CN107931350B - A kind of Tapered Cup back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method - Google Patents
A kind of Tapered Cup back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107931350B CN107931350B CN201711432669.8A CN201711432669A CN107931350B CN 107931350 B CN107931350 B CN 107931350B CN 201711432669 A CN201711432669 A CN 201711432669A CN 107931350 B CN107931350 B CN 107931350B
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- lower die
- tapered cup
- velocity
- upper mold
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100327917 Caenorhabditis elegans chup-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/08—Dies or mandrels with section variable during extruding, e.g. for making tapered work; Controlling variation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Tapered Cups back and forth to fluctuate extrusion molding design method, (1) design squeezes the process program of the recombination velocity of upper mold, the recombination velocity for squeezing lower die, then it squeezes upper mold and squeezes lower die and reciprocal pressure forming is carried out to blank according to the speed of setting respectively, promote blank to be plastically deformed, reaches the shape of Tapered Cup design；(2) the equivalent strain amount for obtaining all deformation units of Tapered Cup identical cross-section, calculates the overall deformation uniformity of the section at any time；(3) with deformation uniformity and the minimum target of forming force, optimization squeezes the parameters such as upper mold recombination velocity, the fluctuation amplitude, the frequency that squeeze lower die recombination velocity；(4) according to the process program of optimal extruding upper mold recombination velocity, extruding lower die recombination velocity, process certification is carried out, obtains and deforms relatively uniform Tapered Cup.The present invention can effectively improve the deformation uniformity of Tapered Cup, while be conducive to reduce maximum equivalent strain, improve the deformability of Tapered Cup.
Description
Technical field
Background technique
The cone angle of general Tapered Cup is smaller, and wall thickness is relatively thin, and since processing hardening is serious in extrusion process, forming force is big, needs
It to be squeezed and be prepared by multi-pass.Simultaneously in extrusion process, the region that blank deforms is concentrated mainly on to be contacted with upper mold
Surface area, and the material in other regions is substantially at indeformable state, and the Tapered Cup deformation being prepared is very uneven
It is even.And in the technical process such as subsequent anneal, the defects of being easy to appear coarse-grain, mixed crystal, the properties of product of Tapered Cup are influenced.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Tapered Cups back and forth to fluctuate extrusion molding design method, passes through upper die and lower die
Reciprocal fluctuation extrusion molding, in succession increase blank surfaces externally and internally cumulative deformation, so that the deformation for improving Tapered Cup is uniform
Property, while being conducive to reduce maximum equivalent strain, improve the deformability of Tapered Cup.
To achieve the goals above, using following technical scheme: a kind of Tapered Cup back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method,
It is characterized by comprising following steps:
(1) design squeeze upper mold recombination velocity, squeeze lower die recombination velocity process program, then squeeze upper mold and
It squeezes lower die and reciprocal pressure forming is carried out to blank according to the speed of setting respectively, promote blank to be plastically deformed, reach cone
The shape of shape part design；
(2) the equivalent strain amount for obtaining Tapered Cup identical cross-section, calculates the overall deformation uniformity of the section at any time；
(3) with deformation uniformity and the minimum target of forming force, optimization squeezes upper mold recombination velocity, squeezes the compound speed of lower die
The fluctuation amplitude of degree, frequency parameter obtain and deform relatively uniform Tapered Cup.
It squeezes upper mold and squeezes the recombination velocity V of lower dieijIt is composed of the linear speed in multiple stages, function representation
Formula are as follows:Wherein, VijThe linear speed (mm/s) of-i-th j-th of stage discrete point, i-
The quantity for the stage linear function that recombination velocity includes sorts, the sequence of i-th of stage discrete point of j-, ni- i-th stage from
The sum of scatterplot, ai- i-th stage velocity amplitude (mm), ai-1- the (i-1)-th stage velocity amplitude (mm), ki- i-th rank
The function of state of section velocity amplitude, value 0 or -1 or 1 determine the direction of velocity amplitude；ki-1- the (i-1)-th stage speed vibration
The function of state of width, value 0 or -1 or 1 determine the direction of velocity amplitude.
The recombination velocity for squeezing lower die and the recombination velocity wave for squeezing upper mold intersect, when the vector side for squeezing lower die speed
To it is downward along extrusion axis when, the absolute value of the recombination velocity of upper mold is squeezed in the same cycle period not less than squeezing lower die
The absolute value of recombination velocity.
Squeeze the moving displacement of lower dieWherein, sij- lower die is squeezed from movement
Start the displacement (mm) added up to i-th of stage, j-th of discrete point, si(j-1)- lower die is squeezed since movement to i-th of rank
The displacement (mm) that section -1 discrete point of jth adds up, Vi0The linear speed (mm/s) of-extruding i-th of stage of lower die starting,
niThe sum of-i-th stage discrete point, fi- i-th stage velocity perturbation frequency (Hz), ki- i-th stage velocity amplitude
Function of state, value 0 or -1 or 1 determines the direction of velocity amplitude；ai- i-th stage velocity amplitude (mm), j-i-th
The sequence of a stage discrete point.Squeezing moving displacement of the lower die in a cycle period is zero, it is assumed that squeezes lower die one and follows
The ring period is by m stage linear group of functions at then squeezing lower die displacement of cumulative movement at the end of the cycle period is zero, complete
It is resetted at the displacement of a circulation action.
Deformation uniformityWherein εmaxIt is strained for maximum equivalent in identical cross-section, εminFor identical cross
Minimum equivalent strains in section, εavgIt is strained for average equivalent in identical cross-section.
The present invention can effectively improve the deformation uniformity of Tapered Cup, while be conducive to reduce maximum equivalent strain, improve
The deformability of Tapered Cup.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is Tapered Cup extrusion die schematic diagram；
The Tapered Cup equivalent strain distribution schematic diagram of the traditional backward extrusion of Fig. 2 scheme 1；
The speed that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 3 scheme 2 and time graph schematic diagram；
The displacement that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 4 scheme 2 and time graph schematic diagram；
The Tapered Cup equivalent strain distribution schematic diagram that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 5 scheme 2；
The speed that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 6 scheme 3 and time graph schematic diagram；
The displacement that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 7 scheme 3 and time graph schematic diagram；
The Tapered Cup equivalent strain distribution schematic diagram that back and forth fluctuation squeezes of Fig. 8 scheme 3；
The Tapered Cup section equivalent strain of Fig. 9 scheme 1 is distributed；
The Tapered Cup section equivalent strain of Figure 10 scheme 2 is distributed；
The Tapered Cup section equivalent strain of Figure 11 scheme 3 is distributed；
The shaping load contrast schematic diagram of tri- schemes of Figure 12；
The deformation uniformity contrast schematic diagram of tri- schemes of Figure 13.
In figure, 1- upper mold；2- blank；3- lower die.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Using fine copper Tapered Cup as objective for implementation, mold for extruding and forming is as shown in Figure 1.Three schemes of contrast design, then
It squeezes upper mold and squeezes lower die and reciprocal pressure forming is carried out to blank according to the speed of setting respectively, promote blank that plasticity occurs and become
Shape reaches the shape of Tapered Cup design；The analysis difference of three schemes is as follows:
Scheme 1 is traditional backward extrusion, i.e. upper mold constant airspeed is constant, and it is the wave of scheme 2 that upper mold speed designs, which are 10mm/s,
Twice of peak speed, lower die is stationary, and the maximum equivalent strain of acquisition is mainly distributed on Tapered Cup inner surface area (such as Fig. 2
It is shown).
Scheme 2 is that reciprocal fluctuation squeezes, wherein upper mold devises six cycle periods, and each cycle period includes four
The linear speed in stage, the velocity perturbation frequency in each stage are both designed as 5Hz, and discrete data point is 5, and velocity amplitude is
5mm, stage velocity amplitude state are respectively 0,1,0, -1, and the initial velocity of first stage is -5mm/s, and negative sign indicates speed
Axially downward, initial displacement 0mm substitutes into above-mentioned parameter to direction vectorFunction carries out
The upper modular curve in speed-time curve such as Fig. 3 being calculated, while above-mentioned parameter being substituted intoUpper mold in the accumulative displacement-time graph such as Fig. 4 that function is calculated is bent
Line；
Wherein, lower die also devises six cycle periods, and each cycle period includes the linear speed of four-stage, each
The velocity perturbation frequency in stage is both designed as 5Hz, and discrete data point is 5, velocity amplitude 5mm, stage velocity amplitude state
Respectively 1, the initial velocity of -1, -1,1, first stage is 0mm/s, and initial displacement 0mm substitutes into above-mentioned parameterThe lower modular curve in speed-time curve such as Fig. 3 that function is calculated simultaneously will
Above-mentioned parameter substitutes intoAccumulative displacement-time graph that function is calculated is as schemed
Lower modular curve in 4；
As shown in figure 5, compared with scheme 1, minimum equivalent strain increases the equivalent strain that scheme 2 is obtained by simulation calculation
Greatly, maximum equivalent strain reduces, and is conducive to the deformation uniformity for improving Tapered Cup in this way.
Scheme 3 is that reciprocal fluctuation squeezes, wherein upper mold devises eight cycle periods, and each cycle period includes six
The linear speed in stage, the velocity perturbation frequency in each stage are both designed as 10Hz, and discrete data point is 5, and velocity amplitude is
5mm, stage velocity amplitude state are respectively 0,1,0,0, -1,0, and the initial velocity of first stage is -5mm/s, and negative sign indicates
Axially downward, initial displacement 0mm substitutes into above-mentioned parameter in velocity vector directionFunction
The upper modular curve in speed-time curve such as Fig. 6 being calculated, while above-mentioned parameter being substituted intoUpper mold in the accumulative displacement-time graph such as Fig. 7 that function is calculated is bent
Line；
Wherein, lower die also devises eight cycle periods, and each cycle period includes the linear speed in six stages, each
The velocity perturbation frequency in stage is both designed as 10Hz, and discrete data point is 5, velocity amplitude 5mm, stage velocity amplitude state
Respectively 1, the initial velocity of 0, -1, -1,0,1, first stage is 0mm/s, and initial displacement 0mm substitutes into above-mentioned parameterThe lower modular curve in speed-time curve such as Fig. 6 that function is calculated simultaneously will
Above-mentioned parameter substitutes intoAccumulative displacement-time graph that function is calculated is as schemed
Lower modular curve in 7；
The equivalent strain that scheme 3 is obtained by simulation calculation is as shown in figure 8, the strain of its maximum equivalent is opposite along Thickness Distribution
Uniformly, and maximum equivalent strain is smaller than traditional backward extrusion, is conducive to the deflection for further increasing Tapered Cup in this way.
The Tapered Cup section equivalent strain of three schemes is analyzed, it is found that scheme 1 in the cross section for taking Tapered Cup 1/2
Equivalent strain is concentrated mainly on the inside of Tapered Cup (such as Fig. 9), and the equivalent strain of scheme 2 starts to extend from Inside To Outside (as schemed
10), the equivalent strain of scheme 3 is extended from Inside To Outside, and the equivalent strain value in outside increases (such as Figure 11), illustrates scheme
3 section deformation uniformity is increased.
By extracting the shaping load and equivalent strain of three schemes, with deformation uniformity and the minimum target of forming force,
Carry out comprehensive analysis.Figure 12 is the shaping load comparison of three schemes, it is found that the reciprocal fluctuation of scheme 2 and scheme 3 squeezes
Partial plastic forming load it is slightly more bigger than conventional extruded scheme 1, but its valid shaping load ratio conventional extruded is small；Therefore forming carries
Lotus is smaller on Tapered Cup influence, and weight can be ignored.In order to calculate the deformation uniformity in cross section, respectively in scheme 1, side
Case 2, the initial blank of scheme 3 identical cross-section position uniformly take 6 points (as shown in Figure 1), extract 6 points during forming
In the equivalent strain in different distortion stage, then according toFunction calculate deformation uniformity, obtain different schemes 1,
The curve (such as Figure 13) of scheme 2, the deformation uniformity of scheme 3 and displacement, it is found that the deformation uniformity curve of scheme 2 with
Scheme 1 intersects, and for the deformation uniformity curve of scheme 3 always below scheme 1, the deformation uniformity of scheme 3 is best.
Therefore comprehensive shaping load and equivalent strain consider that 3 technological effect of scheme of design is best, that is, squeeze upper mold recombination velocity and squeeze
The fluctuation amplitude of pressure mould recombination velocity is 5mm, the vibration frequency in stage is 10Hz, the stage condition function of upper mold is respectively 0,
1,0,0, -1,0, the stage condition function of lower die is respectively under conditions of 1,0, -1, -1,0,1, and the Tapered Cup effect of forming is most
It is good.
Case study on implementation of the invention is disclosed above, however and the non-limiting present invention, spirit is done according to the present invention for these
Variation is intended to be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Tapered Cup back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method, characterized by the following steps:
(1) design squeezes the process program of the recombination velocity of upper mold, the recombination velocity for squeezing lower die, then squeezes upper mold and extruding
Lower die carries out reciprocal pressure forming to blank according to the speed of setting respectively, promotes blank to be plastically deformed, reaches Tapered Cup
The shape of design；
(2) the equivalent strain amount for obtaining Tapered Cup identical cross-section, calculates the overall deformation uniformity of the section at any time；
(3) with deformation uniformity and the minimum target of forming force, optimization squeezes upper mold recombination velocity and squeezes lower die recombination velocity
Fluctuation amplitude and frequency parameter, obtain and deform relatively uniform Tapered Cup.
2. Tapered Cup as described in claim 1 back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method, it is characterised in that: squeeze upper mold and squeeze
Depress the recombination velocity V of mouldijIt is composed of the linear speed in multiple stages, function expression are as follows:Wherein, VijThe linear speed of-i-th j-th of stage discrete point, i-recombination velocity include
Stage linear function quantity sequence, the sequence of i-th of stage discrete point of j-, niThe sum of-i-th stage discrete point,
ai- i-th stage velocity amplitude, ai-1- the (i-1)-th stage velocity amplitude, kiThe state letter of-i-th stage velocity amplitude
Number, value 0 or -1 or 1 determine the direction of velocity amplitude；ki-1The function of state of-the (i-1)-th stage velocity amplitude, value 0
Or -1 or 1, determine the direction of velocity amplitude.
3. Tapered Cup as described in claim 1 back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method, it is characterised in that: squeeze answering for lower die
The recombination velocity wave for closing speed wave and extruding upper mold intersects, when the direction vector for squeezing lower die speed is downward along extrusion axis
When, the absolute value of the interior recombination velocity for squeezing upper mold of the same cycle period is absolute not less than the recombination velocity for squeezing lower die
Value.
4. Tapered Cup as described in claim 1 back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method, it is characterised in that: squeeze the fortune of lower die
Dynamic displacementWherein, sij- lower die is squeezed since movement to i-th j-th of the stage
The displacement that discrete point adds up, si(j-1)- squeeze what lower die added up since movement to -1 discrete point of i-th of stage jth
Displacement, Vi0The linear speed of-extruding i-th of stage of lower die starting, niThe sum of-i-th stage discrete point, fi- i-th
Stage velocity perturbation frequency, kiThe function of state of-i-th stage velocity amplitude, value 0 or -1 or 1 determine velocity amplitude
Direction；ai- i-th stage velocity amplitude, the sequence of i-th of stage discrete point of j-；Lower die is squeezed in a cycle period
Interior moving displacement is zero, it is assumed that squeezes one cycle period of lower die by m stage linear group of functions at then squeezing lower die at this
The displacement of cumulative movement is zero at the end of cycle period, and the displacement for completing a circulation action resets.
5. Tapered Cup as described in claim 1 back and forth fluctuates extrusion molding design method, it is characterised in that: deformation uniformityWherein εmaxIt is strained for maximum equivalent in identical cross-section, εminIt is strained for minimum equivalent in identical cross-section,
εavgIt is strained for average equivalent in identical cross-section.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53133560A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1978-11-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of metallic material with longitudinally different size of sections |
| CN1827829A (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2006-09-06 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method and apparatus for preparing fine-grained material |
| CN102319757A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-18 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy variable-section cylindrical member by composite extrusion deformation |
| CN103894436A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-02 | 太原理工大学 | Reciprocating extruding device and machining method of reinforced magnesium alloy tube |
| CN107138548A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method for preparing ultra-fine grained magnesium alloy tubing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100416578B1 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2004-02-05 | 진인태 | Bending Machine by Hot Metal Extrusion |
-
2017
- 2017-12-26 CN CN201711432669.8A patent/CN107931350B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53133560A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1978-11-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of metallic material with longitudinally different size of sections |
| CN1827829A (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2006-09-06 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method and apparatus for preparing fine-grained material |
| CN102319757A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-18 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy variable-section cylindrical member by composite extrusion deformation |
| CN103894436A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-02 | 太原理工大学 | Reciprocating extruding device and machining method of reinforced magnesium alloy tube |
| CN107138548A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method for preparing ultra-fine grained magnesium alloy tubing |
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