CN107903860B - Binder for solar cell back protective film and application thereof - Google Patents
Binder for solar cell back protective film and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107903860B CN107903860B CN201710815727.9A CN201710815727A CN107903860B CN 107903860 B CN107903860 B CN 107903860B CN 201710815727 A CN201710815727 A CN 201710815727A CN 107903860 B CN107903860 B CN 107903860B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- solar cell
- protective film
- back surface
- cell back
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 alkylene glycol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 52
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000417 polynaphthalene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- MBHRHUJRKGNOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]methanol Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NCO)=N1 MBHRHUJRKGNOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006230 thermoplastic polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J167/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
- C08G12/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with substituted triazines
- C08G12/32—Melamines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/204—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in solar cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/322—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of solar panels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
- C09J2301/16—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the structure of the carrier layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2467/00—Presence of polyester
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of adhesives, and particularly relates to a water-resistant polyester resin adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film and application thereof. The adhesive for the solar cell back protective film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyester resin and 5-30 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, wherein the gel fraction of the binder is more than 50%. The protective film for the back surface of the solar cell is formed by compounding and pressing an electric insulating layer, a moisture-proof layer, a weather-resistant layer and an adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer at least comprises the adhesive for the protective film for the back surface of the solar cell. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the special melamine formaldehyde resin is added to form a chelating system, the viscosity of the system is greatly reduced by plugging polar groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl on a branched chain, and the hydrolysis resistance is unexpectedly and greatly improved, so that the processing and construction performance is excellent, the interlayer peeling strength is higher, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of adhesives, and particularly relates to a water-resistant polyester resin adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film and application thereof.
Background
Solar cells are attracting attention as a renewable clean energy source. One or more semiconductors capable of directly converting the energy of sunlight into electric energy can form a solar cell unit, several or even dozens of the solar cell units are connected in series or in parallel through leads and then are sealed by resin, and particularly, the solar cell units needing to work for a long time are packaged by adopting various suitable materials to prepare a component, namely a solar cell module. In general, a sunlight irradiation surface is covered with a glass plate, a transparent plastic film, or the like, a thermoplastic resin is embedded in a gap as a filler, and a back surface is protected with a plastic film (also called a back film or a back sheet protection film). Since a solar cell module is an outdoor-mounted electrical device that can be used outdoors for several decades, a protective film material constituting the module is required to have a certain mechanical strength, electrical insulation, weather resistance, moisture resistance, heat resistance, and the like in both short-term processing and long-term use. However, it is difficult for a single plastic film to have these functions at the same time, and thus it is necessary to bond and laminate a plurality of materials capable of sharing the respective functions together with an adhesive to form a composite protective film.
Chinese patent CN101805578A discloses a polyester resin adhesive, which is obtained by the cross-linking reaction of 100 weight parts of polyester resin and 3 weight parts of cross-linking agent polycarbodiimide resin V-05, wherein the polyester resin is formed by the polycondensation of polycarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol, in order to overcome the problem of poor hydrolysis resistance of the polyester resin, the cross-linking agent polycarbodiimide resin is introduced, although the comprehensive performance is excellent, the cross-linking system has high viscosity (up to 2000 cps) because of the existence of a plurality of exposed carboxyl or hydroxyl branched chains after cross-linking, the processing and the use are difficult, and the adhesive cannot be well applied to the protective film of a solar cell module. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a bonding material suitable for a protective film of a solar cell module, which can satisfy the requirement of the current solar cell product and is easy to process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a binder for a solar cell back protective film and application thereof, which are used for solving the problems of high viscosity and difficulty in processing and construction of the conventional binder.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyester resin and 5-30 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, wherein the gel fraction of the binder is more than 50%.
Further, 100 parts of polyester resin and 20 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, and the gel fraction of the binder is more than 60%.
Further, the preparation method of the melamine formaldehyde resin comprises the following steps: adding melamine into a formaldehyde aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-8.5, heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature, continuing to keep the temperature for reaction for half an hour after the system is clarified, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding methanol, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, heating to 50 ℃ again, reacting for 1 hour, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9 again to obtain the required melamine-formaldehyde resin.
Furthermore, the molar ratio of the melamine to the formaldehyde is 1 (3-6).
Furthermore, the molar ratio of the melamine to the methanol is 1 (15-20).
Further, the polyester resin is a copolymer of polycarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol, the polycarboxylic acid is aromatic dicarboxylic acid, the polycarboxylic acid at least comprises 50 mol% to 90 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and the polyhydric alcohol at least comprises 25 mol% to 90 mol% of alkylene glycol with 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
Further, the aromatic dicarboxylic acid is one or more selected from phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid.
Further, the alkylene glycol having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is one or more selected from 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol and 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
Further, the preparation method of the adhesive for the solar cell back surface protection film comprises the following steps: and at normal temperature, dropwise adding the melamine formaldehyde resin into a polyester resin copolymer solution, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, and cooling to obtain the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film.
The invention also provides a solar cell back protective film which is formed by compounding and pressing the electric insulating layer, the moisture-proof layer, the weather-resistant layer and the adhesive layer, wherein the electric insulating layer is a polyester film or a polycarbonate film, the weather-resistant layer is made of fluororesin and/or acrylic resin, the moisture-proof layer is made of metal aluminum or inorganic oxide, and the adhesive layer at least comprises the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the special melamine formaldehyde resin is added to form a chelating system, the viscosity of the system is greatly reduced from about 2000cps to 150-200cps by blocking polar groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and the like on a branched chain, and the hydrolysis resistance is unexpectedly and greatly improved, so that the processing and construction performance is excellent, the interlayer peeling strength is higher, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
Detailed Description
For the sake of understanding, the adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film and the application thereof will be described below with reference to examples, which are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The reagents used in the examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The solar cell back surface protective film provided by the invention is of a multilayer structure and comprises an electric insulating layer, a moisture-proof layer, a weather-resistant layer and an adhesive layer which is formed among the electric insulating layer, the moisture-proof layer and the weather-resistant layer and mainly plays a role in adhesion. Wherein:
the electric insulation layer is a polyester film or a polycarbonate film. The polyester may be a thermoplastic polyester resin obtained by esterification of one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid with aliphatic diols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene glycol, butanediol, and/or aromatic diols. Representative polyesters are: polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polynaphthalene, copolyesters of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and bisphenol A, copolyesters of polyphenylene oxide phthalate with its aromatic diols and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, and the like. Of these polyesters, polyethylene terephthalate and polynaphthalene are most preferable. These polyester resins can be generally formed into a polyester film by a melt extrusion method, and the mechanical strength and thermal dimensional stability of the polyester film can be further improved by stretching the film 2 to 4 times in the longitudinal and transverse directions and heat-setting the film at a higher temperature. In general, the thickness of the film may be 12 μm to 350. mu.m, and preferably 50 μm to 250. mu.m. From the viewpoint of dielectric breakdown resistance and moisture resistance, a thickness of 100 μm to 250 μm is more preferable. In addition, a polyester film having excellent hydrolysis resistance in which a carboxyl group is blocked, a polyester film to which an ultraviolet absorber and a pigment are added, a polyester film to which a paint containing an ultraviolet absorber and a pigment is sprayed on the surface, or the like can be used.
In terms of weight, the polyester film occupies a particularly large proportion in the protective film, and to achieve flame retardancy of the protective film, the polyester film must first be flame retardant. Flame retardancy of polyester films can be achieved by copolymerizing flame retardant monomers or mixing flame retardants with the polyester. When a solution is chosen in which a flame retardant is mixed in the polyester, the flame retardant may be an inorganic compound such as phosphide or aluminum hydroxide. Among them, the incorporation of aluminum hydroxide is a common and most desirable method for producing a flame-retardant film.
The polycarbonate resin is mainly composed of bisphenol and carbonic acid.
As the moisture barrier layer, a metal oxide such as silicon and/or aluminum, a metal thin film such as aluminum, or a metal foil such as aluminum foil can be used. Among them, a plated film of a metal oxide such as silicon and/or aluminum or an aluminum foil is most preferable. The thickness of the plating film is generally 10nm to 300nm, and the thickness of the metal foil is generally 5 μm to 25 μm. The adhesive layer in the present invention may be provided between the metal oxide and metal vapor deposited polyester resin film and the polycarbonate resin film, or a moisture barrier layer may be formed by vapor deposition of a thin plastic film, and the composite layer may be laminated on the polyester resin film and the polycarbonate resin film through the adhesive layer in the present invention. The metal foil may be laminated directly to the polyester film by the adhesive layer of the present invention in the same manner, or a moisture-proof layer obtained by laminating a metal foil and a thin plastic film may be prepared in advance, and the laminate may be laminated to the polyester resin film and the polycarbonate resin film via the adhesive layer of the present invention.
The weather-resistant layer may be a film or a coating film composed of a fluororesin and/or an acrylic resin. The fluororesin and the propylene resin may be used alone, respectively, but the fluororesin and the propylene resin may be copolymerized, blended, grafted, or laminated in combination. Wherein the fluororesin may be PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), ETFE (tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer), FEP (tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer), PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene), PFA (tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkyl copolymer), PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), or the like; the propylene resin may be polymethyl methacrylate or a copolymer resin of methyl methacrylate and other propylene monomers. Among them, preferred are films of PVF, PVDF, ETFE and the like, and coatings comprising a reaction product of a functional group-containing fluoropolymer, such as a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, isobutylene, vinyl ether and/or other monomer, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinyl ether and/or other monomer, a copolymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl ether and/or other monomer, a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride, vinyl ether and/or other monomer, and the like, and a functional isocyanate and the like. Of course, various pigments, ultraviolet absorbers, and the like may be added to these fluororesin films or coating films.
The adhesive layer in the present invention will be described in detail below. The adhesive layer is a layer which is mainly divided into functional layers such as an electrical insulating layer, a moisture-proof layer, and a weather-resistant layer which constitute the protective film of the present invention, and a layer which is interposed between the functional layers and bonds all the functional layers together. The adhesive layer mainly includes an adhesive layer, and in some cases, further includes a surface pretreatment layer, an undercoat layer, an adhesion-promoting layer, and the like. Wherein, the electric insulating layer mainly adopts films of polyester resin and polycarbonate resin, and aims to ensure that the electric insulating layer has good electric insulating property and heat resistance; the weather-resistant layer adopts a fluorine film; in the case where the moisture-proof layer is made of a metal or a metal oxide, which is a material having a high adhesion, it is known that the adhesive layer has the above-described functions required for the solar cell module member, particularly, moisture and heat resistance.
In the adhesive layer of the protective film of the present invention, organic or inorganic additives other than the above-described components may be contained. For example: ultraviolet absorbers, ultraviolet protectors, adhesion promoters, crosslinking reaction catalysts, light reflectors, defoamers, pigments, moisture absorbers, and the like.
In general, the adhesive layer of the protective film for a solar cell of the present invention is produced by the following method. And spraying the prepared adhesive for the solar cell back protective film on a resin film or a metal film, drying, and pressing the dried film and other films or metal films into an adhesive layer through a heating roller. The series of steps can be performed by conventional equipment and methods.
The method for measuring the gel fraction (% by weight) of the binder was as follows: 2.5 test samples were charged with 50ml of ethyl acetate into a 100ml format flask and dried under vacuum at 50 ℃ for 2 hours. The proportion of the weight of the insoluble portion in the initial weight is calculated as the percentage, i.e., the gel fraction.
The adhesive provided by the invention is concretely prepared from the following embodiments:
example 1
The adhesive for the solar cell back protective film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyester resin and 20 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin.
The preparation method of the melamine formaldehyde resin comprises the following steps: adding melamine into a formaldehyde aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-8.5, heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature, continuing to keep the temperature for reaction for half an hour after the system is clarified, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding methanol, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, heating to 50 ℃ again, reacting for 1 hour, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9 again to obtain the required melamine-formaldehyde resin. The molar ratio of the melamine to the formaldehyde is 1:3, and the molar ratio of the melamine to the methanol is 1: 15.
Wherein the polyester resin is a copolymer of a polycarboxylic acid comprising 60 mol% of a mixture of phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid and a polyol, the remainder being other types of polycarboxylic acids such as: adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and the like; the polyol comprises 30 mole% of a mixture of 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol and 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol, the remainder being other types of polyols such as: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and the like.
The specific preparation method of the adhesive for the solar cell back surface protection film comprises the following steps: and at normal temperature, dropwise adding the melamine formaldehyde resin into a polyester resin copolymer solution, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, and cooling to obtain the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film, wherein the gel fraction is more than 60%.
By introducing the etherified melamine formaldehyde resin chelating system, a resin layer with a net structure with high humidity and heat resistance is formed, and the system effectively blocks carboxyl and hydroxyl on a branched chain, so that the hydrolysis resistance is further improved, the viscosity is greatly reduced, and the processing and construction performances are improved.
Example 2
The adhesive for the solar cell back protective film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyester resin and 20 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin.
The preparation method of the melamine formaldehyde resin comprises the following steps: adding melamine into a formaldehyde aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-8.5, heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature, continuing to keep the temperature for reaction for half an hour after the system is clarified, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding methanol, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, heating to 50 ℃ again, reacting for 1 hour, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9 again to obtain the required melamine-formaldehyde resin. The molar ratio of the melamine to the formaldehyde is 1:6, and the molar ratio of the melamine to the methanol is 1: 20.
Wherein the polyester resin is a copolymer of a polycarboxylic acid comprising 90 mol% of a mixture of phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid and a polyol, the remainder being other types of polycarboxylic acids such as: adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and the like; the polyol comprises 80 mole% of a mixture of 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol and 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol, the remainder being other types of polyols such as: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and the like.
The specific preparation method of the adhesive for the solar cell back surface protection film comprises the following steps: and at normal temperature, dropwise adding the melamine formaldehyde resin into a polyester resin copolymer solution, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, and cooling to obtain the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film, wherein the gel fraction is more than 70%.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that methylolmelamine replaces the melamine formaldehyde resin.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that polycarbodiimide resin V-05 (manufactured by Nisshin textile Co., Ltd.) was used in place of the melamine formaldehyde resin.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 2 is that 80% of the polyol is a mixture of 1, 3-propanediol and 1, 4-butanediol.
And (3) performance testing:
1. interlayer adhesion: AGS-J manufactured by Shimadzu and measured according to ASTM D1876.
2. High temperature and high humidity experiment: the treatment was carried out at 120 ℃ under 2Kg atmospheric pressure and 100% RH for 96 hours, using C340 manufactured by Weiss-Voetsh Environmental Testing Instruments, and carried out in accordance with IEC 61215-10.13.
3. Viscosity of liquid: the test was performed using a BrookFIELD DV-II + PRO digital viscometer, USA, according to ASTM D445-04.
The above experimental data are collated in Table 1.
TABLE 1
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the liquid viscosity is greatly reduced, the adhesive force between layers is basically not changed under the condition of long-time high temperature and high humidity, and the hydrolysis resistance is better.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and such modifications or replacements may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The adhesive for the solar cell back surface protective film is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyester resin and 5-30 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, wherein the gel fraction of the adhesive is more than 50%;
the polyester resin is a copolymer of polycarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol, wherein the polycarboxylic acid is aromatic dicarboxylic acid, the polycarboxylic acid at least comprises 50-90 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and the polyhydric alcohol at least comprises 25-90 mol% of alkylene glycol with 3-20 carbon atoms;
the alkylene glycol with the carbon number of 3-20 is selected from one or more than two of 2-methyl-1, 3-propylene glycol, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propylene glycol and 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol;
the preparation method of the melamine formaldehyde resin comprises the following steps: adding melamine into a formaldehyde aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-8.5, heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature, continuing to keep the temperature for reaction for half an hour after the system is clarified, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding methanol, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, heating to 50 ℃ again, reacting for 1 hour, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9 again to obtain the required melamine-formaldehyde resin.
2. The adhesive for a solar cell back surface protection film according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive has a gel fraction of 60% or more, and comprises 100 parts of a polyester resin and 20 parts of a melamine-formaldehyde resin.
3. The adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of melamine to formaldehyde is 1 (3 to 6).
4. The adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of melamine to methanol is 1 (15 to 20).
5. The adhesive for a solar cell back surface protective film according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic dicarboxylic acid is one or more selected from phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.
6. The adhesive for a solar cell back surface protection film according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing the adhesive for a solar cell back surface protection film is as follows: and at normal temperature, dropwise adding the melamine formaldehyde resin into a polyester resin copolymer solution, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, and cooling to obtain the adhesive for the solar cell back protective film.
7. A solar cell back surface protective film, which is formed by compounding and pressing an electric insulating layer, a moisture-proof layer, a weather-resistant layer and an adhesive layer, wherein the electric insulating layer is a polyester film or a polycarbonate film, the weather-resistant layer is made of fluororesin and/or acrylic resin, the moisture-proof layer is made of metal aluminum or inorganic oxide, and the adhesive layer at least comprises the adhesive for the solar cell back surface protective film according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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