CN107941650A - A kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device - Google Patents

A kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107941650A
CN107941650A CN201610893417.4A CN201610893417A CN107941650A CN 107941650 A CN107941650 A CN 107941650A CN 201610893417 A CN201610893417 A CN 201610893417A CN 107941650 A CN107941650 A CN 107941650A
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China
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gas
desorption
subsystem
adsorption
shale
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Inventor
李晓斌
王恩营
周航
张璐路
邵佳
陈占营
杜嘉婧
黄斌
吴东
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N7/00Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
    • G01N7/14Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device, including 5 subsystems such as adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, gas circuit subsystem, gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem, control and data acquisition board, data acquisition and analyzing subsystem.Adsorption/desorption analog subsystem is by controlling the absorption of hydrocarbon gas and desorption process under the crustal stress and temperature simulation nature occurrence condition under coal bed gas or shale gas occurrence status, gas circuit subsystem is used to switch gas communication path, gas desorption speed dynamic monitoring subsystem is using the volume and speed for repeating draining and water-filling method measurement desorption gas, control and data acquisition board are used to control each subsystem and gathered data, and data are uploaded to host computer, recorded automatically by host computer, analyze coal bed gas or shale gas adsorption/desorption rule, gas collection measuring cylinder is used to collect accuracy and centralized processing desorption gas that desorption gas is used for the automatic record data of artificial school inspection.

Description

A kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device
Technical field
This method and device are related to measure coal seam and shale gas adsorption/desorption feature.Specifically, the ore deposit such as shale, coal petrography , being capable of automatic accurate measure danks, coal petrography adsorption/desorption gas content in the case that thing rock sample is there are adsorbed gas A kind of and method and apparatus of speed.
Background technology
The recovery process of coal bed gas and shale gas, its essence is coal petrography and shale to adsorbing the hydrocarbon gas on its surface The adsorption/desorption feature of desorption process, coal bed gas or shale gas determines recovery method and production practice.Therefore, it is possible to accurate Measure coal petrography or shale for the adsorption/desorption feature of hydrocarbon gas, reasonable development to coal bed gas or shale gas has weight The directive function wanted.In addition, the hydrocarbon gas of coal seam absorption is also to endanger one of an important factor for safe coal is exploited, it is accurate to survey The desorbing mash gas content for determining coal petrography sample is prediction and the important evidence and underlying parameter of administering coal and gas prominent.
The experimental method of measure gas adsorption/desorption indicatrix in danks mainly has pressure application, volume at present Method, gravitational method and drainage.Pressure application experimental provision mainly include gas cylinder, vacuum pump, with reference to cylinder, sample cylinder, pressure gauge and Constant temperature oil bath(Or insulating box)Composition, but its operating process is complicated, and the required precision to pressure gauge is higher, as patent is " a kind of New shale gassiness tester and shale measurement of air content "(Patent No. CN103063545A).Volumetric method principle and pressure Force method is similar, and device mainly includes vacuum pump, piston pump, with reference to cylinder, sample cylinder, pressure gauge, constant temperature oil bath(Or insulating box), hold Area method is a difference in that the volume for being filled with gas is measured by the volume change of piston pump with pressure application, but operating process is answered Miscellaneous, the pressure precision requirement of piston pump is high.The experimental provision and principle and said two devices that gravitational method uses there are larger difference, Its main device is made of electromagnetic suspension system balance, high-pressure sealed cylinder and insulating box, wherein closed cylinder be separated into two it is closed Room, coal to be measured(Rock)Sample and gases at high pressure are respectively placed in two confined chambers, but experimental provision cost used is relatively expensive, at present Using few.Drainage is that the methane gas that coal sample tank collection coal seam or shale samples desorb is guided to the amount equipped with liquid Pipe, the reading directly changed according to gas volume in buret obtains the desorption quantity of methane gas, due to coal and shale desorption time Generally require 48 it is small when even several weeks, and at interval of certain time continuous 24h or longer time record buret reading, continuous mode Need professional and read corresponding time and correspond to scale on buret, and note down;Such as patent " high-precision air content test Instrument "(Patent No. CN201120464973), patent " adsorbed gas content measuring instrument and its experimental method "(Patent No. 2010101372751), patent " a kind of new shale gassiness tester and shale measurement of air content "(Patent No. 201210592194X)Deng mainly by using gas collection measuring cylinder measurement gas desorption quantity;Adsorption/desorption process is often needed due to one time It is more than hour to want 24, the reading of data and recording process require experimenter to complete, and not only need personnel more, cumbersome, And may cause time and error in reading, the result difference often repeatedly measured is larger, wastes plenty of time and energy etc. no Foot part.
For this reason, some scholars research and development can automatically obtain coal(Shale)Desorption process and air content data air content test Device.Such as patent " gas content data collecting system for coal layer "(Patent No. CN200820122855)Disclose a kind of coal-bed gas content Data collecting system, is by host computer, data acquisition control system, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, high-precision gas Flowmeter, high-speed ultrasonic ripple instrument, groups of printers are into core is to obtain desorption data automatically by flowmeter;Such as patent " one The assay method of kind danks isothermal adsorption/desorption curve "(Patent No. CN103115844B), by gas circuit arrival end high accuracy gas Weight flowmeter measurement gas desorption speed etc..But coal(Shale)Gas desorption initial velocity or more than high-precision gas flowmeter Range ability, and the problems such as later stage faint gas desorption speed can not be responded by sensor.Patent " air content test device Number "(Patent No. CN202362222U)One kind is disclosed to be made of sample storing unit, gas volume measuring device and host computer, Pass through two graduated cylinder liquid levels of automated control(The thinner conduit connection of diameter is arranged at lower part)Realize cubing, but this method is only A small amount of coal can be measured(Shale)Sample or the less situation of the stripping gas scale of construction, and performance difficulty.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device to solve the problem above-mentioned.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a set of simulation coal seam or the shale gas under the geological conditions such as different crustal stress, different temperatures and inhales Attached/desorption process, is controlled, records automatically, analyzes coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption characteristic rule in real time by host computer.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:By adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, gas circuit 5 subsystems such as system, gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem, control and data acquisition board, data acquisition and analyzing subsystem Composition.
Adsorption/desorption analog subsystem is by controlling crustal stress and temperature simulation under coal bed gas or shale gas occurrence status The absorption of hydrocarbon gas and desorption process under natural occurrence condition, including thermostat, triaxial core clamping device, temperature sensing Device, pressure sensor, helium tank, gas cylinder to be measured, rock sample tank and vacuum pump etc..
Gas circuit subsystem is used to connect adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, the gas stream of gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem Path through etc., using the components such as 2/2-way electromagnetic valve, two-bit triplet electromagnetic valve switching gas communication path.
Gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem includes ultrasonic wave or infrared distance sensor, atmospheric pressure and temperature sensing Device, vacuum water suction pump, saturated salt sump, graduated cylinder etc. form;Using the volume for repeating draining and water-filling method measurement desorption gas And speed.
Control and data acquisition board is peripheral circuit plate using microcontroller as core, for controlling two two of each subsystem The states such as port valve door, two-bit triplet valve, vacuum pump switch, thermostat, triaxial pressure;Ranging sensing in acquisition system The data such as device, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and by the data of collection by USB or RS232 standard communication interfaces send to Host computer.
Gas collection measuring cylinder is used to collect desorption gas and manual synchronizing etc..
Data acquisition and analyzing subsystem are mainly completed by host computer, realize real time data acquisition and visualization etc..
In combinations thereof device, in the rock sample tank that sample is placed to adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, coal bed gas or page are simulated Adsorption/desorption dynamic process under rock gas occurrence condition, and the various parameters for automatically controlling and recording are transmitted to host computer.
Present invention also offers one kind to utilize coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption apparatus for automatically measuring measurement coal and shale The experimental method of the adsorption/desorption gas of sample, it is characterised in that measurement record is automatically performed, and can be imitated according to final total flow Test measurement result.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:(1)Realize coal seam(Or shale)The automatic collection of gas absorption/desorption data and Record, reducing human factor influences, and improves the accuracy of measurement, and can reflect the dynamic of gas or shale gas adsorption/desorption in real time State process;(2)The clamping of adsorption/desorption simulation system triaxial pressure and thermostat are designed, simulates coal bed gas or shale gas preservation The actual state of environment, reflects the pressure-dependent dynamic process of adsorption/desorption process, more operation instruction value;(3)Using Drainage metric results data are reliable, and gas collection measuring cylinder can manually school detection limit as a result, also focus on desorption gas, reaches at any time The purpose of to environmental protection and eliminating safe hidden trouble.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 coal bed gas and the general structure schematic diagram of shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device.
Fig. 2 coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption analog subsystem structure diagram.
Fig. 3 coal bed gas and shale gas desorption dynamic measurement subsystem structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 gas collection measuring cylinders.
Fig. 5 data acquisition subsystem module diagrams.
In wherein Fig. 2:201-rock(Coal)Sample tank, 202-triaxial core clamping device, 203-thermostatically-controlled equipment, 204-Pressure monitoring table, 205-two-bit triplet program-controlled valve, 206-2/2-way program-controlled valve, 207-helium tank, 208- Methane gas cylinder, 209-vacuum pump, 210-vacuometer, 211-pressure reducing valve, 212- pneumatic filters, 213-outlet valve.
In wherein Fig. 3:301-gas circuit, 302-two-bit triplet program-controlled valve, 303-air admission hole, 304-ranging, air Pressure and temperature measurement module, 305-water pipe, 306-sump, 307-saturated brine, 308-small graduated cylinder, 309-vacuum are taken out Water pump.
In wherein Fig. 4:401-tracheae, 402-air admission hole, 403-apopore, 404-big graduated cylinder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated and Description.
As shown in Figure 1, coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device provided in the present embodiment General structure schematic diagram, including connected by gas-guide tube coal bed gas and shale gas hydrocarbon, adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, solution Inhale speed and content automatic measurement subsystem and gas collection measuring cylinder.By the 2/2-way or two-bit triplet of data acquisition panel control system Valve, so as to control gas communication path;By the preservation formation temperature and crustal stress, desorption gas of data acquisition board collection simulation Temperature and pressure;Host computer is uploaded to by standard communication interfaces such as RS232 or USB, host computer realizes human-computer interaction, data Processing and visualization etc..
With reference to shown in figure 1 and Fig. 2, coal bed gas and the simulation of shale gas adsorption/desorption are realized by following steps:
Step 1-1, coal petrography or shale samples test specimen is fitted into flexible rock sample tank 201, then flexible rock sample tank part is loaded three axis In core clamping device 202,203 power supply of thermostatically-controlled equipment is connected, according to actual formation temperature and crustal stress setting experiment Temperature and operating pressure, by pressure sensor and 201 experimental temperature of temperature sensor monitors rock sample tank and operating pressure;
Step 1-2, closes the valve of vacuum pump 209, the valve of methane gas cylinder 208, the outlet valve of adsorption/desorption analog subsystem Door 213, opens the valve of helium tank 207, the valve of closing helium tank 207 after a certain amount of helium is filled with into system, by gas Pressure monitoring table 204 monitors system gas pressure, and after gas pressure stabilization, system will have no pressure change every 15 minutes records Change, if continuing 6h pressure without significant change, illustrate that the air-tightness of coal bed gas and shale gas analog subsystem is good, if system pressure Power change is obvious, then air-tightness is poor, need to reexamine and assemble coal bed gas and shale gas analog subsystem, to adsorption/desorption Analog subsystem reaches air-tightness kilter;
Step 1-3, if air-tightness is good, closes the valve of methane gas cylinder 208, closes the valve of helium tank 207, open vacuum pump 209 valve is de-gassed sample specimens, to eliminate the influence of coal body or shale samples absorption air to result of the test, by Vacuometer 201 monitors the vacuum of system, usual degassing time 3-6h;
Step 1-4, the step are coal sample or shale samples adsorption experiment.The valve of helium tank 207 is closed, closes vacuum pump 209 Valve, open the valve of methane gas cylinder 208, methane gas to be measured be filled with into adsorption tanks according to the system pressure of experimental design Body, improves experimental pressure successively, until reaching the highest experimental pressure of design;
Step 1-5, is coal or shale samples desorption experiment, closes the valve of helium tank 207, closes the valve of vacuum pump 209, closes The valve of methane gas cylinder 208 is closed, opens the outlet valve 213 of simulation coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption analog subsystem, then Maximum balance pressure after adsorption experiment starts, and system experimentation pressure is gradually reduced, until the minimum experimental pressure of design.
Above-mentioned 5 steps complete absorption and the desorption overall process of coal bed gas and shale gas, test the temperature of whole process, pressure, The parameters such as gas flow are gathered by control panel and are transmitted to host computer.In addition, the desorption gas of step 5 has outlet gas circuit access coal Layer gas and shale gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem, so that the flow and speed of desorption gas are recorded automatically, or access gas Total flow graduated cylinder is manually read.
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 3, missed to reduce graduated cylinder height of water level differential pressure as far as possible caused by the volume of desorption gas Difference, the small graduated cylinder height 308 of Fig. 3 should be less than 30cm;Gas circuit 301 turns on coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption analog subsystem Desorption gas, program-controlled two-bit triplet valve 302, ranging, atmospheric pressure and thermal module 304, vacuum water pump 309 is by data Acquisition system control realizes that coal bed gas and shale gas desorption gas dynamic measure, concrete technical scheme following steps:
Step 2-1, program-controlled two-bit triplet valve 302 turn on small graduated cylinder 308 and vacuum water pump 309, and vacuum water pump, which starts, to be taken out Water injects graduated cylinder, while range finder module 304 measures height of water level, when height of water level is 0, closes vacuum water pump 309, measurement For ready state;
Step 2-2, program-controlled two-bit triplet valve 302 turn on small graduated cylinder 308 and coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption simulation subsystem The desorption gas of system, desorption gas enters graduated cylinder, graduated cylinder draining, while range finder module measures height of water level, gas volume in real time For the product of drain height and graduated cylinder sectional area, gas volume is calculated in real time by host computer, can be according to volume and time parameter meter Evaluation time gas desorption speed;
Step 2-3, when height of water level reaches the value of setting, program-controlled two-bit triplet valve 302 turns on small graduated cylinder 308 and draws water with vacuum Pump 309, vacuum water pump starts the full graduated cylinder of injection of drawing water, while laser ranging module 304 measures height of water level, works as height of water level For 0 when, close vacuum water pump 309, measurement count adds 1;
Step 2-4, repeat step 2 and step 3, up to the generation of no desorption gas, or manually stop.
Above-mentioned whole controlled by data collecting system is completed.It is whether reliable for the ease of artificial effect automatic measured data, The draw water every time gas of discharge of vacuum pump can inject gas collection measuring cylinder.The increased gas volume of gas collection measuring cylinder and oneself are manually read at any time Whether the data of dynamic measurement correspond to.
It is the big graduated cylinder of volume capacity with reference to figure 4, or several groups of graduated cylinders and is composed in series, the body of gas is measured for drainage Product device, manually reads the height of draining, is gas volume highly with cross section product.
To control and measure subsystem using microcontroller as core with reference to figure 5, control include vacuum pump, three spindle clamping units, Thermostat warmer, vacuum water pump, 2/2-way valve, two-bit triplet valve etc., measurement include vacuum, gas pressure Power, thermostat temperature, the triaxial pressure of three spindle clamping units, ranging, the data etc. of atmospheric pressure and temperature.
When carrying out adsorption/desorption experiment to coal or shale samples using said system, overall process comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the airtight test of total system, it is ensured that system is working properly;
Step 2, the step 1-1 with reference to the present invention does the adsorption experiment of coal or shale samples to step 1-4;
Step 3, desorption rate dynamic measurement subsystem measurement ready state, referring to step 2-1;
Step 4, total gas flow rate graduated cylinder is filled with water to 0 scale;
Step 5, by coal bed gas and the gas outlet 212 of shale gas adsorption/desorption analog subsystem(See Fig. 2)It is connected to desorption rate Dynamic measurement subsystem(See Fig. 3)Air intake, desorption rate dynamic measurement subsystem vacuum pump draw water exhaust outlet connection To the air intake of collection tolerance graduated cylinder;
Step 6, start automatic measurement and control system, carry out coal or shale samples desorption experiment(Referring to step 1-5), control system By the speed of real-time collection gas desorption(Referring to step 2-1 to step 2-4);
Step 7, host computer records measurement data in real time, and draws desorption rate and desorb the curve of content, waits desorption rate small After the value of setting, system is automatically stopped, or manual intervention stops;
Step 8, it is whether consistent compared with self registering data manually to read total gas desorption amount of gas collection measuring cylinder, if result one Cause, then it is correct to automatically process result, needs to check failure if inconsistent, fixes a breakdown.
Host computer will export analysis result according to measurement result.
Obviously, described embodiment is part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention's Elements and features described in one drawing or one embodiment can be with one or more other attached drawings or embodiment In the elements and features that shows be combined.It should be noted that for purposes of clarity, eliminated and nothing of the present invention in attached drawing and explanation Close, component known to persons of ordinary skill in the art and the expression and description of processing.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ability Domain those of ordinary skill all other embodiments obtained on the premise of not making the creative labor, belong to the present invention The scope of protection.

Claims (4)

1. the invention discloses a kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device, including adsorption/desorption Analog subsystem, gas circuit subsystem, gas parsing dynamic monitoring subsystem, control and data acquisition board, data acquisition and analysis 5 subsystems such as subsystem, it is characterised in that:Coal seam or shale can be simulated under the conditions of different crustal stress, different temperatures etc. Gas absorption/desorption process, by real time computer control, automatic record, analysis coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption rule.
2. coal bed gas according to claim 1 and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device, adsorption/desorption The absorption of hydrocarbon gas and desorption process, gas circuit subsystem are led for switching gas under analog subsystem simulation nature occurrence condition Path, the volume and speed of gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem measurement parsing gas, control and data acquisition board are used to control Each subsystem and gathered data are made, and data are uploaded to host computer.
3. gas desorption dynamic monitoring subsystem according to claim 1 is passed by distance measuring sensor, atmospheric pressure and temperature Sensor, vacuum water suction pump, saturated salt sump, graduated cylinder composition, using the volume for repeating draining and water-filling method measurement desorption gas And speed.
4. coal bed gas according to claim 1 and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device, it is characterized in that: Vacuum pump draws water the gas injection gas collection measuring cylinder of discharge every time, and whether be applied not only to artificial effect automatic measured data reliable, Available for focusing on desorption gas.
CN201610893417.4A 2016-10-13 2016-10-13 A kind of coal bed gas and shale gas adsorption/desorption automatic measuring method and device Pending CN107941650A (en)

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CN109540735A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-03-29 国家地质实验测试中心 A kind of shale gas-bearing property comprehensive analysis device and its method
CN109959578A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-07-02 江苏城工建设科技有限公司 A kind of test equipment and its test method for rock gas High Pressure Absorption
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CN110514748A (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 The conversion of shale gas preservation and isotope response simulation device and method
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CN110486005A (en) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A method of shale gas well dessert layer for identification
CN110514748A (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 The conversion of shale gas preservation and isotope response simulation device and method
CN110514748B (en) * 2018-05-21 2022-05-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Shale gas occurrence conversion and isotope response simulation device and method
CN108535135B (en) * 2018-05-24 2023-08-15 中国地质大学(北京) Experimental system and method for measuring gas adsorption-diffusion-displacement
CN108535135A (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-14 中国地质大学(北京) Experimental system and method for measuring gas absorption-diffusion-displacement
CN108593871B (en) * 2018-06-15 2020-07-17 中国石油大学(北京) Experimental method for representing occurrence state of water in coal/shale and application
CN108593871A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-09-28 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of characterization the water experimental method of occurrence status and application in coal/shale
CN108896436A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-27 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 A kind of methane normal pressure adsorbance measurement system of coal
CN111175471B (en) * 2018-11-12 2022-06-24 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Rock debris logging method
CN111175471A (en) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-19 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Rock debris logging method
CN109959578A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-07-02 江苏城工建设科技有限公司 A kind of test equipment and its test method for rock gas High Pressure Absorption
CN109959578B (en) * 2019-01-08 2024-04-30 江苏城工建设科技有限公司 Testing instrument for rock gas high-pressure adsorption and testing method thereof
CN109540735A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-03-29 国家地质实验测试中心 A kind of shale gas-bearing property comprehensive analysis device and its method
CN109540735B (en) * 2019-01-15 2023-12-26 国家地质实验测试中心 Shale gas-containing comprehensive analysis device and method
CN111521516A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-08-11 南通市飞宇石油科技开发有限公司 Coal body gas adsorption and strain test system
CN111650031A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-09-11 长安大学 Simulation and simulation experiment method for detection device for accurately measuring gas content of shale

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