CN107906076B - Pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space and assembly process - Google Patents
Pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space and assembly process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107906076B CN107906076B CN201711457277.7A CN201711457277A CN107906076B CN 107906076 B CN107906076 B CN 107906076B CN 201711457277 A CN201711457277 A CN 201711457277A CN 107906076 B CN107906076 B CN 107906076B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1414—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type with non-rotatable piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/04—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2201/00—Accumulators
- F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
- F15B2201/21—Accumulator cushioning means using springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2201/00—Accumulators
- F15B2201/60—Assembling or methods for making accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a pressure spring self-resetting hydro-cylinder and assembly process in heavy load and limited lifting space, belongs to high-speed train driven train detection technical field, uses in the servo mechanism of high-speed train driven train dynamic detection system, including cylinder body, upper gland, lower gland, piston and supporting self-resetting energy storage device, the cylinder body lower extreme is provided with the business turn over hydraulic fluid port, spacing from the energy storage device that resets in the cylindric space of piston bottom, self-resetting energy storage device includes the uide bushing of fixing at the lower gland up end, suit on the uide bushing and has applyed prestressing force's reset spring, and the reset spring of applying prestressing force realizes on the uide bushing prestressing force location with the help of the stop gear on the inner wall of piston lower extreme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the improvement of a dynamic detection device of a driven wheel system of a high-speed train, and particularly relates to the improvement of a structure and an assembly process of a driving oil cylinder in a dynamic simulation mechanism of a driven wheel system of a motor train unit.
Background
The railway transportation industry in the continental area of China has about twenty thousands of traction locomotives currently running, and the types are nearly hundred. According to relevant regulations and requirements, the traction locomotive needs to jack up each wheel set and leave the steel rail at a certain height at regular intervals, so that the wheel sets rotate under empty load, the positions of the bearings and the transmission device are dynamically detected through equipment such as sensors, signal collectors and computers, faults are found in time, and driving accidents are prevented, so that the traction locomotive has become a regular work of railway service systems.
The wheel set jacking method is realized by a jacking wheel machine and a special hydraulic cylinder and a jacking tool. In order to facilitate the operation and the use and the requirements of reliability and applicability, almost all top wheel cylinders are single-acting at present, and the acting force generated when the piston returns can press the piston back to the original position through the weight of a locomotive wheel pair, so that the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the cylinder is pressed back to the oil tank of the hydraulic station. But some operating conditions require return without wheel weight pressure. In the past, a part of oil cylinders directly pull the piston back to the original position through a stretching spring in the oil cylinder to realize resetting. However, as the two ends of the tension spring are required to be connected with parts, the appearance height of the oil cylinder is overlarge, and therefore, the problem is that the use of a plurality of types of locomotives under certain working conditions is limited. The current condition state of each unit top wheel detection working site in the existing locomotive service system and the wheel set structure of a plurality of types of locomotives have great difference, so that the device is suitable for wheel sets of various different structures of near hundred types of locomotives to the maximum extent and the detection site conditions with great difference, and the maximum height of an oil cylinder is required to be not more than 150 mm. In order to solve the problem, most of the conventional top wheel cylinders are low in height, a reset spring cannot be arranged in the cylinder, and the problem of resetting of the cylinder piston during non-top wheel working can be only realized by stepping force through the weight of a human body.
Due to the large number of new high-power locomotives such as harmony series in recent years, oil cylinders with larger thrust are required to meet the use requirements of various different conditions. The cylinder diameter of the top wheel cylinder in China is basically determined according to the old models of Dongfeng and Shaoshan series, and almost all the cylinder diameters are 80 mm. The pressure of the hydraulic system is often close to 40Mpa, the pressure is too high, the thrust of the oil cylinder is further improved, the current user requirements are met, and a plurality of new problems can be brought simply by improving the pressure of the system, so that the hydraulic system is unrealistic. The standard cylinder diameter of the oil cylinder is increased to 100 mm, so that the oil cylinder is the only correct choice at present, the thrust can be improved according to the needs, the system pressure can be reduced, and the service life of hydraulic equipment can be prolonged, but the problems cannot be avoided. On the premise of not exceeding 150 mm of the height of the oil cylinder, the piston can not be reset by the weight of a human body. This is because, in addition to the increased friction force caused by the increased diameter of the sealing ring, the most important reason is that the return oil throttle damping action in the hydraulic system amplifies the force required for returning the piston by many times, and an external force exceeding 100Kgf is required to completely return the piston to the initial position within the required time, which is a problem that the piston cannot be bypassed. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder design meeting the technical requirements that the maximum height of the cylinder is not more than 150 mm, the minimum stroke of the piston is not less than 25 mm and the maximum reverse stroke time is not more than 60 seconds is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space and an assembly process, and by improving the structure and the assembly process of a self-resetting energy storage device in the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder can provide enough jacking moment, reduce the height of the oil cylinder and the piston stroke, and the resetting of the oil cylinder is quick and convenient, so that the jacking requirement of various tractor wheel pairs can be met to the greatest extent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a pressure spring self-resetting hydro-cylinder in heavy load and limited lifting space, is applied in the servo mechanism of high-speed train driven train dynamic detection system, including cylinder body, upper gland, lower gland, piston and supporting self-resetting energy storage device, the cylinder body lower extreme is provided with the business turn over hydraulic fluid port, it has self-resetting energy storage device to spacing in the cylindric space of piston bottom, self-resetting energy storage device includes the uide bushing of fixing at the lower gland up end, suit on the uide bushing and has applyed prestressing force's reset spring, has applyed prestressing force's reset spring and has realized the prestressing force location on the uide bushing with the help of stop gear on the piston lower extreme inner wall.
Further, the limiting mechanism comprises a spring collar arranged on the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston and a gasket arranged between the reset spring and the spring collar.
Further, a mounting groove matched with the spring retainer ring is formed in the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston.
Further, a bolt hole is formed in the middle shaft of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is fixed to the upper end face of the lower pressing cover by means of a matched fastening bolt, and a limiting skirt portion matched with the reset spring is arranged at the upper end of the guide sleeve.
Further, the pre-compression stress of the return spring is 80-120 kg.f.
Further, a sealing ring and a piston guide ring are arranged between the cylinder body and the piston, and the sealing ring and the piston guide ring fix the piston by virtue of a check ring.
The assembly process of the compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space comprises the following steps:
A. assembling a guide sleeve and a reset spring, sleeving the free reset spring and a gasket on the guide sleeve in sequence, applying rated pre-stress to the free reset spring by means of a pre-stress applying device, limiting the reset spring with the pre-stress applied in a cylindrical space at the bottom of a piston by means of a spring collar, and then disassembling the pre-stress applying device;
B. the lower gland is assembled and screwed and sealed at the lower part of the cylinder body;
C. the method comprises the steps of assembling a piston, sleeving a sealing ring and a piston guide ring on the piston in sequence, fixing the sealing ring and the piston guide ring by virtue of a check ring, installing the piston into a cylinder body, and fixing a guide sleeve on the upper end surface of a lower gland by virtue of a fastening bolt;
D. the upper gland is sleeved on the upper part of the piston and screwed, sealed and fixed on the upper part of the cylinder body;
F. and (5) completing the assembly of the compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder.
Further, the prestressing force applying device includes pressure disk and prestressing force applying bolt, prestressing force applying device's use step includes:
(1) the gasket and the pressure plate are sequentially arranged at the free end of the free state reset spring;
(2) the pretightening force applying bolt passes through the central through hole of the pressure plate and is screwed in the bolt hole of the guide sleeve;
(3) the bolt is applied by rotating the pretightening force to set the pretightening stress required by the reset spring.
Further, the spring collar is fixed in the mounting groove by spot welding.
Further, the fastening torque of the fastening bolt is 300-800 N.m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the structure and the assembly process of the self-resetting energy storage device in the oil cylinder, so that the height of the oil cylinder is reduced and the piston stroke is reduced while the oil cylinder provides enough jacking moment, the resetting of the oil cylinder is quick and convenient, and the invention is suitable for the jacking requirements of various tractor wheel pairs to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an initial assembly of a guide sleeve and return spring;
FIG. 3 is an assembled state diagram of the guide sleeve and return spring;
in the accompanying drawings: 1 is a cylinder body, 1-1 is an oil inlet and outlet, 1-2 is a sealing ring, 1-3 is a piston guide ring, 1-4 is a retainer ring, 2-1 is an upper gland, 2-2 is a lower gland, 3 is a piston, 4-1 is a guide sleeve, 4-2 is a return spring, 4-2-1 is a free state return spring, 4-3 is a spring retainer ring, 4-4 is a gasket, 5 is a prestress applying device, 5-1 is a pressure plate, and 5-2 is a prestress applying bolt.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space is applied to a servo mechanism of a dynamic detection system of a driven gear train of a high-speed train, and comprises a cylinder body 1, an upper gland 2-1, a lower gland 2-2, a piston 3 and a matched self-resetting energy storage device, wherein an oil inlet and outlet 1-1 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body 1, a self-resetting energy storage device is limited in a cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston 3, the self-resetting energy storage device comprises a guide sleeve 4-1 fixed on the upper end face of the lower gland 2-1, and a reset spring 4-2 sleeved on the guide sleeve 4-1 and applying pre-stress, and the reset spring 4-2 applying pre-stress is positioned on the guide sleeve 4-1 by means of a limiting mechanism on the inner wall at the lower end of the piston 3. The pre-compression stress of the reset spring 4-2 is 80-120 kg.f.
The upper gland 2-1 and the cylinder body 1 can be screwed and sealed by adopting an embedded structure, the diameter of the upper gland 2-1 is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, the structure can reduce the maximum outline diameter of the pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder, and the weight is obviously reduced, so that necessary favorable conditions are created in advance for the technical development of the dynamic detection of the bearing of the driven gear train of the high-speed train.
The limiting mechanism comprises a spring retainer 4-3 arranged on the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston 3, and a gasket 4-4 arranged between the return spring 4-2 and the spring retainer 4-3.
An installation groove matched with the spring retainer ring 4-3 is arranged on the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston 3.
The middle shaft of the guide sleeve 4-1 is provided with a bolt hole and is fixed on the upper end face of the lower gland 2-2 by means of a matched fastening bolt, and the upper end of the guide sleeve is provided with a limiting skirt part matched with the reset spring 4-2.
A sealing ring 1-2 and a piston guide ring 1-3 are arranged between the cylinder body 1 and the piston 3, and the sealing ring 1-2 and the piston guide ring 1-3 are fixed on the piston 3 by a check ring 1-4.
In the concrete implementation of the invention, high-pressure oil enters the working cavity from the oil inlet and outlet port 1-1 at the lower part of the cylinder body 1 to push the piston 3 to move upwards, the guide sleeve 4-1 is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower gland 2-2 by the fastening bolt, the limiting skirt part at the top of the guide sleeve 4-1 prevents the reset spring 4-2 from moving upwards, and the spring retainer ring 4-3 drives the bottom of the pre-compressed reset spring 4-2 to synchronously move upwards along with the piston 3 until the piston 3 moves to the upper limit position. This process compresses the return spring 4-2 and stores sufficient compression energy. After the hydraulic system is unloaded, the reset spring 4-2 is limited by the guide sleeve 4-1, the thrust force can not be released by upward stretching, the thrust force generated by downward stretching release energy can only act on the spring retainer ring 4-3, the direction is consistent with the return direction of the piston 3, and the thrust force generated by the reset spring 4-2 is converted into the pulling force on the piston 3 to pull the piston 3 back to the initial original point position. The oil cylinder is proved by strict experimental tests and field detection trial, and all three basic technical conditions are satisfied.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the assembly process of the compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the steps of assembling a guide sleeve and a reset spring, sequentially sleeving a free state reset spring 4-2-1 and a gasket 4-4 on the guide sleeve 4-1, applying rated pre-stress to the free state reset spring 4-2-1 by means of a pre-stress applying device 5, limiting the reset spring 4-2 with the pre-stress applied in a cylindrical space at the bottom of a piston 3 by means of a spring collar 4-3, and then disassembling the pre-stress applying device 5;
B. the lower gland is assembled, and the lower gland 2-2 is tightly screwed and sealed at the lower part of the cylinder body 1;
C. the method comprises the steps of assembling a piston, sequentially sleeving a sealing ring 1-2 and a piston guide ring 1-3 on the piston 3, fixing the sealing ring by a retainer ring 1-4, installing the piston 3 into a cylinder body 1, and fixing a guide sleeve 4-1 on the upper end face of a lower gland 2-2 by a fastening bolt;
D. the upper gland 2 is sleeved on the upper part of the piston 3 and screwed, sealed and fixed on the upper part of the cylinder body 1;
F. and (5) completing the assembly of the compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder.
The prestress applying device 5 comprises a pressure plate 5-1 and a prestress applying bolt 5-2, and the using steps of the prestress applying device 5 comprise:
(1) the gasket 4-4 and the pressure plate 5-1 are sequentially arranged at the free end of the free state reset spring 4-2-1;
(2) the pretightening force applying bolt 5-2 passes through the central through hole of the pressure plate 5-1 and is screwed in the bolt hole of the guide sleeve 4-1;
(3) the preload force required for the return spring 4-2 is set by rotating the preload force applying bolt 5-2.
The spring collar 4-3 is fixed in the mounting groove by means of spot welding. The spring retainer ring 4-3 is fixed by spot welding, so that the self-reset energy storage device forms an anti-disassembly structure, and dangerous accidents caused by the fact that the reset spring 4-2 pops up in the process of disassembling and maintaining the oil cylinder can be effectively prevented.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a pressure spring self-resetting hydro-cylinder in heavy load and limited lifting space, is applied in the servo mechanism of high-speed train driven train dynamic detection system, including cylinder body (1), upper gland (2-1), lower gland (2-2), piston (3) and supporting self-resetting energy storage device, cylinder body (1) lower extreme is provided with business turn over hydraulic fluid port (1-1), its characterized in that: the self-resetting energy storage device is limited in a cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston (3), and comprises a guide sleeve (4-1) fixed on the upper end face of the lower gland (2-2), and a reset spring (4-2) sleeved on the guide sleeve (4-1) and applied with pre-compression stress, wherein the reset spring (4-2) applied with pre-compression stress realizes pre-compression stress positioning on the guide sleeve (4-1) by virtue of a limiting mechanism on the inner wall of the lower end of the piston (3);
the limiting mechanism comprises a spring clamping ring (4-3) arranged on the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston (3) and a gasket (4-4) arranged between the reset spring (4-2) and the spring clamping ring (4-3);
the inner wall of the opening end of the cylindrical space at the bottom of the piston (3) is provided with a mounting groove matched with the spring retainer ring (4-3);
the middle shaft of the guide sleeve (4-1) is provided with a bolt hole and is fixed on the upper end face of the lower gland (2-2) by means of a matched fastening bolt, and the upper end of the guide sleeve is provided with a limiting skirt part matched with the reset spring (4-2).
2. The compression spring self-resetting cylinder of heavy load and limited lifting space according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-compression stress of the reset spring (4-2) is 80-120 kg.f.
3. The compression spring self-resetting cylinder of heavy load and limited lifting space according to claim 1, wherein: a sealing ring (1-2) and a piston guide ring (1-3) are arranged between the cylinder body (1) and the piston (3), and the sealing ring (1-2) and the piston guide ring (1-3) are fixed on the piston (3) by virtue of a check ring (1-4).
4. The assembling process of the compression spring self-resetting cylinder for heavy load and limited lifting space according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
A. assembling a guide sleeve and a reset spring, sequentially sleeving the free state reset spring (4-2-1) and a gasket (4-4) on the guide sleeve (4-1), applying rated pre-stress to the free state reset spring (4-2-1) by means of a pre-stress applying device (5), limiting the reset spring (4-2) with the pre-stress applied in a cylindrical space at the bottom of a piston (3) by means of a spring retainer ring (4-3), and then disassembling the pre-stress applying device (5);
B. the lower gland (2-2) is tightly screwed and sealed at the lower part of the cylinder body (1);
C. the method comprises the steps of assembling a piston, sequentially sleeving a sealing ring (1-2) and a piston guide ring (1-3) on the piston (3) and fixing the sealing ring and the piston guide ring by a retainer ring (1-4), installing the piston (3) into a cylinder body (1), and fixing a guide sleeve (4-1) on the upper end face of a lower gland (2-2) by a fastening bolt;
D. the upper gland (2) is sleeved on the upper part of the piston (3) and screwed, sealed and fixed on the upper part of the cylinder body (1);
F. and (5) completing the assembly of the compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder.
5. The process for assembling the compression spring self-resetting cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps of: the prestress application device (5) comprises a pressure plate (5-1) and a prestress application bolt (5-2), and the use steps of the prestress application device (5) comprise:
(1) the gasket (4-4) and the pressure plate (5-1) are sequentially arranged at the free end of the free state reset spring (4-2-1);
(2) the pretightening force applying bolt (5-2) passes through the central through hole of the pressure plate (5-1) and is screwed in the bolt hole of the guide sleeve (4-1);
(3) the preload force required by the return spring (4-2) is set by rotating the preload force applying bolt (5-2).
6. The process for assembling the compression spring self-resetting cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps of: the spring collar (4-3) is fixed in the mounting groove by means of spot welding.
7. The process for assembling the compression spring self-resetting cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps of: the fastening torque of the fastening bolt is 300-800 N.m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711457277.7A CN107906076B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space and assembly process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711457277.7A CN107906076B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Pressure spring self-resetting oil cylinder with heavy load and limited lifting space and assembly process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107906076A CN107906076A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| CN107906076B true CN107906076B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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| CN204458643U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-07-08 | 姜子涵 | The accumulator detection system of stabilizing compensation device and application thereof |
| CN105736815A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-06 | 深圳市金合联投资有限公司 | Bathtub water discharging valve |
| CN207848084U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-09-11 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心 | A kind of compression spring self-resetting oil cylinder of heavy load and limited lifting space |
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| CN107906076A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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