CN107917822B - Device and method for sampling and gasifying multi-boiling mixed liquor - Google Patents
Device and method for sampling and gasifying multi-boiling mixed liquor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107917822B CN107917822B CN201710184305.6A CN201710184305A CN107917822B CN 107917822 B CN107917822 B CN 107917822B CN 201710184305 A CN201710184305 A CN 201710184305A CN 107917822 B CN107917822 B CN 107917822B
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- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for sampling and gasifying a multi-boiling mixed liquid, wherein the device comprises a sampling pipeline and a heating gasifier; an atomization chamber is arranged in the sampling pipeline, an outlet of the atomization chamber is communicated with an inlet of the gasifier, and the cross-sectional area of an atomization cavity of the atomization chamber is larger than that of the inlet and the outlet of the atomization chamber. The mixed liquid absorbs heat and gasifies the generated vapor in the atomizing chamber under the action of gravity and molecular heat movement, the liquid heavy molecules flow out of the atomizing chamber preferentially, flow into the gasifier as early as possible, absorb heat and gasify completely and mix thoroughly after the mixed liquid is in the gasifier, so as to avoid sampling deviation caused by fractionation, obtain homogeneous high-precision sample gas at the outlet of the gasifier, and improve the sampling quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of liquid sampling and gasification, and particularly relates to a device and a method for sampling and gasification of a multi-boiling mixed liquid.
Background
The multi-boiling point mixed liquid widely exists in the natural world and industrial production. In developing and utilizing such mixed fluids, it is often desirable to extract a sample gas representative thereof in order to analyze it. If the sampling is not accurate, the analysis result has no reference meaning. Therefore, the condition of inaccurate sampling should be avoided as much as possible in the industrial production, analysis and detection business process. However, in the actual production process, because multiple components exist in the multi-boiling mixed solution, fractionation phenomenon is easy to occur in the mixed solution in the vaporization process, so that the deviation between the taken sample and the actual components is easy to be excessively large. Such as liquefied natural gas, contains a plurality of components with different boiling points, such as methane, ethane, propane, nitrogen, and the like, with different components. Under the same working condition, nitrogen with low boiling point usually absorbs heat for vaporization firstly, then methane with higher boiling point absorbs heat for vaporization, next ethane and next propane … …
The fractionated gaseous and gas-liquid mixture molecules contain molecules in a variety of different states. As known from molecular kinematics, under the same working condition, the running speeds of different molecules are greatly different, and generally, the running speed of light molecules is high, the running speed of heavy molecules is low, and the running speed of gas molecules is far higher than that of liquid molecules. The different motion characteristics of different molecules can easily lead to sampling bias.
In order to solve the adverse effect of fractionation of a mixture of multiple boiling components such as lng, various types of sampling devices have been designed by humans. In the field of liquefied natural gas sampling, a liquefied natural gas sampling and vaporizing device (see patent number CN 201180067294-a device for sampling and vaporizing liquefied natural gas) invented by Peel & Bielher of the company of European tower Pi Youle, subfraction, france is most representative. The principle and implementation of the device are described in the invention: the liquefied natural gas is vaporized in a supercritical state of 80 to 90bar by adopting a special vaporizing device. From the point of view of the principle described in the invention and the characteristics of the actual products produced by the company, the vaporization device adopting this structure cannot always keep the pressure in the vaporizer in the range of 80 to 90bar, so that the problem of sampling deviation caused by fractionation cannot be fundamentally solved in practice, the reasons are as follows:
1. The main structure of the vaporizer is clearly described in the main vaporizing component (see figure 3), two orifices are arranged at two ends of the vaporizing chamber, the pressure in the vaporizing chamber is ensured to be 80 to 90Bar through the cooperation between the two orifices, and the liquefied natural gas is completely vaporized under the condition of supercritical state, namely the temperature is lower than-130 ℃ and the pressure is higher than 80 Bar. From the point of view of the company's actual product and the general structure of the invention (see fig. 2) and the vaporization chamber (see fig. 3), the vaporization chamber is essentially a one-way valve, and after the cryogenic liquid natural gas flows through the one-way valve, if the pressure in the chamber of the vaporization chamber is lower than the pressure before the liquid enters the one-way valve, the one-way valve is opened, and the liquid flows into the vaporization chamber under the action of the pressure difference. The liquefied natural gas absorbs heat in the vaporization chamber to raise the pressure in the chamber. When the pressure in the cavity is increased to a state of meeting the closing of the one-way valve, the pressure in the vaporization cavity is slightly higher than the pressure of the liquefied natural gas entering the one-way valve in general, and the one-way valve is closed to prevent the liquid from continuously flowing in. From the above, unless the check valve closing pressure is higher than 80BAR, the material in the vaporization chamber absorbs enough heat of vaporization, the second orifice is small enough to approach the closed state, and after complete vaporization, the gas is discharged outside the vaporization chamber, so that the pressure of the invention is maintained at 80 to 90 BAR. Otherwise it is technically very difficult to achieve. In a general check valve, the check valve is closed in a very low pressure difference range, the check valve can be closed to prevent the pressure in the vaporization chamber from rising continuously, and the pressure in the vaporization chamber is difficult to rise to more than 80bar under the normal working condition.
2. In the invention, the vaporizing chamber is placed in a vacuum environment, and external heat is difficult to reach the outer wall of the vaporizing chamber. From the whole structure, only a small amount of heat energy is transferred to the outer wall of the vaporization chamber, and the heat is far less than the vaporization heat required by the complete vaporization of the liquefied natural gas, and is insufficient to enable the supercooled liquid to be completely changed into a gas state, that is, the substances in the vaporization chamber can absorb enough vaporization heat after a long time under the condition of normal operation. The efficiency of complete vaporization within the vaporization chamber is low by only absorbing a sufficient amount of vaporization heat by the vaporization chamber.
3. In the invention, the second orifice in the vaporizing chamber is always open, and under the normal working condition, a certain pressure difference exists between the outlet of the orifice and the vaporizing chamber. Under the action of the pressure difference, the substances in the vaporizing chamber, whether in a gas state, a liquid state or a gas-liquid mixed state, can flow out through the second throttling hole as long as the pressure difference exists. When the one-way valve is opened, more material flows into the vaporization chamber than is discharged, and the vaporization chamber pressure rises when the vaporization chamber absorbs heat and vaporizes. When the one-way valve is disconnected, the substances flowing in the vaporization cavity are less than the substances flowing out, the substances in the vaporization cavity continuously absorb heat and continuously reduce, and the pressure continuously reduces. When the pressure in the vaporizing cavity is reduced to the opening condition of the one-way valve, the one-way valve is opened to flow liquid again, and the process is repeated to work repeatedly. The condition of the opening and closing of the non-return valve is determined by the mechanical properties of the non-return valve itself. In view of the practical working principle of the inventive device, even if the working pressure in the vaporizing chamber reaches 80bar, the internal pressure will be reduced because the second orifice always flows out of the medium. Typically, the lng main line pressure is 2 to 3bar, and the sample pressure at the inlet to the vaporization chamber is also very close to this value. The device of the invention is used for normal operation, and the pressure of the vaporization chamber must be reduced to be lower than the pressure of the main pipeline in a certain time period, namely, 2 to 3 bar. The pressure in the vaporization chamber must therefore operate in the range of 80 to 3bar even in the presence of vaporization in the supercritical state described in this invention. In this range, referring to the natural gas temperature versus pressure diagram (see fig. 1), at a temperature of-130 ℃, a pressure of about 30bar enters the gas-to-liquid phase transition. That is, even if the device is completely vaporized under supercritical conditions as described in the literature, the vaporized gas is re-liquefied to form liquid molecules due to the pressure drop of the vaporization chamber to the liquid phase range (about 30 bar), thereby causing fractionation.
4. In the invention, after the gas flows out of the vaporizing chamber, the pressure is always in a low pressure state before the gas reaches the heated vaporizing heater, and substances in the process of the section cannot meet the 80Bar high pressure requirement of the supercritical state described in the literature at any time, so that the medium of the section is necessarily in a gas-liquid co-phase working condition, the substances in the pipe do not absorb enough heat yet, and fractionation is necessarily generated. There is a great difference in molecular motion speed with fractionation, so that a homogenous gas cannot be obtained, and the sampling quality is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-boiling mixed liquid sampling device and a multi-boiling mixed liquid sampling method, which can ensure that multi-boiling mixed liquid such as liquefied natural gas can obtain stable homogeneous sample gas even under the condition of fractionation. Specifically, the technical scheme is as follows:
The device for sampling and gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquor comprises a sampling pipeline for collecting the mixed liquor and a heating gasifier for gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquor;
The sampling pipeline is internally provided with an atomization chamber, an outlet of the atomization chamber is communicated with an inlet of the gasifier, the cross-sectional area of an atomization cavity of the atomization chamber is larger than that of the inlet of the atomization chamber and that of the outlet of the atomization chamber, and the mixed liquid is sprayed into the atomization cavity of the atomization chamber and absorbs heat and is vaporized in the atomization cavity when the pressure difference between the inlet of the atomization chamber and the pressure difference in the atomization chamber is larger than the opening pressure of the atomization chamber.
As an improvement to the technical proposal, the inlet of the atomizing chamber is positioned at the top of the atomizing chamber;
And/or the inlet of the gasifier is positioned at the top of the gasifier.
As an improvement of the technical solution, the atomizing chamber and the gasifier are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, a bypass unloading pipeline is arranged in the sampling pipeline, and the bypass unloading pipeline comprises an unloading valve and a bypass pipe.
As an improvement to the technical solution, the device comprises a closed vacuum housing assembly for accommodating the sampling pipeline, the pipeline in the gasifier and the bypass unloading pipeline;
the apparatus also includes a vacuum generator for creating a vacuum environment within the vacuum housing assembly.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the vacuum housing assembly is formed by combining a plurality of sections of housings, the sections of housings are connected by metal sealing flange type connecting assemblies respectively, the metal sealing flange type connecting assemblies comprise corresponding first metal sealing flange pieces and second metal sealing flange pieces, metal sealing rings are arranged at contact positions of the first metal sealing flange pieces and the second metal sealing flange pieces, cutting edges are arranged on the first metal sealing flange pieces and the second metal sealing flange pieces, the cutting edges can cut into the metal sealing rings, and a part of the plurality of sections of housings is provided with a display or implicit vacuum bellows type expansion joint.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the gasifier comprises a gasifier shell, a heating device and a spiral pipeline arranged in the gasifier shell, wherein the top of the spiral pipeline is an inlet of the gasifier, and the gasifier shell is filled with a heat conducting material.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, a temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet of the atomizing chamber;
And/or a sampling stop valve is arranged in the sampling pipeline;
and/or a vacuum stop valve is arranged between the vacuum generator and the vacuum shell component.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the mixed liquid is liquefied natural gas.
The method for sampling and gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquid comprises the steps of collecting the mixed liquid by using the device according to any one of the technical schemes, enabling the vapor generated by the endothermic gasification of the mixed liquid in the atomization chamber to flow out of the atomization chamber preferentially under the action of gravity and molecular thermal motion, enabling liquid heavy molecules to flow into the gasifier as soon as possible, completely absorbing the heat and gasifying in the gasifier, enabling the molecules to be further fully mixed under the action of Brownian motion, and obtaining homogeneous and stable sampled gas at the outlet of the gasifier.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The two-stage gasification system is formed by the atomization chamber and the gasifier, and after the mixed solution is gasified in the atomization chamber, even though the mixed solution has a fractionation phenomenon, molecules are further fully mixed under the action of Brownian motion due to the heating action of the gasifier, so that uniform and stable sampling gas is obtained at the outlet of the gasifier, and the sampling quality is improved.
(2) By locating the inlet of the atomizing chamber at the top of the atomizing chamber, the liquid atomized heavy molecules which sink into the bottom of the atomizing chamber will flow out of the atomizing chamber in preference to the gaseous light molecules, and rapidly enter the gasifier for further endothermic vaporization. Before the moment when the atomizing chamber body is opened again, the molecules in the atomizing chamber are completely in a gas molecular state, so that the medium in the atomizing chamber is ensured to be completely gasified gas molecules.
(3) Through the inlet that makes the gasifier is located the top of gasifier, can rely on gravity action, the velocity of flow of preferential assurance liquid macromolecule reduces the time difference that light molecule and heavy molecule arrived the gasifier for the gasifier export can obtain more even stable sampling gas.
(4) The sampling pipeline, the gasifier and the like are all arranged in a vacuum environment, and the sampling pipeline is tightly sealed by adopting the metal sealing flange and the metal sealing ring, so that the temperature difference between the external environment and the sampling pipeline and between the external environment and the gasifier can be effectively prevented, the sampling pipeline is prevented from generating condensation phenomenon, and the sampling pipeline is efficient and adiabatic.
(5) The bypass unloading pipeline is arranged in the sampling pipeline, so that the pressure can be released in time when the pressure in the sampling pipeline is overlarge.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a liquefied natural gas state transition diagram;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the entirety of a prior art sampling device;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a prior art sampling device;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional outline view of an apparatus for sampling and vaporizing a multi-boiling mixed liquor in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a first overall cross-sectional view of an apparatus for sampling and vaporizing a multi-boiling mixed liquor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second overall cross-sectional view of an apparatus for sampling and vaporizing a multi-boiling mixed liquor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a gasifier and an atomizing chamber area in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an area of a metal seal flange type connection assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the misting chamber in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of main reference numerals:
1-sampling tube housing, 2-main flange, 3-sampling tube manual shut-off valve housing, 4-expansion joint, 5-metal sealing flange type connecting component, 6-sampling tube automatic shut-off valve housing, 7-top component flange, 8-vaporizer housing, 9-vaporizer housing, 10-heating device, 11-control box, 12-vacuum generator, 13-vacuum pressure gauge, 14-vacuum shut-off valve, 15-transverse vacuum housing tube, 101-sampling tube, 102-sampling tube manual shut-off valve, 104-bypass tube, 105-sampling tube automatic shut-off valve, 106-unloading valve, 107-vaporizer tube, 108-vaporizer, 1081-vaporizer body, 1082-reset component, 1083-control valve, 109-temperature sensor mounting component, 110-vaporizer inlet bracket, 111-special-shaped reducer tube, 112-vaporizer inner housing, outer housing between 113-vaporizer and vaporizer, 202-cylinder, 203-temperature sensor, 51-first metal sealing flange piece, 52-second metal sealing flange piece, 53-metal sealing ring.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully. The invention is capable of various embodiments and of modifications and variations therein. However, it should be understood that: there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather the invention is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and/or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the invention.
Hereinafter, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" as may be used in various embodiments of the present invention indicate the presence of the disclosed functions, operations or elements, and are not limiting of the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and their cognate terms are intended to refer to a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be interpreted as first excluding the existence of or increasing likelihood of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in the various embodiments of the invention may modify various constituent elements in the various embodiments, but the respective constituent elements may not be limited. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements. The above description is only intended to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between the interiors of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the terms indicating an orientation or a positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, not to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having a meaning that is the same as the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in connection with the various embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
The present example provides a multi-boiling point mixed liquor sampling device that can ensure that a multi-boiling point mixed liquor, such as liquefied natural gas, can obtain a stable homogenous sample gas even in the presence of fractionation.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus for sampling and vaporizing the multi-boiling mixed liquor includes a sampling pipe for collecting the mixed liquor and a heating type vaporizer for vaporizing the multi-boiling mixed liquor. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the sampling line includes a sampling tube 101 inserted into the supercooled liquid, and the sampling tube 101 collects the mixed liquid and then conveys the mixed liquid to the vaporizer through a subsequent pipe.
Preferably, the outside of the sampling tube 101 is provided with a sampling tube housing 1, the sampling tube housing 1 being mounted to the main pipe via a main flange 2. Preferably, the gasifier is heated electrically.
In this embodiment, the sampling pipe is provided with an atomization chamber 108, an outlet of the atomization chamber 108 is connected to an inlet of the gasifier, and a cross-sectional area of an atomization cavity of the atomization chamber 108 is larger than a cross-sectional area of the inlet of the atomization chamber 108 and an outlet of the atomization chamber 108. Thus, when the pressure difference between the inlet of the atomizing chamber 108 and the inside of the atomizing chamber 108 is greater than the opening pressure of the atomizing chamber 108, the mixed liquid is injected into the atomizing chamber of the atomizing chamber 108 and is vaporized by heat absorption in the atomizing chamber. After passing through the atomizing chamber 108, the mixture may be completely vaporized, or may be in a gas-liquid mixed state, such as containing a large amount of liquid mist molecules. The mixed liquid absorbs heat and gasifies the steam generated in the atomization chamber under the action of gravity, molecular thermal motion and other forces, the liquid heavy molecules flow out of the atomization chamber preferentially, flow into the gasifier as early as possible, absorb heat and gasify completely in the gasifier, and the molecules are further fully mixed under the action of Brownian motion, so that uniform and stable sampling gas is obtained at the outlet of the gasifier.
Preferably, the inlet of the atomizing chamber 108 is located at the top of the atomizing chamber 108, i.e., the atomizing chamber 108 is inverted. The heat that can be absorbed by the supercooled liquid as it enters the atomizing chamber 108 is usually small and insufficient to completely turn the liquid entering the atomizing chamber 108 into a gaseous state, and fractionation is unavoidable. The medium in the atomizing chamber 108 is usually in a gas-liquid mixture state, i.e., contains small gaseous molecules that have been completely vaporized and large liquid molecules that have not been completely vaporized, except for the gas at the moment when the atomizing chamber 108 is opened again. In general, under the same working conditions, a low-boiling-point substance absorbs heat and gasifies first, and a high-boiling-point substance gasifies later. As is known from molecular characteristics, low boiling point substances are generally small molecules, and high boiling point substances are generally large molecules. As known from molecular kinematics, small molecules move fast, macromolecules move slowly, and liquid macromolecules move slowly. And, liquid macromolecular motion ability is influenced by gravity effect great.
Generally, the liquid mist of macromolecules will fall under gravity to the bottom of the atomizing chamber 108. If the atomizing chamber 108 is otherwise mounted, such as upward, it is not possible to flow all of the liquid macromolecules directly out of the atomizing chamber 108 unless the liquid macromolecules are sufficiently hot to be vaporized. The absorption of heat by liquid molecules is a progressive process and requires time. Particularly when the atomizing chamber 108 is placed in a vacuum environment, it takes a very long time to absorb enough heat to vaporize it completely. During its heat absorption, gaseous molecules, in particular light molecules that have been gasified, have risen out of the nebulization chamber 108. Therefore, the light molecules flow out first and the heavy molecules flow out later inevitably in a manner that the inlet of the atomizing chamber 108 is positioned at the lower part. And the heavy molecule has low running speed and the light molecule has high running speed. This typically results in an increased deviation of the molecular composition from the actual composition within the pipeline. With an inverted atomizer chamber 108, this can be ameliorated. Gaseous light molecules, when in a gas-liquid mixture, generally rise to the top of the atomizing chamber 108; the liquid mist molecules, under the influence of gravity, accelerate and sink to the bottom of the atomizing chamber 108. Because the cross-sectional area of the atomizing chamber 108 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the atomizing chamber 108, the outlet is equivalent to an orifice, and the liquid atomized heavy molecules which sink into the bottom of the atomizing chamber 108 can flow out of the atomizing chamber 108 in preference to the gaseous light molecules, and quickly enter the gasifier to further absorb heat and evaporate. The molecules in the nebulizing chamber 108 are already completely gaseous before the moment when the nebulizing chamber 108 is opened again, thus ensuring that the medium in the nebulizing chamber 108 is completely vaporized without any liquid remaining, thus ensuring that the medium in the nebulizing chamber 108 is completely vaporized gaseous before each opening of the nebulizing chamber.
Yet another reason for the inverted configuration of the nebulization chamber 108 is based on molecular kinematics and thermodynamic considerations. The liquid heavy molecules are preferentially guaranteed to flow out, because the running speed of the heavy molecules is much slower than that of the light molecules, the vaporific heavy molecules flow out of the atomizing chamber 108 before the light molecules, the vaporific heavy molecules are placed at the front end, the light molecules are placed at the rear end, the probability of the light molecules which subsequently flow out of the atomizing chamber 108 to strike the liquid vaporific heavy molecules can be increased, the flow rate of the liquid molecules is increased, the time difference between the liquid heavy molecules and the light molecules reaching the gasifier is reduced, and the liquid vaporific molecules and the gaseous molecules can be more fully mixed in the gasifier, so that the gas which is as homogeneous as possible is obtained.
The inverted atomizer chamber 108 also has a reason for unvaporized liquid mist molecules and also requires a large amount of heat to be absorbed for complete vaporization. Allowing the liquid mist molecules to flow out of the atomizing chamber 108 earlier than the liquid mist molecules can reach the vaporizer as early as possible and absorb heat and vaporize completely as early as possible. Typically, the atomizing chamber 108 in this configuration is capable of absorbing very little heat from the surrounding environment. The complete vaporization of the liquid mist of heavy molecules requires a significant amount of heat and is very slow if it is completely vaporized within the atomizing chamber 108. The air flows to the gasifier as soon as possible, and is heated by the electric heater, so that enough heat can be quickly obtained, and the purpose of improving the efficiency can be achieved by adopting the inversion mode.
The inverted atomizer chamber 108 is also important because the atomizer chamber 108 is always in an ultralow temperature working state as much as possible, so that the supercooled liquid is always in a deep supercooled state before flowing into the atomizer chamber 108, and the sample is ensured not to be fractionated before flowing into the atomizer chamber 108. In the case of using the non-inverted atomizing chamber 108, the mixed liquid in the atomizing chamber 108 is inevitably fractionated, and the low boiling point components such as nitrogen, methane and the like are vaporized and discharged from the atomizing chamber in a state of low temperature and high pressure. What remains are the lower higher boiling molecules such as ethane, propane, etc. While the remaining components have a relatively high boiling point, the temperature within the vaporization chamber must be raised to the corresponding vaporization conditions to thoroughly expel them from the vaporization chamber 108. The temperature rise in the atomizing chamber 108 is very disadvantageous in ensuring the supercooled state of the sampling tube 101 because the temperature rise easily causes the fractionation phenomenon of the liquid to be sampled. By adopting the inverted atomizing chamber 108, the high boiling point component flows out of the atomizing chamber 108, and the low boiling point component remains, so that the low boiling point component is always vaporized in the atomizing chamber 108. Therefore, the temperature in the atomizing chamber 108 can be kept below the vaporization condition of low boiling point liquid, such as nitrogen, methane and the like, and the purpose that the atomizing chamber 108 is always in a lower temperature state is achieved, so that supercooled liquid is easier to ensure not to be fractionated before entering the atomizing chamber 108, and the sampling quality is ensured.
Fig. 4,5 and 9 show a preferred atomizing chamber 108, the atomizing chamber 108 being arranged in the atomizing chamber housing 9. The atomizing chamber 108 includes an atomizing chamber body 1081, a control valve 1083, and a reset assembly 1082, the top of the atomizing chamber body 1081 is an inlet, the inlet is of a stepped bore structure, and the cross-sectional area of the upper bore in the stepped bore is larger than the cross-sectional area of the lower bore. The main body of the atomizing chamber body 1081 is a cylindrical cavity, the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical cavity are smooth curved surfaces, and the cylindrical cavity is designed into a smooth curved surface, so that no liquid residue can be ensured in the cylindrical cavity. The bottom of the atomizing chamber body 1081 is an outlet which is of a stepped hole structure, and the cross-sectional area of the upper stage hole in the stepped hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lower stage hole. Preferably, control valve 1083 is a beaded structure, and preferably return assembly 1082 is a spring.
Preferably, the device further comprises a temperature sensor 203. A temperature sensor 203 is provided at the inlet of the nebulization chamber 108 by means of a temperature sensor mounting assembly 109 for detecting the temperature of the nebulization chamber 108 inlet. The temperature sensor mounting assembly 109 is made of a material with good heat conduction performance: such as copper, and other materials such as stainless steel, as necessary, the temperature sensor mounting assembly 109 also serves to clamp and secure the sampling tube 101.
Preferably, the inlet of the gasifier is located at the top of the gasifier. Fig. 5 shows a preferred gasifier comprising a gasifier outer shell 8, a gasifier inner shell 112, a heating means 10 and a spiral gasification pipe 107 arranged inside the gasifier inner shell 112, the top of the gasification pipe 107 being the inlet of the gasifier, the gasifier outer shell 8 and the gasifier inner shell 112 being filled with a heat conducting material. Preferably, the thermally conductive material is a powdered material (e.g., copper powder, etc.), or the voids are filled using a welding, casting, etc. process to achieve good heat transfer and vaporization.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the atomizing chamber 108 and the gasifier are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. By arranging the two in parallel in the vertical direction, the gravity effect can be fully utilized, and the optimal gasification effect can be obtained.
It should be noted that vertical placement of the atomizing chamber 108 and vaporizer is only a preferred option, and that the atomizing chamber 108 and vaporizer may be tilted in addition to vertical placement, if limited to installation.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, a bypass unloading line is provided in the sampling line, the bypass unloading line comprising an unloading valve 106 and a bypass pipe 104. When an overpressure occurs, the unloading valve 106 opens and enters a high-pressure protection state, and the overpressure liquid flows out through the bypass pipe 104.
Preferably, the apparatus comprises a closed vacuum housing assembly for housing the sampling line, the line in the gasifier, the bypass unloading line, etc., and a vacuum generator 12 for creating a vacuum environment within the vacuum housing assembly. By creating a vacuum environment within the vacuum housing assembly, ambient temperature can be avoided from affecting vaporization of the mixed liquor. For example, the supercooled liquid in the sampling pipe is prevented from exchanging heat with the outside, thereby preventing the sampling pipe from generating condensation phenomenon, and preventing the heat of the heating device 10 from diffusing to the outside, thereby improving the heat efficiency.
Preferably, the vacuum housing assembly is formed by combining a plurality of sections of housings, such as a sampling tube housing 1, an atomization chamber housing 9, a gasifier housing 8 and the like, and the plurality of sections of housings are respectively connected in pairs through a metal sealing flange type connecting assembly 5. As shown in fig. 8, the metal seal flange type connection assembly 5 includes a first metal seal flange piece 51 and a second metal seal flange piece 52 corresponding to each other, and a metal seal ring 53 is provided at a contact portion of the first metal seal flange piece 51 and the second metal seal flange piece 52. The first metal sealing flange piece 51 and the second metal sealing flange piece 52 are provided with cutting edges, the cutting edges can cut into the metal sealing ring 53, and a part of the plurality of shells is provided with a display or hidden vacuum bellows type expansion joint 4.
When the first metal sealing flange piece 51 and the second metal sealing flange piece 52 are pressed tightly, the cutting edge cuts into the metal sealing ring 53, and a reliable sealing process is realized. The sampling probe with the structure can not only improve the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity, but also break through the temperature-resistant limit of the plastic sealing ring, so that the vacuum probe can work in high-temperature and low-temperature environments for a long time. Besides, the connector with the structure has the functions of shock resistance and the like, and can ensure that the sampling probe works in an environment with strong vibration. The displayed or hidden expansion joint 4 of the vacuum bellows type can correct the installation deviation, and improve the reliability and the service life of the vacuum connection. The structure of the expansion joint 4 includes, but is not limited to, the structure shown in the drawings. In addition, vacuum housing components, such as vacuum taps, may be added depending on the actual installation conditions.
Preferably, a sampling shut-off valve is provided in the sampling line. Specifically, the sampling shutoff valve includes a sampling tube manual shutoff valve 102 and a sampling tube automatic shutoff valve 105. The manual stop valve 102 of the sampling tube is externally provided with the manual stop valve housing 3 of the sampling tube, the automatic stop valve 105 of the sampling tube is externally provided with the automatic stop valve housing 6 of the sampling tube, the manual stop valve housing 3 of the sampling tube and the automatic stop valve housing 6 of the sampling tube are of closed structures, and the manual stop valve 102 of the sampling tube and the automatic stop valve 105 of the sampling tube are in a vacuum state. Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the sampling tube automatic shut-off valve 105 is opened and closed by the pushing of the cylinder 202.
Thus, the sampling tube 101, the manual sampling tube shut-off valve 102, the tube joint, the automatic sampling tube shut-off valve 105, the atomizing chamber 108, and the like are all placed in a vacuum environment. The vacuum environment ensures that the heat of the environment is transmitted to the sampling sample to the minimum extent, thereby preventing the sampling liquid from generating due to the excessive heat absorption, and ensuring that the sampling sample is always in a supercooled state before entering the atomizing chamber.
Preferably, a vacuum stop valve 14 and a vacuum pressure gauge 13 are provided between the vacuum generator 12 and the vacuum housing assembly, the vacuum stop valve 14 being used to cut off the communication between the vacuum generator 12 and the vacuum housing assembly, and the vacuum pressure gauge 13 being used to monitor the pressure within the vacuum housing assembly.
Preferably, the vacuum housing assembly includes a transverse vacuum housing tube 15, and the vacuum generator 12, vacuum pressure gauge 13 and vacuum shut-off valve 14 are mounted at the top of the device at the transverse vacuum housing 15. By adopting the structure, when outdoor installation is carried out, the structure can be conveniently placed in an outdoor box body, and the waterproof grade is improved.
Preferably, the gasifier outer shell 8 is perforated, and the gasification pipe 107 leads from the gasifier inner shell 112 through this perforation. A shell 113 between the gasifier and the atomization chamber is arranged between the gasifier shell 8 and the atomization chamber shell 9, and a gasification pipe 107 is arranged inside the shell 113 between the gasifier and the atomization chamber. Thus, the gasification pipe 107 can be placed in a vacuum environment entirely, and the pipe can be prevented from absorbing heat and generating condensation.
Preferably, the vacuum housing assembly includes a profiled reducing tube 111, and the components of the sampling tube 101, the atomizing chamber 108, the temperature sensor mounting assembly 109, etc. are located within the profiled reducing tube 111. By adopting the above-described special-shaped reducer pipe 111, the overall size of the vacuum casing can be reduced, and the structure can be optimized.
Preferably, the gasifier inner shell 112 has a gasifier inlet bracket 110 for holding the sampling tube 101, the atomizing chamber 108, and the temperature sensor mounting assembly 109 to prevent sagging.
Preferably, the device further comprises a top assembly flange 7 for placing the upper assembly of the device entirely within the outdoor metal box, the top assembly flange 7 being attached to the bottom of the metal box and being fixed.
Preferably, the upper part of the device is provided with a control box 11, and a controller for controlling the heating device 10 and a power supply part are provided in the control box 11.
The embodiment also provides a method for sampling and gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquid, the device disclosed by the embodiment is used for collecting the mixed liquid, the vapor generated by the endothermic gasification of the mixed liquid in the atomizing chamber 108 flows out of the atomizing chamber 108 preferentially under the action of gravity and molecular thermal motion, and the liquid heavy molecules flow into the gasifier as soon as possible, are completely gasified by the endothermic motion in the gasifier, and are further fully mixed under the action of Brownian motion, so that uniform and stable sampling gas is obtained at the outlet of the gasifier.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawing is merely a schematic illustration of a preferred implementation scenario and that the modules or flows in the drawing are not necessarily required to practice the invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that modules in an apparatus in an implementation scenario may be distributed in an apparatus in an implementation scenario according to an implementation scenario description, or that corresponding changes may be located in one or more apparatuses different from the implementation scenario. The modules of the implementation scenario may be combined into one module, or may be further split into a plurality of sub-modules.
The above-mentioned inventive sequence numbers are merely for description and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the implementation scenario.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention, and the invention is not limited thereto, as modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The device for sampling and gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquor is characterized by comprising a sampling pipeline for collecting the mixed liquor and a heating gasifier for gasifying the multi-boiling mixed liquor;
An atomization chamber is arranged in the sampling pipeline, an outlet of the atomization chamber is communicated with an inlet of the gasifier, the cross-sectional area of an atomization cavity of the atomization chamber is larger than that of the inlet of the atomization chamber and that of the outlet of the atomization chamber, and when the pressure difference between the inlet of the atomization chamber and the pressure difference of the inlet of the atomization chamber are larger than the opening pressure of the atomization chamber, the mixed liquid is sprayed into the atomization cavity of the atomization chamber and absorbs heat and is vaporized in the atomization cavity;
a bypass unloading pipeline is arranged in the sampling pipeline, and comprises an unloading valve and a bypass pipe;
the inlet of the atomizing chamber is positioned at the top of the atomizing chamber;
and the inlet of the gasifier is positioned at the top of the gasifier;
The atomizing chamber and the gasifier are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction;
The device comprises a closed vacuum shell assembly, a bypass unloading pipeline and a control unit, wherein the closed vacuum shell assembly is used for accommodating the sampling pipeline, the pipeline in the gasifier and the bypass unloading pipeline;
The apparatus further includes a vacuum generator for creating a vacuum environment within the vacuum housing assembly;
The gasifier comprises a gasifier shell, a heating device and a spiral gasification pipe arranged in the gasifier shell, wherein the top of the gasification pipe is an inlet of the gasifier, and the gasifier shell is filled with a heat conducting material;
The mixed liquid is liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and liquefied gas.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the vacuum housing assembly is formed by combining a plurality of sections of housings, the sections of housings are respectively connected by a metal sealing flange type connecting assembly, the metal sealing flange type connecting assembly comprises a first metal sealing flange piece and a second metal sealing flange piece which correspond to each other, a metal sealing ring is arranged at a contact part of the first metal sealing flange piece and the second metal sealing flange piece, cutting edges are arranged on the first metal sealing flange piece and the second metal sealing flange piece, the cutting edges can cut into the metal sealing ring, and a part of the sections of housings is provided with a display or hidden vacuum bellows type expansion joint.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet of the nebulization chamber is provided with a temperature sensor;
And/or a sampling stop valve is arranged in the sampling pipeline;
and/or a vacuum stop valve is arranged between the vacuum generator and the vacuum shell component.
4. Method for sampling and gasifying a mixture of multiple boiling points, characterized in that the mixture is collected by means of a device according to any one of claims 1-3, that the vapour generated by the endothermic evaporation of the mixture in the atomising chamber is preferentially flowed out of the atomising chamber under the action of gravity and molecular thermal movements, that the liquid heavy molecules are flowed into the gasifier as early as possible and are gasified by complete endothermic evaporation in the gasifier, and that the molecules are further thoroughly mixed under the action of brownian movements, so that a homogenous and stable sampled gas is obtained at the gasifier outlet.
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| CN2016108776096 | 2016-10-09 | ||
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| CN105865244A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 | Liquid gasification device and gasification method thereof |
| CN207114232U (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2018-03-16 | 李进 | The device for sampling and gasifying for more boiling point mixed liquors |
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| CN1121696A (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1996-05-01 | 帝国化学工业公司 | Vaporisation of liquids |
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