CN107916357A - A kind of gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107916357A CN107916357A CN201711046069.8A CN201711046069A CN107916357A CN 107916357 A CN107916357 A CN 107916357A CN 201711046069 A CN201711046069 A CN 201711046069A CN 107916357 A CN107916357 A CN 107916357A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of powder metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture, its mixture are matched by following parts by weight：Thick 40 60.5 parts of tungsten carbide powder, thin 15 30 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 12 15 parts of (W, Ti, Ta) C powder, Ti (C1‑X,NX) 15 parts of powder, wherein 0.3≤X≤1,8 10 parts of cobalt powder, wherein slightly, fine grain tungsten carbide (WC) Fisher particle size ratio be 73:1.The present invention uses the Ti (C containing N1‑X,NX) powder, as long as N content is in the range of 0.13 1.20% in mixture, it can prepare the heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy of the cubic-free layer of 20~50um thickness；Preparation method is simple, and a variety of sintering methods are sinterable, of low cost without increasing equipment investment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of powder metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Hard alloy is listened due to high hardness, wearability, high intensity, for metal cutting process field.With machine
The high speed development of bed and modern manufacturing industry, service life and cutter life stability to hard alloy cutter propose very high
Requirement.Such as require in high cutting speed, full depth amount, the interrupted processing occasion of greater impact, traditional homogeneous and twin crystal knot
The hard alloy of structure can not usually be met the requirements.Currently used method is exactly to be improved on traditional hard alloy substrate blade
Immersion coating (CVD) method applies the ceramic layer of a hardness higher, such as TiC, TiN, Al2O3, Ti (C, N) etc..But due to deposition
This type coating material, it is necessary to carry out, usually at 700-1000 DEG C, and due to hard alloy substrate and painting at a higher temperature
The thermal expansion coefficient difference of layer material is big, and many crackles are formed with applying interlayer in the inside of coating and hard alloy substrate.In knife
Crackle is by propagating, extend and coating shedding during tool use, and it is low to ultimately result in tool failure, service life.It is this to solve
Phenomenon, (such as increase alloy Co contents, using heterogeneous texture) can be designed by matrix composition, increases hard alloy toughness,
It can also be led to by forming one layer in hard alloy substrate and painting interlayer and being free of the hard high tenacity layer and crisp Emission in Cubic (β phases)
Often this layer of Co content is higher than composition design amount and the high tenacity layer without hard and crisp Emission in Cubic (β phases) is referred to as cubic-free layer.Usually
The cubic-free layer hard alloy that weighing-appliance has high tenacity is gradient hard alloy.
Designed using hard alloy with nonuniform structure, such as a kind of publication number CN105803288A Chinese patents " non-homogeneous ladder
Degree hard alloy and preparation method thereof " then use original particle size as two kinds of thickness so that tungsten carbide crystal grain distribution in hard alloy
With two peak structure, and gradient-structure is formed, increase the toughness of hard alloy, but because needing to be passed through Ar gas and cold in sintering process
But the stage need to be passed through H2Gas, complex technical process, the dangerous property of operation." addition is super for the Chinese patent of publication number CN1900331
Thin Ti (C, N) powder prepares beta phase eliminating gradient hard alloy with a step sintering process " in the P series hard alloy material powders containing Ti
Ti (C, N) powder of Ultra-fine is added, beta phase eliminating gradient hard alloy can be formed.But Ti (C, the N) powder used is averaged
Granularity is 0.1~0.5 μm, and granularity is very thin, and the raw material of the in the market granularity level obtains that difficult, price is high, is not easy keeping stores
The shortcomings that.And for example a kind of Chinese patent " preparation method of cubic-free layer gradient hard alloy " of publication number CN101974713A passes through
Using unazotized hard alloy material, sintering process uses a step sintering process, is sintered using normal dewaxing, deoxidization technique,
Being introduced into minute-pressure nitrogen afterwards makes nitrogen synthesize nitrogenous Emission in Cubic with the carbide reaction in hard alloy substrate, reaches gradient and burns
Nitrogen is emptied after junction temperature again and switchs to denitrogenation atmosphere sintering (such as vacuum), gradient hard alloy is made.Though this method can be made
Gradient hard alloy, nitrogen is long the time required to synthesizing nitrogenous Emission in Cubic with the carbide reaction in hard alloy substrate, therefore should
The complex technical process of preparation method, the process time is long, adds the shortcomings of production cost.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind to sinter out next time in different sintering environment
With heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy material and preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical proposal：
A kind of gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture, its mixture are matched by following parts by weight：Thick tungsten carbide powder 40-
It is 60.5 parts, tungsten carbide powder 15-30 parts thin, 12-15 parts of (W, Ti, Ta) C powder, Ti (C1-X,NX) 1-5 parts of powder, wherein 0.3≤X≤1,
8-10 parts of cobalt powder, wherein slightly, fine grain tungsten carbide (WC) Fisher particle size ratio be 7-3:1, N content is in above-mentioned mixture
0.13-1.20%.
By adjusting the proportioning of each component, while thick, thin tungsten carbide size ratio is further adjusted, as long as realizing mixture
In the range of 0.13-1.20%, the heterogeneous texture gradient hard that can prepare the cubic-free layer of 20~50um thickness closes middle N content
Gold.
Preferably, the thick tungsten carbide powder granularity is 2.5-5.6 μm.Prepared by thick tungsten carbide powder in this particle size range
Obtained hard alloy has the toughness and intensity of higher.
Preferably, the thin tungsten carbide powder granularity is 0.80-1.65 μm.Thin tungsten carbide powder in this particle size range is made
Standby obtained hard alloy accumulation porosity is more preferable, impact resistance higher.
Further preferably, the preparation method of the gradient hard alloy of above-mentioned heterogeneous texture is as follows：By mixture through ball milling,
It is made after compacting, sintering.
The present invention has the following advantages：
1st, using the Ti (C containing N1-X,NX) powder, no matter using 0.7~4.0 μm of any granularity TiN powder, Ti (C0.5,N0.5)
Powder, Ti (C0.7,N0.3) powder one or more powder is used in mixed way, as long as N content is in the range of 0.13-1.20% in mixture,
The heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy of the cubic-free layer of 20~50um thickness can be prepared.
2nd, sintered using hydrogen shield, vacuum dewaxing vacuum-sintering, hydrogen dewaxing partial pressure sintering, pressure sintering technique
It is once sintered to prepare the good heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy of comprehensive performance.
3rd, preparation method is simple, of low cost without increasing equipment investment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the non-homogeneous gradient hard alloy SEM figures of 1 cubic-free layer of embodiment prepared by the present invention
Fig. 2 is the non-homogeneous gradient hard alloy SEM figures of 2 cubic-free layer of embodiment prepared by the present invention
Fig. 3 is the non-homogeneous gradient hard alloy core metallographic structure figure of embodiment 1 prepared by the present invention
Fig. 4 is the non-homogeneous gradient hard alloy core metallographic structure figure of embodiment 2 prepared by the present invention
Whiteness is WC phases in wherein Fig. 1, and grey matter is titaniferous Emission in Cubic compound；Whiteness is WC in Fig. 2
Phase, atrament are Binder Phase, and grey matter is titaniferous Emission in Cubic compound.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1：In the present embodiment, the specific proportioning of heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is：Fisher particle size is 4.5
μm 60 parts of thick tungsten carbide powder；(W, Ti, Ta) C powder that 15 parts of thin WC powder that Fisher particle size is 0.85 μm, Fisher particle size are 3.2 μm
15 parts, the Ti (C that Fisher particle size is 1.5 μm0.5,N0.5) 2 parts of powder, 8 parts of Co powder, count 100 parts of total amount, N content 0.22% in raw material.
2 parts of paraffin, 0.05 part of stearic acid are additionally added again.(W, Ti, Ta) C powder, Ti (C0.5,N0.5) powder and during 0.85 μm of WC powder elder generation's ball milling
Between 24 it is small when, carry out rolling ball milling, ball milling together after adding the WC powder and Co powder, and paraffin, stearic acid of 4.5 μm of Fei Shi grains
When time 18 is small；Obtained slurry is spray-dried, the compressing obtained pressed compacts of 180MPa, pressed compact through hydrogen dewaxing, 1450 DEG C
60 minutes obtained heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloys of vacuum-sintering.The results show：Ladder is made in hydrogen dewaxing vacuum sintering technology
Spend hard alloy cubic-free layer thickness about 23.0um, hardness number 91.3HRA, bending strength 2300MPa.
Embodiment 2：In the present embodiment, using raw material same as Example 1 and proportioning WC powder, Co powder and (W, Ti,
Ta) C powder；But Fisher particle size is used as 1.2 μm of Ti (C0.7,N0.3) 4 parts of powder, Fisher particle size is 4.5 μm of thick tungsten carbide powder 58
Part, N content 0.26% in raw material, heterogeneous texture ladder is made using ball milling same as Example 1, pressing process and sintering process
Spend hard alloy.The results show：It is made gradient hard alloy cubic-free layer thickness about 26.0um, hardness number 91.1HRA, bending resistance is strong
Spend for 2500MPa.
Embodiment 3：In the present embodiment, using raw material same as Example 1 and proportioning WC powder, Co powder and (W, Ti,
Ta) C powder；But using Fisher particle size, Fisher particle size is 4.5 μm of 60.5 parts of thick tungsten carbide powder, former for 3.2 μm of 1.5 parts of TiN powder
N content 0.35% in material, it is hard to be made heterogeneous texture gradient using ball milling same as Example 1, pressing process and sintering process
Matter alloy.The results show：Gradient hard alloy cubic-free layer thickness about 28.0um, hardness number 91.2HRA is made, bending strength is
2400MPa。
Embodiment 4：In the present embodiment, the specific proportioning of heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is：Fisher particle size is 2.5
μm 59 parts of thick tungsten carbide powder；(W, Ti, Ta) C powder that 15 parts of thin WC powder that Fisher particle size is 0.85 μm, Fisher particle size are 3.2 μm
15 parts, TiN powder 1 part, Co powder 10 part of the Fisher particle size for 1.5 μm, count 100 parts of total amount, N content 0.23% in raw material.It is extra again
Add 2 parts of paraffin, 0.05 part of stearic acid.When (W, Ti, Ta) C powder, TiN powder and small 0.85 μm of WC powder elder generation Ball-milling Time 24, then add
Rolling ball milling is carried out together after entering the WC powder and Co powder, and paraffin, stearic acid of 2.5 μm of Fei Shi grains, when Ball-milling Time 24 is small；System
Slurry is spray-dried, the compressing obtained pressed compacts of 180MPa, pressed compact was through hydrogen dewaxing, 1450 DEG C of hydrogen sinterings 90 minutes
Heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is made.The results show：Gradient hard alloy cubic-free layer is made in hydrogen dewaxing vacuum sintering technology
Thickness about 35.0um, hardness number 91.1HRA, bending strength 2300MPa.
Embodiment 5：In the present embodiment, the specific proportioning of heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is：Fisher particle size is 5.5
μm 55 parts of thick tungsten carbide powder；(W, Ti, Ta) C powder that 15 parts of thin WC powder that Fisher particle size is 1.65 μm, Fisher particle size are 3.2 μm
15 parts, TiN powder 5 part, Co powder 10 part of the Fisher particle size for 1.5 μm, count 100 parts of total amount, N content 1.20% in raw material.It is extra again
Add 2 parts of paraffin, 0.05 part of stearic acid.When (W, Ti, Ta) C powder, TiN powder and small 1.65 μm of WC powder elder generation Ball-milling Times 24, then add
Rolling ball milling is carried out together after entering the WC powder and Co powder, and paraffin, stearic acid of 5.5 μm of Fei Shi grains, when Ball-milling Time 24 is small；System
Slurry is spray-dried, the compressing obtained pressed compacts of 180MPa, pressed compact was through hydrogen dewaxing, 1450 DEG C of vacuum-sintering 90 minutes
Heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is made.The results show：Gradient hard alloy cubic-free layer is made in hydrogen dewaxing vacuum sintering technology
Thickness about 28.0um, hardness number 89.0HRA, bending strength 2250MPa.
Embodiment 6：In the present embodiment, the specific proportioning of heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloy is：Fisher particle size is
40 parts of 5.60 μm of thick tungsten carbide powder；30 parts of thin WC powder that Fisher particle size is 0.80 μm, Fisher particle size be 3.2 μm (W, Ti,
Ta) 15 parts of C powder, 5 parts of the TiN powder that Fisher particle size is 1.5 μm, 10 parts of Co powder, count 100 parts of total amount, N content 1.20% in raw material.
2 parts of paraffin, 0.05 part of stearic acid are additionally added again.(W, Ti, Ta) C powder, TiN powder and 0.80 μm of WC powder elder generation Ball-milling Time 24 are small
When, rolling ball milling, Ball-milling Time are carried out together after adding the WC powder and Co powder, and paraffin, stearic acid of 5.60 μm of Fei Shi grains
24 it is small when；Obtained slurry is spray-dried, the compressing obtained pressed compacts of 180MPa, and pressed compact is through hydrogen dewaxing, 1450 DEG C of vacuum
Sinter 90 minutes obtained heterogeneous texture gradient hard alloys.The results show：It is hard that gradient is made in hydrogen dewaxing vacuum sintering technology
Matter alloy cubic-free layer thickness about 28.0um, hardness number 89.3HRA, bending strength 2020MPa.
Embodiment 7-13, comparative example 1-2 material compositions proportioning, sintering process and alloy property are as shown in table 1.Remaining raw material
The preparation technology parameter such as performance and thickness tungsten carbide weight ratio, with embodiment 4,
Table one
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture, it is characterised in that：Its mixture is matched by following parts by weight：Thick 40-60.5 parts of tungsten carbide powder,Thin 15-30 parts of tungsten carbide powder,12-15 parts of (W, Ti, Ta) C powder,Ti(C1-X,NX) 1-5 parts of powder, wherein 0.3≤X≤1,8-10 parts of cobalt powder,Wherein thick, fine grain tungsten carbide (WC) Fisher particle size ratio is 7-3:1,N content is 0.13-1.20% in above-mentioned mixture.
- A kind of 2. gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thick tungsten carbide Powder Particle Size is 2.5-5.6 μm.
- A kind of 3. gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thin tungsten carbide Powder Particle Size is 0.80-1.65 μm.
- 4. a kind of preparation method of the gradient hard alloy of heterogeneous texture according to claim 1,2 or 3, its feature exist In：Preparation method is as follows：Mixture is made after ball milling, compacting, sintering.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109852832A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-06-07 | 株洲金佰利硬质合金有限公司 | A kind of gradient hard alloy die press technology for forming |
| CN113215465A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 株洲美特优硬质合金有限公司 | Non-uniform material for hot forging |
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Application publication date: 20180417 |