CN107941901B - High-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on step-by-step magnetic saturation structure - Google Patents
High-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on step-by-step magnetic saturation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107941901B CN107941901B CN201810052012.7A CN201810052012A CN107941901B CN 107941901 B CN107941901 B CN 107941901B CN 201810052012 A CN201810052012 A CN 201810052012A CN 107941901 B CN107941901 B CN 107941901B
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on a step-by-step magnetic saturation structure, which is characterized in that a plurality of magnetizing units are arranged on a straight line, and each magnetizing unit is provided with a power supply unit, a detection storage device, an L-shaped clamping piece and a deformable bracket; the magnetizing unit is hollow ring-shaped with two turned-out ends, one side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected to the end part of the magnetizing unit, the other side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected with a deformable support, the deformable support is arched, the arched two end parts of the deformable support are connected and fixed with the detection storage device, the magnetizing unit is connected with the power supply unit through an electric wire, and the magnetizing units are connected through a telescopic gasket. The detection system adopts a multistage direct current coil magnetization structure, can realize the superposition of magnetic fields and the random adjustment of magnetic field intensity, can effectively reduce the influence of eddy current effect under high speed, effectively improves the magnetic flux leakage detection speed, and meanwhile, the air switch is arranged in the power supply unit, so that the safety of the system can be effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic flux leakage detection device, in particular to a high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on a step-by-step magnetic saturation structure.
Background
The ferromagnetic material is widely applied to the fields of construction, aerospace, energy, transportation and the like due to good plasticity and structural property, is easily influenced by various processes and environmental factors in the production and application processes, so that the health condition of the ferromagnetic material is gradually deteriorated in the use process, the potential danger is increased, and the safe use and operation of the ferromagnetic material are seriously restricted.
The magnetic leakage detection technology is used as a high-efficiency nondestructive detection technology, can detect various defects, can judge the geometric form of the defects, has low requirements on detection environment, has the advantages of strong applicability, on-line detection, high automation degree and the like, is the most widely applied nondestructive detection technology at present, is widely used in a plurality of severe industrial environments due to good stability and anti-interference performance, and is suitable for long-distance on-line detection of ferromagnetic materials such as steel pipes, steel rails and the like.
The leakage magnetic detection method realizes nondestructive detection of the component by picking up leakage magnetic field signals at the defect, but in the application process, the method needs to perform saturation magnetization on the detected component to effectively detect the detected component, and in the static or low-speed magnetization process, the detected component is easy to reach magnetic saturation without considering the time required by magnetization establishment; in high-speed magnetic leakage detection, the magnetization establishment time is very short, the magnetization intensity can reach a stable state after a certain time, namely, the change of the magnetic induction intensity has a delay phenomenon along with the change of an external magnetic field, the phenomenon has great influence on the on-line detection accuracy, and the detection speed and the detection accuracy of a magnetic leakage detection method are severely limited.
Those skilled in the art are required to develop a high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system which is convenient to operate, stable in performance and wide in applicable environment so as to meet the requirements of industrial production and industrial application.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The invention mainly aims at the problem of serious leakage detection caused by the magnetic post-effect phenomenon in the high-speed leakage detection process, and provides a high-speed leakage detection system based on a step-by-step magnetic saturation structure, which can realize the random adjustment of magnetic field intensity and the superposition of magnetic fields, realize the capability of carrying out step-by-step magnetization, reduce the influence of eddy current effect and effectively improve the leakage detection speed.
Technical proposal
The utility model provides a high-speed magnetic leakage detecting system based on magnetic saturation structure step by step, includes power supply unit, magnetization unit, detects storage device, scalable packing ring, L type fastener and flexible support, its characterized in that: a plurality of magnetizing units are arranged on a straight line, and each magnetizing unit is provided with a power supply unit, a detection storage device and an L-shaped clamping piece; the magnetizing unit is hollow ring-shaped with two turned-out ends, one side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected to the end part of the magnetizing unit, the other side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected with a deformable support, the deformable support is arched, the arched two end parts of the deformable support are connected and fixed with the detection storage device, the magnetizing unit is connected with the power supply unit through an electric wire, and the magnetizing units are connected through a telescopic gasket.
The end part of the L-shaped clamping piece, which is connected with the magnetizing unit, is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting groove.
The magnetizing unit is connected with a base.
The magnetizing unit consists of a magnetizing coil and a supporting framework, wherein the magnetizing coil is made of copper enameled wires and is wound on the supporting framework.
The magnetizing units are in a plurality of coaxial arrangement modes, and the axial distance is equal to the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coil.
The power supply unit comprises an air switch, a voltage regulator, a rectifier bridge, a direct current ammeter, a direct current power supply, a cooling fan, a shunt, an electrolytic capacitor, a diode, a power resistor, a 220V power line live wire and a 220V power line zero wire; the 220V power line live wire is connected with the first input end of the air switch, and the 220V power line zero wire is connected with the second input end of the air switch; the first output end of the air switch is connected with the first input end of the voltage regulator, and the first output end of the voltage regulator is connected with the power supply first input end of the rectifier bridge, the power supply first input end of the direct current power supply and the power supply first input end of the direct current ammeter; the second output end of the air switch is connected with the second input end of the voltage regulator, and the second output end of the voltage regulator is connected with the power supply second input end of the rectifier bridge, the power supply second input end of the direct current power supply and the power supply second input end of the direct current ammeter; the positive signal output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the anode of the electrolytic capacitor, the cathode of the diode and the first input end of the shunt; the negative signal output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor, one end of the power resistor and the output end of the magnetizing coil; the anode of the diode is connected with the other end of the power resistor, the first output end of the current divider is connected with the input end of the magnetizing coil, and the magnetizing coil is wound on the supporting framework; the signal first input end of the direct current ammeter is connected with the second output end of the current divider, and the signal second input end of the direct current ammeter is connected with the third output end of the current divider; the positive electrode of the cooling fan is connected with the positive electrode output end of the direct current power supply, the negative electrode of the cooling fan is connected with the negative electrode output end of the direct current power supply, and the cooling fan is arranged on one side of the rectifier bridge.
The detection storage device is fixed at one end of the supporting framework through the L-shaped clamping piece and the deformable bracket.
The telescopic gasket is in a fold shape and is provided with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the detection storage device and the deformable bracket; the outer wall of the telescopic gasket is provided with a communication hole which communicates the accommodating cavity with the outside.
Advantages and effects
The invention relates to a high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on a step-by-step magnetic saturation structure, which has the following advantages:
1) The DC coil magnetization mode is adopted, and the adjustment of the magnetic field intensity can be realized by adjusting the current;
2) The step-by-step saturation structure adopts a coaxial arrangement mode, so that magnetic field superposition can be realized, magnetization time can be effectively prolonged, eddy current effect can be reduced, influence of magnetic posteffect phenomenon can be reduced, and compared with a single-stage magnetization structure, magnetic leakage detection speed can be effectively improved;
3) The magnetizing progression can be adjusted according to the practical application environment, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a power supply unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a magnetizing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sensor array of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of equivalent radii of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a magnetizing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test storage device, the stretchable gasket, the L-shaped clamping member and the deformable support of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a telescoping washer of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. the power supply unit, 1-1 air switch, 1-2 voltage regulator, 1-3 rectifier bridge, 1-4 DC ammeter, 1-5 DC power supply, 1-6 radiator fan, 1-7 current divider and C 1 Electrolytic capacitor, D 1 Diode, R 1 Power resistor, L 1 220V power line live wire, L 2 220V power line zero line, 2, magnetization unit, 2-1, magnetization coil, 2-2, support skeleton, 3, detection storage device, 4, telescopic gasket, 5.L, 5-1, adjusting groove, 6, deformable support, 7, base.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on a step-by-step magnetic saturation structure, which comprises a power supply unit 1, a magnetization unit 2, a detection storage device 3, a telescopic gasket 4, an L-shaped clamping piece 5 and a deformable bracket 6, wherein a plurality of magnetization units 2 in a coaxial arrangement form are arranged on a straight line, and the magnetization unit 2 is connected with a base 7 for supporting the magnetization unit 2 so as to keep the magnetization unit 2 concentric with a pipeline to be detected; as shown in fig. 7, each magnetizing unit 2 is provided with a power supply unit 1, a detection and storage device 3, an L-shaped clip 5, and a deformable bracket 6; the magnetizing unit 2 is in a hollow circular shape with two outwards turned ends, the magnetizing unit 2 consists of a magnetizing coil 2-1 and a supporting framework 2-2, the magnetizing coil 2-1 is made of copper enameled wires, and the magnetizing unit is wound on the supporting framework 2-2 and is used for converting direct current signals into magnetic signals to magnetize the component; the axial spacing between the magnetizing units 2 is equal to the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coil 2-1. One side of the L-shaped clamping piece 5 is connected with the end part of the magnetizing unit 2, and a strip-shaped adjusting groove 5-1 is arranged at the end part of the L-shaped clamping piece 5 connected with the magnetizing unit 2. The other side is connected with a deformable support 6, the deformable support 6 is arched, the arched two ends of the deformable support 6 are connected and fixed with the detection storage device 3, the detection storage device 3 is arranged in a 360-degree annular way, the collection and storage integrated type can be realized, the comprehensiveness and reliability of defect detection can be realized, the deformable support 6 can stretch and deform, and the damage caused by collision is reduced; preferably, the deformable support 6 is made of rubber material, and is not magnetic conductive but has certain elasticity; the magnetizing unit 2 is connected with the power supply unit 1 through a wire, and the power supply unit is used for generating a direct current signal with adjustable size; as shown in fig. 8, the magnetizing units 2 are connected through a telescopic gasket 4, the telescopic gasket 4 is in a fold shape, and a containing cavity for containing the detection storage device 3 and the deformable bracket 6 is formed; the outer wall of the telescopic gasket 4 is provided with a communication hole which communicates the accommodating cavity with the outside.
As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply unit 1 comprises an air switch 1-1, a voltage regulator 1-2, a rectifier bridge 1-3, a DC ammeter 1-4, a DC power supply 1-5, a cooling fan 1-6, a current divider 1-7, and an electrolytic capacitor C 1 Diode D 1 Power resistor R 1 Live wire L of 220V power line 1 And 220V power line zero line L 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 220V power line and live wire L 1 A 220V power line zero line L connected with a first input end of the air switch 1-1 2 A second input end of the air switch 1-1 is connected; the first output end of the air switch 1-1 is connected with the first input end of the voltage regulator 1-2, and the first output end of the voltage regulator 1-2 is connected with the power supply first input end of the rectifier bridge 1-3, the power supply first input end of the direct current power supply 1-5 and the power supply first input end of the direct current ammeter 1-4; the second output end of the air switch 1-1 is connected with the second input end of the voltage regulator 1-2, and the second output end of the voltage regulator 1-2 is connected with the power supply second input end of the rectifier bridge 1-3, the power supply second input end of the direct current power supply 1-5 and the power supply second input end of the direct current ammeter 1-4; the positive signal output end of the rectifier bridge 1-3 is connected with an electrolytic capacitor C 1 Anode, diode D of (c) 1 And a first input of the current divider 1-7; the negative signal output end of the rectifier bridge 1-3 is connected with the electrolytic capacitor C 1 Cathode, power resistor R 1 And the output end of the magnetizing coil 2-1; diode D 1 Is connected with a power resistor R by an anode 1 A first output end of the current divider 1-7 is connected with an input end of the magnetizing coil 2-1, the magnetizing coil 2-1 is wound on the supporting framework 2-2, and the diode D 1 And a power resistor R 1 The loop formed by the current divider 1-7 and the coil 2-1 can ensure that the coil is fully discharged after the power is cut off, so that high-voltage impact is avoided, and the safety of the circuit is protected; the first input end of the signal of the direct current ammeter 1-4 is connected with the second output end of the current divider 1-7, and the second input end of the signal of the direct current ammeter 1-4 is connected with the third output end of the current divider 1-7; the positive electrode of the cooling fan 1-6 is connected with the positive electrode output end of the direct current power supply 1-5, the negative electrode of the cooling fan 1-6 is connected with the negative electrode output end of the direct current power supply 1-5,the heat radiation fan 1-6 is placed at one side of the rectifier bridge 1-3.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnetization unit principle, X represents the direction of the central axis of the coil,O A andO B the center points of coil a and coil B are shown respectively,Rfor the radius of the coil,xis any point on the central axis of the coilPFrom the center point of the two coilsOThe axial distance between the coils is equal to the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coil, and the magnetizing coil is used for generating uniform magnetic field.
As shown in fig. 4, the detection storage device adopts an MLX90393 chip, realizes three-axis magnetic field detection, realizes collection and storage integration of the detection sensor, and adopts a 360-degree circumferential arrangement form to enhance the comprehensiveness and reliability of defect detection.
As shown in FIG. 5, R represents the equivalent radius of the coil, R is a schematic diagram of the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coil 1 And R is 2 Respectively representing the inner radius and the outer radius of the coil, wherein the equivalent radius of the coil and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the coil satisfy the following relation:
as shown in figure 6 of the drawings,O A andO B the center points of coil a and coil B are shown respectively,Othe magnetic field induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the coils is represented by the center points of the two coils, and the X represents the central axis direction of the coils. When the two coils are axially arranged, the magnetic field intensity generated by the coils has a single axial component on the section of the central axis and the central point of the axis, the magnetic fields generated by the two coils are overlapped and approximate to uniform magnetic fields, the magnetic field intensity is the maximum value in the whole magnetic field area range, the magnetizing time of the steel pipe can be improved, and the influence of eddy current effect is reduced.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention mainly comprises a magnetizing device and a detecting device, and based on the original direct current excitation structure, the direct current magnetizing units magnetize the components in a step-by-step parallel mode. The multiple groups of magnetizing units are axially and sequentially arranged, and a uniform magnetic field is generated between every two groups of coils, so that the influence of eddy current effect in high-speed magnetic leakage detection can be effectively reduced, and the magnetizing time of the component is prolonged. The magnetizing unit is powered by the power supply unit, and the current flowing into the coil can be adjusted by the voltage regulator.
It should be noted that the present invention may employ different numbers of magnetization units according to different application contexts, and the present invention is not implemented by the above embodiments only, and therefore, equivalent modifications or changes made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed magnetic leakage detecting system based on magnetic saturation structure step by step, includes power supply unit, magnetization unit, detects storage device, scalable packing ring, L type fastener and flexible support, its characterized in that: a plurality of magnetizing units are arranged on a straight line, and each magnetizing unit is provided with a power supply unit, a detection storage device and an L-shaped clamping piece; the magnetizing unit is hollow circular with two turned-out ends, one side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected with the end part of the magnetizing unit, the other side of the L-shaped clamping piece is connected with a deformable bracket, the deformable bracket is arched, the arched two ends of the deformable bracket are connected and fixed with the detection storage device, the magnetizing unit is connected with the power supply unit through an electric wire, and the magnetizing units are connected through a telescopic gasket;
the telescopic gasket is in a fold shape and is provided with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the detection storage device and the deformable bracket; the outer wall of the telescopic gasket is provided with a communication hole which communicates the accommodating cavity with the outside;
the magnetizing unit consists of a magnetizing coil and a supporting framework, wherein the magnetizing coil is made of copper enameled wires and is wound on the supporting framework;
the magnetizing units are in a plurality of coaxial arrangement modes, the axial distance is equal to the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coils, a plurality of groups of magnetizing units are axially and sequentially arranged, a uniform magnetic field is generated between every two groups of coils, and the equivalent radius of the magnetizing coils and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the coils meet the following relation:
；
wherein R represents the equivalent radius of the coil, R 1 Represents the inner radius of the coil, R 2 Represents the outer radius of the coil;
the power supply unit comprises an air switch, a voltage regulator, a rectifier bridge, a direct current ammeter, a direct current power supply, a cooling fan, a shunt, an electrolytic capacitor, a diode, a power resistor, a 220V power line live wire and a 220V power line zero wire; the 220V power line live wire is connected with the first input end of the air switch, and the 220V power line zero wire is connected with the second input end of the air switch; the first output end of the air switch is connected with the first input end of the voltage regulator, and the first output end of the voltage regulator is connected with the power supply first input end of the rectifier bridge, the power supply first input end of the direct current power supply and the power supply first input end of the direct current ammeter; the second output end of the air switch is connected with the second input end of the voltage regulator, and the second output end of the voltage regulator is connected with the power supply second input end of the rectifier bridge, the power supply second input end of the direct current power supply and the power supply second input end of the direct current ammeter; the positive signal output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the anode of the electrolytic capacitor, the cathode of the diode and the first input end of the shunt; the negative signal output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor, one end of the power resistor and the output end of the magnetizing coil; the anode of the diode is connected with the other end of the power resistor, the first output end of the current divider is connected with the input end of the magnetizing coil, and the magnetizing coil is wound on the supporting framework; the signal first input end of the direct current ammeter is connected with the second output end of the current divider, and the signal second input end of the direct current ammeter is connected with the third output end of the current divider; the positive electrode of the cooling fan is connected with the positive electrode output end of the direct current power supply, the negative electrode of the cooling fan is connected with the negative electrode output end of the direct current power supply, and the cooling fan is arranged on one side of the rectifier bridge.
2. The high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on the step-by-step magnetic saturation structure according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the L-shaped clamping piece, which is connected with the magnetizing unit, is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting groove.
3. The high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on the step-by-step magnetic saturation structure according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetizing unit is connected with a base.
4. The high-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on the step-by-step magnetic saturation structure according to claim 1, wherein: the detection storage device is fixed at one end of the supporting framework through the L-shaped clamping piece and the deformable bracket.
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| CN201810052012.7A CN107941901B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | High-speed magnetic flux leakage detection system based on step-by-step magnetic saturation structure |
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| CN104764799A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Detection system and detection method combining alternating current and direct current magnetic flux leakage technologies |
| JP2017090364A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-25 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Leakage magnetic flux flaw detection device of thin steel strip and flaw detection method |
| CN105467001A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-06 | 北京工业大学 | Integral MFL (Magnetic Flux Leakage) and eddy current array sensor for detecting copper-coated/aluminum-coated steel shaft type structure |
| CN106442707A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中国计量大学 | Metal pipeline defect detecting device based on low-frequency electromagnetism |
| CN206611342U (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-11-03 | 北京中飞雁科技有限公司 | A kind of isolated form High-current output dc source |
| CN106990164A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 四川大学 | A kind of steel pipe longitudinal defect magnetic leakage crack detection device based on rotary magnetization |
| CN207976429U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-10-16 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of High Speed Magnetic Flux Leakage detecting system based on magnetic saturation structure step by step |
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