CN107929783A - 一种凝胶组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种凝胶组合物及其制备方法,所述凝胶组合物由水溶性胶粉,交联剂,助凝剂,表面活性剂,助溶剂,香精,防腐剂,消泡剂和水组成。本发明所得凝胶具有晶莹透亮的外观,经久耐用,耐温性能好,60℃高温不熔化,‑20℃低温不开裂,不析水,是一种性能优越的透明载体,可广泛用于空气清新剂,面膜、退热贴等日化领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及日用化工产品领域,尤其涉及一种凝胶组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
水凝胶是以水为分散介质的凝胶。是一种高分子网络体系,性质柔软,能保持一定的形状,能吸收大量的水。水凝胶被广泛用于多种领域,如干旱地区的抗旱,在化妆品中的面膜、退热贴、镇痛贴、农用薄膜、调湿剂,食品中的保鲜剂、增稠剂,医疗中的药物载体等。天然高分子材料的生物相容性好,但机械强度较差;合成高分子材料经过适当的物理、化学改性,可获得广泛的性能,满足不同的需要,但其生物相容性较差。将天然高分子材料与合成高分子材料结合制备杂化高分子水凝胶能保留合成高分子材料的力学强度,也能保持天然高分子材料的生物相容性。
现有专利技术CN103262839A公开了一种天然植物油驱蚊凝胶组合物,包含水溶性胶体、天然植物精油、水溶性聚合物、低级醇、增溶剂、凝胶强化剂和去离子水,制备的凝胶组合物常温下精油挥发稳定、可持续长时间用于室内外驱蚊的凝胶产品组合物。现有技术专利CN106039361A公开了一种空气清新剂,由等电点为4-7的水解蛋白质凝胶基质明胶、交联剂一定数均分子量为酰胺链段的异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物、增溶剂、增溶剂、防腐剂、香精和水组成,制备的的凝胶固体透明度好,能够耐受50℃的高温和0℃的低温,但无法进一步满足更高低温稳定性性能的要求。
综上可知,现有水凝胶多为一些不透明或半透明凝胶,透明度低,且在使用过程中,耐温性能不稳定,存在高温熔化,低温析水等现象。
发明内容
基于此,针对上述技术问题,提供一种凝胶组合物及其制备方法。本发明通过一定分子量范围内具有酰胺链段的异丁烯-马来酸酐胶体共聚物与具备一定动力值的水溶性胶粉发生交联作用,并配合使用一定量的助凝剂聚乙烯醇和/或羧甲基纤维素,制备一种60℃高温和-20℃低温性能稳定的水凝胶。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种凝胶组合物,包括以下组分:
a)水溶性胶粉,b)交联剂,c)助凝剂,d)表面活性剂,e)助溶剂,f)防腐剂,g)消泡剂,h)香精,余量为水;
其中所述交联剂为数均分子量在110000-260000的具有酰胺-胺盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物;进一步优选数均分子量为150000-180000。
所述水溶性胶粉为冻力值>80的食用明胶;进一步优选冻力值为120-240。
所述的助凝剂为聚合度600-2000的聚乙烯醇或/和羧甲基纤维素;进一步优选助凝剂为聚乙烯醇和羧甲基纤维素。
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基二甲基氧化铵,吐温20,吐温80,十八醇聚氧乙烯醚,氢化蓖麻油C040中的一种或多种。
所述消泡剂为聚醚消泡剂。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种凝胶组合物,包括以下重量百分比的各原料及组份:
0.5%-8%水溶性胶粉,0.2%-5%交联剂,0.1%-5%助凝剂,1%-20%的表面活性剂,0.2%-20%的助溶剂,0.02%-1%防腐剂,0.01%-1%消泡剂,0.6%-5%香精,余量为水。
进一步的,优选包括以下重量百分比的各原料及组份:
1%-5%水溶性胶粉,0.5%-4%交联剂,0.2%-4%助凝剂,2%-15%的表面活性剂,0.5%-15%的助溶剂,0.02%-0.5%防腐剂,0.02%-0.5%消泡剂,1.0-4.0%香精,余量为水。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种凝胶组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)A相溶液的配制:将水溶性胶粉,表面活性剂,助溶剂、香精溶于适量的水中,50-60度恒温加热搅拌至完全溶解。
(2)B相溶液的配制:50-60度恒温水浴下,将交联剂溶于适量的水中,搅拌至透明溶液。
(3)C相溶液的配制:在90-95度恒温下,将助凝剂溶于剩余的水中,搅拌至透明溶液,冷却至50-60度备用。
(4)在50-60度恒温下,将A、B、C三相溶液混合,并加入适量防腐剂,消泡剂搅拌均匀后,灌入容器,冷却包装即可。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种凝胶组合物在空气清新剂、面膜领域的应用。
本发明中,食用明胶由18种氨基酸组成,其分子量分布在几万到几十万,其兼具蛋白质和材料的双重特性,具有生物可降解性和生物相容性,其溶液可形成具有一定硬度、不能流动的可逆凝胶,但加热后胶体熔化。酰胺-铵盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物是一种水溶液PH值呈中性的高分子聚合物,其能够与明胶发生交联作用。聚乙烯醇或/和羧甲基纤维素作为助凝剂使用,能够进一步提高凝胶组合物的耐高低温性能和透光率。
本发明所述的凝胶组合物具有如下的优点及有益效果:
(1)本发明利用一定数均分子量的酰胺-铵盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物与不同冻力值的食用明胶进行交联反应,得到不同凝胶强度的凝胶组合物,并通过添加聚乙烯醇和或羧甲基纤维素作为助凝剂配合使用,使所得凝胶产品透光率高,耐温性能好,60℃高温不熔化,-20℃低温不开裂,不析水。
(2)本发明制备的凝胶组合物透明度高、弹性好、耐温性能好,可在空气清新剂产品、面膜、退热贴等多个领域应用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体较佳实施例,对本发明的凝胶组合物作进一步详细说明书,但本发明并不仅限于一下的实施例。
按照表1配方含量,分别配制实施例1-4和对比例1-5的凝胶组合物,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)A相溶液的配制:将水溶性胶粉,表面活性剂,助溶剂、香精溶于适量的水中,50-60度恒温加热搅拌至完全溶解;
(2)B相溶液的配制:50-60度恒温水浴下,将交联剂溶于适量的水中,搅拌至透明溶液。
(3)C相溶液的配制:在90-95度恒温下,将助凝剂溶于适量剩余的水中,搅拌至透明溶液,冷却至50-60度备用。
(4)在50-60度恒温下,将A,B,C三相溶液混合,并加入适量防腐剂,消泡剂搅拌均匀后,灌入容器,冷却包装即可。
表1实施例1-4及对比例1-5凝胶组合物的组成
其中,实施例1和2中食用明胶的冻力值为120,聚乙烯醇聚合度为1600,交联剂数均分子量为170000;
实施例3中食用明胶的冻力值为160,聚乙烯醇聚合度为800,交联剂数均分子量为160000;
实施例4中食用明胶的冻力值为200,交联剂数均分子量为180000;
对比例1中,与实施例1相比,其区别在于食用明胶冻力值为80;
对比例2中,与实施例3相比,其区别在于交联剂的数均分子量为90000;
对比例3中,与实施例4相比,其区别在于,交联剂的数均分子量为270000;
对比例4中,与实施例3相比,其区别在于未加入聚乙烯醇;
对比例5中,与实施例4相比,其区别在于未加入羧甲基纤维素。
性能测试:
分别对实施例1-4,对比例1-5所得凝胶组合物产品进行性能测试,测试方法如下:
(1)透光度的测定方法
分别将实施例、对比例配制的样品在45℃下灌装溶液装入比色皿中,冷却至溶液凝固后,以去离子水为参比样,利用紫外分光光度计,于450nm波长处,测定其透光率。
(2)高温性能测试:
将实施例、对比例配制的样品放置于60度烘箱内加热8小时,记录时间,并分别于1小时,4小时,8小时三个不同时间点,观察胶体性能的稳定情况。
(3)常温使用时间测试:
分别将实施例、对比例配制的样品(约70g)放置于半通风环境中自然挥发,记录初始日期,观察称重,直至样品挥发率在90%以上或重量在3天能挥发量<1%,则判断为使用完全,记录日期,使用天数。
(4)低温性能测试:
分别将实施例、对比例配制的样品(约70g)放置于-20度冰箱内冷冻24小时后,从冰箱内拿出,解冻至室温(约4小时)后,观察胶体性能的稳定情况。
表2:实施例、对比例配制的样品以及市售产品的性能测试如下表所示:
通过上表可以看出,实施例1-4所得凝胶组合物,胶体透光率好,耐高低温性能稳定,且常温使用天数长,通过实施例1-4比较可知,助凝剂聚乙烯醇和羧甲基纤维钠同时加入对于提高透光率和常温使用天数是有利的。而对比例1中,食用明胶的冻力值80,凝胶强度太低,导致所得溶液不能凝固。对比例2-3中酰胺-铵盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物的数均分子量不同,其聚合物的性能也不同,导致形成胶体的高低温性能、透光率和使用性能与本发明相比较差。对比例4-5中,未加入聚乙烯醇或羧甲基纤维素,所得凝胶虽具备一定的透光性和常温使用天数,但相对于本发明来说,透光率和使用天数均显著下降,而且凝胶在60°高温稳定性测试时出现渗水等缺陷,凝胶在-20°低温稳定性较差,说明本发明中助凝剂聚乙烯醇或羧甲基纤维素的加入对于提供透光率、使用天数以及高低温性能均是有利的。
故本发明通过优选一定范围冻力值的食用明胶,特定数均分子量范围的酰胺-铵盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物、以及加入助凝剂聚乙烯醇或/和羧甲基纤维素配合使用来制备不同凝胶强度的凝胶组合物,提高了产品透光率,使用天数和耐高低温性能稳定。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出的是,上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制,本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种凝胶组合物,其特征在于:其包括以下组分:
a)水溶性胶粉,b)交联剂,c)助凝剂,d)表面活性剂,e)助溶剂,f)防腐剂,g)消泡剂,h)香精,余量为水;
其中所述交联剂为数均分子量在110000-260000的具有酰胺-胺盐型异丁烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物;所述水溶性胶粉为冻力值>80的食用明胶;
所述凝胶组合物耐低温温度达-20℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述的助凝剂为聚合度600-2000的聚乙烯醇或/和羧甲基纤维素。
3.根据权利要求2所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述助凝剂为聚合物600-2000的聚乙烯醇和羧甲基纤维素。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述交联剂的数均分子量为150000-180000。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述食用明胶的冻力值为120-240。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基二甲基氧化铵,吐温20,吐温80,十八醇聚氧乙烯醚,氢化蓖麻油C040中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的凝胶组合物,其特征在于:所述消泡剂为聚醚消泡剂。
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述凝胶组合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)A相溶液的配制:将水溶性胶粉,表面活性剂,助溶剂、香精溶于适量的水中,50-60度恒温加热搅拌至完全溶解;
(2)B相溶液的配制:50-60度恒温水浴下,将交联剂溶于适量的水中,搅拌至透明溶液;
(3)C相溶液的配制:在90-95度恒温下,将助凝剂溶于剩余的水中,搅拌至透明溶液,冷却至50-60度备用;
(4)在50-60度恒温下,将A、B、C三相溶液混合,并加入防腐剂,消泡剂,搅拌均匀后,灌入容器,冷却包装即可。
9.权利要求1-7任一项所述的凝胶组合物在空气清新剂、面膜领域的应用。
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CN106729861A (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 广东爱车小屋实业发展股份有限公司 | 凝胶空气清新剂及其制备方法与使用方法 |
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