CN107908809A - A kind of three axis free bend moulds coordinate optimum design method with guiding mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of three axis free bend moulds coordinate optimum design method with guiding mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107908809A CN107908809A CN201710878955.0A CN201710878955A CN107908809A CN 107908809 A CN107908809 A CN 107908809A CN 201710878955 A CN201710878955 A CN 201710878955A CN 107908809 A CN107908809 A CN 107908809A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
- B21D37/12—Particular guiding equipment, e.g. pliers; Special arrangements for interconnection or cooperation of dies
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Abstract
Coordinate optimum design method with guiding mechanism the invention discloses a kind of three axis free bend moulds, belong to metal forming technical field.The optimum design method is by the fit form of existing three bending shafts mould and guiding mechanism（It is free-standing and linear）It is changed to sphere contact type.Compared to traditional form, under the fit form, the movement of bending die is more stable in tube-forming processes, and rotational angle θ can obtain accurate control, and can make the minimum relative bending radius of three axis free bend equipment（R/D0）It is down to 2.5.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design of metal forming equipment die and assembling field, is specifically a kind of three axis free bend moulds
Coordinate optimum design method with guiding mechanism.
Background technology
3 D auto bending system need not can realize tubing, section bar, wire rod various in the case of more mold exchange
High-precision mouldless shaping under the conditions of bending radius.Existing 3 D auto bending apparatus can according to the freedom of motion of bending die
It is divided into three axis, five axis and six axis free bend systems.Compared to five axis and six axis equipment, bending die in three axis free bend equipment
It is only capable of actively realizing the translational degree of freedom of X, Y both direction, and its yaw motion is passive movement mode, and it is curved to generally require dependence
Qu Mo and the collective effect of spherical bearing, the mating connection of guiding mechanism are realized.The special connection shape of the two in three axis configurations
Formula make it that mould assembling structure is increasingly complex, and also resulting in bending die, there are several for shift length and deflection angle during the motion
What is limited.Due to the relatively minimal bending radius one of the presence of these geometry limitation, now three commercial axis free bend equipment
As be only 3.
The fit form of bending die and guiding mechanism is stand alone type and straight line in three domestic axis free bend equipment at present
Formula.Stand alone type refers to the three axis free bend configurations that bending die and guiding mechanism completely disengage.Under this form, bending die
Rotation becomes more uncontrollable, in order to control the corner of bending die to be unlikely to too big, often make spherical bearing and guiding mechanism away from
From very little, by bending mould and the hard-over of the contact-impact limit flexion mould of guiding mechanism, but this can make the mill of mould
Damage aggravation, service life reduce.Simultaneously because the rotational angle theta of bending die and the eccentricity of bending die do not have specific geometrical relationship,
But had a great influence by tubing feeding, cause the rotational angle theta of motion process bending die can exceed that its range angle, or even
After reaching predetermined eccentricity reverse-biased, the unstability of increase bending die movement also occurs for bending die.It is linear to refer in semi-section
Under, the busbar of bending die and guiding mechanism is straight line and three axis free bend configurations of circle tangent.Under this form, bending
Mould is during uplink, and the afterbody of bending die only has half to be contacted with guiding mechanism, and the other half takes off with guiding mechanism completely
From.This also causes the stage started in bending die downlink process, bending die afterbody do not contacted with guiding mechanism one it is semi-direct with
Guiding mechanism collides, and motion-affecting stability has also damaged mould.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve problem of the prior art, there is provided a kind of three axis free bend moulds and guiding mechanism cooperation are excellent
Change design method.The optimum design method be by the fit form of existing three bending shafts mould and guiding mechanism (stand alone type and
It is linear) it is changed to sphere contact type.Compared to traditional form, under the fit form, the fortune of bending die in tube-forming processes
Dynamic more stable, deflection angle θ can obtain accurate control, and can make the minimum relative bending radius of three axis free bend equipment
(R/D0) it is down to 2.5.
The key of the optimum design method is the bending die ball negative camber size for calculating guiding mechanism sphere-contact, specifically
Method is：In the timings of distance B mono- of bending die radius of a ball R0, guiding mechanism radius of a ball R1 and both centre ofs sphere, link in bending die
Vertex M on heart O and guiding mechanism, the perpendicular bisector for making OM hand over the center line O ' M of guiding mechanism in point N, and MN is and guiding mechanism ball
Radius of a ball R2 (R2=MN=ML × OM/O ' M=OM of the bending die ball negative camber of face contact2/ 2O ' M=(B2+R12)/2R1),
TM is projection line of the bending die afterbody negative camber in semi-section.
The three axis free bend moulds that the present invention designs are with bending die afterbody in guiding mechanism cooperation optimum design method with leading
It is tangent with guiding mechanism spherical outside surface all the time to the matched envelope surface of mechanism, and phase tangent line is closing, so as to fulfill curved
The stable motion of Qu Mo.
The centre of sphere of the envelope surface is conllinear with the guiding mechanism centre of sphere in initial position, its radius of a ball R2 and guiding mechanism
The distance B of radius of a ball R1 and the bending die centre of sphere to the guiding mechanism centre of sphere is related, i.e. R2=(B2+R12)/2R1。
The distance B and bending die of the real-time deflection angle θ of the bending die and the bending die centre of sphere to the guiding mechanism centre of sphere
Eccentricity U is related, i.e.,
The distance A and bending die eccentricity of the real-time angle of bend φ of the tubing and the bending die centre of sphere to guiding mechanism front end
U is related, i.e.,
The range of the bending die is 0.7 times of tube outer diameter, and its size and bending die and guiding mechanism
Physical dimension and geometric position have substantial connection.
The horizontal length ry of the bending die and the afterbody extended line of guiding mechanism sphere-contact by bending die maximum
Stroke Umax decisions, i.e.,
Under the fit form of the bending die and guiding mechanism sphere-contact, the range of bending die has 4 by several
What basic restrictive condition of relation, one bending die do not depart from guiding mechanism front end, secondly bending die is not sent out with guiding mechanism rear end
Raw collision, is not in contact and collides with bending die inner wall and spherical bearing thirdly tubing is pushed out after bending die endoporus, it four
Bending die rotational angle is less than design range angle (bending die left end is not across spherical bearing center line).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is：
1st, under the fit form of the bending die and guiding mechanism sphere-contact, compared to other fit systems, tubing
Angle of bend φ and its deviation γ smallers with bending die rotational angle theta
So as to reduce the cross section distortion and amount of deflection in tube-forming processes, the kinetic stability of equipment key mechanism can be increased, improved
The forming accuracy and forming limit of pipe fitting.
2nd, intersect at other fit systems, this method can reduce the bending die centre of sphere to the distance A of guiding mechanism front end and
Increase the eccentricity Umax of bending die, so as to reduce the attainable minimum bending radius of equipment institute
3rd, this method can make the minimum relative bending radius (R/D0) of three axis free bend equipment be down to 2.5.
4th, fully having played can realize that complex model hardware is curved possessed by tubing 3 D auto bending apparatus
The advantages of bent and flexible forming.
5th, the method for the present invention simple possible, production efficiency is high, has weight in engineering fields such as aerospace, nuclear power, automobiles
The engineering application value and obvious economic benefit wanted.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, bending die and guiding mechanism sphere-contact design diagram (semi-section).
Fig. 2, tubing 3 D auto bending apparatus schematic diagram.
The fit form of Fig. 3, bending die and guiding mechanism are freestanding schematic diagram.
The fit form of Fig. 4, bending die and guiding mechanism are linear schematic diagram.
The movement simplified schematic diagram of Fig. 5, bending die and the connection of guiding mechanism sphere.
The calculating schematic diagram of Fig. 6, bending die range.
The basic size schematic diagram of Fig. 7, bending die and guide sleeve.
In figure, 1- bending dies, 2- guiding mechanisms, 3- bending dies afterbody and the matched spherical envelope curved surface of guiding mechanism,
4- spherical bearings, 5- pipes.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, sphere contact type refers under semi-section, bending die and guiding mechanism are tangent (interior for circle and circle
Cut).
Fig. 2 is tubing 3 D auto bending apparatus schematic diagram, and Fig. 3 is that the fit form of bending die and guiding mechanism is independent
The schematic diagram of formula, Fig. 4 are that the fit form of bending die and guiding mechanism is linear schematic diagram.In figure, 1- bending dies, 2- is led
To mechanism, 3- bending dies afterbody and the matched spherical envelope curved surface of guiding mechanism, 4- spherical bearings, 5- pipes.1 tail of bending die
Portion's envelope surface 3 matched with guiding mechanism 2 is tangent with guiding mechanism spherical outside surface all the time, and phase tangent line is closing, from
And realize the stable motion of bending die.
The key of the optimum design method is the bending die ball negative camber size for calculating guiding mechanism sphere-contact, specifically
Method is：In the timings of distance B mono- of bending die radius of a ball R0, guiding mechanism radius of a ball R1 and both centre ofs sphere, link in bending die
Vertex M on heart O and guiding mechanism, the perpendicular bisector for making OM hand over the center line O ' M of guiding mechanism in point N, and MN is and guiding mechanism ball
Radius of a ball R2 (R2=MN=ML × OM/O ' M=OM of the bending die ball negative camber of face contact2/ 2O ' M=(B2+R12)/2R1),
TM is projection line of the bending die afterbody negative camber in semi-section.
As shown in figure 5, under this form of sphere contact type, the real-time corner of bending die is related with bending die eccentricity,
It can be calculated by the following formula：
Fig. 6 illustrates after showing bending die translation plus rotating with calculating of the incision inferius on guide sleeve away from guide sleeve central horizontal distance
Figure.The calculating of upper incision inferius b, r horizontal distance rp, ab is as follows：
Rp=R1sin ∠ ro ' p；Ab=R1sin ∠ ao ' b, wherein
The basic size of bending die and guide sleeve is as shown in fig. 7, under this form of sphere contact type, bending die theoretical maximum
The basic restrictive condition of stroke：(1) bending die incision inferius does not deviate from guide sleeve front end i.e. vr=B-rp=B-R1sin ∠ ro ' p >=A；
(2) bending die incision superius does not deviate from rear end of conducting sleeve, i.e. ab=R1sin ∠ ao ' b≤C；(3) after tubing is pushed out bending die endoporus
I.e. γ=φ-θ ＜ α are not in contact and collided with bending die inner wall；(4) bending die, which rotates point in rear left, cannot cross start bit
Put the terminal contacted with spherical bearing i.e. θ=arctan (U/B)<π/2-α.In the bending die and guiding mechanism sphere-contact
Under fit form, by the theoretical calculation of above-mentioned formula, the range of bending die is about 0.7 times of tube outer diameter.Then lead to
Rational design die size is crossed, the minimum relative bending radius (R/D of three axis free bend equipment can be made0) it is down to 2.5.
Below in conjunction with the specific implementation example suitable for 3 kinds of target minimum bending radius (forming limit value), to the present invention
It is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Pipe outside diameter is D, and target minimum bending radius is 2.5D, and bending die limit eccentricity is 0.7D.In order to determine mould
The overall dimension of tool, calculates some sizes that can go out by above-mentioned basic forming requirements coaptation, for some not in advance
The size that can directly calculate determines based on experience value.Therefore the order that die size determines is：(1) determine bending die center with leading
To the distance A values of device front end：(2) some rulers that can not directly calculate are determined based on experience value
It is very little：B=2D, R0=1.8D, R1=1.2D, C=0.8D, α=60 °；(3) determine that bending die is matched spherical with guiding mechanism
The radius of a ball of envelope surface：R2=(B2+R12)/2R1=2.27D；(4) length of bending die afterbody spherical envelope curved surface is determined：(5) 4 basic restrictive conditions of bending die theoretical maximum stroke are examined：
Embodiment 2
Pipe outside diameter is D, and target minimum bending radius is 3.0D, and bending die limit eccentricity is 0.7D.In order to determine mould
The overall dimension of tool, calculates some sizes that can go out by above-mentioned basic forming requirements coaptation, for some not in advance
The size that can directly calculate determines based on experience value.Therefore the order that die size determines is：(1) determine bending die center with leading
To the distance A values of device front end：(2) determine what some can not directly be calculated based on experience value
Size：B=2.5D, R0=2.0D, R1=1.6D, C=1.0D, α=60 °；(3) determine that bending die is matched with guiding mechanism
The radius of a ball of spherical envelope curved surface：R2=(B2+R12)/2R1=2.75D；(4) length of bending die afterbody spherical envelope curved surface is determined
Degree：(5) 4 basic restrictive conditions of bending die theoretical maximum stroke are examined：
Embodiment 3
Pipe outside diameter is D, and target minimum bending radius is 3.5D, and bending die limit eccentricity is 0.7D.In order to determine mould
The overall dimension of tool, calculates some sizes that can go out by above-mentioned basic forming requirements coaptation, for some not in advance
The size that can directly calculate determines based on experience value.Therefore the order that die size determines is：(1) determine bending die center with leading
To the distance A values of device front end：(2) some rulers that can not directly calculate are determined based on experience value
It is very little：B=2.8D, R0=2.2D, R1=1.8D, C=1.2D, α=60 °；(3) bending die and the matched ball of guiding mechanism are determined
The radius of a ball of shape envelope surface：R2=(B2+R12)/2R1=3.07D；(4) length of bending die afterbody spherical envelope curved surface is determined
Degree：(5) 4 basic restrictive conditions of bending die theoretical maximum stroke are examined：
Concrete application approach of the present invention is very much, and the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvement can also be made, this
A little improve also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of three axis free bend moulds coordinate optimum design method with guiding mechanism, it is characterised in that：Bending die afterbody is with leading
It is tangent with guiding mechanism spherical outside surface all the time to the matched envelope surface of mechanism, and phase tangent line is closing.
2. three axis free bend mould according to claim 1 coordinates optimum design method with guiding mechanism, it is characterised in that：
The centre of sphere of the envelope surface is conllinear with the guiding mechanism centre of sphere in initial position, its radius of a ball R2 and guiding mechanism radius of a ball R1
And the distance B of the bending die centre of sphere to the guiding mechanism centre of sphere is related, i.e. R2=(B2+R12)/2R1。
3. three axis free bend mould according to claim 1 or 2 coordinates optimum design method with guiding mechanism, its feature exists
In：The distance B and bending die eccentricity of the real-time deflection angle θ of the bending die and the bending die centre of sphere to the guiding mechanism centre of sphere
U is related, i.e.,
4. three axis free bend mould according to claim 1 or 2 coordinates optimum design method with guiding mechanism, its feature exists
In：The real-time angle of bend φ of the tubing and the distance A and bending die eccentricity U of the bending die centre of sphere to guiding mechanism front end have
Close, i.e.,
5. three axis free bend mould according to claim 1 or 2 coordinates optimum design method with guiding mechanism, its feature exists
In：The range of the bending die is 0.7 times of tube outer diameter.
6. three axis free bend mould according to claim 1 or 2 coordinates optimum design method with guiding mechanism, its feature exists
In：The horizontal length ry of the bending die and the afterbody extended line of guiding mechanism sphere-contact by bending die range
Umax decisions, i.e.,
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710878955.0A CN107908809B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Optimization design method for cooperation of three-axis free bending die and guide mechanism |
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| CN201710878955.0A CN107908809B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Optimization design method for cooperation of three-axis free bending die and guide mechanism |
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| CN107908809B CN107908809B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111250575A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-09 | 西北工业大学 | Double-ball bowl type die for free bending forming process |
| CN114103039A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-01 | 常州星宇车灯股份有限公司 | Method and device for selecting optimal die drawing direction of plastic part |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU740345A2 (en) * | 1977-05-19 | 1980-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я М-5755 | Die for tube bending |
| CN203678967U (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江省仙居县博达异型橡塑有限公司 | Bending forming device for guide rail in sliding door |
| CN105666842A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 余姚中国塑料城塑料研究院有限公司 | Processing method of high-temperature thermoplastic composite product |
-
2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710878955.0A patent/CN107908809B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU740345A2 (en) * | 1977-05-19 | 1980-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я М-5755 | Die for tube bending |
| CN203678967U (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江省仙居县博达异型橡塑有限公司 | Bending forming device for guide rail in sliding door |
| CN105666842A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 余姚中国塑料城塑料研究院有限公司 | Processing method of high-temperature thermoplastic composite product |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111250575A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-09 | 西北工业大学 | Double-ball bowl type die for free bending forming process |
| CN111250575B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-01-05 | 西北工业大学 | Double-ball bowl type die for free bending forming process |
| CN114103039A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-01 | 常州星宇车灯股份有限公司 | Method and device for selecting optimal die drawing direction of plastic part |
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| CN107908809B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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