CN107918208B - Visual field spliced head-mounted display device - Google Patents
Visual field spliced head-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107918208B CN107918208B CN201710796717.5A CN201710796717A CN107918208B CN 107918208 B CN107918208 B CN 107918208B CN 201710796717 A CN201710796717 A CN 201710796717A CN 107918208 B CN107918208 B CN 107918208B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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Abstract
A visual field spliced head-mounted display device is composed of a first micro display, a second micro display, a first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, a second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and an aperture diaphragm, wherein the aperture diaphragm coincides with the pupil position of a human eye and is symmetrically placed about an optical axis, the first micro display and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror form a display channel, the second micro display and the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror form another display channel, and the center of an exit pupil of each display channel is located at the center of the pupil of the human eye. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low processing cost, high light energy utilization rate and high imaging quality, and can be applied to the field of augmented reality head-mounted display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a head-mounted display technology, in particular to a view field spliced head-mounted display device.
Background
A typical head mounted display device consists of a micro-display and an optical system, through which an image generated by the micro-display is in an enlarged virtual image for viewing by a user. The optical system of the head-mounted display device is a visual optical system, and the actual requirement of human eyes must be considered in the design process. The exit pupil position of the optical system coincides with the pupil position of the human eye, and the main design parameters are the exit pupil diameter D, the field size Fov and the focal length f, so that the performance and the imaging quality of the optical system are determined. In a head-mounted display device, in order to avoid vignetting or phase surface loss caused by excessive mismatch of pupils and system exit pupils due to rotation of human eyes, the designed value of the exit pupil diameter of an optical system is much larger than the diameter of the pupils of the human eyes, and the designed value of the exit pupil diameter of the optical system of a general penetrating head-mounted display is 10-15 mm. In order to achieve the light miniaturization of the head-mounted display, the focal length design value of the optical system must be controlled within a certain range, and the compactness of the structure is ensured. The size of the field of view of the optical system determines the immersion of the user on the observed image, and increasing the field of view can improve the user experience.
In the head-mounted display device, the resolution R' of the micro display and the resolution R of the optical system have the following relationship: r=r'/Fov, where the optical system resolution R is determined by the exit pupil diameter D and focal length f of the optical system. For certain microdisplays, increasing the field angle of the optical system necessarily causes a decrease in the resolution of the system because the resolution and field size of the optical system are constrained. In addition, the increase of the field of view causes an oversized optical system, and the lightweight and miniaturization of the head-mounted display device cannot be achieved. In order to ensure the resolution of the optical system and at the same time increase the field of view, field stitching techniques have been proposed. The field splicing technology divides the image of the micro display into two parts and displays the image by adopting a double-channel or multi-channel optical system, so that the high resolution and the large field of view of the optical system can be realized simultaneously by increasing the field of view of the optical system without affecting the diameter D of the exit pupil and the focal length f. Prior art [1] (see Cheng Dewen, wang Chongtian, hua Hong. Wide field high resolution tiled head-mounted display, CN102782562A, 2012) discloses a head-mounted display that utilizes wedge prisms for field-of-view tiling. Prior art [2] (see Mikhail Gutin, olga Gutin. Automated design and fabrication of ocular optics, proc. Of Spie, vol.7060, 2008) proposes an eyepiece optical system that uses a lens array to achieve a multi-channel display. The prior art has the following defects:
(1) The method of prism splicing or lens array splicing is adopted to realize multi-channel display, only the field of view of a single channel is geometrically overlapped, the field of view is increased, the size of an optical system is increased, and the miniaturization of the head-mounted display device cannot be realized.
(2) The wedge prism adopted in the prior art 1 comprises three free-form surface shapes, each lens group of the lens array in the prior art 2 is composed of a plurality of lenses, and the processing and assembling difficulty is increased.
(3) Prior art 2 places the micro-display in front of the human eye, and cannot realize the observation of the real world by the user, the scheme is limited in the field of virtual reality head-mounted display; prior art 1 places micro-displays on both sides of a prism, which can be applied to the field of augmented reality head-mounted displays.
(4) Multiple refractions and reflections of the micro-display image by the prior art using a multi-lens or wedge prism reduces the light energy utilization, while the two refractions of the external real light by the wedge prism cause distortion of the user's view of the external real world.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a view field spliced head-mounted display device which adopts two free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflective mirrors to splice view fields, can increase the resolution of view fields and optical systems at the same time, has the characteristics of simple structure, low processing cost, high light energy utilization rate, high imaging quality and the like, and can be applied to the field of augmented reality head-mounted display.
The solution of the invention is as follows:
the viewing field spliced head-mounted display device is characterized by comprising a first micro display, a second micro display, a first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, a second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and an aperture diaphragm, wherein the aperture diaphragm is overlapped with the pupil position of a human eye and is symmetrically arranged about an optical axis, the first micro display and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror form a display channel, the second micro display and the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror form another display channel, the center of the exit pupil of each display channel is positioned at the center of the pupil of the human eye,
the coordinates of the head mounted display device are defined as: the global coordinate origin O is positioned at the center of an exit pupil (eye pupil), the Z axis is the direction of the eye sight, and the Y axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the direction is right above the eye; the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis and the Z axis to form a Cartesian coordinate system, and the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror are symmetrical about an XOZ plane, the surface shapes of the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror are free-form surfaces, and the surface shape sagittal height is given by the following formula:
wherein c=1/r 0 ，r 0 Is the curvature radius of the reference plane of the free curved surface, k is the quadric surface coefficient, r is the radial coordinate of the incident light ray, a i Is a high-order coefficient of the order,is a Zernike polynomial, N is the total number of the Zernike polynomials, A i For coefficients of the i Xiang Zeni g polynomial, ρ is the normalized radius coordinate, ++>Is normalized angular coordinates.
The first free-form surface half-mirror and the second free-form surface half-mirror are made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the surfaces of the first free-form surface half-mirror and the second free-form surface half-mirror are plated with half-mirror films.
The first micro display and the second micro display are made of liquid crystal display or organic light emitting diode.
The two free-form surface half mirrors are spliced by adopting a gluing process or a mechanical splicing method, the spliced free-form surface half mirrors can realize double-channel simultaneous display, and the total view fields are equivalent to the view fields from a single display channel and are adjacent together.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Simple structure and low processing cost. According to the visual field spliced head-mounted display device, the two-channel display is realized by adopting the method of splicing the two free-form surfaces with the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, the display channels of the micro-display are crossed in space, the repeated utilization of space is realized, the structural size of the micro-display device is reduced while the visual field is increased, and the miniaturization of the head-mounted display device is easy to realize. In addition, the optical system of the head-mounted display device consists of two free-form surface reflecting mirrors, so that the processing and manufacturing difficulties are reduced.
(2) The light energy utilization rate is high. The visual field spliced head-mounted display device adopts two micro-displays as image sources, and each display channel only reflects light once to the pupil of the human eye for the user to observe. Compared with the traditional device, the head-mounted display device has the advantages of high light flux and high light energy utilization rate.
(3) The imaging quality is high. The optical system of the visual field spliced head-mounted display device adopts the free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror to amplify and image the image of the micro-display, does not introduce spherical aberration, can realize the optimization of aberration such as distortion of light rays at the edge of a large visual field by controlling the elevation of the edge vector, and improves the imaging quality of the head-mounted display device.
(4) The visual field spliced head-mounted display device provided by the invention has the advantages that the micro-display is arranged on the two sides of the free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, and the scheme can be applied to the field of augmented reality head-mounted display. In addition, the free-form surface half-mirror refracts external actual light rays for a single time, so that the user experience of the external real world is not reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical structure of a field-of-view tiled head mounted display device of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific examples and the accompanying drawings, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic optical structural diagram of a field-of-view tiled head-mounted display device according to the present invention. The view field spliced head-mounted display device is composed of a first micro display 1, a second micro display 2, a first free-form surface half-mirror 3, a second free-form surface half-mirror 4 and an aperture diaphragm 5. The aperture diaphragm 5 coincides with the pupil position of the human eye and is symmetrically arranged about the optical axis. The first micro display 1 and the second free-form surface half mirror 4 form a display channel, the second micro display 2 and the first free-form surface half mirror 3 form another display channel, and the center of the exit pupil of each display channel is located at a common point, namely the center of the pupil of human eyes.
The coordinates of the head mounted display device are defined as: the global coordinate origin O is positioned at the center of an exit pupil (eye pupil), the Z axis is the direction of the eye sight, and the Y axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the direction is right above the eye; the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis and the Z axis to form a Cartesian coordinate system.
The first free-form surface half mirror 3 and the second free-form surface half mirror 4 are symmetrical about an XOZ plane, the surface shapes are free-form surfaces, and the surface shape vector height is given by the following formula:
wherein c=1/r 0 ，r 0 Is the curvature radius of the reference plane of the free curved surface, k is the quadric surface coefficient, r is the radial coordinate of the incident light ray, a i Is a high-order coefficient of the order,is a Zernike polynomial, N is the total number of the Zernike polynomials, A i For coefficients of the i Xiang Zeni g polynomial, ρ is the normalized radius coordinate, ++>Is a normalized angle coordinate;
the first free-form surface half-mirror 3 and the second free-form surface half-mirror 4 are made of polymethyl methacrylate, namely acrylic (PMMA);
the surfaces of the first free-form surface half-mirror 3 and the second free-form surface half-mirror 4 are plated with half-mirror films;
the first free-form surface half mirror 3 and the second free-form surface half mirror 4 are spliced by adopting a gluing process or a mechanical splicing method, the spliced free-form surface half mirror can realize double-channel simultaneous display, and the total view field is equivalent to the adjacent view fields from a single display channel;
the first micro-display 1 and the second micro-display 2 are liquid crystal displays LCD, or organic light emitting diodes OLED.
The working process of the visual field spliced head-mounted display device comprises the following steps: the first micro display 1 and the second free-form surface half-mirror 4 form a first display channel, and the light emitted by the first micro display 1 is reflected to the aperture stop 5 through the second free-form surface half-mirror 4. Similarly, the second micro display 2 and the first free-form surface half mirror 3 form a second display channel, and the light emitted by the second micro display 2 is reflected to the aperture stop 5 through the first free-form surface half mirror 3. Since the aperture stop 5 is positioned coincident with the pupil position of the human eye, the exit pupil center of each display channel is located at the pupil center of the human eye. The head-mounted display device adopts the two free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors to amplify and image the images generated by the corresponding micro-displays on the display channels respectively, so that the field of view at the pupil of human eyes can be spliced, and the field of view is increased while the resolution of the head-mounted display device is not influenced.
The head-mounted display device has few optical elements and low light energy loss, and can improve the light energy utilization rate of the head-mounted display device; the head-mounted display device adopts two free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirrors for splicing, and compared with the traditional prism splicing or lens system splicing method, the head-mounted display device reduces the processing and manufacturing cost; in addition, the two display channels are overlapped in space, so that the space is effectively utilized, the structure of the head-mounted display device is compact, and the miniaturization of the head-mounted display device is facilitated; the head-mounted display device fully utilizes the advantage that the free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror does not introduce spherical aberration, and improves the imaging quality of an optical system. Therefore, the head-mounted display device has the characteristics of simple structure, low processing cost, high energy utilization rate, high imaging quality and the like, and can be applied to the field of augmented reality head-mounted display.
The embodiment of the present invention is described only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, and not for limiting the present invention. All technical solutions that can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments according to the inventive concept by those skilled in the art shall be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a visual field concatenation formula wear display device, its characterized in that comprises first micro display (1), second micro display (2), first free-form surface half mirror (3), second free-form surface half mirror (4), aperture diaphragm (5) and people's eye pupil position coincidence, and place about the optical axis symmetry, first micro display (1) and second free-form surface half mirror (4) constitute a display channel, second micro display (2) and first free-form surface half mirror (3) constitute another display channel, the exit pupil center of every display channel all is located the pupil center of people's eye, every display channel only carries out once the reflection to people's eye pupil department for the user to observe, free-form surface half mirror carries out single refraction to outside actual light, can not reduce the user and to outside real observation experience;
the coordinates of the head mounted display device are defined as: the global coordinate origin O is positioned at the center of an exit pupil (eye pupil), the Z axis is the direction of the eye sight, and the Y axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the direction is right above the eye; the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis and the Z axis to form a Cartesian coordinate system, and the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror (3) and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror (4) are symmetrical with respect to an XOZ plane, the surface shapes of the first free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the second free-form surface semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror are free-form surfaces, and the surface shape sagittal height is given by the following formula:
wherein c=1/r 0 ，r 0 Is the curvature radius of the reference plane of the free curved surface, k is the quadric surface coefficient, r is the radial coordinate of the incident light ray, a i Is a high-order coefficient of the order,is a Zernike polynomial, N is the total number of the Zernike polynomials, A i For coefficients of the i Xiang Zeni g polynomial, ρ is the normalized radius coordinate, ++>Is a normalized angle coordinate;
the first free-form surface half-mirror (3) and the second free-form surface half-mirror (4) are made of polymethyl methacrylate, and the surfaces of the first free-form surface half-mirror (3) and the second free-form surface half-mirror (4) are plated with half-mirror films;
the first micro display (1) and the second micro display (2) are made of liquid crystal displays or organic light emitting diodes.
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| CN109615664B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-30 | 亮风台（上海）信息科技有限公司 | Calibration method and device for optical perspective augmented reality display |
| CN110231712A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-09-13 | 成都理想境界科技有限公司 | A kind of augmented reality AR glasses |
| CN113795783B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2024-02-06 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | Display-integrated imaging device for head-mounted display |
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| CN104932105A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-23 | 北京理工大学 | Splicing type head-mounted display device |
| CN207336935U (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-05-08 | 塔普翊海（上海）智能科技有限公司 | Field stitching formula head-wearing display device |
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| JPH06308422A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-11-04 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Visual display device |
| JPH07274097A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-20 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Visula sense display device |
| JPH08152579A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-11 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Visual display device |
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