CN107905732B - Tri-cone bit for particle impact drilling - Google Patents

Tri-cone bit for particle impact drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107905732B
CN107905732B CN201711365969.9A CN201711365969A CN107905732B CN 107905732 B CN107905732 B CN 107905732B CN 201711365969 A CN201711365969 A CN 201711365969A CN 107905732 B CN107905732 B CN 107905732B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
particle jet
jet flow
flow modulation
nozzle
particle
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Active
Application number
CN201711365969.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107905732A (en
Inventor
韩烈祥
张治发
张帆
乔李华
万夫磊
张果
尹晓煜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711365969.9A priority Critical patent/CN107905732B/en
Publication of CN107905732A publication Critical patent/CN107905732A/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/08Roller bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/08Roller bits
    • E21B10/16Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/08Roller bits
    • E21B10/18Roller bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/16Applying separate balls or pellets by the pressure of the drill, so-called shot-drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to a tricone bit for particle impact drilling, which consists of a tooth claw, a cone, teeth, a particle jet modulation nozzle, a joint and a bit body, wherein the particle jet modulation nozzle is made of hard alloy and is connected with the bit body in a brazing mode; the outlet position and the inclination angle of each nozzle are different, and the arrangement positions of teeth on three roller cones are also different, so that not only can the modulated particle jet flow fully cover the bottom of a well, but also the particle jet flow can be ensured to pass through the neutral gear between the teeth and the roller cones, and the particle jet flow is prevented from directly impacting the roller cones and the teeth.

Description

Tri-cone bit for particle impact drilling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering drilling, in particular to a tricone bit for particle impact drilling.
Background
With the gradual exhaustion of shallow oil and gas resources in China, the development process of deep oil and gas resources is accelerated, in the drilling process of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, hard stratum and strong abrasive stratum become an important factor for limiting the mechanical drilling rate, taking the river and pearl flushing group of the northeast area of Sichuan as an example, the average mechanical drilling rate of the roller bit is only 0.7-1.34 m/h, the footage of the hard stratum and the strong abrasive stratum accounts for 4% -10% of the whole well, but the footage of the hard stratum and the strong abrasive stratum accounts for 25% -30% of the whole well drilling period during drilling, and the problems of long drilling period and high development cost are brought about during low drilling rate and long drilling, so that the whole development benefit of the deep oil and gas resources is limited; meanwhile, when the roller bit is used for drilling hard stratum and strong abrasive stratum, the phenomena of too fast tooth abrasion, tooth breakage and tooth drop occur, the service life of the bit is too short, for example, the average thickness of the pearl punch set is 140 meters, the single length of the roller bit is lower than 20 meters, and the development benefit of deep oil and gas resources is further reduced due to frequent tripping caused by bit replacement.
Foreign researches show that the particle impact drilling technology can greatly improve the mechanical drilling speed of hard formations and strong abrasive formations, and the final execution part of particle impact drilling is a drill bit, but the existing roller bit is difficult to apply to the particle impact drilling technology, and various problems need to be solved, such as how to modulate high-efficiency dense particle jet, how to effectively cover the bottom of a well by particle jet formed by a nozzle, how to avoid directly impacting roller cones, teeth and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a tricone bit for particle impact drilling, and aims to provide a novel tricone bit for particle impact drilling, which is mainly used for particle impact rock breaking drilling, is assisted by mechanical rock breaking drilling of a cone and teeth, and is suitable for high-efficiency drilling of hard stratum and strong abrasive stratum. The invention has simple structure and low processing and manufacturing cost, and the structure of the drill string is not required to be changed in the use process.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tricone bit for particle impact drilling, characterized in that: the three-dimensional high-precision drilling bit comprises a bit body, a joint, a first tooth claw, a second tooth claw, a third tooth claw, a first roller cone, a second roller cone, a third roller cone, a first particle jet modulation nozzle, a second particle jet modulation nozzle and a third particle jet modulation nozzle, wherein the first roller cone, the second roller cone and the third roller cone are respectively connected and assembled with the first tooth claw, the second tooth claw and the third roller claw through bearing mechanisms, the first particle jet modulation nozzle is positioned between the first roller cone and the third roller cone, the second particle jet modulation nozzle is positioned between the first roller cone and the second roller cone, and the third particle jet modulation nozzle is positioned between the second roller cone and the third roller cone; the first particle jet modulation nozzle, the second particle jet modulation nozzle and the third particle jet modulation nozzle are welded on the drill bit body; the joint is positioned below the bit body and used for being connected with a downhole tool; teeth are arranged on the first roller cone, the second roller cone and the third roller cone, and the teeth on the first roller cone, the second roller cone and the third roller cone are matched with the axes of the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles, so that particle jet flows modulated and formed in the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can pass through the three roller cones and the teeth arranged on the three roller cones.
The three particle jet flow modulation nozzles have the same inner flow passage, wherein the inner flow passage comprises a straight column inlet section, a conical shrinkage section and a straight column outlet section, the outlet diameter of the straight column outlet section is d, the length of the straight column outlet section is 3-5d, the shrinkage angle of the conical shrinkage section is 13 degrees, the length of the conical shrinkage section is 5-6d, the inlet diameter of the straight column inlet section is 2-4d, and the length of the straight column inlet section is 1-2d.
The distance between the center of the outlet of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the axis of the drill bit body is H, the distance between the center of the outlet of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the axis of the drill bit body is 0.87H, and the distance between the center of the outlet of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the axis of the drill bit body is 1.22H.
The included angle between the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the axis of the drill bit body is alpha, and the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body; the included angle between the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the axis of the drill bit body is 2.12 alpha, and the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body; the included angle between the central axis of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the drill bit body is 0.33 alpha, and the central axis of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle is inclined towards the outer side of the drill bit body.
The distance between the outlet position of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the bottom hole is 8.5d, the distance between the outlet position of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the bottom hole is 7.8d, and the distance between the outlet position of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the bottom hole is 10d.
The first particle jet flow modulation nozzle, the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle and the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle are made of hard alloy materials and are connected with the drill bit body in a brazing mode.
The tooth profile structure may be any one of spherical, pointed oval, spoon-shaped, conical, and wedge-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects brought by the invention are as follows:
1. compared with the prior art, the invention comprises a bit body, a connector, a first tooth claw, a second tooth claw, a third tooth claw, a first tooth wheel, a second tooth wheel, a third tooth wheel, a first particle jet flow modulation nozzle, a second particle jet flow modulation nozzle and a third particle jet flow modulation nozzle, has simple structure and low processing and manufacturing cost, does not need to change the structure of a drill string in the use process, adopts the working mode that the particle jet flow impact rock breaking drilling is mainly adopted, and the mechanical rock breaking drilling of the tooth wheel and the tooth is auxiliary, has the drilling efficiency on hard stratum and strong abrasive stratum which is greatly superior to that of the existing cone bit, and can be used as the common cone bit for rock breaking drilling when a ground particle injection system breaks down under extreme conditions, thereby effectively avoiding the operation risk.
2. The three particle jet flow modulation nozzles have the same inner flow passage, and the inner flow passage comprises the straight column inlet section, the conical shrinkage section and the straight column outlet section, so that the particle jet flow modulated by the particle jet flow modulation nozzles has higher density and reduces the processing difficulty of the nozzles. Meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can effectively realize that particle jet flows formed by the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can realize full coverage to the bottom of a well, and meanwhile, the cone and teeth are prevented from being directly impacted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the cone of the present invention with the cone removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the cone of the present invention with the cone removed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a particle jet modulation nozzle according to the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a first roller cone, a second roller cone, a third roller cone, a first particle jet flow modulation nozzle, a second particle jet flow modulation nozzle, a third particle jet flow modulation nozzle, a tooth, 8, a bit body, 9, a connector, 10, a first tooth claw, 11, a second tooth claw, 12, a third tooth claw, 6-1, a straight column outlet section, 6-2, a conical contraction section, 6-3 and a straight column inlet section.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 4 of the specification, this embodiment discloses:
the utility model provides a three-cone bit for particle impact drilling, includes bit body 8, joint 9, first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11, third tooth claw 12, first gear 1, second gear 2, third gear 3, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and third particle jet modulation nozzle 6, first gear 1, second gear 2 and third gear 3 are assembled with first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11 and third tooth claw 12 respectively through bearing mechanism, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4 is located between first gear 1 and third gear 3, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 is located between first gear 1 and second gear 2, third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 is located between second gear 2 and third gear 3; the first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, the second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 are welded on the drill bit body 8; a sub 9 is located below the bit body 8 for connection with a downhole tool; teeth 7 are arranged on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3, and the teeth 7 on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3 are matched with the axes of the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles, so that particle jet flows modulated and formed in the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can pass through the three roller cones and the teeth 7 arranged on the three roller cones.
Example 2
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-5 of the specification, this embodiment discloses:
the utility model provides a three-cone bit for particle impact drilling, includes bit body 8, joint 9, first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11, third tooth claw 12, first gear 1, second gear 2, third gear 3, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and third particle jet modulation nozzle 6, first gear 1, second gear 2 and third gear 3 are assembled with first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11 and third tooth claw 12 respectively through bearing mechanism, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4 is located between first gear 1 and third gear 3, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 is located between first gear 1 and second gear 2, third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 is located between second gear 2 and third gear 3; the first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, the second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 are welded on the drill bit body 8; a sub 9 is located below the bit body 8 for connection with a downhole tool; teeth 7 are arranged on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3, and the teeth 7 on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3 are matched with the axes of three particle jet flow modulation nozzles, so that particle jet flows modulated and formed from the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can pass through the three roller cones and the teeth 7 arranged on the three roller cones;
in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the particle jet formed by modulating the particle jet modulating nozzle has higher density and reduce the processing difficulty of the nozzle, the inner flow paths of the three particle jet modulating nozzles are the same, and the inner flow path comprises a straight column inlet section 6-3, a conical shrinkage section 6-2 and a straight column outlet section 6-1, wherein the outlet diameter of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is d, the length of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is 3d, the shrinkage angle of the conical shrinkage section 6-2 is 13 degrees, the length is 5d, the inlet diameter of the straight column inlet section 6-3 is 2d, and the length is 1d.
Example 3
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-5 of the specification, this embodiment discloses:
the utility model provides a three-cone bit for particle impact drilling, includes bit body 8, joint 9, first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11, third tooth claw 12, first gear 1, second gear 2, third gear 3, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and third particle jet modulation nozzle 6, first gear 1, second gear 2 and third gear 3 are assembled with first tooth claw 10, second tooth claw 11 and third tooth claw 12 respectively through bearing mechanism, first particle jet modulation nozzle 4 is located between first gear 1 and third gear 3, second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 is located between first gear 1 and second gear 2, third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 is located between second gear 2 and third gear 3; the first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, the second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 are welded on the drill bit body 8; a sub 9 is located below the bit body 8 for connection with a downhole tool; teeth 7 are arranged on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3, and the teeth 7 on the first roller cone 1, the second roller cone 2 and the third roller cone 3 are matched with the axes of three particle jet flow modulation nozzles, so that particle jet flows modulated and formed from the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can pass through the three roller cones and the teeth 7 arranged on the three roller cones; the first particle jet modulation nozzle 4, the second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 and the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 are made of hard alloy materials and are connected with the drill bit body 8 in a brazing mode; the tooth 7 tooth form structure may be any one of a sphere, a cusp oval, a spoon, a cone, and a wedge.
In the embodiment, in order to ensure that the particle jet formed by modulating the particle jet modulating nozzle has higher density and reduce the processing difficulty of the nozzle, the inner flow paths of the three particle jet modulating nozzles are the same, wherein the inner flow path comprises a straight column inlet section 6-3, a conical shrinkage section 6-2 and a straight column outlet section 6-1, the outlet diameter of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is d, the length of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is 4d, the shrinkage angle of the conical shrinkage section 6-2 is 13 degrees, the length is 5.5d, the inlet diameter of the straight column inlet section 6-3 is 3d, and the length is 1.5d;
in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the particle jet formed by modulating the particle jet modulating nozzle has higher density and reduce the processing difficulty of the nozzle, the inner flow paths of the three particle jet modulating nozzles are the same, and the inner flow path structure may also include a straight column inlet section 6-3, a conical shrinkage section 6-2 and a straight column outlet section 6-1, where the outlet diameter of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is d, the length of the straight column outlet section 6-1 is 5d, the shrinkage angle of the conical shrinkage section 6-2 is 13 °, the length is 6d, the inlet diameter of the straight column inlet section 6-3 is 4d, and the length is 2d;
in this embodiment, in order to realize full coverage of the bottom hole by the particle jet formed by the three particle jet modulation nozzles, the cone and the teeth 7 are prevented from being directly impacted, and the nozzle arrangement mode is as follows:
the distance from the outlet center of the first particle jet modulation nozzle 4 to the axis of the drill bit body 8 is H, the distance from the outlet center of the second particle jet modulation nozzle 5 to the axis of the drill bit body 8 is 0.87H, and the distance from the outlet center of the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 to the axis of the drill bit body 8 is 1.22H.
The included angle between the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle 4 and the axis of the drill bit body 8 is alpha, and the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle 4 is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body 8; the included angle between the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle 5 and the axis of the drill bit body 8 is 2.12 alpha, and the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle 5 is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body 8; the included angle between the central axis of the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 and the drill bit body 8 is 0.33 alpha, and the central axis of the third particle jet modulation nozzle 6 is inclined towards the outer side of the drill bit body 8.
The distance between the outlet position of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle 4 and the bottom hole is 8.5d, the distance between the outlet position of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle 5 and the bottom hole is 7.8d, and the distance between the outlet position of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle 6 and the bottom hole is 10d.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A tricone bit for particle impact drilling, characterized in that: the novel high-precision drilling bit comprises a bit body (8), a connector (9), a first tooth claw (10), a second tooth claw (11), a third tooth claw (12), a first roller cone (1), a second roller cone (2), a third roller cone (3), a first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4), a second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and a third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6), wherein the first roller cone (1), the second roller cone (2) and the third roller cone (3) are respectively connected and assembled with the first tooth claw (10), the second tooth claw (11) and the third tooth claw (12) through bearing mechanisms, the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4) is positioned between the first roller cone (1) and the third roller cone (3), the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) is positioned between the first roller cone (1) and the second roller cone (2), and the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) is positioned between the second roller cone (2) and the third roller cone (3); the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4), the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) are welded on the drill bit body (8); the joint (9) is positioned below the drill bit body (8) and is used for being connected with a downhole tool; teeth (7) are arranged on the first roller cone (1), the second roller cone (2) and the third roller cone (3), and the teeth (7) on the first roller cone (1), the second roller cone (2) and the third roller cone (3) are matched with the axes of the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles, so that particle jet flows modulated and formed from the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles can pass through the three roller cones and the teeth (7) arranged on the three roller cones;
the distance between the outlet center of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4) and the axis of the drill bit body (8) is H, the distance between the outlet center of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and the axis of the drill bit body (8) is 0.87H, and the distance between the outlet center of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) and the axis of the drill bit body (8) is 1.22H;
the included angle between the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4) and the axis of the drill bit body (8) is alpha, and the central axis of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4) is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body (8); the included angle between the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and the axis of the drill bit body (8) is 2.12 alpha, and the central axis of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) is inclined towards the inner side of the drill bit body (8); the included angle between the central axis of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) and the drill bit body (8) is 0.33 alpha, and the central axis of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) is inclined towards the outer side of the drill bit body (8).
2. A tricone bit for particle impact drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the three particle jet flow modulation nozzles have the same inner flow passage, and the inner flow passage comprises a straight column inlet section (6-3), a conical shrinkage section (6-2) and a straight column outlet section (6-1), wherein the outlet diameter of the straight column outlet section (6-1) is d, the length of the straight column outlet section (6-1) is 3-5d, the shrinkage angle of the conical shrinkage section (6-2) is 13 degrees, the length is 5-6d, the inlet diameter of the straight column inlet section (6-3) is 2-4d, and the length is 1-2d.
3. A tricone bit for particle impact drilling as defined in claim 2, wherein: the distance between the outlet position of the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4) and the bottom hole is 8.5d, the distance between the outlet position of the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and the bottom hole is 7.8d, and the distance between the outlet position of the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) and the bottom hole is 10d.
4. A tricone bit for particle impact drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the first particle jet flow modulation nozzle (4), the second particle jet flow modulation nozzle (5) and the third particle jet flow modulation nozzle (6) are made of hard alloy materials and are connected with the drill bit body (8) in a brazing mode.
5. A tricone bit for particle impact drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the tooth (7) tooth profile may be any one of spherical, pointed oval, spoon-shaped, conical and wedge-shaped.
CN201711365969.9A 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 Tri-cone bit for particle impact drilling Active CN107905732B (en)

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CN109386236B (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-11-24 西南石油大学 Personalized cutting type tricone bit

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CN107905732A (en) 2018-04-13

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