CN107895070A - A kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods - Google Patents
A kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107895070A CN107895070A CN201711061447.XA CN201711061447A CN107895070A CN 107895070 A CN107895070 A CN 107895070A CN 201711061447 A CN201711061447 A CN 201711061447A CN 107895070 A CN107895070 A CN 107895070A
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- hole
- orifice plate
- energy dissipating
- cavity length
- hole plug
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods, cavity a length of investigation amount being selected, being hole plug when cavity length is less than energy dissipating hole thickness, cavity length is orifice plate when being more than energy dissipating hole thickness；It is determined that influence cavity length factor, including in flood discharging tunnel current mean flow rate, jet density, current viscosity, flood discharge hole dia, energy dissipating bore dia；Numerical simulator of the current by energy dissipating hole is established based on RNG k ε models；Logarithm value analog result carries out analysis fitting, determines cavity length and the empirical representation of correlative factor, according to the cavity length of acquisition compared with the thickness of energy dissipating hole, divides orifice plate and hole plug.It is an advantage of the invention that establishing the criteria for classifying of orifice plate and hole plug, the quick division to orifice plate and hole plug is realized, improves the energy dissipating efficiency of orifice plate or hole plug, orifice plate is promoted or the application in high dam flood discharge is filled in hole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering technical field, and in particular to a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division side
Method.
Background technology
With the fast development of hydropower, in hydropower project, the use of high dam is more and more, and so high is big
Dam, the current let out under it have huge energy, how fallen the huge energy dissipation let out under high dam, to protect dam and downstream
The safety in river course, it is always a big important topic of the pendulum in face of vast water power worker.
Orifice plate or hole plug have important application in high dam flood discharge, and energy dissipating is filled in by its special build in orifice plate or hole so that
Current can produce sudden contraction and sudden expansion when passing through orifice plate, so as to form strong turbulent fluctuation and Strong shear, to reach the purpose of energy dissipating.Orifice plate or
Hole plug has the characteristics that simple arrangement, economy, energy dissipating efficiency high, cavitation destruction are smaller, has in following water power energy dissipating
Important application prospect.
Orifice plate or hole plug are energy dissipating hole, because thickness is different, when current flow through orifice plate, and current only once sudden contraction and prominent
Expand, and current flow through hole plug when, due to hole plug thickness it is big, current have sudden contraction twice and sudden expansion, and specifically, cavity length L is small
Filled in when the thickness T of energy dissipating hole for hole, cavity length L be orifice plate when being more than energy dissipating hole thickness T, it is seen that current pass through orifice plate or hole plug
When flowing law be different,, be to orifice plate during in particular by multistage energy dissipating pore structure therefore when Energy Dissipation in High Dam designs
Capable division is filled in hole, improves energy dissipating efficiency, but propose that orifice plate fills in the specific criteria for classifying with hole there is presently no people.
《Chinese countryside water conservancy and hydropower》6th phase in 2009, describe in article entitled " energy dissipating hole energy dissipating summary " orifice plate and
Several implementations, present Research and the practical application of hole plug, but to orifice plate and hole plug, simply notional difference describes, and does not have
Relate to orifice plate and fill in the specific criteria for classifying with hole.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods, so as to realize
Row is filled in orifice plate and hole to divide exactly, improves energy dissipating efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods, specifically using following steps：
Step 1: selected cavity length L is investigation amount, cavity length L fills in when being less than energy dissipating hole thickness T for hole, cavity length
Degree L is orifice plate when being more than energy dissipating hole thickness T；
Step 2: determine to influence cavity length L factor, including in flood discharging tunnel current mean flow rate u, jet density ρ,
Current viscosity, mu, flood discharge hole dia D, energy dissipating bore dia d；
Step 3: numerical simulator of the current by energy dissipating hole is established based on RNG k- ε models；
Step 4: logarithm value analog result carries out analysis fitting, determine that the experience of cavity length L and correlative factor is expressed
Formula, according to the cavity length L of acquisition compared with the thickness T of energy dissipating hole, divide orifice plate and hole plug.
Preferably, determine that the factor for influenceing cavity length L further obtains specifically by dimensional analysis in step 2：L/
D=f (β, Re), wherein Re=uD ρ/μ are Reynolds number, and β=d/D is aperture ratio.
Preferably, it is specific by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole based on RNG k- ε models to establish current in step 3
For：
(1) current include following governing equation by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：
Continuity equation：
Momentum conservation equation：
K- equations：
ε-equation：
Wherein：xi(=x, y) for axially and radially direction coordinate, ui(=ux, uy) for the water flow velocity in axially or radially direction
Degree, ρ are the density of fluid, and p is pressure, and v is flow dynamic viscosity, vtIt is vortex viscosity, vt=Cμ(k2/ ε), k represents that turbulent flow is moved
Can, ε is dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, Cμ=0.085, other specification value is expressed asη=Sk/
ε, C1=1.42,ηo=4.377, λ=0.012,C2=1.68, αk=
αε=1.39；
(2) current are included by the boundary condition of the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：Become a mandarin border, Outlet boundary, symmetrical
Axle border and wall border, the processing method of each boundary condition are：The boundary condition that becomes a mandarin becomes a mandarin mean flow rate, Turbulent Kinetic
Distribution, dissipation turbulent kinetic energy distribution, their mathematic(al) representation is respectively uin=u0, k=0.0144u0 2, ε=k1.5/
(0.5R), wherein u0For entrance mean flow rate, R is flood discharging tunnel radius；Outlet boundary processing method is to assume that stream obtains fully
Development；The processing method on symmetry axis border assumes that radial velocity is 0, and the gradient of each variable radially is also considered as 0；
The processing method on wall border is to be employed in boundary layer flow without sliding it is assumed that the speed of wall boundary speed and boundary node point
Measure equal.
Preferably, cavity length L and the empirical representation of correlative factor are specially L/D=0.4427 (d/ in step 4
D)-0.3538, wherein d/D=0.4-0.8, Re ＞ 105。
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：Number of the current by energy dissipating hole is established based on RNG k- ε models
It is worth simulation model, according to the result of simulation model, fitting data has obtained cavity length and the empirical representation of correlative factor, built
The criteria for classifying of orifice plate and hole plug has been found, has realized the quick division to orifice plate and hole plug.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fluidised form schematic diagram that reclaimed water stream of the present invention passes through orifice plate；
Fig. 2 is the fluidised form schematic diagram that reclaimed water stream of the present invention is filled in by hole；
Fig. 3 be in the present invention L/D values with aperture ratio d/D variation relation figures.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods are specific using following step
Suddenly：
Step 1: selected cavity length L is investigation amount, cavity length L fills in when being less than energy dissipating hole thickness T for hole, cavity length
Degree L is orifice plate when being more than energy dissipating hole thickness T；
Step 2: determine to influence cavity length L factor, including in flood discharging tunnel current mean flow rate u, jet density ρ,
Current viscosity, mu, flood discharge hole dia D, energy dissipating bore dia d；
Step 3: numerical simulator of the current by energy dissipating hole is established based on RNG k- ε models；
Step 4: logarithm value analog result carries out analysis fitting, determine that the experience of cavity length L and correlative factor is expressed
Formula, according to the cavity length L of acquisition compared with the thickness T of energy dissipating hole, divide orifice plate and hole plug.
Determine that the factor for influenceing cavity length L further obtains specifically by dimensional analysis in step 2：L/D=f (β,
Re), wherein Re=uD ρ/μ are Reynolds number, and β=d/D is aperture ratio.
Establish current based on RNG k- ε models in step 3 is specially by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：
(1) current include following governing equation by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：
Continuity equation：
Momentum conservation equation：
K- equations：
ε-equation：
Wherein：xi(=x, y) for axially and radially direction coordinate, ui(=ux, uy) for the water flow velocity in axially or radially direction
Degree, ρ are the density of fluid, and p is pressure, and v is flow dynamic viscosity, vtIt is vortex viscosity, vt=Cμ(k2/ ε), k represents that turbulent flow is moved
Can, ε is dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, Cμ=0.085, other specification value is expressed asη=Sk/
ε, C1=1.42,ηo=4.377, λ=0.012,C2=1.68, αk=α
ε=1.39；
(2) current are included by the boundary condition of the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：Become a mandarin border, Outlet boundary, symmetrical
Axle border and wall border, the processing method of each boundary condition are：The boundary condition that becomes a mandarin becomes a mandarin mean flow rate, Turbulent Kinetic
Distribution, dissipation turbulent kinetic energy distribution, their mathematic(al) representation is respectively uin=u0, k=0.0144u0 2, ε=k1.5/
(0.5R), wherein u0For entrance mean flow rate, R is flood discharging tunnel radius；Outlet boundary processing method is to assume that stream obtains fully
Development；The processing method on symmetry axis border assumes that radial velocity is 0, and the gradient of each variable radially is also considered as 0；
The processing method on wall border is to be employed in boundary layer flow without sliding it is assumed that the speed of wall boundary speed and boundary node point
Measure equal.
Cavity length L and the empirical representation of correlative factor are specially L/D=0.4427 (d/D) in step 4-0.3538, its
Middle d/D=0.4-0.8, Re ＞ 105。
Will influence cavity length L factor, including in flood discharging tunnel current mean flow rate u, jet density ρ, current viscosity
The further dimensional analysis of μ, flood discharge hole dia D, energy dissipating bore dia d, the principal element for obtaining influenceing cavity length L is Reynolds respectively
Number Re and aperture ratio d/D, when aperture ratio be fixed as 0.5 it is constant when, change Reynolds number when, calculated based on RNG k- ε models,
The data that one group of L/D value changes with Reynolds number are obtained, the results are shown in Table 1.As a result show, when Reynolds number is more than 0.9 × 105When, thunder
Influence of the promise number to cavity length is little, almost negligible.
When the aperture ratio d/D=0.5 of table 1 immobilizes, the value with L/D is with reynolds number Re size variation table
When Reynolds number is more than 105, influence of the Reynolds number to cavity length now can be neglected, change the value of aperture ratio, obtain
The data that one group of L/D value changes with aperture ratio, draw L/D values as shown in Figure 3 by the data of acquisition and change with aperture ratio d/D
Graph of a relation, curve matching Fig. 3, the empirical representation for obtaining cavity length and aperture ratio is L/D=0.4427 (d/D)-0.3538, its
The scope of application of middle aperture ratio is d/D=0.4-0.8, the scope of application of Reynolds number is Re ＞ 105。
According to known aperture ratio and flood discharge hole dia, bring the empirical representation of cavity length and aperture ratio into, can calculate
Cavity length, then by cavity length compared with the thickness of energy dissipating hole, cavity length is filled in when being less than energy dissipating hole thickness for hole, cavity
Length is orifice plate when being more than energy dissipating hole thickness, realizes the quick division to orifice plate or hole plug, improves disappearing for orifice plate or hole plug
The application in high dam flood discharge is filled in energy efficiency, further genralrlization orifice plate or hole.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods, it is characterized in that, a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation with
Hole plug division methods specifically use following steps：
Step 1: selected cavity length L is investigation amount, cavity length L fills in when being less than energy dissipating hole thickness T for hole, and cavity length L is big
It is orifice plate when the thickness T of energy dissipating hole；
Step 2: determine to influence cavity length L factor, including in flood discharging tunnel current mean flow rate u, jet density ρ, current
Viscosity, mu, flood discharge hole dia D, energy dissipating bore dia d；
Step 3: numerical simulator of the current by energy dissipating hole is established based on RNG k- ε models；
Step 4: logarithm value analog result carries out analysis fitting, cavity length L and the empirical representation of correlative factor, root are determined
According to the cavity length L of acquisition compared with the thickness T of energy dissipating hole, orifice plate and hole plug are divided.
2. a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation according to claim 1 and hole plug division methods, it is characterized in that, step 2
It is middle to determine that the factor for influenceing cavity length L further obtains specifically by dimensional analysis：L/D=f (β, Re), wherein Re=uD ρ/
μ is Reynolds number, and β=d/D is aperture ratio.
3. a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation according to claim 1 and hole plug division methods, it is characterized in that, step 3
In current established based on RNG k- ε models be specially by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：
(1) current include following governing equation by the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：
Continuity equation：
Momentum conservation equation：
K- equations：
ε-equation：
Wherein：xi(=x, y) for axially and radially direction coordinate, ui(=ux, uy) for the water velocity in axially or radially direction, ρ
It is the density of fluid, p is pressure, and v is flow dynamic viscosity, vtIt is vortex viscosity, vt=Cμ(k2/ ε), k represents Turbulent Kinetic, and ε is
Dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, Cμ=0.085, other specification value is expressed asη=Sk/ ε, C1=
1.42ηo=4.377, λ=0.012,C2=1.68, αk=αε=
1.39；
(2) current are included by the boundary condition of the numerical simulator in energy dissipating hole：Become a mandarin border, Outlet boundary, symmetry axis side
Boundary and wall border, the processing method of each boundary condition are：The boundary condition that becomes a mandarin becomes a mandarin mean flow rate, Turbulent Kinetic point
Cloth, dissipation turbulent kinetic energy distribution, their mathematic(al) representation is respectively uin=u0, k=0.0144u0 2, ε=k1.5/ (0.5R),
Wherein u0For entrance mean flow rate, R is flood discharging tunnel radius；Outlet boundary processing method is to assume that stream attains full development；It is right
The processing method on axle border assumes that radial velocity is referred to as 0, and the gradient of each variable radially is also considered as 0；Wall side
The processing method on boundary is to be employed in boundary layer flow without sliding it is assumed that the velocity component phase of wall boundary speed and boundary node
Deng.
4. a kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation according to claim 2 and hole plug division methods, it is characterized in that, step 4
Middle cavity length L and the empirical representation of correlative factor are specially L/D=0.4427 (d/D)-0.3538, wherein d/D=0.4-
0.8, Re ＞ 105。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711061447.XA CN107895070A (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2017-11-01 | A kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods |
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| CN201711061447.XA CN107895070A (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2017-11-01 | A kind of orifice plate based on numerical simulation and hole plug division methods |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101858069A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2010-10-13 | 河海大学 | Method for judging flow state of throat-type energy dissipater |
| CN104991992A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江海洋学院 | Calculation method of hole plate water-flow pressure recovery length |
| CN105045987A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for calculating relation of influence of thickness of pore plate on energy loss coefficient of pore plate |
-
2017
- 2017-11-01 CN CN201711061447.XA patent/CN107895070A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101858069A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2010-10-13 | 河海大学 | Method for judging flow state of throat-type energy dissipater |
| CN104991992A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江海洋学院 | Calculation method of hole plate water-flow pressure recovery length |
| CN105045987A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for calculating relation of influence of thickness of pore plate on energy loss coefficient of pore plate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WU JIAN-HUA, AI WAN-ZHENG: "FLOWS THROUGH ENERGY DISSIPATERS WITH SUDDEN REDUCTION AND SUDDEN ENLARGEMENT FORMS", 《JOURNAL OF HYDRODYNAMICS》 * |
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Application publication date: 20180410 |
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