore, based on the first differential operator of probe characteristic and the E of the near-field field strength for representing first portθPoint
Amount and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain the more accurate of antenna to be measured
Far field field strength EθComponent；And the second port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna isNear-field Data, therefore, based on table
Show the second differential operator of the probe characteristic of second port and the E of the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strength
Component, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain the accurate far field field strength of antenna to be measuredPoint
Amount；Finally to the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, so as to obtain antenna to be measured more
Accurate far-field pattern.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, computer-readable recording medium memory contains meter
Calculation machine program, realizes the measuring method step of the far-field pattern of antenna as described above when computer program is executed by processor
Suddenly.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring system of the far-field pattern of antenna, which includes having wideband pair
The near-field measurement probe of poliarizing antenna and electronic equipment as described above, the near-field measurement probe be used for treat observation line into
Row is measured to obtain the Near-field Data of antenna to be measured.
A kind of measuring system of the far-field pattern of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which, which uses, has width
Frequency dual polarized antenna near field sampling probe, since broadband dual polarized antenna has two distributing points, be respectively first port with
Second port, therefore observation line is treated using the near field sampling probe with broadband dual polarized antenna and carries out sphere near field measurement energy
Two tangential components in disposable measurement sphere near field, and tested when measuring all channel antenna without measuring probe is needed to change
Efficiency is higher, further, since the first port of broadband dual polarized antenna is different with the probe characteristic of second port, band dual polarization
The first port measurement of antenna is EθNear-field Data, therefore, based on represent first port probe characteristic the first differential
The E of operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm,
It can obtain the E of the accurate far field field strength of antenna to be measuredθComponent；And the second port measurement of broadband dual polarized antenna
It isNear-field Data, therefore, based on represent second port probe characteristic the second differential operator and the near-field field strength
EθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, can obtain antenna to be measured
Accurate far field field strengthComponent；Finally to the E of far field field strengthθComponent and far field field strengthComponent is closed
Into so as to obtain the more accurate far-field pattern of antenna to be measured.
It should be noted that herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any this actual relation or order.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only will including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include as this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there are other identical element in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.
Each embodiment in this specification is described using relevant mode, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment.It is real especially for system
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measuring method of the far-field pattern of antenna, it is characterised in that using the near field with broadband dual polarized antenna
Measuring probe, the broadband dual polarized antenna include first port and second port, and the measuring method includes：
Obtain the Near-field Data for treating observation line using the near-field measurement probe and carrying out near field measurement and obtaining, the Near-field Data
Including：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port, wherein, the near field number of the first port
According to the E including near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port includes the near-field field strength and EθComponent is perpendicular
'sComponent；
The first differential operator and the second differential operator are obtained, wherein, first differential operator is used to represent that the wideband is bipolar
Change the probe characteristic of the first port of antenna, second differential operator is used for the second end for representing the broadband dual polarized antenna
The probe characteristic of mouth, the probe characteristic of the first port are different from the probe characteristic of the second port；
E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using pre-
If Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determine the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredθComponent；
E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using institute
Default Near-far fields transfer algorithm is stated, determines the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredComponent；
To the E of the far field field strengthθComponent and the far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and obtains the remote of the antenna to be measured
Field pattern.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, determine first differential operator and institute using following steps
State the second differential operator：
The far-field pattern of the first port and the far-field pattern of the second port are obtained, wherein, the first port
Far-field pattern be different from the second port far-field pattern；
According to the far-field pattern of the first port, the sonde response coefficient of the first port is determined；
According to the far-field pattern of the second port, the sonde response coefficient of the second port is determined；
According to the sonde response coefficient of the first port, first differential operator is determined；
According to the sonde response coefficient of the second port, second differential operator is determined.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described be based on first differential operator and the near field
The E of field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the antenna to be measured
Far field field strength EθComponent, including：
E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using such as
Lower formula obtains first mode expansion coefficient amn1、bmn1：
Wherein, LE1、LH1For first differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and k is ripple
Number, r are the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treating observation with its radiant along described
Angle on line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant in the level vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle in face, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,It is related to m, n
Constant,For Legendre function,For the differential of Legendre function
Expression formula；
Based on obtained first mode expansion coefficient amn1、bmn1, the far field of the antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
Strong EθComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured exists with its radiant
Angle along on the antenna placed side to be measured,Represent that the antenna to be measured is placed with its radiant with the antenna to be measured
The angle of the vertical horizontal plane in face,For Legendre function,Expressed for the differential of Legendre function
Formula.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described be based on second differential operator and the near field
The E of field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the antenna to be measured
Far field field strengthComponent, including：
E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near-field field strengthComponent, using such as
Lower formula obtains second mode expansion coefficient amn2、bmn2：
Wherein, LE2、LH2For second differential operator, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and k is ripple
Number, r are the minimum radius of a ball for including the antenna to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured is treating observation with its radiant along described
Angle on line placed side,Represent the antenna to be measured with its radiant in the level vertical with the antenna placed side to be measured
The angle in face, F are constant,For the second class ball Hankel function,
For the differential expressions of the second class ball Hankel function,It is related to m, n
Constant,For Legendre function,For the differential of Legendre function
Expression formula；
Based on obtained second mode expansion coefficient amn2、bmn2, the far field of the antenna to be measured is obtained using equation below
StrongComponent：
Wherein, m, n represent the modulus of the spherical wave of the aerial radiation to be measured, and θ represents that the antenna to be measured exists with its radiant
Angle along on the antenna placed side to be measured,Represent that the antenna to be measured is placed with its radiant with the antenna to be measured
The angle of the vertical horizontal plane in face,For Legendre function,Expressed for the differential of Legendre function
Formula.
5. method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the broadband dual polarized antenna is
Vivaldi antennas.
6. a kind of measuring device of the far-field pattern of antenna, it is characterised in that using the near field with broadband dual polarized antenna
Measuring probe, the broadband dual polarized antenna include first port and second port, and the measuring device includes：
Near-field Data acquisition module, treats what the progress near field measurement of observation line obtained for obtaining using the near-field measurement probe
Near-field Data, the Near-field Data include：The Near-field Data of the Near-field Data of the first port and the second port, its
In, the Near-field Data of the first port includes the E of near-field field strengthθComponent, the Near-field Data of the second port is including described
Near-field field strength and EθComponent is perpendicularComponent；
Differential operator acquisition module, for obtaining the first differential operator and the second differential operator, wherein, first differential operator
Probe characteristic for the first port for representing the broadband dual polarized antenna, second differential operator are used to represent the width
The probe characteristic of the second port of frequency dual polarized antenna, the probe characteristic of the first port are different from the spy of the second port
Head characteristic；
First conversion module, for the E based on first differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near field
StrongComponent, using default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the E of the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredθComponent；
Second conversion module, for the E based on second differential operator and the near-field field strengthθComponent and the near field
StrongComponent, using the default Near-far fields transfer algorithm, determines the far field field strength of the antenna to be measuredComponent；
Synthesis module, for the E to the far field field strengthθComponent and the far field field strengthComponent is synthesized, and obtains institute
State the far-field pattern of antenna to be measured.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the broadband dual polarized antenna is vivaldi antennas.
8. a kind of electronic equipment, it is characterised in that including processor, communication interface, memory and communication bus, wherein, processing
Device, communication interface, memory complete mutual communication by communication bus；
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor, during for performing the program stored on memory, realizes any method and steps of claim 1-5.
9. a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it is characterised in that the computer-readable recording medium memory contains computer
Program, the computer program realize claim 1-5 any method and steps when being executed by processor.
10. a kind of measuring system of the far-field pattern of antenna, it is characterised in that the system comprises with band dual polarization day
The near-field measurement probe of line and electronic equipment as claimed in claim 8, the near-field measurement probe are used to treat observation line
Measure to obtain the Near-field Data of the antenna to be measured.
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