CN107935607A - 一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料 - Google Patents

一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料 Download PDF

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CN107935607A
CN107935607A CN201711120761.0A CN201711120761A CN107935607A CN 107935607 A CN107935607 A CN 107935607A CN 201711120761 A CN201711120761 A CN 201711120761A CN 107935607 A CN107935607 A CN 107935607A
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oxide
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赵大鹏
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Bengbu Harvest Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及电子设备中材料优化技术领域，公开了一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，主要以氧化铝为原料，添加了纳米氧化硅以及稀土氧化物，经浇注成型制备氧化铝轻质隔热耐火材料，因其高气孔率、低体 积密度、小热容量、低热导率、抗腐蚀和耐高温的特点，具有机械强度高、化学稳定性好、使用温度高的特点，强度、延伸率、硬度、电导率分别达到了650MPa、12.6%、138HB、30.5%IACS。

Description

一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料
技术领域
本发明属于电子设备中材料优化技术领域，具体涉及一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料。
背景技术
万用表是一种带有整流器的、可以测量交、直流电流、电压及电阻等多种电学参量的磁电式仪表。对于每一种电学量,一般都有几个量程。又称多用电表或简称多用表。万用表是由磁电系电流表(表头),测量电路和选择开关等组成的。通过选择开关的变换,可方便地对多种电学参量进行测量。其电路计算的主要依据是闭合电路欧姆定律。万用表种类很多,使用时应根据不同的要求进行选择。
数字万用表亦称为数字多用表(DMM)，其种类繁多，型号各异。每个电子工作者都希望有一块较理想的数字万用表。选择数字万用表的原则很多，有时甚至会因人而异。但对于手持式(袖珍式)数字万用表而言，大致应具备以下特点:显示清晰，准确度高，分辨力强，测试范围宽，测试功能齐全，抗干扰能力强，保护电路比较完善，外形美观、大方、操作简便、灵活、可靠性好，功耗较低，便于携带、价格适中等等。
铝合金通常使用铜、锌、锰、硅、镁等合金元素，20世纪初由德国人Alfred Wilm发明，对飞机发展帮助极大，一次大战后德国铝合金成分被列为国家机密。跟普通的碳钢相比有更轻及耐腐蚀的性能，但抗腐蚀性不如纯铝。在干净、干燥的环境下铝合金的表面会形成保护的氧化层。铝合金是工业中应用最广泛的一类有色金属结构材料，铝合金应用在电子元件上具有良好的性能而被广泛采用。现有的万用表使用的金属原件成分价格高、质量笨重，隔热耐火效果欠佳，因此需要一种全新的材料来替代现有的金属材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，具有机械强度高、化学稳定性好、使用温度高的特点。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，按照质量百分比计由以下成分制成：纳米氧化硅占3.4-3.6%、结合剂占2.0-2.3%、氧化镁占1.2-1.4%、氧化锌占0.8-1.0%、二氧化钛占0.6-0.8%、稀土氧化物占0.1-0.2%、剩余为氧化铝，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、纳米氧化硅、二氧化钛、稀土氧化物的顺序将上述成分添加到熔炉中，熔炼原则按照投入一种熔化完全后投入另一种的原则进行，扒渣2-3次后继续精炼30-40分钟，加入结合剂混合均匀后进行浇铸；
（2）浇铸后采用逐段退火方式，第一段退火温度为650-680℃，退火时间为3-4小时，第二段退火温度为550-560℃，退火时间为2-3小时，第三段退火温度为350-400℃，退火时间为5-6小时，然后直接进行水淬，在养护箱中以40-50℃的温度养护至可以脱模，脱模后在150-170℃下烘干，烘干时长为24-30小时，烘干后在1550-1650℃下煅烧2-3小时即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述稀土氧化物按照质量百分比计含有以下成分：氧化铈占30-35%、氧化镧占20-25%、氧化钇占15-25%、剩余为氧化钪。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述结合剂中二氧化硅、铝溶胶、碳酸钙、氯化钾的比例为2-3：7-9：1.4-1.6：0.3-0.4。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述纳米氧化硅粒径大小在10-100纳米之间。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：为了解决现有的万用表在电子元件材质上存在的问题，本发明提供了一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，主要以氧化铝为原料，添加了纳米氧化硅以及稀土氧化物，经浇注成型制备氧化铝轻质隔热耐火材料，因其高气孔率、低体 积密度、小热容量、低热导率、抗腐蚀和耐高温的特点，具有机械强度高、化学稳定性好、使用温度高的特点，强度、延伸率、硬度、电导率分别达到了650MPa、12.6%、138HB、30.5%IACS。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，按照质量百分比计由以下成分制成：纳米氧化硅占3.4%、结合剂占2.0%、氧化镁占1.2%、氧化锌占0.8%、二氧化钛占0.6%、稀土氧化物占0.1%、剩余为氧化铝，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、纳米氧化硅、二氧化钛、稀土氧化物的顺序将上述成分添加到熔炉中，熔炼原则按照投入一种熔化完全后投入另一种的原则进行，扒渣2次后继续精炼30分钟，加入结合剂混合均匀后进行浇铸；
（2）浇铸后采用逐段退火方式，第一段退火温度为650℃，退火时间为3小时，第二段退火温度为550℃，退火时间为2小时，第三段退火温度为350℃，退火时间为5小时，然后直接进行水淬，在养护箱中以40℃的温度养护至可以脱模，脱模后在150℃下烘干，烘干时长为24小时，烘干后在1550℃下煅烧2小时即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述稀土氧化物按照质量百分比计含有以下成分：氧化铈占30%、氧化镧占20%、氧化钇占15%、剩余为氧化钪。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述结合剂中二氧化硅、铝溶胶、碳酸钙、氯化钾的比例为2：7：1.4：0.3。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述纳米氧化硅粒径大小在10-100纳米之间。
实施例2
一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，按照质量百分比计由以下成分制成：纳米氧化硅占3.5%、结合剂占2.1%、氧化镁占1.3%、氧化锌占0.9%、二氧化钛占0.7%、稀土氧化物占0.15%、剩余为氧化铝，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、纳米氧化硅、二氧化钛、稀土氧化物的顺序将上述成分添加到熔炉中，熔炼原则按照投入一种熔化完全后投入另一种的原则进行，扒渣2次后继续精炼35分钟，加入结合剂混合均匀后进行浇铸；
（2）浇铸后采用逐段退火方式，第一段退火温度为660℃，退火时间为3.5小时，第二段退火温度为555℃，退火时间为2.5小时，第三段退火温度为380℃，退火时间为5.5小时，然后直接进行水淬，在养护箱中以45℃的温度养护至可以脱模，脱模后在160℃下烘干，烘干时长为26小时，烘干后在1600℃下煅烧2.5小时即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述稀土氧化物按照质量百分比计含有以下成分：氧化铈占33%、氧化镧占23%、氧化钇占20%、剩余为氧化钪。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述结合剂中二氧化硅、铝溶胶、碳酸钙、氯化钾的比例为2.5：8：1.5：0.35。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述纳米氧化硅粒径大小在10-100纳米之间。
实施例3
一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，按照质量百分比计由以下成分制成：纳米氧化硅占3.6%、结合剂占2.3%、氧化镁占1.4%、氧化锌占1.0%、二氧化钛占0.8%、稀土氧化物占0.2%、剩余为氧化铝，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、纳米氧化硅、二氧化钛、稀土氧化物的顺序将上述成分添加到熔炉中，熔炼原则按照投入一种熔化完全后投入另一种的原则进行，扒渣3次后继续精炼40分钟，加入结合剂混合均匀后进行浇铸；
（2）浇铸后采用逐段退火方式，第一段退火温度为680℃，退火时间为4小时，第二段退火温度为560℃，退火时间为3小时，第三段退火温度为400℃，退火时间为6小时，然后直接进行水淬，在养护箱中以50℃的温度养护至可以脱模，脱模后在170℃下烘干，烘干时长为30小时，烘干后在1650℃下煅烧3小时即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述稀土氧化物按照质量百分比计含有以下成分：氧化铈占35%、氧化镧占25%、氧化钇占25%、剩余为氧化钪。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述结合剂中二氧化硅、铝溶胶、碳酸钙、氯化钾的比例为3：9：1.6：0.4。
作为对上述方案的进一步描述，所述纳米氧化硅粒径大小在10-100纳米之间。

Claims (4)

1.一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，其特征在于，按照质量百分比计由以下成分制成：纳米氧化硅占3.4-3.6%、结合剂占2.0-2.3%、氧化镁占1.2-1.4%、氧化锌占0.8-1.0%、二氧化钛占0.6-0.8%、稀土氧化物占0.1-0.2%、剩余为氧化铝，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）按照氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、纳米氧化硅、二氧化钛、稀土氧化物的顺序将上述成分添加到熔炉中，熔炼原则按照投入一种熔化完全后投入另一种的原则进行，扒渣2-3次后继续精炼30-40分钟，加入结合剂混合均匀后进行浇铸；
（2）浇铸后采用逐段退火方式，第一段退火温度为650-680℃，退火时间为3-4小时，第二段退火温度为550-560℃，退火时间为2-3小时，第三段退火温度为350-400℃，退火时间为5-6小时，然后直接进行水淬，在养护箱中以40-50℃的温度养护至可以脱模，脱模后在150-170℃下烘干，烘干时长为24-30小时，烘干后在1550-1650℃下煅烧2-3小时即可。
2.如权利要求1所述一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，其特征在于，所述稀土氧化物按照质量百分比计含有以下成分：氧化铈占30-35%、氧化镧占20-25%、氧化钇占15-25%、剩余为氧化钪。
3.如权利要求1所述一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，其特征在于，所述结合剂中二氧化硅、铝溶胶、碳酸钙、氯化钾的比例为2-3：7-9：1.4-1.6：0.3-0.4。
4.如权利要求1所述一种应用在万用表上的隔热轻质耐火材料，其特征在于，所述纳米氧化硅粒径大小在10-100纳米之间。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103492327A (zh) * 2011-04-13 2014-01-01 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 包括β氧化铝的耐火物体及其制造和使用方法
CN105399431A (zh) * 2014-08-21 2016-03-16 青岛炜烨锻压机械有限公司 一种轻质保温耐火材料及其制备工艺
CN106396731A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 长兴盛华耐火材料有限公司 一种隔热保温耐火材料及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103492327A (zh) * 2011-04-13 2014-01-01 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 包括β氧化铝的耐火物体及其制造和使用方法
CN105399431A (zh) * 2014-08-21 2016-03-16 青岛炜烨锻压机械有限公司 一种轻质保温耐火材料及其制备工艺
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