CN107910572A - A kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generating system - Google Patents
A kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107910572A CN107910572A CN201710912433.8A CN201710912433A CN107910572A CN 107910572 A CN107910572 A CN 107910572A CN 201710912433 A CN201710912433 A CN 201710912433A CN 107910572 A CN107910572 A CN 107910572A
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- Prior art keywords
- storage material
- hydrogen storage
- reaction chamber
- hydrogen
- fuel cell
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generating system, above-mentioned fuel cell power generating system, including water tank, water pump, fuel cell unit, have the feature that, the water outlet of water tank is connected with the water inlet of water pump by pipeline, the water outlet of water pump and the first connector of reaction chamber are connected by pipeline, and the second connector of reaction chamber is connected with fuel cell unit by pipeline.Production hydrogen is hydrolyzed with vapor magnesium hydride in the present invention, and produces reaction heat, to be pyrolyzed the pyrolysis hot environment of hydrogen storage material, to make it to be pyrolyzed in high temperature environments and discharge hydrogen, and utilize the hydrogen supply fuel cell power generation produced.Above-mentioned processing mode, it is not necessary to extra heating equipment, the shortcomings that exempting extra weight, volume and consume energy；Meanwhile hydrogen storage material pyrolysis can also be used and put hydrogen suction thermal property, the cavity wall temperature of reaction chamber can be further reduced, the thickness that high temperature dwell sheath uses can be reduced, reduces small product size and weight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, more particularly to a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generation
Device.
Background technology
Hydrogen can be converted into electric energy by fuel cell.The source of hydrogen has two kinds, and one kind can be to be stored in container
High-pressure liquid hydrogen storage mode；Another kind is referred to as hydrogen storage material to be stored in inside material.High-pressure hydrogen storing mode has high pressure to let out
The danger of leakage, liquid hydrogen storage mode have the problem of heating liquid hydrogen boiling, and hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage mode is acknowledged as most safe
Hydrogen storage method.Hydrogen is extracted in hydrogen storage material, supply fuel cell is used, can generated electricity.
Magnesium hydride (MgH2) it is a kind of known hydrogen storage material, it can be reacted with water and produce hydrogen, and substantial amounts of heat is released, its
Chemical equation is MgH2(S)+H2O(l)=Mg (OH)2(S)+H2(g)↑, Δ H=-268kJ/mol.
Above-mentioned production hydrogen methods are called hydrolytic hydrogen production.In hydrolytic hydrogen production method, liquid water is squeezed into instead out of water tank with water pump
Answer chamber to produce hydrogen with magnesium hydride haptoreaction, then hydrogen importing fuel cell can be generated electricity, above-mentioned hydrolytic hydrogen production method lacks
Point is low with the reaction rate of magnesium hydride for liquid water so that the speed that hydrogen produces is low (or hydrogen flowing quantity is low), and directly leads
Cause the generated output of fuel cell low.
To solve the problems, such as that liquid water is low with magnesium hydride reaction rate, it is (anti-to be catalyzed that reaction promoter is added in the reaction
Answer mode or other modes to promote reaction) method be suggested, such as chlorate, NH are added in liquid water4Cl、MgCl2、
Citric acid, LaH3。
Add hydrolysis accelerating agent except directly improve using material cost in addition to, also one it is fatal the shortcomings that be exactly
When electric generator using fuel battery (or hydrolysis production hydrogen storage equipment) is in the handling process when tiltedly or just falling for caused by unexpected hectares, liquid water will
Fuel cell is flowed out to along hydrogen outlet, the liquid water impurity of this outflow is very much, it may be possible to acid or alkalescence, in some instances it may even be possible to
It is to carry MgH2Or Mg (OH)2Or the suspension liquid of MgO, this impurity liquid or suspension liquid, the film electricity of fuel cell will be covered
Pole, makes hydrogen can not be contacted with membrane electrode, and fuel cell power generation power is greatly reduced so that reducing fuel battery service life.
In addition, the valve on acid or akaline liquid corrosion pipeline and pipeline, what is more, corrosivity acidity or alkalies
State water along pipeline by fuel cell after, leak into outside, pollute user and environment, injure bigger is suspension
Know from experience obstruction hydrogen pipeline, cause hydrogen pipeline air pressure excessive and burst, cause danger.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it has been proposed that gaseous state-solid-state reaction (gas-solidreaction), that is, water vapour-hydrogen
Compound hydrolysis method, is not present liquid in the above method, it is not required that hydrolysis accelerating agent, can solve above-mentioned liquid water
The problem of solution production hydrogen.In water vapour-hydride hydrolysis method, liquid water is got from water tank with water pump, by heater,
Liquid water is vaporized into water vapour, and then water vapour enters reaction chamber and magnesium hydride haptoreaction generation hydrogen, then hydrogen is imported
Fuel cell can generate electricity.Because magnesium hydride hydrolysis is heat release, the temperature of reaction chamber can maintain more than 100 DEG C, height
The reaction chamber of temperature is not in liquid water, and hydrolysis releases heat and can be used and substitutes heater to make liquid water vapor
Into vapor.But common hydrogen storage material be required for hot environment (>Room temperature) it can just discharge hydrogen supply fuel cell
Use, such as Mg (BH4)2(NH3)2There are about 13wt.% high hydrogen storages, but about 380 DEG C of operating temperature；Such as SolidAB
(NH3BH3) there are about 16wt.% high hydrogen storages, but about 160 DEG C of operating temperature；Such as Mg (BH4)2There are about 11wt.% high hydrogen storages,
But about 350 DEG C of operating temperature.These elevated operating temperatures limit the use of these hydrogen storage materials, or use these hydrogen storage materials
Need additionally to heat, cause volume weight increase and energy consumption issues.
The content of the invention
For the above problem existing for existing field of fuel cell technology, one kind is now provided and is intended to reduce water reactor wall
Temperature, the hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell using thickness, reduction device volume and weight for reducing high temperature dwell sheath
Power generator.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
The first aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, applied in fuel cell power generating system,
Have the feature that, be equipped with barrier layer in reaction chamber, barrier layer surrounds to form closed area, and first is filled with closed area
Hydrogen storage material, the outside in relative closure region is equipped with the second hydrogen storage material in reaction chamber, also, reaction chamber is equipped with and is used to be passed through
Water vapour and the first connector for being connected with closed area and extension and connect successively with reaction chamber and closed area for leading to
Go out the second connector of hydrogen.
Also it can remove barrier layer in the present invention, the periphery of the first hydrogen storage material be directly piled up in by the second hydrogen storage material.
Above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, also has the feature that, the first hydrogen storage material is MgH2, the second hydrogen storage material
To be pyrolyzed hydrogen storage material.
Above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, also has the feature that, the first hydrogen storage material is to be pyrolyzed hydrogen storage material, second
Hydrogen storage material is MgH2。
Above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, also has the feature that, pyrolysis hydrogen storage material is selected from metal hydride, be situated between gold
Belong to hydrogen storage material (such as AB2 type hydrogen storage alloys, AB5 type hydrogen storage alloys), metal hydroboron (such as LiBH4、NaBH4、KBH4、
Be(BH4)2、Mg(BH4)2、Ca(BH4)2、Al(BH4)3、LiK(BH4)4、LiSc(BH4)4、LiMn(BH4)3Deng), metal nitrogen hydrogenation
Compound (such as Mg (NH2)2、Ca(NH2)2、Mg(BH4)2(NH3)2、LiNH2、Li2NH, Li-N-H, Li-Mg-N-H, Ca-N-H system,
Li-Mg-N-H、Li4MgCaN4H4Deng), metal alanates (such as NaAlH4、Na2LiAlH6、Na3AlH6、LiAlH4、KAlH4、Mg
(AlH4)2、NaAlH6-xFx、CaAlH5Deng), amino borane compound (such as NHBH, NH2BH2、NH3BH3、LiNH2BH3、
NaNH2BH3Deng), element hydride (such as LiH, NaH, KH, BeH2、MgH2、CaH2、AlH3、CH4、SiH4、NH3Deng) or liquid have
One or more in machine hydrogen storage material (such as benzene, toluene, hexamethylene, hexahydrotoluene, decahydronaphthalenes, tetrahydronaphthalene).
Above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, also has the feature that, barrier layer is selected from metallic plate, metal mesh, foaming gold
One or more in category, heat insulation foam, ceramic wool ceramic wafer or ceramic powders.
The second hydrogen storage material being arranged in the present invention outside closed area, can be Rotating fields, that is, be arranged at enclosed area
One or more in the top in overseas relative closure region, lower section, left or right side, also can in reaction chamber relatively above-mentioned envelope
Closed region is stuffed entirely with outside.
The second aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, applied in fuel cell power generating system,
Have the feature that, be equipped with barrier layer in reaction chamber, barrier layer surrounds to form closed area, and hydrogen storage material is equipped with closed area
Material, hydrogen storage material is by MgH2With pyrolysis hydrogen storage material be mixed to form, also, reaction chamber be equipped be used for be passed through water vapour and with resistance
The first connector that interlayer offsets and for pass-out hydrogen and the second connector for offseting with barrier layer.
Above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, also has the feature that, pyrolysis hydrogen storage material is selected from metal hydride, be situated between gold
Belong to hydrogen storage material (such as AB2 type hydrogen storage alloys, AB5 type hydrogen storage alloys), metal hydroboron (such as LiBH4、NaBH4、KBH4、
Be(BH4)2、Mg(BH4)2、Ca(BH4)2、Al(BH4)3、LiK(BH4)4、LiSc(BH4)4、LiMn(BH4)3Deng), metal nitrogen hydrogenation
Compound (such as Mg (NH2)2、Ca(NH2)2、Mg(BH4)2(NH3)2、LiNH2、Li2NH, Li-N-H, Li-Mg-N-H, Ca-N-H system,
Li-Mg-N-H、Li4MgCaN4H4Deng), metal alanates (such as NaAlH4、Na2LiAlH6、Na3AlH6、LiAlH4、KAlH4、Mg
(AlH4)2、NaAlH6-xFx、CaAlH5Deng), amino borane compound (such as NHBH, NH2BH2、NH3BH3、LiNH2BH3、
NaNH2BH3Deng), element hydride (such as LiH, NaH, KH, BeH2、MgH2、CaH2、AlH3、CH4、SiH4、NH3Deng) or liquid have
One or more in machine hydrogen storage material (such as benzene, toluene, hexamethylene, hexahydrotoluene, decahydronaphthalenes, tetrahydronaphthalene).
The third aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of fuel cell power generating system using above-mentioned hydrogen storage material reaction chamber,
Including water tank, water pump, fuel cell unit, have the feature that, the water outlet of water tank and the water inlet of water pump pass through pipe
Road connects, and the water outlet of water pump and the first connector of reaction chamber are connected by pipeline, the second connector and the combustion of reaction chamber
Material battery pack is connected by pipeline.
Above-mentioned fuel cell power generating system, also has the feature that, further includes heater, and heater is arranged on water pump
On pipeline between the first connector.
The beneficial effect of such scheme is：
With vapor-magnesium hydride hydrolysis production hydrogen in the present invention, and reaction heat is produced, to be carried to be pyrolyzed the pyrolysis of hydrogen storage material
For hot environment, it is pyrolyzed in high temperature environments and discharge hydrogen, and utilize the hydrogen supply fuel cell power generation produced.
Above-mentioned processing mode, it is not necessary to extra heating equipment, the shortcomings that exempting extra weight, volume and consume energy；Meanwhile hydrogen storage
The process of the high temperature release hydrogen of material is the endothermic reaction, therefore, puts hydrogen using hydrogen storage material pyrolysis and inhales thermal property, relative to
Vapor-magnesium hydride hydrolysis production hydrogen is used alone, can further reduce the cavity wall temperature of reaction chamber, reduce high temperature dwell sheath and use
Thickness, and reduce the volume and weight of device.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the hydrogen storage material reaction chamber provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In attached drawing：1st, reaction chamber, 2, barrier layer；3rd, the first hydrogen storage material；4th, the second hydrogen storage material；5th, the first connector；
6th, the second connector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained on the premise of creative work is not made it is all its
His embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that in the case where there is no conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not as limiting to the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the fuel cell reaction chamber provided in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this hair
In the fuel cell reaction chamber provided in bright embodiment, reaction chamber 1 is cylindrical shape, and barrier layer 2 is equipped with reaction chamber 1, is obstructed
Layer 2 surrounds to form closed area, is filled with the first hydrogen storage material 3 in closed area, the outside in relative closure region in reaction chamber 1
Equipped with the second hydrogen storage material 4, also, reaction chamber 1 is equipped with and is used to be passed through water vapour and is connected with the first of closed area connection
Mouthfuls 5 and extend and connect the second connector 6 for pass-out hydrogen with reaction chamber 1 and closed area successively, in the present embodiment
Barrier layer 2 is made of heat insulation foam.
The fuel cell reaction chamber provided in the present embodiment can be applied in fuel cell power generating system, above-mentioned fuel cell
Power generator specifically includes water tank, water pump, heater, fuel cell unit, and the water outlet of water tank and the water inlet of water pump lead to
Pipeline connection is crossed, the water outlet of water pump and the first connector of reaction chamber are connected by pipeline, the second connector of reaction chamber
It is connected with fuel cell unit by pipeline, heater is arranged on the pipeline between water pump and the first connector, in the present embodiment
In order to control hydrogen flowing quantity, one or more first connectors 5 can be used, to be controlled by controlling the intake of water vapour
The yield of hydrogen；In the present embodiment also can by selecting suitable pyrolysis hydrogen storage material to control the generation of hydrogen, this be because
It can be controlled whether to put hydrogen with equilibrium hydrogen pressure for pyrolysis hydrogen storage material or inhale hydrogen, specifically, some pyrolysis hydrogen storage materials have
Equilibrium hydrogen pressure, when Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is more than equilibrium hydrogen pressure, then hydrogen storage material inhales hydrogen；If hydrogen is less than equilibrium hydrogen pressure
During power, then hydrogen storage material can put hydrogen, therefore pyrolysis hydrogen storage material also serves as the buffering on total system for producing hydrogen.
, can be with after pyrolysis hydrogen storage material release hydrogen because pyrolysis hydrogen storage material can also inhale hydrogen in the present embodiment
Hydrogen is recharged again, with sharp Reusability.
Hydrogen is recharged in the present embodiment to be carried by exterior offer hydrogen or by the hydrogen of magnesium hydride hydrolysis generation
For.
It these are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit embodiments of the present invention and protection domain, it is right
For those skilled in the art, it should can appreciate that and all be replaced with being equal made by description of the invention and diagramatic content
Change and obviously change obtained scheme, should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, applied in fuel cell power generating system, it is characterised in that be equipped with the reaction chamber
Barrier layer, the barrier layer surround to form closed area, and the first hydrogen storage material, the reaction chamber are filled with the closed area
Inside the outside of relatively described closed area is equipped with the second hydrogen storage material, also, the reaction chamber is equipped with and is used to be passed through water vapour
And the first connector for being connected with the closed area and extension and connect successively with the reaction chamber and the closed area with
The second connector for pass-out hydrogen.
2. hydrogen storage material reaction chamber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first hydrogen storage material is MgH2, it is described
Second hydrogen storage material is pyrolysis hydrogen storage material.
3. hydrogen storage material reaction chamber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first hydrogen storage material is pyrolysis hydrogen storage
Material, second hydrogen storage material are MgH2。
4. the hydrogen storage material reaction chamber according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis hydrogen storage material is selected from gold
Belong to hydride, Jie's metal hydrogen storage material, metal hydroboron, metal-N-H, metal alanates, amino borane
One or more in compound, element hydride or liquid organic hydrogen storage material.
5. hydrogen storage material reaction chamber according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the barrier layer is selected from metallic plate, metal
One or more in net, foaming metal, heat insulation foam, ceramic wool ceramic wafer or ceramic powders.
6. a kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber, applied in fuel cell power generating system, it is characterised in that be equipped with the reaction chamber
Barrier layer, the barrier layer surround to form closed area, are equipped with hydrogen storage material in the closed area, the hydrogen storage material by
MgH2With pyrolysis hydrogen storage material be mixed to form, also, the reaction chamber be equipped be used for be passed through water vapour and with the enclosed area
First connector of domain connection and the second connector connected for pass-out hydrogen and with the closed area.
7. hydrogen storage material reaction chamber according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis hydrogen storage material is selected from metallic hydrogen
Compound, Jie's metal hydrogen storage material, metal hydroboron, metal-N-H, metal alanates, amino borane chemical combination
One or more in thing, element hydride or liquid organic hydrogen storage material.
8. a kind of fuel cell power generating system, including water tank, water pump, fuel cell unit, it is characterised in that further include such as right
It is required that the water inlet of 1-7 any one of them hydrogen storage material reaction chambers, the water outlet of the water tank and the water pump passes through pipe
Road connects, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the first connector of the reaction chamber by pipeline, and the of the reaction chamber
Two connectors are connected with the fuel cell unit by pipeline.
9. fuel cell power generating system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that further include heater, the heater
On pipeline between the water pump and first connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710912433.8A CN107910572A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | A kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generating system |
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| CN201710912433.8A CN107910572A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | A kind of hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and its fuel cell power generating system |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108793071A (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉市能智达科技有限公司 | A kind of no electrical heating quickly starts hydrogen storage material hydrogen production process and its device |
| CN112591709A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-02 | 武汉市能智达科技有限公司 | Carbon monoxide removing material and removing device |
| CN115400779A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-29 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Composite catalyst for accelerating hydrogen production by magnesium hydride and hydrogen production method |
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| CN115400779A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-29 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Composite catalyst for accelerating hydrogen production by magnesium hydride and hydrogen production method |
| CN115400779B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Composite catalyst for accelerating magnesium hydride hydrogen production and hydrogen production method |
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Application publication date: 20180413 |