CN107937002A - A kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus and method containing input and output material - Google Patents
A kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus and method containing input and output material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937002A CN107937002A CN201711446405.8A CN201711446405A CN107937002A CN 107937002 A CN107937002 A CN 107937002A CN 201711446405 A CN201711446405 A CN 201711446405A CN 107937002 A CN107937002 A CN 107937002A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus and method containing input and output material, including：Coal locking tank, reactor body and burnt locking tank, wherein, the feed inlet of the coal locking tank is connected with inlet valve, first pressure control valve is provided with the coal locking tank, the top of the reactor body is ellipsoid structure, and middle part is annular barrel structure, and bottom is pyramidal structure；Jiao's locking tank is equipped with second pressure control valve.Annular canister is used in the middle part of reactor body of the present invention, top uses ellipsoid structure, bottom uses pyramidal structure, its is pressure-resistant and heat-resisting ability is stronger, discharging is smooth, is applicable not only to low pressure and hyperbaric environment and is suitable for low temperature and high temperature environment, the intermediate bin of feed inlet and outlet, belong to locked position structure type, ensure that the air-tightness and resistance to pressure of reactor well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petrochemical technology field, and in particular to a kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus and side containing input and output material
Method, more particularly to a kind of fast pyrogenation reaction unit of down-flow fluidized bed using ECT.
Background technology
China is a rich coal, oil starvation, the country of few gas, and the energy resource structure feature in China determines its energy mainly with coal
Based on resource.Middle low-order coal occupies more than the 55% of the coal resources proven reserve in China, at the same middle low order coal contain it is abundant
Petroleum resources, directly burning not only causes energy waste, also results in environmental pollution, therefore low-order coal in how effectively utilizing
The problem of China's energy resource structure can not only be improved, alleviate energy scarcity, also with huge economic value.
At present, the technology of low-order coal is mainly directly burning, gasification, destructive distillation and fast speed heat in existing processing on the market
Solution.However, first, the petroleum resources directly to burn in not only wasting in low-order coal, also results in certain environmental problem.Second,
The product of gasification technology is generally left in 700-2500kcal mainly based on gaseous fuel and its gaseous fuel calorific value is relatively low
It is right.The fuel gas with low heat value that gasification technology produces is not easy to long-distance transportation, is only applicable to use nearby, while in its gasification
The limitation of the high temperature tar of the generation technology always.3rd, the product of retorting technique is mainly based on upgraded coal, processing time
It is long, high energy consumption.Therefore, fast pyrolysis technology is the most effective technology of petroleum resources in low-order coal in current extraction.
Fast pyrogenation refers under conditions of anaerobic or limit oxygen, material is rapidly heated to pyrolysis required temperature so that contain
Chemical bond rupture reaction rapidly occurs for carbon macromolecule, and the working environment of high temperature and pressure can be to the generating rate of raising thermal decomposition product
Improve a lot.Fast pyrolysis reactor is generally divided into the reaction units such as fluid bed, moving bed, revolving bed, and profit at present
The requirement of the Temperature Distribution in temperature field and heating rate is realized with having two methods of carrier and carrier-free, but uses heat to carry
The flashing reactor of body be related to carrier and raw material it is uniformly distributed, mix and react, later downstream vector and semicoke product divide
From, preheat again, a series of complex technique such as convey again, cause failure rate higher, the overall thermal efficiency reduces, and equipment investment is big.
Have and use carrier-free indirect heat transfer reactor, but heat transfer efficiency is low, large-scale is more difficult, and is more to use rectangular section
Reactor, the reactor of this form is suitable only under the operating mode of middle low temperature, normal pressure and low pressure, therefore, for both can be with
Meet low-temp low-pressure pyrolysis and can meet the current still blank of fast unit of high temperature and pressure.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus containing input and output material and side
Method, reactor body middle part use annular canister, and top uses ellipsoid structure, and bottom uses pyramidal structure, its is pressure-resistant and resistance to height
Warm ability is stronger, and discharging is smooth, is applicable not only to low pressure and hyperbaric environment and is suitable for low temperature and high temperature environment, input and output material
The intermediate bin of mouth, belongs to locked position structure type, ensure that the air-tightness and resistance to pressure of reactor well.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus containing input and output material, including：Coal locking tank, reactor body and burnt locking tank, its
In
The feed inlet of the coal locking tank is connected with inlet valve, and first pressure control valve is provided with the coal locking tank, described
First pressure control valve is used to control the pressure in the coal locking tank；
Connected between the discharge port of the coal locking tank and the feed inlet of the reactor body by high-temperature feeding valve；
The top of the reactor body is ellipsoid structure, and middle part is annular barrel structure, and bottom is pyramidal structure；
Connected between the semicoke outlet of the reactor body and the burnt locking tank by high-temperature discharging valve, on Jiao's locking tank
Equipped with second pressure control valve, the second pressure control valve is used to control the pressure in the burnt locking tank；
The discharge port of Jiao's locking tank is connected with high-temperature discharge valve.
Further, the coal locking tank is identical with the structure of the burnt locking tank, includes：Cylindrical portion, be arranged at institute
State the sphere portion on cylindrical structure top and be arranged at the tapered portion of the lower part；
The inlet valve is connected with coal store.
Further, a diameter of 1-5m of the coal locking tank and the burnt locking tank, is highly 1-3m, and by 3-
The steel plate of 200mm is made, cone angle≤90 ° of the tapered portion.
Further, further include：Radiant tube, the radiant tube are arranged in the reactor body, the radiation pipe
There is a multilayer, every layer has and is staggered between two layers multiple, adjacent of radiant tubes；
The radiant tube is made of heat-resistant steel, and the caliber of the radiant tube is 100-600mm, and the pipe thickness of the radiant tube is
8-15mm。
Further, the feeding mouth of the reactor body has multiple, is uniformly arranged in the ellipsoid structure；It is described
The discharge port of reactor body have it is multiple, it is corresponding with the feeding mouth of the reactor body and be uniformly arranged on the pyramidal structure
Bottom.
Further, further include：Multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, it is uniformly arranged on the external annulus bottom of the annular barrel structure
Portion.
Further, further include：Drapery panel, the drapery panel be arranged in the ellipsoid structure and with the reactor
The feed inlet of body corresponds to.
Further, the region that the ellipsoid structure is formed is cloth area, and the region that the annular barrel structure is formed is
Reaction zone, the region that the pyramidal structure is formed is discharge zone.
Further, the external annulus of the annular barrel structure and internal ring wall are made of the steel plate of 6-30mm, the external annulus
Distance with the internal ring wall is 1-5m, and the central diameter of the annular barrel structure is 3-20mm, the internal ring wall and described outer
The outside of ring wall is coated with the thermal insulation material of 200-400mm, cone angle≤90 ° of the pyramidal structure.
Further, the absolute pressure in the reactor body is 0-600KPa, and temperature is 500-1000 DEG C.
A kind of method that pulverized coal pyrolysis is carried out using the high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus containing input and output material, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
1）Inlet valve is opened, the coal dust of coal store enters in coal locking tank, closes inlet valve, using first pressure control valve by coal
Pressure in locking tank is adjusted to identical with the pressure in the reactor body；
2）Open high-temperature feeding valve, coal dust enters reactor body, after drapery panel cloth under drop down onto reaction zone, and be staggered and set
The radiant tube put is broken up again, and pyrolytic reaction quickly occurs in reactor body for coal dust, generates semicoke and pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis
Gas is discharged by pyrolysis gas outlet；
3）High-temperature discharging valve is opened, semicoke drains into burnt locking tank by semicoke outlet, and semicoke closes high temperature after entering burnt locking tank
Discharge valve, opens pressure-control valve, and the pressure in the burnt locking tank is adjusted to normal pressure, high-temperature discharge valve is then opened, arranges
Go out semicoke.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
（1）Annular canister use in the middle part of reactor body, top uses ellipsoid structure, and bottom uses pyramidal structure, its is pressure-resistant with
Heat-resisting ability is stronger, and discharging is smooth；
（2）It is applicable not only to low pressure and hyperbaric environment and is suitable for low temperature and high temperature environment；
（3）The intermediate bin of feed inlet and outlet（Coal locking tank and burnt locking tank）, belong to locked position structure type, ensure that reaction well
The air-tightness and resistance to pressure of device；
（4）Relative to existing heat carrier rapid pyrolysis reactor, which simplifies structure, reduces manufacture cost, improves material
Expect utilization rate；
（5）Whole system manufactures and installation is simple, continuous operating time length；
（6）Reactor can realize variation and maximization according to production-scale size, and system is easily industrialized；
（7）The gas conveying of high temperature and pressure can meet the requirement of downstream process；
（8）Reactor can adjust internal temperature and pressure according to the requirement of thermal decomposition product.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rapid pyrolysis apparatus overall structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is to be of the invention along A-A faces sectional view.
Wherein, 1. storage bin；2. inlet valve；3. coal locking tank；4. high-temperature feeding valve；5. distributing device；6. heat accumulating type radiates
Pipe；7. reactor body；8. pyrolysis gas outlet；9. high-temperature discharging valve；10. burnt locking tank；11. high-temperature discharge valve；12. coal closes
Lock canister incoming gas valve；13. coal locking tank relief valve；14. burnt locking canister incoming gas valve；15. burnt locking tank relief valve.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, with reference to specific embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail.It note that the embodiments described below is exemplary, be only used for explaining the present invention, and
It is not considered as limiting the invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to document institute in the art
The technology or condition of description are carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, being can
With conventional products that are commercially available.
Answer the requirement of downstream process, pyrolysis gas needs to realize the conveying of high temperature and pressure, but existing rectangular section at present
No heat carrier rapid pyrolysis reactor is suitable only for low-pressure delivery, it is impossible to meets process requirements, therefore the present invention is to actual life
Production has great importance, and is contrasted with existing rectangular section without heat carrier rapid pyrolysis reactor, its scope of application is wider
Structure is more stable and reliable.In contrast bearing capacity is stronger for the structure type of cartridge type first, and evenly, stability is more for structure stress
Good, next greatly simplify the complexity of structure, improve stock utilization, greatly reduce manufacture cost, and can expire
The working environment of foot more high internal pressure and higher temperature.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus containing input and output material,
Fig. 1 is rapid pyrolysis apparatus overall structure figure of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, including：Coal locking tank, reactor body and burnt locking
Tank, wherein the feed inlet of the coal locking tank is connected with inlet valve, is provided with first pressure control valve, institute on the coal locking tank
First pressure control valve is stated to be used to control the pressure in the coal locking tank；Specifically, the first pressure control valve includes：Coal
Locking tank relief valve and coal locking canister incoming gas valve.Lead between the discharge port of the coal locking tank and the feed inlet of the reactor body
Cross the connection of high temperature inlet valve；The top of the reactor body is ellipsoid structure, and middle part is annular barrel structure, and bottom is taper
Structure；Connected between the semicoke outlet of the reactor body and the burnt locking tank by high-temperature discharging valve, Jiao's locking tank
Second pressure control valve is equipped with, the second pressure control valve is used to control the pressure in the burnt locking tank；Further,
The second pressure control valve includes：Burnt locking canister incoming gas valve and burnt locking tank relief valve.The discharge port of Jiao's locking tank with
High-temperature discharge valve connects, and the inlet valve is connected with coal store.
Technological process after equipment stable operation is as follows：It is first turned on inlet valve, the coal dust in storage bin passes through inlet valve
Into coal locking tank, be then shut off inlet valve, open coal locking canister incoming gas valve into coal locking tank pressurising until its pressure with it is anti-
Coal locking canister incoming gas valve is closed after answering device body interior pressure equal and stops pressurising, opens high-temperature feeding valve at this time, coal dust passes through
Feed inlet enters in reactor.Then, high-temperature feeding valve is closed, and coal locking tank relief valve is opened, and is laid down in storehouse and is closed after pressure
Relief valve, opens inlet valve and is fed next time, repeat above-mentioned action.Coal dust, which enters in reactor body, be pyrolyzed instead
Should, produce semicoke and pyrolysis gas, high-temperature discharging valve and high-temperature discharge valve and be closed, and the pressure of burnt locking tank with it is anti-
Answer device consistent.At this time, high-temperature discharging valve is first turned on, until semicoke product closes high-temperature discharging valve after falling on burnt locking tank, so
Burnt locking tank relief valve is opened afterwards so that burnt locking tank pressure release to normal pressure, is then shut off burnt locking tank relief valve, then opens high
Warm baiting valve exports semicoke, is automatically closed after semicoke export, then opens burnt locking canister incoming gas valve to burnt locking tank pressurising, arrives
It is automatically closed after pressure value is consistent with reactor, then opens high-temperature discharging 9 and carry out discharging next time, and so on operation.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, which is designed using cylindrical structure, from upper in reactor body
Sub-material area, reaction zone and the part of discharge zone three are formd under and, wherein, the region that the ellipsoid structure is formed is cloth
Area, the region that the annular barrel structure is formed be reaction zone, and the region of pyramidal structure formation is discharge zone, reactor outer shroud
Wall bears the effect of internal pressure, and radiant tube and internal ring wall are respectively subjected to the effect of external pressure, in order to reach the technological requirement of high pressure, reaction
The steel plate thickness of device outer shroud barrel and inner ring barrel, takes 6~30mm, top uses ellipsoid end socket according to pressure and diameter difference
Structure type, bottom use conical head structure not only can be with resistance to compression but also can be smooth in order to the whereabouts of material, its cone angle≤90 °；
The heat insulating refractory material that 200mm~400mm is laid with outside reactor body is used for the dissipation for preventing heat, and the central diameter of reactor is big
Small is 3~20m, can specifically be adjusted according to production scale, height for reactor should meet coal dust in reactor residence time will
It can be 6~50m to ask, and the spacing of inner ring and outer shroud is 1~5m；
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, coal locking tank and burnt locking tank belong to locked position structure type, the coal locking tank with
The structure of Jiao's locking tank is identical, includes：Cylindrical portion, the sphere portion for being arranged at the cylindrical structure top and it is arranged at institute
The tapered portion of lower part is stated, for adapting to the environment of high temperature and pressure, top uses sphere portion end enclosure structure form, and bottom uses taper
Portion's end enclosure structure not only with resistance to compression but also can ensure the smooth whereabouts of material, and the cone angle of tapered portion is preferably≤90 °；Coal locking tank
1~5m of barrel diameter, 1~3m of height, storehouse cylinder steel plate wall thickness is 3~20mm；Burnt locking tank 1~5m of barrel diameter, height 1~
3m, storehouse cylinder steel plate wall thickness is 4~30mm；Coal locking tank is corresponded in reactor head along annulus with phase isogonism with feed inlet
Degree is evenly arranged, its number can be set to 4~12.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, feed inlet is located at sub-material area, i.e., at the top of reactor body, in reactor head
Along in annular top anchor ring through center line or between center line and Section of Outer Ring Line, cloth is disperseed with identical even angle
Put so that distributing device is easier uniformly to be disperseed material.For sub-material area, inner wall surface thereof is in ellipsoid surface structure to adapt to
High pressure operating mode；Distributing device is located at feed inlet lower part, its center line is corresponding with feed inlet center line, its quantity is according to the number of feed inlet
Depending on amount, the material of whereabouts can be uniformly distributed to each region by distributing device；The number of feed inlet and distributing device can be set to 4
~12.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 is of the invention along A-A faces sectional view, as shown in Fig. 2, the radiant tube
It is arranged in the reactor body, the radiant tube has a multilayer, and every layer has and staggeredly sets between two layers multiple, adjacent of radiant tubes
Put, main heating source of the multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube as coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus, along body height direction in reactor
It is distributed with same intervals, and every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube is evenly arranged along certain angle interval in the horizontal direction so that anti-
Area is answered to form one or more uniform temperature field to meet to be pyrolyzed required temperature, and arrangement staggeredly has up and down
Beneficial to material in dropping process further being uniformly dispersed.In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, radiant tube
Caliber is 100~600mm, in vertical direction adjacent two layers radiant tube carry out interlaced arrangement, and upper and lower two layers of radiant tube it
Between distance be preferably 2000~3000mm, while the temperature of each radiant tube can flexibly be adjusted according to the demand of downstream product
It is whole, so as to obtain reliable and stable temperature field, and then improve the quality and yield of product.The number of plies of radiant tube should meet that coal dust is anti-
The requirement of institute's calorific requirement and coal dust fall time is answered, can arrange 6~12 layers from up to down, per layer number according to actually required heat
To set, generally 8~60 or other.Radiant tube is made of heat resisting cast steel, to adapt to long term high temperature operating mode, according to pressure
Different with radiation pipe diameter, wall thickness selects 8~15mm.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, present invention additionally comprises multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, it is uniformly arranged on the ring
The external annulus bottom of shape barrel structure.When coal dust enter reactor body in, by distributing device uniform distribution, then pass through high temperature
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, coal dust contact in dropping process with the high-temperature gas in reactor and radiant tube, and heat promptly occurs
Solution reaction, generates pyrolysis gas and semicoke, high temperature pyrolysis gas are exported by pyrolysis gas outlet, and the semicoke that final reaction produces is fallen on instead
The lower end discharge zone of device is answered,
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged on the side lower part of reactor body, the top of discharge zone, in heat
Solve in reaction process, produce substantial amounts of pyrolysis gas so that the pressure in the reactor gradually rises, larger internal pressure, which drives, to be caused
Pyrolysis gas is quickly exported from outlet.When pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged on discharge zone, particle free-falling from top to bottom have passed through whole
A reactor, makes its pyrolysis more complete, sets pyrolysis gas outlet relative to top and middle part, reduces the carrying particle in gas
Number, improves the purity of gas.Pyrolysis gas outlet will set at least one or multiple, and particular number can combine pyrolysis tolerance and remove
Dirt device ability and determine.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, discharge zone is located in the region of pyramidal structure formation of the lower part of reactor,
Pyramidal structure is easy to collect the semicoke product of pyrolytic reaction.Coke outlet is arranged on the bottom of pyramidal structure, semicoke by dead weight and
By coke outlet export reactor, the number of coke outlet is preferably 4~12 for the comprehensive function of upper strata semicoke gravity.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, all solder joints of fast pyrogenation equipment are welded using air-tightness, and charging and discharging are complete
Portion is high temperature resistant, high-tension apparatus；The absolute pressure P that can be born in reactor cylinder body：0~600KPa, by adjusting radiant tube
Temperature realize the temperature control of reactor, the temperature in cylinder can obtain T:500~1000 DEG C.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of high pressure coal dust fast pyrogenation dress of use containing input and output material
The method for carrying out pulverized coal pyrolysis is put, is comprised the following steps：
1）Inlet valve is opened, the coal dust of coal store enters in coal locking tank, closes inlet valve, using first pressure control valve by coal
Pressure in locking tank is adjusted to identical with the pressure in the reactor body；
2）Open high-temperature feeding valve, coal dust enters reactor body, after drapery panel cloth under drop down onto reaction zone, and be staggered and set
The radiant tube put is broken up again, and pyrolytic reaction quickly occurs in reactor body for coal dust, generates semicoke and pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis
Gas is discharged by pyrolysis gas outlet；
3）High-temperature discharging valve is opened, semicoke drains into burnt locking tank by semicoke outlet, and semicoke closes high temperature after entering burnt locking tank
Discharge valve, opens pressure-control valve, and the pressure in the burnt locking tank is adjusted to normal pressure, high-temperature discharge valve is then opened, arranges
Go out semicoke.
Of the invention a kind of high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus and method containing input and output material in summary, in reactor body
Portion uses ellipsoid structure using annular barrel structure, top, and bottom uses pyramidal structure, its is pressure-resistant and heat-resisting ability is stronger,
Discharging is smooth；It is applicable not only to low pressure and hyperbaric environment and is suitable for low temperature and high temperature environment；The centre of feed inlet and outlet
Storehouse, belongs to locked position structure type, ensure that the air-tightness of reactor, and resistance to pressure well；It is fast relative to existing heat carrier
Fast pyrolysis reactor, the reactor simplify structure, reduce manufacture cost, improve stock utilization；Whole system manufactures and installation
Simply, continuous operating time is grown；Reactor can realize variation and maximization according to production-scale size, and system is easy to real
Now industrialize；The gas conveying of high temperature and pressure can meet the requirement of downstream process；Reactor can be according to the requirement of thermal decomposition product
Adjust internal temperature and pressure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for description purpose, and cannot
It is interpreted as indicating or implies relative importance or imply the quantity of the technical characteristic indicated by indicating.Thus, define " the
One ", one or more this feature can be expressed or be implicitly included to the feature of " second ".
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects
Connect or be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature
It is that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature are directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
Combined in an appropriate manner in a or multiple embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this area
Art personnel can be tied the different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or exemplary feature
Close and combine.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification, meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the think of according to the application
Think, in specific embodiments and applications there will be changes.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. high pressure coal dust rapid pyrolysis apparatus containing input and output material, it is characterised in that including：Coal locking tank, reactor body With burnt locking tank, whereinThe feed inlet of the coal locking tank is connected with inlet valve, and first pressure control valve is provided with the coal locking tank, described First pressure control valve is used to control the pressure in the coal locking tank；Connected between the discharge port of the coal locking tank and the feed inlet of the reactor body by high-temperature feeding valve；The top of the reactor body is ellipsoid structure, and middle part is annular barrel structure, and bottom is pyramidal structure；Connected between the semicoke outlet of the reactor body and the burnt locking tank by high-temperature discharging valve, on Jiao's locking tank Equipped with second pressure control valve, the second pressure control valve is used to control the pressure in the burnt locking tank；The discharge port of Jiao's locking tank is connected with high-temperature discharge valve.
- 2. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the structure of the coal locking tank and the burnt locking tank It is identical, include：Cylindrical portion, the sphere portion for being arranged at the cylindrical structure top and the tapered portion for being arranged at the lower part；The inlet valve is connected with coal store；A diameter of 1-5m of the coal locking tank and the burnt locking tank, is highly 1-3m, and is made of the steel plate of 3-200mm, Cone angle≤90 ° of the tapered portion.
- 3. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：Radiant tube, the radiant tube are arranged at institute State in reactor body, the radiant tube has a multilayer, and every layer has and is staggered between two layers multiple, adjacent of radiant tubes；The radiant tube is made of heat-resistant steel, and the caliber of the radiant tube is 100-600mm, and the pipe thickness of the radiant tube is 8-15mm。
- 4. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the feeding mouth of the reactor body have it is multiple, It is even to be arranged in the ellipsoid structure；The discharge port of the reactor body has multiple, the pan feeding with the reactor body Mouth is corresponding and is uniformly arranged on the bottom of the pyramidal structure.
- 5. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：Multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, it is uniformly arranged In the external annulus bottom of the annular barrel structure.
- 6. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：Drapery panel, the drapery panel are arranged at institute State in ellipsoid structure and corresponding with the feed inlet of the reactor body.
- 7. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the region that the ellipsoid structure is formed is cloth Area, the region that the annular barrel structure is formed is reaction zone, and the region that the pyramidal structure is formed is discharge zone.
- 8. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described annular barrel structure external annulus and internal ring wall by The steel plate of 6-30mm is made, and the distance of the external annulus and the internal ring wall be 1-5m, the central diameter of the annular barrel structure for for 3-20mm, the outside of the internal ring wall and described external annulus are coated with the thermal insulation material of 200-400mm, the pyramidal structure Cone angle≤90 °.
- 9. pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the absolute pressure in the reactor body is 0- 600KPa, temperature are 500-1000 DEG C.
- A kind of 10. method that pulverized coal pyrolysis is carried out using claim 1-9 any one of them pyrolysis installation, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：1）Inlet valve is opened, the coal dust of coal store enters in coal locking tank, closes inlet valve, using first pressure control valve by coal Pressure in locking tank is adjusted to identical with the pressure in the reactor body；2）Open high-temperature feeding valve, coal dust enters reactor body, after drapery panel cloth under drop down onto reaction zone, and be staggered and set The radiant tube put is broken up again, and pyrolytic reaction quickly occurs in reactor body for coal dust, generates semicoke and pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis Gas is discharged by pyrolysis gas outlet；3）High-temperature discharging valve is opened, semicoke drains into burnt locking tank by semicoke outlet, and semicoke closes high temperature after entering burnt locking tank Discharge valve, opens pressure-control valve, and the pressure in the burnt locking tank is adjusted to normal pressure, high-temperature discharge valve is then opened, arranges Go out semicoke.
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