CN107910884A - Battery energy storage stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation - Google Patents
Battery energy storage stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses the On-Line Control Method that a kind of battery energy storage stabilizes the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, determines that MPC controls variable based on whole year climbing incident duration statistical result：Controlling cycle, control time domain and optimization time domain, discharge and recharge rule is determined according to photovoltaic climbing rate in energy-storage system stored energy capacitance and MPC control time domains, determine the operating state of subsequent time energy-storage system, establish MPC optimizing control models, result of calculation is performed according to the thought energy-storage system of rolling optimization.The present invention is stabilized just for photovoltaic output pulsation beyond a certain range of big climbing event, can effectively reduce the configuration capacity and discharge and recharge number of energy-storage system；Control error to energy-storage system is reduced by continuous rolling optimization, photovoltaic generation is effectively stabilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the On-Line Control Method that a kind of battery energy storage stabilizes the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation.
Background technology
With environmental pollution and energy crisis, photovoltaic generation is more and more favored.Sent out energetically from China in 2011
Exhibition photovoltaic generation starts, and adds up installed capacity up to 77,420,000 kilowatts to 2016 end of the year photovoltaic generations, leaps to the first in the world.However,
Since photovoltaic generation power is influenced by many factors such as weather, solar radiation, temperature, there is very strong fluctuation and randomness.
As permeability increases, large-scale photovoltaic is grid-connected to cause harmful effect to power grid.Therefore, the electric energy of photovoltaic generation how is improved
Quality, the grid-connected harm to power grid of reduction are subject to attention increasingly.
The strong effective measures of current solution photovoltaic plant fluctuation and randomness are that certain capacity is configured in photovoltaic plant
Energy storage.Exported by the smooth photovoltaic of energy storage, improve photovoltaic electric station grid connection power characteristic.Domestic and foreign scholars control energy-storage system
Operation reserve has carried out a series of researchs.Grid-connected power such as is calculated using filtering algorithm, and is based on the charged shape of energy-storage system
Time constant filter is adjusted in state, adjusts energy-storage system output power in real time.It is another to there is technology to propose to use hybrid energy-storing system
System stabilizes regenerative resource power swing, carries out scaling down processing to wave portion, high-frequency fluctuation is put down using power-type energy storage
Suppression, low-frequency fluctuation are stabilized using energy type energy storage.The studies above is not directed to photovoltaic generation own characteristic, proposes specific aim
Energy-storage system operation reserve.Photovoltaic generation can be significantly improved in cloudy weather fluctuation；Fine day or rainy weather go out fluctuation
Property can be smaller, be not required energy storage to stabilize and just disclosure satisfy that networking standard in most cases.For photovoltaic generation feature, separately there is text
Offer and propose a kind of new method for stabilizing photovoltaic generation, this method is charged according to the climbing rate size and energy-storage system of photovoltaic generation
State dynamic adjustment energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power.The big climbing thing of photovoltaic generation can be stabilized under the premise of limited stored energy capacitance
Part；Also document proposes the variable element slope control based on ultra-short term prediction to improve the ability of the smooth photovoltaic fluctuation of energy-storage system
Method processed.But the studies above is all based on historical data and is analyzed, the prediction of photovoltaic generation is not accounted for, can not realize storage
The On-line Control operation of energy system.Also document controls photovoltaic power prediction model applied to energy-storage system.
But it is all based on the premise of photovoltaic prediction model do not have error, to realize to grid-connected work(in above-mentioned document
Effective adjusting of rate.Photovoltaic generation average forecasting error by cluster or physical prediction model method in 30 minutes at present
15% or so, accurate energy storage On-line Control can not be realized with conventional method.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is proposed that a kind of battery energy storage stabilizes the online of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation
Control method, the present invention carry out On-line Control using MPC to energy-storage system, realize to the photovoltaic output big climbing event of ultra-short term
Effectively stabilize.With the optimal capacity offset of photovoltaic fluctuation amount, energy-storage system and energy-storage system output quadratic sum in MPC controlling cycles
Minimum target, rolling optimization, strengthening system reply light are carried out by the feedback of grid-connected power, energy-storage system state-of-charge
Volt exports instable ability.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of battery energy storage stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, based on whole year climbing event duration
Time statistical result determines that MPC controls variable：Controlling cycle, control time domain and optimization time domain, according to energy-storage system stored energy capacitance
Discharge and recharge rule is determined with photovoltaic climbing rate in MPC control time domains, is determined the operating state of subsequent time energy-storage system, is established
MPC optimizing control models, result of calculation is performed according to the thought energy-storage system of rolling optimization.
Further, gone out with the optimal capacity offset of photovoltaic fluctuation amount, energy-storage system and energy-storage system in MPC controlling cycles
The minimum target of power quadratic sum, rolling optimization is carried out by the feedback of grid-connected power, energy-storage system state-of-charge.
Further, MPC control systems are according to photovoltaic output power, the state-of-charge of BESS and grid-connected Feedback of Power
To adjust the output power of energy-storage system in real time.
Further, MPC control systems obtain prediction time domain T using prediction modelpInterior predicted value, according to optimization aim
Obtain optimal control sequence.
Further, the big climbing event of photovoltaic is stabilized using advanced big climbing control method.Specifically, advanced big climbing control
The operating state for based on the possibility that climbing event occurs greatly in following setting time, determining energy-storage system is made, if currently and not
Come in forecast interval, photovoltaic generation is not in big climbing event, and energy-storage system is failure to actuate；If current or future anticipation area
It is interior that big climbing event occurs, it is necessary to determine energy-storage system charging and discharging state according to different scenes.
Further, future time instance photovoltaic generation is predicted into determining as current time control energy-storage system discharge and recharge action
Qualitative factor, is divided into energy storage using current time energy-storage system SOC states as auxiliary sexual factor, the charge and discharge control strategy of BESS
System is failure to actuate, is charged and discharged three kinds of states.
Further, the big climbing state-event spatial model of photovoltaic generating system：
In formula, at intervals of BESS controlling cycles, x (k), u (k), r (k), y (k) are respectively that t moment passes through by k=1,2,3 ... M
The predicted value that derivation algorithm obtains, x (k) predict charge-discharge electric power P ' for energy-storage systemBE(k | t), u (k) is grid-connected prediction
Power P 'COM(k | t), r (t) predicts power P for photovoltaic generation 'PV(k|t)；Y (k) predicts residual capacity E ' for BESSBE(k|t)；
1/60 is BESS controlling cycles Tc=1min=1/60h.
Further, object function is：
In formula, EBESTFor energy-storage system optimum state stored energy capacitance, wherein β1、β2、β3The ratio of respectively each control targe
Weight coefficient, three sum terms are represented to grid-connected power swing, the optimal stored energy capacitance deviant of energy-storage system and energy-storage system respectively
The optimization of charge-discharge electric power.
Object function needs to meet that the constraint of energy-storage system output power, energy storage system capacity constraint and grid-connected photovoltaic power are put down
Press down effect constraint.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1) present invention is stabilized just for photovoltaic output pulsation beyond a certain range of big climbing event, can be effectively reduced
The configuration capacity and discharge and recharge number of energy-storage system；
2) present invention carries out photovoltaic generation effective by control error of the continuous rolling optimization reduction to energy-storage system
Stabilize；
3) present invention at the time of photovoltaic stabilization output meets that power grid networking requires, be failure to actuate, and can extend by energy-storage system
Energy-storage system service life, improves photovoltaic utilization rate.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are used to explain the application, do not form the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is light-preserved system structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is PREDICTIVE CONTROL basic principle figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the annual incident duration probability statistics schematic diagram of climbing of the present invention；
Fig. 4 rolls the method for average for the present invention and stabilizes design sketch；
Fig. 5 is energy-storage system control flow chart；
Fig. 6 is to stabilize effect diagram with current control coordinated operation in advance based on MPC.
Fig. 7 stabilizes effect diagram for moving average method.
Embodiment：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that described further below is all illustrative, it is intended to provides further instruction to the application.It is unless another
Indicate, all technical and scientific terms that the present invention uses have leads to the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
In the present invention, term as " on ", " under ", "left", "right", "front", "rear", " vertical ", " level ", " side ",
The orientation or position relationship of instructions such as " bottoms " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only to facilitate describing this hair
Bright each component or component structure relation and definite relative, not refer in particular to either component or element in the present invention, it is impossible to understand
For limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention, term such as " affixed ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and expression can be fixedly connected,
Can also be integrally connected or be detachably connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary.For
The related scientific research of this area or technical staff, can determine the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention as the case may be,
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
As background technology is introduced, in the prior art by cluster or physical prediction model method in 30 minutes
Photovoltaic generation average forecasting error 15% or so, the deficiency of accurate energy storage On-line Control can not be realized with conventional method,
In order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes the On-line Control side that battery energy storage stabilizes the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation
Method.
In view of advanced On-line Control ability excellent MPC, the present invention proposes to carry out in line traffic control energy-storage system using MPC
System, realizes effectively stabilizing to the photovoltaic output big climbing event of ultra-short term.With photovoltaic fluctuation amount, energy storage system in MPC controlling cycles
The minimum target of optimal capacity offset and energy-storage system output quadratic sum of uniting, it is charged by grid-connected power, energy-storage system
The feedback of state carries out rolling optimization, and strengthening system reply photovoltaic exports instable ability.First, the present invention is based on whole year
Climbing incident duration statistical result determines that MPC controls variable：Controlling cycle, control time domain and optimization time domain.Then, propose
For the processing method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, according to photovoltaic climbing rate in energy-storage system stored energy capacitance, MPC control time domains
With《Photovoltaic plant access electric power network technique regulation》In to photovoltaic plant power quality require create five discharge and recharge rules, determine under
The operating state of one moment energy-storage system.Finally, MPC optimizing control models are established, according to the thought energy-storage system of rolling optimization
Perform the first step command of result of calculation.Data are run by actual photovoltaic plant to be verified, which can be
Effectively on the premise of the processing big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, reach the various aspects such as energy-storage system state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number
Complex optimum.
Photovoltaic plant and energy-storage system (BESS) combined operation system as shown in Figure 1, the system mainly by photovoltaic plant, storage
Can system (BESS), MPC control systems composition.MPC control systems according to photovoltaic output power, BESS state-of-charge (SOC),
Grid-connected Feedback of Power to adjust the output power of energy-storage system in real time.
1)PPVFor photovoltaic plant output power, influenced that there is very strong fluctuation by weather, solar irradiance and temperature
And randomness.
2)PBEFor energy-storage system output power, photovoltaic plant output is stabilized in discharge and recharge alternating state, it is defeated to reduce photovoltaic
Go out power swing.Define PBEP during in discharge conditionBE＞ 0, P during in charged stateBE＜ 0.Energy-storage system is filled by specified
The constraint of discharge power, state-of-charge, expression formula are as follows：
-PBE,max≤PBE(t)≤PBE,max (1)
SOCmin≤SOC(t+Δt)≤SOCmax (2)
In formula, PBEFor energy-storage system maximum charge-discharge electric power, SOCmin、SOCmaxRespectively energy-storage system is minimum, maximum fair
Perhaps state-of-charge.
PCOMRear grid-connected power P is stabilized for photovoltaic plantCOM=PBE+PPV.Photovoltaic generation power participates in adjusting by energy-storage system
Xie Hou, synthesis output power PCOMFluctuation and randomness can be all effectively improved.
Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a kind of method that advanced closed ring optimal control is carried out based on prediction result.Its is basic
Principle is to obtain prediction time domain T using prediction modelpInterior predicted value, optimal control sequence is obtained according to optimization aim.Prediction
Basic principle is controlled as shown in Fig. 2, its 3 essential parts are：Prediction model, rolling optimization and feedback compensation.
MPC is applied to the two big advantages that the climbing of photovoltaic generation is stabilized：
1) MPC only implements energy-storage system according to optimization result the first step control of optimum results, passes through to export and ties
The feedback of fruit and energy-storage system state carries out roll correction, improves control accuracy.Due to photovoltaic generation comparison affected by environment
Substantially, the problem of predicting that error is still bigger, prediction error must take into consideration with traditional controls in advance method.MPC's is excellent
Change mode can constantly adjust control result, and control error is very small, therefore can predict and miss without considering photovoltaic generation for the time being
BESS control errors caused by difference.
2) by the prediction to following photovoltaic generation, more excellent control result can be obtained based on the current SOC of energy-storage system, kept away
Exempt from over-charging of battery and cross to put, greatly improve the service life of energy-storage system.
The selection of MPC controling parameters
The selection of MPC controling parameters needs to select suitable section according to photovoltaic plant output power curve feature.Fig. 3 is
Annual big climbing incident duration probability statistics figure.Based on annual statistical result, big incident duration length of climbing is in 1-
The probability of 5min reaches 80.3%.Provided in national standard Q/GW 617-2011 photovoltaic plant active power no more than 1min and
The maximum change limit value of 10min active power.Based on the big climbing event statistics result of photovoltaic plant and national standard, present invention definition
MPC control variables are as follows：
1) energy-storage system controlling cycle Tc：The time interval that On-line Control is carried out to energy-storage system of MPC, the present invention take TC
=1min, i.e., equal to the action cycle of energy-storage system and photovoltaic power prediction resolution ratio.
2) MPC optimization cycles To：The present invention takes To=30min, in order to more preferably play the advantage of Model Predictive Control, this hair
It is bright ultra-short term prediction model accuracy more accurately in the case of choose the larger period.So in mono- optimization cycle of MPC
It is interior that there are 30 controlling cycles.
3) the optimization time domain P=T of time domain P, MPC are optimizedo/Tc=30min/1min=30.
Time domain M is controlled, the present invention takes M=P.
The variable quantity that is generally defined as during unit interval photovoltaic generation output power of the electric utility for event of climbing.
If time interval △ t are extremely short, ignore the climbing λ calculation formula of the possibility, then photovoltaic generation of event of climbing greatly in time interval
It is as follows,
Wherein, PPV(t+ Δ t) and PPV(t) it is divided into for t+ △ t and t moment photovoltaic generation output power.
Big climbing event is more than a threshold value for climbing rate in the unit time, i.e.,：λ ＞ λval.Wherein λ is climbing rate, λval
Change national standard threshold limit value for photovoltaic plant active power.
Traditional photovoltaic output power stabilizes mode to roll the method for average, and this method passes through to rolling photovoltaic generation in section
Power is averaged definite photovoltaic and stabilizes result.Although this method can reduce photovoltaic output pulsation, required energy-storage system
Capacity configuration is bigger, and energy-storage system needs frequent discharge and recharge, less economical；It is high to photovoltaic prediction accuracy dependency degree, easily go out
Existing discharge and recharge malfunction, can not realize effectively stabilizing to the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation.
Fig. 4 is typical day 12：00—15:00 photovoltaic generation power curve, using 20min be roll average time section to light
Volt output carries out stabilizing result curve figure.Although the method can be handled most climbing events, but still have part area
There is high-power fluctuation and does not meet national standard even in domain.In some regions, such as 13:20—13:40 photovoltaic output pulsations are very
Small, energy storage, which need not carry out discharge and recharge, can just meet the requirement that networks, and the energy-storage system service life can be only lost in the applying rolling method of average this moment,
Do not contribute to the stabilization of power grids.Historical data can play current time energy storage discharge and recharge policy-making in rolling section,
The insignificant discharge and recharge of energy-storage system may be caused even to occur to fill by mistake and misplace.
The method of average is rolled using whole day for the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, can not both realize has big climbing event
Effect is stabilized, and is that one kind of energy storage resource is wasted again at the time of fluctuation is smaller, so the present invention proposes that one kind stabilizes light
The new method of the big climbing event of volt --- advanced big climbing control method.Advanced big climbing control is based on future 1min and 30min
The possibility that interior big climbing event occurs, determines the operating state of energy-storage system.If in current and future forecast interval, photovoltaic hair
Electricity is not in big climbing event, and energy-storage system is failure to actuate；If big climbing thing occurs in current or future anticipation section
Part according to different scenes, it is necessary to determine energy-storage system charging and discharging state.Future time instance photovoltaic generation was predicted as current time
The deciding factor of energy-storage system discharge and recharge action is controlled, current time energy-storage system SOC states as aiding in sexual factor, with
The charge and discharge control strategy of this BESS is divided into three kinds of states, five kinds of situations：
(1) energy-storage system is failure to actuate.
If a. photovoltaic output does not occur big climbing event in current time and predetermined period, formula is specifically mathematically represented as
(4), then energy-storage system is failure to actuate PBE(t)=0.
TcFor BESS controlling cycles, the present invention takes 1min；K=1,2 ..., (M-1), photovoltaic generation output power PPV
All without the big climbing event of appearance in MPC control time domains M.
(2) energy-storage system charges
If b. there is the big climbing event of convex and is mathematically represented as formula 3, it is necessary to be charged i.e. to energy-storage system in current time：
PBE(t) ＜ 0.Electric energy is absorbed by energy-storage system, reduces grid-connected power climbing rate, realizes to the effective of photovoltaic generation power
Stabilize.
C. current time does not occur big climbing event, occurs the big climbing event of concave and energy-storage system energy storage in predetermined period
Capacity is less than total capacity 1/2 i.e. SOC≤0.5 or energy-storage system without sufficient remaining capacity to the big climbing thing of predetermined period inner concave shape
Part is effectively stabilized, it is necessary to be charged to energy-storage system to tackle the following big climbing event being likely to occur, i.e.,：PBE(t)
＜ 0.
Wherein, EBE(t) it is energy-storage system current residual electricity.Work as K=1,2 ..., when (M-1), in MPC control time domains M
Interior appearance big climb event and PPV(t+(K+1)TC) ＜ PPV(t+KTC) situation be considered as photovoltaic generation output power and predicting
The big climbing event of concave occurs in cycle.If energy-storage system remaining capacity is than relatively low at the same time, even if current photovoltaic generation compares
Stabilization is also required to charge to energy-storage system, is ready for following big climbing event.
(3) energy storage system discharges
D. there is the big climbing event of concave in current time, exports energy-storage system release part electric energy to stabilize photovoltaic, makes up
Unexpected reduce of photovoltaic output power be：PBE(t) ＞ 0.
C. current time does not occur big climbing event, occurs the big climbing event of convex and energy-storage system energy storage in predetermined period
Capacity is that SOC >=0.5 or energy-storage system do not have enough remaining spaces to absorb the big climbing of future time instance convex higher than total capacity 1/2
The electric energy of event is, it is necessary to discharge energy-storage system to tackle the following big climbing event of convex being likely to occur i.e.：PBE(t) ＞
0。
Wherein, EBEallFor the total configuration capacity of energy-storage system.EBEall- EBE(t) it is the remaining chargeable capacity of energy-storage system.When
K=1,2 ..., when (M-1), there is big climbing event and P in MPC optimization time domains MPV(t+(K+1)TC) ＞ PPV(t+KTC)
Situation is considered as photovoltaic generation output power and the big climbing event of convex occurs in predetermined period.If energy-storage system is remaining at the same time
Chargeable capacity is lower, even if being also required to discharge to energy-storage system in the case that current photovoltaic generation is more stable, is
Following big climbing event is ready.
This control method can be directed to the characteristics of photovoltaic generation, and big climbing event is effectively treated.Broken sky, cloud layer
The big climbing event appearance of ultra-short term caused by movement is more frequent, and this control method can preferably be located than the conventional scroll method of average
Manage the big climbing event of ultra-short term；Fine day, photovoltaic generation is more stable, in most cases 1min and 10min active power change symbol
National photovoltaic generation networking standard is closed, in this case, the method can effectively reduce the discharge and recharge number of energy-storage system, increase
Its service life.
The result of advanced big climbing control method is only to determine the operating state of current time energy-storage system, and for storage
The energy specific charge-discharge electric power of system does not carry out quantitative calculating.For this reason, this section is on the basis of MPC control theories, with photovoltaic
Export climbing rate, energy-storage system state-of-charge deviates ideal value and the foundation of grid-connected power variation quadratic sum minimum target is excellent in real time
Change Controlling model, determine the specific charge-discharge electric power of energy-storage system.During control, grid-connected power, energy-storage system SOC etc.
Can constantly it be fed back, it is convenient to adjust energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power in time according to actual conditions.
The big climbing state-event spatial model of photovoltaic generating system：
In formula, k=1,2,3 ... M are at intervals of BESS controlling cycles.X (k), u (k), r (k), y (k) are respectively that t moment passes through
The predicted value that derivation algorithm obtains, x (k) predict charge-discharge electric power P ' for energy-storage systemBE(k | t), u (k) is grid-connected prediction
Power P 'COM(k | t), r (t) predicts power P for photovoltaic generation 'PV(k|t)；Y (k) predicts residual capacity E ' for BESSBE(k|t)；
1/60 is BESS controlling cycles Tc=1min=1/60h.
In BESS controlling cycles TcIt is interior, climbing rate is exported with photovoltaic, energy-storage system state-of-charge deviates ideal value and grid-connected
The minimum target of power variation quadratic sum.Object function is：
In formula, EBESTFor energy-storage system optimum state stored energy capacitance, wherein β1、β2、β3The ratio of respectively each control targe
Weight coefficient.Three sum terms are represented to grid-connected power swing, the optimal stored energy capacitance deviant of energy-storage system and energy-storage system respectively
The optimization of charge-discharge electric power.Object function needs to meet that energy-storage system output power constrains, energy storage system capacity constrains and grid-connected
Photovoltaic power stabilizes effect constraint, respectively such as formula (11), formula (12) and formula (13)
-PBE,cmax≤x(k)≤PBE,dmax (11)
P in formulaBE,cmaxAnd PBE,dmaxRespectively energy-storage system maximum charge and discharge power；SOCmaxAnd SOCminRespectively
The minimum and maximum limit values of energy-storage system SOC；PCOM(t) the grid-connected power of synthesis determined for t moment MPC progress rolling optimizations；λval
For national Specification grid-connected photovoltaic power station 1min maximum climbing rates.
The optimization problem of MPC can be converted into solution, and one convex optimization --- quadratic programming (QP) method, its canonical form are：
X is the column vector that u (k) is formed in formula；H and f is respectively quadratic term and Monomial coefficient matrix；A is constraint factor
Matrix；B is column vector.
Make R=[r (0) ...]T (15)
X=[x (0) ...]T (16)
U=[u (1) ...)]T (17)
Y=[y (1) ...)]T (18)
R, X, U, Y, the first term of the actual execution U of energy-storage system, i.e. P are asked for by Novel AlgorithmBE(t+TC)=P 'BE(1
| t)=u (1).Subsequent time：T=t+TCWhen, to PCOM、PPV、PBEIt is updated, and result is carried out feedback optimized.Pass through MPC
The thought of rolling optimization, but subsequent time energy storage output power optimal value is obtained, realize that the online of energy-storage system optimizes control
System, its control flow chart are as shown in Figure 5.
In order to verify the validity of institute's extracting method of the present invention, the present invention utilizes the medium-sized photovoltaic plant actual motions of Ningxia 20MW
Data are verified.The photovoltaic plant installed capacity is 20MW, and energy-storage system uses lithium ion battery, and rated capacity is configured to
2MWh, specified charge-discharge electric power are 5MW.The operating temperature of lithium ion battery is -25 DEG C -45 DEG C suitable Ningxia, China temperature
Temperature difference environmental quality specific greatly, the characteristic of energy fast charging and discharging have great advantage to handling big climbing event, have the circulation longevity
Order the advantage such as long, bigger than energy.Rolled by event handling effect of climbing after stabilizing, SOC amplitudes of variation for evaluating standard with conventional
The dynamic method of average and non-MPC methods are contrasted.
The a certain broken sky operation data of the photovoltaic plant are extracted, are based respectively on the method for the present invention and moving average method to photovoltaic
Big climbing event is exported to be handled, by the discharge and recharge number of energy-storage system during stabilizing, climbing event handling effect,
SOC amplitudes of variation contrast institute's extracting method of the present invention with the conventional scroll method of average for evaluating standard.At event of wherein climbing
Effect is managed by climbing aggregate-value FPVCalculation formula (14) and stabilize adverse grade degree more than national standard number M measure.Result of calculation
As shown in table 1.
1 result of calculation of table
Can be obtained by above-mentioned numerical results, institute's extracting method of the present invention while energy-storage system discharge and recharge number is effectively reduced,
Change to the treatment effect, energy-storage system SOC of big climbing event all has advantage than conventional method.In energy-storage system discharge and recharge
In statistics, institute's extracting method of the present invention reduces 51.32%, 67.11% respectively, and two methods SOC amplitudes of variation are more close, but
The method of the present invention has small advantage.The method of the present invention is because big in short-term for photovoltaic generation to be shown to big climbing handling result
Event is handled, so big climbing number is 0 after stabilizing, and conventional method still has 7 times big climbing event to occur after stabilizing.
Since the method for the present invention is failure to actuate at the time of not occurring climbing greatly event, thus the climbing more conventional method of aggregate-value have it is certain weak
Gesture, but have no adverse effects to electric system.
Effect, energy-storage system discharge and recharge situation and its SOC states are stabilized during being stabilized for further research, stabilizes process
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7.Using advanced and current control method for coordinating of the present invention based on MPC, stabilize that the result is shown in 9:00—
11:00 is smaller due to climbing, so energy-storage system is failure to actuate substantially；10:50—12:30 since big climbing event is relatively more,
Energy-storage system action is more frequent；13:00—15:00 big climbing event is relatively fewer, and energy-storage system only acts when necessary；
15:00—17:00 photovoltaic generation power steady decrease, energy-storage system are failure to actuate substantially.17:00-18:00 is worked as due to energy-storage system
Preceding SOC is not up to 0.8, so energy-storage system charges always is charged to electricity 80%, stabilizes and prepares for the photovoltaic system of second day.
Ensure stabilize effect while, energy-storage system SOC is between 0.2-0.9, energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power ± 10MW it
Between, SOC and charge-discharge electric power are within zone of reasonableness.Photovoltaic output is carried out using moving average method to stabilize the results show cunning
The dynamic method of average can export photovoltaic and play certain fluctuation stabilized effect, reduce photovoltaic generation.But sent out in photovoltaic
In the process of electricity, energy-storage system, which takes, carries out discharge and recharge conversion at quarter, influences energy-storage system service life.
To sum up verification can obtain, and energy-storage system On-line Control operation method proposed by the invention being capable of timely and effective processing light
The big climbing event of volt power generation.Control strategy based on MPC, realizes the timely adjustment of photovoltaic output prediction, accurate to lifting control
True property has remarkable effect；Controls in advance and current control coordinated operation, are not only effectively treated current big climbing event,
And sufficient preparation is carried out to the following big climbing event of processing；Control method of the present invention stablizes output in photovoltaic and meets that power grid networks
It is required that at the time of, energy-storage system is failure to actuate, and can extend energy-storage system service life, improves photovoltaic utilization rate.Actual motion number
According to the result shows that, institute's extracting method of the present invention ensure to stabilize result meet to network require, effectively processing big climbing event while,
Energy-storage system SOC is in zone of reasonableness, is effectively reduced energy-storage system discharge and recharge number, is improved its service life.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the application, the application is not limited to, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Although above-mentioned be described the embodiment of the present invention with reference to attached drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications that can be made or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of battery energy storage stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is characterized in that：Climbed based on whole year
Incident duration statistical result determines that MPC controls variable：Controlling cycle, control time domain and optimization time domain, according to energy-storage system
Photovoltaic climbing rate determines discharge and recharge rule in stored energy capacitance and MPC control time domains, determines the action shape of subsequent time energy-storage system
State, establishes MPC optimizing control models, and result of calculation is performed according to the thought energy-storage system of rolling optimization.
2. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：It is minimum with the optimal capacity offset of photovoltaic fluctuation amount, energy-storage system in MPC controlling cycles and energy-storage system output quadratic sum
For target, rolling optimization is carried out by the feedback of grid-connected power, energy-storage system state-of-charge.
3. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：MPC control systems adjust storage in real time according to photovoltaic output power, the state-of-charge of BESS and grid-connected Feedback of Power
The output power of energy system.
4. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：MPC control systems obtain prediction time domain T using prediction modelpInterior predicted value, optimum control is obtained according to optimization aim
Sequence.
5. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：The big climbing event of photovoltaic is stabilized using advanced big climbing control method.
6. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 5 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：Advanced big climbing control determines the dynamic of energy-storage system based on the possibility that climbing event occurs greatly in following setting time
Make state, if in current and future forecast interval, photovoltaic generation is not in big climbing event, energy-storage system is failure to actuate；If
Big climbing event occurs in current or future anticipation section, it is necessary to determine energy-storage system discharge and recharge shape according to different scenes
State.
7. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：Deciding factor using the prediction of future time instance photovoltaic generation as current time control energy-storage system discharge and recharge action,
Current time energy-storage system SOC state as auxiliary sexual factor, the charge and discharge control strategy of BESS be divided into energy-storage system be failure to actuate,
It is charged and discharged three kinds of states.
8. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：The big climbing state-event spatial model of photovoltaic generating system：
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In formula, at intervals of BESS controlling cycles, x (k), u (k), r (k), y (k) are respectively that t moment passes through solution by k=1,2,3 ... M
The predicted value that algorithm obtains, x (k) predict charge-discharge electric power P ' for energy-storage systemBE(k | t), u (k) is grid-connected pre- power scale
P’COM(k | t), r (t) predicts power P for photovoltaic generation 'PV(k|t)；Y (k) predicts residual capacity E ' for BESSBE(k|t)；1/60
For BESS controlling cycles Tc=1min=1/60h.
9. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 1 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：Object function is：
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In formula, EBESTFor energy-storage system optimum state stored energy capacitance, wherein β1、β2、β3The proportion system of respectively each control targe
Number, three sum terms are represented to grid-connected power swing, the optimal stored energy capacitance deviant of energy-storage system and energy-storage system charge and discharge respectively
The optimization of electrical power.
10. a kind of battery energy storage as claimed in claim 9 stabilizes the On-Line Control Method of the big climbing event of photovoltaic generation, it is special
Sign is：Object function needs to meet that the constraint of energy-storage system output power, energy storage system capacity constraint and grid-connected photovoltaic power are stabilized
Effect constrains.
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