CN107894617A - A kind of method that migration noise is eliminated in seism processing - Google Patents
A kind of method that migration noise is eliminated in seism processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107894617A CN107894617A CN201710979990.1A CN201710979990A CN107894617A CN 107894617 A CN107894617 A CN 107894617A CN 201710979990 A CN201710979990 A CN 201710979990A CN 107894617 A CN107894617 A CN 107894617A
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/30—Noise handling
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to seism processing field in seismic prospecting, and in particular to a kind of method that migration noise is eliminated in seism processing.The present invention is by calculating in seismic channel set data trace header actual shifts away from difference of the smallest offset in value and seismic channel set data trace header away from value and maximum offset value, obtain undesirable outlier and this outlier is set to zero, undesirable outlier has thus been weeded out from geological data, that is the trace gather data of these offset distances being removed " outlier " are no longer participate in excision below and overlap-add procedure and then the prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section that are needed, effectively solve the influence of migration noise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seism processing field in seismic prospecting, and in particular to is eliminated in a kind of seism processing inclined
The method for moving noise.
Background technology
With the development of computer technology, seismic data processing is by original conventional treatment, till now folded
Preceding time migration and pre-stack depth migration processing, and a factor for influenceing offset mass is exactly migration noise (picture arc), it is this
The presence of migration noise (picture arc) can fall into oblivion the effective reflection of peripheral region, make effective catoptric imaging unclear, reduce and cut open
Face quality, influences Explanation Accuracy, so being badly in need of a kind of method removes migration noise (picture arc) this influence migrated section quality
Factor, the true colours of seismic reflection are reduced, so as to obtain the migrated section of the high quality of imaging clearly.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that migration noise is eliminated in seism processing, to solve earthquake money
Lack the problem of removing migration noise method in material processing procedure.
To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes a kind of method that migration noise is eliminated in seism processing,
Comprise the following steps：
Obtain common seismic trace gather data；
Pre-stack time migration processing is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data, obtains pre-stack time migration seismic channel set number
According to；Pre-stack depth migration processing is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data, obtains pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data；
Smallest offset is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data and away from value and maximum offset Data-Statistics and is respectively written into ground
Shake data header word；
The pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data are carried out respectively
Header word editor's computing, yield less than the smallest offset away from the first outlier header word and more than the maximum offset
Two outlier header words, and it is respectively written into geological data trace header word；
The first outlier header word and the second outlier header word are set to zero, with obtaining new pre-stack time migration
Shake trace gather data and new pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data；
To the new pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the new pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data
Handled, obtain prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Handled by pre-stack time migration and pre-stack depth migration is handled, obtained corresponding
Seismic channel set data；Compare smallest offset in actual seismic trace gather data in offset distance value and seismic channel set data away from value and
The size of maximum offset value, obtain undesirable outlier and be set to zero, and then needed by excision, overlap-add procedure
Prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section, effectively solve the shadow of migration noise
Ring.
Further, field original earthquake data is subjected to indoor conventional treatment, obtains the common seismic trace gather data.
Further, the header word editor computing includes：
Offset-offsetmin=diffmin；
offsetmax- Offset=diffmax；
Wherein, Offset is actual shifts away from value, offsetminIt is smallest offset away from value, offsetmaxFor maximum offset
Value；diffminFor the first outlier header word；diffmaxFor the second outlier header word.
Further, to the new pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the new pre-stack depth migration earthquake
Trace gather data are cut off and overlap-add procedure, obtain prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement
Section.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the method that migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the seismic cross-section that certain seismic data is handled without the method for the invention in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the seismic cross-section that seismic data passes through the method for the invention processing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
During seismic data process, the presence of migration noise has a strong impact on the quality of seismic profile, makes imaging clearly
The migrated section of high quality is difficult to obtain, therefore the invention provides the side that migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing
Method, for solving this problem.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the invention, is comprised the following steps：
1) field original earthquake data is subjected to indoor conventional treatment, and forms common seismic trace gather data；
2) pre-stack time migration processing further is carried out to geological data, and forms pre-stack time migration seismic channel set number
According to；
3) pre-stack depth migration processing further is carried out to geological data, and forms pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set number
According to；
4) common seismic trace gather data are carried out with smallest offset away from (being labeled as header word offsetmin)/maximum offset
(it is labeled as header word offsetmax) statistics, and write geological data trace header word；
5) header word is carried out to pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data respectively
Computing is edited, i.e.,：
Offset-offsetmin=diffmin；
offsetmax- Offset=diffmax；
Offset be actual shifts away from value, can directly be read from the common seismic trace gather data header word；
offsetminIt is smallest offset away from value, offsetmaxFor maximum offset value, diffminBe actual shifts away from value and smallest offset
Difference away from value, i.e., beyond smallest offset away from " outlier " in addition, diffmaxFor the difference of maximum offset value and actual shifts away from value,
" outlier " exceeded beyond maximum offset；
So, actual shifts just be have found away from " outlier " beyond both sides (min-max), then header word diffmin、
diffmaxValue be set to zero, i.e. diffmin=0, diffmax=0, so the first outlier of header word in geological data diffminWith
diffmaxZero is set to, actual shifts are eliminated away from outer offset distance " outlier ", so as to obtain eliminating the folded of offset distance " outlier "
Preceding trace gather data；
6) to eliminating the pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and pre-stack depth migration seismic channel of offset distance " outlier "
Collection data are cut off, are superimposed to form final prestack time seismic migration achievement section and final prestack depth seismic migration achievement
Section.
Fig. 2 is that certain seismic data pre-stack depth migration eliminates the seismic cross-section before migration noise (picture arc), Fig. 3 Fig. 2
In seismic data pre-stack depth migration eliminate the seismic cross-section after migration noise (picture arc), to left side 1.5 seconds in two width figures
Image of between by the 6 seconds and right side between 0.5 second to 6 seconds is compared, it can be deduced that conclusion, by the method for the invention
After processing, skew " picture arc " is effectively eliminated, and the lineups of corresponding site are fallen into oblivion by " picture arc " in Fig. 2, can't see lineups
Imaging.Corresponding site lineups imaging clearly in Fig. 3, the true colours of lineups are reduced, effective reflection with peripheral region
Mutually coordinate, positive effect.
Embodiment of the present invention is presented above, by comparing offset distance value and seismic channel in actual seismic
Collect size of the smallest offset in data away from value and maximum offset value, obtain undesirable outlier and be set to zero, make
The trace gather data for obtaining these offset distances " outlier " being removed are no longer participate in being formed finally followed by the processing of excision, superposition
The process of section, and then influence of the migration noise to data processing is eliminated, the prestack time seismic migration achievement needed is cutd open
Face and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section.
But the present invention is not limited to described embodiment, such as asks for outlier with other modes, or passes through it
His processing means obtain offseting achievement section, and the technical scheme so formed is finely adjusted to be formed to above-described embodiment,
This technical scheme is still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method for migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Obtain common seismic trace gather data；
Pre-stack time migration processing is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data, obtains pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data；
Pre-stack depth migration processing is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data, obtains pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data；
Smallest offset is carried out to the common seismic trace gather data and away from value and maximum offset Data-Statistics and is respectively written into earthquake number
According to header word；
Trace header is carried out to the pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data respectively
Word editor's computing, yield less than the smallest offset away from the first outlier header word and second wild more than the maximum offset
It is worth header word, and is respectively written into geological data trace header word；
The first outlier header word and the second outlier header word are set to zero, obtain new pre-stack time migration seismic channel
Collect data and new pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data；
The new pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the new pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data are carried out
Processing, obtains prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section.
2. the method for migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By field
Original earthquake data carries out indoor conventional treatment, obtains the common seismic trace gather data.
3. the method for migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating header word editor's computing includes：
Offset-offsetmin=diffmin；
offsetmax- Offset=diffmax；
Wherein, Offset is actual shifts away from value, offsetminIt is smallest offset away from value, offsetmaxFor maximum offset value；
diffminFor the first outlier header word；diffmaxFor the second outlier header word.
4. the method for migration noise is eliminated in a kind of seism processing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：To described
New pre-stack time migration seismic channel set data and the new pre-stack depth migration seismic channel set data are cut off and are superimposed
Processing, obtains prestack time seismic migration achievement section and prestack depth seismic migration achievement section.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110515121A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Offset distance rule method and device in a kind of processing of seismic data amplitude compensation |
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| US20060133208A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-22 | Karine Broto | Method of determining specular information after prestack seismic imaging |
| CN105445792A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Pre-stack multiple reverse time migration earthquake data processing method and system |
| CN105652322A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | T-f-k field polarization filtering method for multi-component seismic data |
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2017
- 2017-10-19 CN CN201710979990.1A patent/CN107894617A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| US20060133208A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-22 | Karine Broto | Method of determining specular information after prestack seismic imaging |
| CN105445792A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Pre-stack multiple reverse time migration earthquake data processing method and system |
| CN105652322A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | T-f-k field polarization filtering method for multi-component seismic data |
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| 尹志清: "《断裂浅层勘探技术及应用》", 31 March 2015, 中国海洋大学出版社 * |
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| CN110515121A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Offset distance rule method and device in a kind of processing of seismic data amplitude compensation |
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