CN107907272B - Calibration device and method suitable for electromagnetic force measuring device of micro-thruster test system - Google Patents
Calibration device and method suitable for electromagnetic force measuring device of micro-thruster test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107907272B CN107907272B CN201711465747.4A CN201711465747A CN107907272B CN 107907272 B CN107907272 B CN 107907272B CN 201711465747 A CN201711465747 A CN 201711465747A CN 107907272 B CN107907272 B CN 107907272B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L27/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
- G01L27/002—Calibrating, i.e. establishing true relation between transducer output value and value to be measured, zeroing, linearising or span error determination
- G01L27/005—Apparatus for calibrating pressure sensors
Abstract
The invention provides a calibration device suitable for an electromagnetic force measuring device of a micro-thruster test system and a method for acquiring the relation between current and electromagnetic moment by using the calibration device, wherein the calibration device comprises a bracket, a two-dimensional regulator, the electromagnetic force measuring device, a dowel bar, a suspension wire, a heavy object, a non-magnetic conduction objective table and an electronic analytical balance; when the steady flow circuit provides working current for the electromagnetic force measurer, the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measurer enables the dowel bar to generate a pulling force in the Z direction on the suspension wire; the electromagnetic force measuring device, the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the weight form a lever device; the electronic analytical balance is used for measuring the tensile force applied to the weight; the calibration device adopts ampere law and moment balance principle to convert the tiny electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device into the pulling force to the weight, then uses the electronic analytical balance to display the indication change value of the weight, calculates the pulling force to which the weight is subjected, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic moment to be measured, and has simple operation, control and use and easy grasp in the whole calibration process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of force measurement, and particularly relates to a calibration device for an electromagnetic force measuring device of a micro-thruster test system and a method for acquiring a relation between current and electromagnetic moment by using the calibration device.
Background
With advances and developments in science and technology, small satellites are receiving more and more attention and application. At the same time, thrusters for satellite attitude and orbit adjustments are also compatible. The micro-thruster test system is used to measure the thrust of a micro-thruster, typically between μn and mN. In the development and verification of test systems, a force measuring device is required that can simulate a minute thrust. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a calibration device suitable for an electromagnetic force measuring device of a micro-thruster test system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration device suitable for an electromagnetic force measuring device of a micro-thruster test system and a method for acquiring the relation between current and electromagnetic moment by using the calibration device.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the calibration device suitable for the electromagnetic force measuring device of the micro thruster test system comprises a bracket, a two-dimensional regulator, the electromagnetic force measuring device, a dowel bar, a suspension wire, a heavy object, a non-magnetic conduction objective table and an electronic analytical balance; the electromagnetic force measuring device is externally connected with a current stabilizing circuit, and the current stabilizing circuit provides working current for the electromagnetic force measuring device; the support base is arranged on the base of the electronic analytical balance; the bracket consists of a left supporting rod, a right supporting rod, a horizontal supporting rod and a fixing rod, wherein the fixing rod is used for connecting the bracket with the two-dimensional regulator, and the fixing rod is mutually perpendicular to the horizontal supporting rod; the left base and the right base of the bracket are provided with manual horizontal displacement tables, and base displacement knobs of the manual horizontal displacement tables are used for enabling the two-dimensional regulator to move in the Y direction; an electromagnetic force measuring device is fixed on a two-dimensional regulator fixing rod of the two-dimensional regulator, and an X-direction displacement knob and a Z-direction displacement knob of the two-dimensional regulator are respectively used for enabling the electromagnetic force measuring device to move in the X direction and the Z direction; a small hole on one end of the dowel bar is fixedly connected with one end of the suspension wire, the other end of the dowel bar is fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft of the electromagnetic force measurer and is provided with a balance weight, and when the dowel bar rotates around the rotating shaft, the gravity center of the rotating part falls on the rotating shaft; the deflection adjusting knob of the electromagnetic force measuring device is also fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by rotating the deflection adjusting knob, so that the deflection adjusting operation is completed by rotating the dowel bar; one end of the suspension wire, which is not connected with the dowel bar, is fixedly connected with a weight; the weight is placed on the non-magnetic conduction objective table and is placed on the electronic analytical balance tray together with the non-magnetic conduction objective table; the electromagnetic force measuring device is suspended at the position right above the tray of the electronic analytical balance by rotating the manual horizontal displacement table and the displacement knob of the two-dimensional regulator,the dowel bar rotates in an XOZ plane; and the deflection adjusting knob is rotated, so that the positions of the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the weight are as follows: the dowel bar points to the X direction, the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the heavy object are in the XOZ plane, and the suspension wire and the dowel bar are mutually perpendicular; when the coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device passes through constant current, the generated electromagnetic moment is equal to the 'changing gravity moment' of the weight, wherein the electromagnetic moment is electromagnetic force F generated when the coil in uniform magnetic field passes through current 1 Width L of coil 1 Is a product of (2); the 'variable gravity moment' of the weight is the indication variable value delta M of the electronic analytical balance, the gravity acceleration g and the distance L between the small hole of the dowel bar and the rotating shaft of the electromagnetic force measuring device 2 The product of the three; the selection principle of the weight is as follows: weight moment mg.L of weight 2 Not less than electromagnetic moment F generated by electromagnetic force measuring device 1 ·L 1 The direction of the dowel bar in the whole force measuring process is the X direction, wherein m is the weight mass, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
Preferably, the electromagnetic force measuring device has an inner magnetic structure or an outer magnetic structure; the inner magnetic structure is that a permanent cylindrical magnet is positioned in a rectangular coil, and a magnetic conduction ring is sleeved outside the rectangular coil; the external magnetic structure is that the magnet is positioned outside the rectangular coil, the rectangular coil is positioned between the two pole soles, and the cylindrical iron core is positioned in the rectangular coil.
Preferably, the structure of the internal magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a fixed magnetic circuit system and a movable part; the magnetic circuit system includes: the magnetic induction lines of the cylindrical magnets are along the diameter direction of the round surface, and the air gaps between the magnetic induction rings and the cylindrical magnets are equal, so that a uniformly radiated magnetic field is formed in the air gaps; the cylindrical magnet and the magnetic conduction ring are fixed on the dynamometer bracket; the movable portion includes: the two sides are respectively positioned in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected with each other, bearings are matched with the rotating shaft, hairsprings are respectively wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft, the inner ends of the hairsprings are fixed with the rotating shaft, the outer ends of the hairsprings positioned on the front half section of the rotating shaft are fixed on the deflection adjusting knob, the outer ends of the hairsprings positioned on the rear half section of the rotating shaft are fixed on the bearings, the coiling directions of the hairsprings of the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft are needlepoint-shaped shaft tips, and the shaft tips are supported in grooves of the bearings.
Preferably, the structure of the external magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a movable part and a fixed magnetic circuit system; the magnetic circuit system comprises a permanent magnet, a magnetic yoke, a pole palm and a cylindrical iron core; the two fan-shaped pole soles are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core and are concentric, the cylindrical iron core is fixed on the outer magnetic type electromagnetic force measuring device bracket and is used for reducing magnetic resistance and enabling an air gap between the pole soles and the iron core to generate a uniformly radiated magnetic field; the two magnetic yokes are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core, the permanent magnet and the pole palm are clamped between the upper magnetic yoke and the lower magnetic yoke, and the magnetic yokes play roles in magnetic focusing and magnetic transferring in the magnetic circuit system; the movable portion includes: the two sides are respectively positioned in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected with each other, bearings are matched with the rotating shaft, hairsprings are respectively wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft, the inner ends of the hairsprings are fixed with the rotating shaft, the outer ends of the hairsprings positioned on the front half section of the rotating shaft are fixed on the deflection adjusting knob, the outer ends of the hairsprings positioned on the rear half section of the rotating shaft are fixed on the bearings, the coiling directions of the hairsprings of the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft are needlepoint-shaped shaft tips, and the shaft tips are supported in grooves of the bearings.
Preferably, the suspension wire is a filament with a diameter not greater than 0.2 mm. The suspension wire is a filament with smaller tensile strain, namely, when the force is applied to the weight by the dowel bar through the filament in the Z direction, the filament is very small in deformation and almost no in deformation.
Preferably, the balance spring is a flat coil spring with smaller elastic modulus, namely, the reaction moment generated by the balance spring when the movable coil rotates around the rotating shaft is small, and the energized movable coil always keeps rotating around the rotating shaft without considering the reaction moment of the balance spring; the hairspring is rigidly fixed to the spindle and to the support.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for acquiring a relationship between a current and an electromagnetic moment by using the above device, comprising the steps of:
(1) The electromagnetic force measuring device is externally connected with a steady-flow circuit and provides direct current for a movable coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device;
(2) The magnetic field generated by the electrified movable coil interacts with the steady magnetic field between the air gaps to generate electromagnetic force, so that the movable coil has an action moment rotating around the rotating shaft, and the rotation moment acts on the dowel bar to enable the dowel bar to lift the heavy object upwards;
(3) The force transfer rod generates a vertical upward pulling force on the suspension wire, and the force transfer rod points to the X direction, namely the force transfer rod generates a Z-direction pulling force on the suspension wire;
(4) The suspension wire has a Z-direction pulling force on the weight, so that the pressure of the weight on the balance tray is changed;
(5) The electronic analytical balance utilizes the principle of an electromagnetic force automatic compensation circuit of the electronic analytical balance to generate electromagnetic force according to the reduction of pressure received on a tray, so that the pressure received on the tray and the electromagnetic force are a pair of balance forces, wherein the electromagnetic force generated by the electronic analytical balance is in direct proportion to an indication change value on a display screen, the electromagnetic force generated by an electromagnetic force measuring device is equal to the tension of a suspension wire on a weight, and the gravity of the weight has a resistance to a dowel bar rotating around a shaft through the suspension wire, so that a reaction moment is generated, which is also called a change gravitational moment; thereby balancing with the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device;
(6) Reading an indication change value delta M of an electronic analytical balance and a current value I of a current stabilizing circuit, and measuring the distance L between a small hole of a dowel bar and a rotating shaft of an electromagnetic force measuring device 2 The electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force applicator is obtained according to the moment balance principle, so that a trend line of the electromagnetic moment changing along with current is drawn, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device can be obtained according to the magnitude of working current of the electromagnetic force measuring device.
The measuring principle of the invention is as follows:
the electromagnetic force measuring device is supported by the support, and the manual horizontal displacement platform, the regulator and the deflection adjusting knob are utilized to enable the electromagnetic force measuring device to be suspended above the electronic analytical balance tray, so that the position relationship among the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the weight is as follows: the dowel bar points to the X direction, the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the heavy object are in the XOZ plane, and the suspension wire and the dowel bar are mutually perpendicular; when a certain current passes through the movable coil in the electromagnetic force measuring device, the movable coil rotates around the rotating shaft under the action of the generated electromagnetic moment due to the interaction of the uniform strong radiation magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the current-carrying coil; the dowel bar fixed with the rotating shaft also rotates, and the rotation of the dowel bar has a Z-direction tensile force on the weight through the suspension wire, so that the pressure of the weight on the electronic analytical balance tray is changed; the electronic analytical balance generates electromagnetic force according to the reduction of the pressure on the tray, so that the tension of the suspension wire to the weight is compensated. When the local gravity acceleration is known, the electromagnetic moment generated by the electronic analytical balance can be obtained through conversion of an indication change value on a display screen.
Assuming that the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device is T, the display change value of the electronic analytical balance is delta M, the measured local gravity acceleration is g, and the distance from the small hole of the dowel bar to the front half rotating shaft of the electromagnetic force measuring device is L 2 . The electromagnetic moment T generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device can be calculated according to the moment balance principle.
T＝ΔM·g·L 2 (1)
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the calibration device adopts ampere law and moment balance principle to convert the tiny electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic force measurer into the pulling force to the weight, then displays the indication change value of the weight by using an electronic analytical balance, calculates the pulling force to which the weight is subjected, and thus obtains the electromagnetic moment to be measured. Wherein, the weight moment of the weight is larger than the electromagnetic moment, the rotation angle displacement of the dowel bar and the movable coil is zero, and the influence caused by the reaction moment generated by the rotation of the movable coil of the hairspring is overcome; in addition, the calibration device simulates the thrust generated by the micro-thruster by adopting an electromagnetic method, and the electromagnetic method has the advantages of: 1. the amplitude can be continuously adjusted; 2. the linear relation is good; 3. is suitable for remote control in a vacuum environment. The whole test process is simple and convenient to operate, control and use and easy to master.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic rear view of the calibration device of the electromagnetic force measuring device of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the stent of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a top view of the internal magnetic structure of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a front cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the invention from the inside.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of electromagnetic moment generation according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a moment balance schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows a top view of the external magnetic structure of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows a front cross-sectional view of the external magnet of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the invention.
Fig. 10 shows the trend lines of the electromagnetic moment and current of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is an electronic analytical balance; 2 is a bracket base; 3 is a base displacement knob; 4 is a supporting rod; 5 is a horizontal supporting rod; 6 is a fixed rod; 7 is a two-dimensional regulator; 8 is a regulator fixing knob; 9 is an X-direction displacement knob of the regulator; 10 is a Z-direction displacement knob of the regulator; 11 is an electromagnetic force measuring device; 12 is a dowel bar; 13 is a suspension wire; 14 is a weight; 15 is a non-magnetic conductive object stage; 16 is an electronic analytical balance tray; 17 is a regulator fixing rod; 18 is a cylindrical magnet; 19 is a magnetic conductive ring; 20 is a movable rectangular coil; 21 is a force measuring device bracket; 22 is a deflection adjusting knob; 23 is an air gap; 24 is the hairspring; 25 is a bearing; 26 is a rotating shaft; 27 is a permanent magnet; 28 is a magnetic yoke; 29 is the polar palm; 30 is a cylindrical iron core; 31 is a stent.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a calibration device suitable for an electromagnetic force measuring device of a micro-thruster test system comprises a bracket 31, a two-dimensional regulator 7, an electromagnetic force measuring device 11, a dowel bar 12, a suspension wire 13, a weight 14, a non-magnetic conduction objective table 15 and an electronic analytical balance 1; the electromagnetic force measuring device 11 is externally connected with a current stabilizing circuit, and the current stabilizing circuit provides working current for the electromagnetic force measuring device; the bracket base 2 is arranged on the base of the electronic analytical balance 1; the bracket consists of a left supporting rod 4, a right supporting rod 4, a horizontal supporting rod 5 and a fixing rod 6, wherein the fixing rod 6 is used for connecting the bracket 31 and the two-dimensional regulator 7, and the fixing rod 5 and the horizontal supporting rod 6 are mutually vertical; the left and right bases of the bracket 31 are provided with manual horizontal displacement tables, and a base displacement knob 3 of each manual horizontal displacement table is used for enabling the two-dimensional regulator to move in the Y direction; an electromagnetic force measuring device 11 is fixed on a two-dimensional regulator fixing rod 17 of the two-dimensional regulator 7, and an X-direction displacement knob 9 and a Z-direction displacement knob 10 of the two-dimensional regulator are respectively used for enabling the electromagnetic force measuring device 11 to move in the X direction and the Z direction; a small hole on one end of the dowel bar 12 is fixedly connected with one end of the suspension wire 13, the other end of the dowel bar 12 is fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft 26 of the electromagnetic force measuring device and is provided with a balance weight, and when the dowel bar rotates around the rotating shaft 26, the gravity center of the rotating part falls on the rotating shaft 26; the deflection adjusting knob 22 of the electromagnetic force measuring device is also fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft 26, and the rotating shaft 26 is driven to rotate by rotating the deflection adjusting knob 22, so that the deflection adjusting operation of the dowel bar 12 is completed by rotating; the end of the suspension wire which is not connected with the dowel 12 is fixedly connected with a weight 14; the weight is placed on the non-magnetic carrier 15 and is placed on the electronic analytical balance tray 16 together with the non-magnetic carrier; the electromagnetic force measuring device is suspended at a position right above the electronic analytical balance tray by rotating the manual horizontal displacement table and the displacement knob of the two-dimensional regulator, and the dowel bar rotates in the XOZ plane; the deflection knob 22 is turned so that the dowel bar 12, suspension wire 13 and weight 14 are in the following positional relationship: the dowel bar points to the X direction and transmitsThe force rod, the suspension wire and the weight are in the XOZ plane, and the suspension wire and the dowel bar are mutually perpendicular; when the coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device passes through constant current, the generated electromagnetic moment is equal to the 'changing gravity moment' of the weight, wherein the electromagnetic moment is electromagnetic force F generated when the coil in uniform magnetic field passes through current 1 Width L of coil 1 Is a product of (2); the "variable gravity moment" of the weight is the indication change value delta M of the electronic analytical balance, the gravity acceleration g and the distance L between the small hole of the dowel bar and the rotating shaft 26 of the electromagnetic force measuring device 2 The product of the three; the selection principle of the weight is as follows: weight moment mg.L of weight 2 Not less than electromagnetic moment F generated by electromagnetic force measuring device 1 ·L 1 The direction of the dowel bar in the whole force measuring process is the X direction, wherein m is the weight mass, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
The electromagnetic force measuring device is of an inner magnetic structure or an outer magnetic structure; the inner magnetic structure is that a permanent cylindrical magnet is positioned in a rectangular coil, and a magnetic conduction ring is sleeved outside the rectangular coil; the external magnetic structure is that the magnet is positioned outside the rectangular coil, the rectangular coil is positioned between the two pole soles, and the cylindrical iron core is positioned in the rectangular coil.
If the electromagnetic force measuring device is of an inner magnetic type structure, the structure of the inner magnetic type electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a fixed magnetic circuit system and a movable part; the magnetic circuit system includes: the magnetic induction lines of the cylindrical magnets are along the diameter direction of the round surface, and the air gaps 23 between the magnetic induction rings and the cylindrical magnets 18 are equal everywhere, so that a uniformly-radiated magnetic field is formed in the air gaps; the cylindrical magnet 18 and the magnetic ring 19 are fixed on the dynamometer bracket 21; the movable portion includes: the movable rectangular coil 20 with two sides in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 fixedly connected up and down and the bearing 25 matched with the rotating shaft, the hairspring 24 is wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26, the inner end of the hairspring 24 is fixed with the rotating shaft 26, the outer end of the hairspring positioned on the front half section of the rotating shaft 26 is fixed on the deflection adjusting knob 22, the outer end of the hairspring positioned on the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 is fixed on the bearing 25, the coiling directions of the hairspring positioned on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft 26 are needle-point-shaped axle tips, and the axle tips are supported in grooves of the bearing 25.
If the electromagnetic force measuring device is of an external magnetic type structure, the structure of the external magnetic type electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a movable part and a fixed magnetic circuit system; the magnetic circuit system comprises a permanent magnet 27, a magnetic yoke 28, a pole palm 29 and a cylindrical iron core 30; two sector pole pieces 29 are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core and are concentric, and the cylindrical iron core 30 is fixed on the external magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device bracket 21 and is used for reducing magnetic resistance and generating a uniformly radiated magnetic field in an air gap 23 between the pole pieces and the iron core; the two magnetic yokes 28 are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core, the permanent magnet 27 and the pole palm 29 are clamped between the upper magnetic yoke 28 and the lower magnetic yoke 28, and the magnetic yokes play roles in magnetic focusing and magnetic transferring in a magnetic circuit system; the movable portion includes: the movable rectangular coil 20 with two sides in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 fixedly connected up and down and the bearing 25 matched with the rotating shaft, the hairspring 24 is wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26, the inner end of the hairspring 24 is fixed with the rotating shaft 26, the outer end of the hairspring positioned on the front half section of the rotating shaft 26 is fixed on the deflection adjusting knob 22, the outer end of the hairspring positioned on the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 is fixed on the bearing 25, the coiling directions of the hairspring positioned on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft 26 are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft 26 are needle-point-shaped axle tips, and the axle tips are supported in grooves of the bearing 25.
In this embodiment, the suspension wire is a fine copper wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm. The suspension wire is a filament with smaller tensile strain, namely, when the force is applied to the weight by the dowel bar through the filament in the Z direction, the filament is very small in deformation and almost no in deformation.
In the embodiment, the hairspring is a flat coil spring with smaller elastic modulus, the flat coil spring is made of tin bronze, namely, the reactive torque generated by the hairspring when the movable coil rotates around the rotating shaft is small, and the energized movable coil always keeps rotating around the rotating shaft under the condition that the reactive torque of the hairspring is not considered; the hairspring is rigidly fixed to the spindle and to the support.
In this embodiment, the electromagnetic force measuring device is an internal magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device.
The dowel bar is made of hard aluminum materials, and the distance between a small hole of the dowel bar and the front half rotating shaft of the electromagnetic force measuring device is measured to be 20.29mm.
The weight is selected from pure copper with the mass of 5.3507 g.
The current stabilizing circuit is formed by connecting a direct current constant voltage source with the measuring range of 30V, a resistor with the measuring range of 5k omega and an mA class ammeter in series.
The display precision of the electronic analytical balance is 10 -4 g, measuring range is 300g, and a calibration weight of 200g is configured.
The method for acquiring the relation between the current and the electromagnetic moment by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) An electronic analytical balance is placed on an optical platform, leveling and calibrating operations are carried out on the balance, and a vernier caliper is used for measuring the distance L between a small hole of a dowel bar and a rotating shaft of an electromagnetic force measuring device 2 ；
(2) The electromagnetic force measuring device is fixed on the two-dimensional regulator, the two-dimensional regulator is fixed on the bracket, the electromagnetic force measuring device is externally connected with the steady-flow circuit, and the position of the bracket on the optical platform is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic force measuring device is suspended above the balance tray;
(3) The manual horizontal displacement platform and the knob of the two-dimensional regulator are rotated, so that the electromagnetic force measuring device is suspended at a position right above the electronic balance tray, and the deflection adjusting knob is rotated, so that the following positional relationship among the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the weight is realized: the dowel bar points to the X direction, the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the heavy object are in the XOZ plane, and the suspension wire and the dowel bar are mutually perpendicular;
(4) Pressing a peeling button of the balance, and carrying out the next step after the display value of the obtained balance is zero and stable;
(5) Switching on a power supply of the current stabilizing circuit to provide direct current for a movable coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device; the magnetic field generated by the electrified movable coil interacts with the steady magnetic field between the air gaps to generate electromagnetic force, so that the movable coil has an action moment rotating around the rotating shaft, and the rotation moment acts on the dowel bar to enable the dowel bar to lift the heavy object upwards; the force transfer rod generates a vertical upward pulling force on the suspension wire, and the force transfer rod points to the X direction, namely the force transfer rod generates a Z-direction pulling force on the suspension wire; the suspension wire has a Z-direction pulling force on the weight, so that the pressure of the weight on the balance tray is changed; the electronic analytical balance utilizes the principle of an electromagnetic force automatic compensation circuit to generate electromagnetic force according to the pressure reduction received by the tray, so that the pressure and the electromagnetic force received by the tray are a pair of balance forces; the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device is equal to the pulling force of the suspension wire on the weight; the gravity of the weight has a resistance to the dowel bar rotating around the shaft through the suspension wire, so that a reaction moment, also called as a 'changing gravity moment', is generated, and the gravity is balanced with the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device;
(6) Reading an indication change value delta M of the electronic analytical balance and a current value I of the current stabilizing circuit;
(7) Rotating an output current knob of the current stabilizing circuit to enable the output current to be 0 mA-5 mA, wherein the output current is stepped to be 0.07mA; wherein each output current value corresponds to a corresponding balance indication change value;
(8) Observing and recording each balance indication change value delta M and output current value I corresponding to the current value, so as to calculate an electromagnetic moment value corresponding to each output current value through a formula (1);
(9) And drawing a trend line of the electromagnetic moment along with the current change according to the recorded output current value and electromagnetic moment value, so that the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device can be obtained by measuring the working current of the electromagnetic force measuring device.
Fig. 10 shows the trend lines of the electromagnetic moment and current of the electromagnetic force-measuring device of the present invention.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims of this invention, which are within the skill of those skilled in the art, can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a calibration device suitable for little thruster test system electromagnetism dynamometer which characterized in that: the device comprises a bracket (31), a two-dimensional regulator (7), an electromagnetic force measuring device (11), a dowel bar (12), a suspension wire (13), a weight (14), a non-magnetic conduction objective table (15) and an electronic analytical balance (1); the electromagnetic force measuring device (11) is externally connected with a current stabilizing circuit, and the current stabilizing circuit provides working current for the electromagnetic force measuring device; the bracket base (2) is arranged on the base of the electronic analytical balance (1); the bracket consists of a left supporting rod (4), a right supporting rod (4), a horizontal supporting rod (5) and a fixing rod (6), wherein the fixing rod (6) is used for connecting the bracket (31) and the two-dimensional regulator (7), and the fixing rod (5) and the horizontal supporting rod (6) are mutually vertical; a manual horizontal displacement table is arranged on the left base and the right base of the bracket (31), and a base displacement knob (3) of the manual horizontal displacement table is used for enabling the two-dimensional regulator to move in the Y direction; an electromagnetic force measuring device (11) is fixed on a two-dimensional regulator fixing rod (17) of the two-dimensional regulator (7), and an X-direction displacement knob (9) and a Z-direction displacement knob (10) of the two-dimensional regulator are respectively used for enabling the electromagnetic force measuring device (11) to move in the X direction and the Z direction; a small hole at one end of the dowel bar (12) is fixedly connected with one end of the suspension wire (13), the other end of the dowel bar (12) is fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft (26) of the electromagnetic force measuring device and is provided with a balance weight, and when the dowel bar rotates around the rotating shaft (26), the gravity center of the rotating part falls on the rotating shaft (26); the deflection adjusting knob (22) of the electromagnetic force measuring device is also fixed on the front half section of the rotating shaft (26), and the rotating shaft (26) is driven to rotate by rotating the deflection adjusting knob (22), so that the deflection adjusting operation is completed by rotating the dowel bar (12); one end of the suspension wire, which is not connected with the dowel bar (12), is fixedly connected with a weight (14); the weight is placed on the non-magnetic conduction objective table (15) and is placed on the electronic analysis balance tray (16) together with the non-magnetic conduction objective table; the electromagnetic force measuring device is suspended at a position right above the electronic analytical balance tray by rotating the manual horizontal displacement table and the displacement knob of the two-dimensional regulator, and the dowel bar rotates in the XOZ plane; and the deflection adjusting knob (22) is rotated, so that the positions of the dowel bar (12), the suspension wire (13) and the weight (14) are as follows: the dowel bar points to the X direction, the dowel bar, the suspension wire and the weight are in the XOZ plane, and the suspension wireThe dowel bar is perpendicular to the dowel bar; when the coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device passes through constant current, the generated electromagnetic moment is equal to the 'changing gravity moment' of the weight, wherein the electromagnetic moment is electromagnetic force F generated when the coil in uniform magnetic field passes through current 1 Width L of coil 1 Is a product of (2); the 'variable gravity moment' of the weight is the indication variable value delta M of the electronic analytical balance, the gravity acceleration g and the distance L between the small hole of the dowel bar and the rotating shaft (26) of the electromagnetic force measuring device 2 The product of the three; the selection principle of the weight is as follows: weight moment mg.L of weight 2 Not less than electromagnetic moment F generated by electromagnetic force measuring device 1 ·L 1 The direction of the dowel bar in the whole force measuring process is the X direction, wherein m is the weight mass, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
2. The calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device of a micro-thruster test system of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic force measuring device is of an inner magnetic structure or an outer magnetic structure; the inner magnetic structure is that a permanent cylindrical magnet is positioned in a rectangular coil, and a magnetic conduction ring is sleeved outside the rectangular coil; the external magnetic structure is that the magnet is positioned outside the rectangular coil, the rectangular coil is positioned between the two pole soles, and the cylindrical iron core is positioned in the rectangular coil.
3. The calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device of a micro-thruster test system of claim 2, wherein: the structure of the internal magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a fixed magnetic circuit system and a movable part; the magnetic circuit system includes: a cylindrical magnet (18) fixed on a bracket of the electromagnetic force measuring device and a magnetic conduction ring (19) surrounding the cylindrical magnet (18) and concentric with the cylindrical magnet (18), wherein the magnetic induction lines of the cylindrical magnet are along the diameter direction of the circular surface, and air gaps (23) between the magnetic conduction ring and the cylindrical magnet (18) are equal everywhere, so that a uniformly radiated magnetic field is formed in the air gaps; the cylindrical magnet (18) and the magnetic ring (19) are fixed on the dynamometer bracket (21); the movable portion includes: the movable rectangular coil (20) with two sides respectively located in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of a rotating shaft (26) fixedly connected with each other up and down, bearings (25) matched with the rotating shaft, hairsprings (24) are respectively wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26), the inner ends of the hairsprings (24) are fixed with the rotating shaft (26), the outer ends of the hairsprings located on the front half section of the rotating shaft (26) are fixed on a deflection adjusting knob (22), the outer ends of the hairsprings located on the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26) are fixed on the bearings (25), the coiling directions of the hairsprings located on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26) are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft (26) are needle-tip-shaped shaft tips, and the shaft tips are supported in grooves of the bearings (25).
4. The calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device of a micro-thruster test system of claim 2, wherein: the structure of the external magnetic type electromagnetic force measuring device comprises a movable part and a fixed magnetic circuit system; the magnetic circuit system comprises a permanent magnet (27), a magnetic yoke (28), a pole palm (29) and a cylindrical iron core (30); two sector pole pieces (29) are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core and are concentric, and the cylindrical iron core (30) is fixed on the external magnetic electromagnetic force measuring device bracket (21) and is used for reducing magnetic resistance and enabling an air gap (23) between the pole pieces and the iron core to generate a uniformly radiated magnetic field; the two magnetic yokes (28) are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the round surface of the cylindrical iron core, the permanent magnet (27) and the pole palm (29) are clamped between the upper magnetic yoke (28) and the lower magnetic yoke (28), and the magnetic yokes play roles in magnetic focusing and magnetic transferring in a magnetic circuit system; the movable portion includes: the movable rectangular coil (20) with two sides respectively located in the air gap, the front half section and the rear half section of a rotating shaft (26) fixedly connected with each other up and down, bearings (25) matched with the rotating shaft, hairsprings (24) are respectively wound on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26), the inner ends of the hairsprings (24) are fixed with the rotating shaft (26), the outer ends of the hairsprings located on the front half section of the rotating shaft (26) are fixed on a deflection adjusting knob (22), the outer ends of the hairsprings located on the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26) are fixed on the bearings (25), the coiling directions of the hairsprings located on the front half section and the rear half section of the rotating shaft (26) are opposite, the two ends of the rotating shaft (26) are needle-tip-shaped shaft tips, and the shaft tips are supported in grooves of the bearings (25).
5. The calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device of a micro-thruster test system of claim 1, wherein: the suspension wire is a fine wire with the diameter not more than 0.2 mm.
6. The calibration device for an electromagnetic force-measuring device of a micro-thruster test system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the hairspring is a flat coil spring.
7. The method for acquiring the relationship between the current and the electromagnetic torque by the calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) The electromagnetic force measuring device (11) is externally connected with a current stabilizing circuit and provides direct current for a movable coil of the electromagnetic force measuring device;
(2) The magnetic field generated by the electrified movable coil interacts with the steady magnetic field between the air gaps to generate electromagnetic force, so that the movable coil has an action moment rotating around the rotating shaft, and the rotation moment acts on the dowel bar (12) to enable the dowel bar to lift the heavy object upwards;
(3) The force transfer rod generates a vertical upward pulling force on the suspension wire (13), and the force transfer rod points to the X direction, namely the force transfer rod generates a Z-direction pulling force on the suspension wire;
(4) The suspension wire (13) has a Z-direction pulling force on the weight (14) so that the pressure of the weight on the balance tray is changed;
(5) The electronic analytical balance utilizes the principle of an electromagnetic force automatic compensation circuit of the electronic analytical balance to generate electromagnetic force according to the pressure reduction received on a tray (16), so that the pressure received on the tray and the electromagnetic force are a pair of balance forces, wherein the electromagnetic force generated by the electronic analytical balance is in direct proportion to an indication change value on a display screen, and the electromagnetic force generated by an electromagnetic force measuring device is equal to the tension of a suspension wire on a weight; the gravity of the weight has a resistance to the pivoted transfer lever through the suspension wire, thereby generating a reaction moment, also called a 'changing gravity moment'; thereby balancing with the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force measuring device;
(6) Reading the indication change value delta M of the electronic analytical balance and the current value I of the current stabilizing circuit, and measuring the distance L between the small hole of the dowel bar and the rotating shaft (26) of the electromagnetic force measuring device 2 The 'variable gravity moment', the 'variable gravity moment' and the electromagnetic moment are a pair of balance moment and are obtained through calculationThe electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force applicator is obtained according to the moment balance principle, so that a trend line of the electromagnetic moment changing along with the current is drawn, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic moment generated by the electromagnetic force applicator can be obtained according to the magnitude of the working current of the electromagnetic force applicator.
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| CN111964826B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-05-18 | 电子科技大学 | Calibration device and method for micro thruster test system |
| CN113588163B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-04-28 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Real-time calibration system and method for nano-cattle weak force based on gravity moment |
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