CN102798893A - Three-dimensional superimposed tomography inversion static correction method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional superimposed tomography inversion static correction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifold three-dimensional superimposed tomography inversion static correction calculating method aiming at the same working area in seismic exploration data processing, comprising the following steps of: carrying out first arrival comparison on the traditional three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data and two-fold three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data in points, lines and planes, calculating first arrival average time difference, uniformizing first arrival times, merging first arrival data according to a first arrival tomography inversion data format, optimizing shot-point distribution and detection-point distribution and then obtaining a near-surface model through tomography inversion, extracting a stable high-speed interface, and calculating a static correcting value. The tomography inversion static correction calculating method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that an inversion model is accurate, a middle and long wavelength static correction and two-fold three-dimensional boundary problem existing in horizontal direction is reasonably solved, and the method disclosed by the invention is applicable to two-fold three-dimensional exploration on a complicated surface on the traditional three-dimensional basis and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technology relates to
The present invention relates to the 3-D seismics data processing method, is a kind of to the repeatedly three-dimensional tomographic inversion static correction computing method that cover in same work area.
Background technology
The rich oil district in the west area, degree of prospecting is increasingly high, and a lot of exploration target area develop into the three-dimensional exploration of the secondary that improves precision gradually on original once three-dimensional exploration basis, also increasingly high to the requirement of static correction simultaneously.Because western complex area, open-air near-surface investigation is difficult to control fully the Changing Pattern of near surface structure; Refraction wave is difficult to identification, and is also unstable often, causes open-air model static correction and refractive wave static correction The Application of Technology to be very limited.And distortion takes place or receives noise effect bigger in reflection wave, and feasible static correction technology based on reflection wave also can't play one's part to the full.
Primary wave chromatography static correcting method can be avoided or address these problems relatively preferably.At first, the primary wave propagation distance is short, and energy loss is relatively little, and it is little to have a distortion, the advantage that is easy to discern, and the static correction problem of utilizing primary wave to solve this district has good condition precedent; Secondly, adopt primary wave chromatography static correcting method need not distinguish direct wave on the first arrival curve, refraction wave etc., can these ripples be taken all factors into consideration, avoided the influence of should district's nothing stablizing refractor; In addition, combine with open-air near-surface investigation, there is not the problem at reference mark and non-reference mark in the top layer information of primary wave chromatographic technique on can all observation positions of inverting, can be finally inversed by the Changing Pattern of near surface structure more accurately.Therefore, primary wave tomographic inversion static correction technology becomes the important technical that solves the work of western complex area 3D static correction.
But; There are distinct issues in primary wave tomographic inversion static correcting method in the three-dimensional Data Processing of routine is used: most of what adopt all is the recording geometry in narrow orientation in complex area at present; Such recording geometry is on vertical junction take-up direction (Cross-line) direction; Degree of covering is low, and big gun inspection distribution density is little, makes that the data volume of participating in Inversion Calculation is not enough; Particularly in surface structure complex region (like the river, mountain front, coombe etc.) occurs easily, long wavelength's static correction problem.Moreover three-dimensional work area generally all exists bigger full covering fringing and additional alignment part, and the data volume that these subparticipation tomographic inversions calculate generally all lacks little geophone offset first arrival data, and the border distortion appears in inversion result easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides in a kind of nothing, the distortion of long wavelength's static correction problem and border, work area inverse model, solve transversely in, the tomographic inversion static correction computing method that cover of the three-dimensional of long wavelength's static correction problem.
The present invention adopts following technical step to realize:
1) carries out the three-dimensional exploration of secondary in the work area, with in the scope of work area or carry out first arrival greater than the three-dimensional in the past exploration data geological data of work area scope and pick up, put in order;
The exploration that described three-dimensional in the past exploration is different years, different azimuth, different recording geometrys.
The three-dimensional exploration of described secondary is the exploration that improves precision than three-dimensional exploration in the past.
2) three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data are carried out the first arrival contrast with the three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data of secondary on point, line, surface in the past, ask for the average time difference of first arrival, are corrected to three-dimensional in the past exploration shot point first break time consistent with the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first break time;
3) merge according to three-dimensional exploration in the past of first arrival tomographic inversion data layout and the three-dimensional first arrival data of the three-dimensional exploration of secondary;
It is to realize through three-dimensional exploration in the past and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary big gun, inspection first arrival uniform data form that three-dimensional superimposed Calculation Method is adopted in described merging:
At first the first arrival data are renumberd according to shot point, geophone station pile No., three-dimensional exploration in the past and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary pile No. are distinguished;
Described renumbeing is that the preceding unification of three-dimensional in the past exploration pile No. adds 1, and unification adds 2 before the three-dimensional exploration of the secondary pile No..
Three-dimensional in the past exploration that will renumber then and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data importing meet the first arrival database that tomographic inversion requires, and become a total data storehouse that comprises three-dimensional in the past exploration and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data.
The superimposed couplet sheet that is different from traditional three-dimensional data of described three-dimensional belongs to the data extending on the plane, is the overlapping covering of data that belongs on the space.
4) big gun, the cautious distribution are optimized;
It is unwanted big gun, cautious removing that the described distribution of step 4) is optimized, and makes along line direction and big gun, inspection on the vertical line direction unanimity that distributes, and makes participation inverting data have regularity.
5) carry out tomographic inversion, calculate the near-surface model in work area, the model after the inverting is extracted stable high speed velocity interface, calculate static correction value as static correction basis of calculation layer.
The present invention has increased the data volume of the three-dimensional tomographic inversion of secondary, makes that participating in the inverting data volume at the vertical line direction of the three-dimensional Cross-line of secondary increases greatly, inverse model more accurately, rationally, solve transversely exist in, long wavelength's static correction problem.Simultaneously,, increased the data area of participating in Inversion Calculation after superimposed, made the three-dimensional boundary problem of secondary also obtain solution because the three-dimensional scope of secondary is greater than three-dimensional in the past observation scope.The present invention is useful in and carries out the three-dimensional exploratory area of secondary on the three-dimensional in the past basis, complicated earth surface district, has a extensive future.
Description of drawings
(b) big gun inspection distribution plan in (a) back before three-dimensional in the past exploration of Fig. 1 and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data are superimposed:
Fig. 2 process flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is a kind of to the repeatedly three-dimensional static correcting method that covers in same work area.
The present invention is directed to the problem that primary wave tomographic inversion static correction technology exists in conventional 3-D seismics Data Processing is used; Carry out tomographic inversion calculating static correction with secondary 3-D seismics data before; With the three-dimensional in the past data first arrival data preparation of (generally scope) in the scope of work area different in the past years, different azimuth much larger than the work area well back and the three-dimensional data first arrival data of secondary carry out superimposed, and then unified Inversion Calculation.Increased the data volume of the three-dimensional tomographic inversion of secondary like this; Particularly under three-dimensional and the inconsistent situation of secondary three-dimensional observation direction in the past; Make that participating in the inverting data volume at the vertical line direction of the three-dimensional Cross-line of secondary increases (Fig. 1) greatly; Inverse model more accurately, rationally, solve transversely exist in, long wavelength's static correction problem.Simultaneously,, increased the data area of participating in Inversion Calculation after superimposed, made the three-dimensional boundary problem of secondary also obtain solution because the three-dimensional scope of secondary is greater than three-dimensional in the past observation scope.
The superimposed inverting static correcting method of three-dimensional chromatography is realized through following technical step (flow process is seen Fig. 2):
Step 1: according to the distribution range in the three-dimensional work area of secondary, collect in the scope of work area and the 3D seismic data in the past of adjoining area, 3-D seismics data first arrival data are in the past picked up, put in order.
Step 2: three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data were carried out the first arrival contrast with the three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data of secondary on point, line, surface in the past; Ask for the average time difference of first arrival, be corrected to three-dimensional in the past exploration shot point first break time consistent with the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first break time.
Step 3: merge according to three-dimensional exploration in the past of first arrival tomographic inversion data layout and the three-dimensional first arrival data of the three-dimensional exploration of secondary; To three-dimensionally in the past explore and three-dimensional big gun, the inspection first arrival uniform data form explored of secondary; At first the first arrival data are renumberd according to shot point, geophone station pile No.; Unification adds 1 before the three-dimensional in the past exploration pile No.; Unification adds 2 before the three-dimensional exploration of the secondary pile No., and three-dimensional exploration in the past and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary pile No. are distinguished; Three-dimensional in the past exploration that will renumber then and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data importing meet the first arrival database that tomographic inversion requires, and become a total data storehouse that comprises three-dimensional in the past exploration and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data.Fig. 1 a is the three-dimensional big gun of the secondary before merging, cautious DATA DISTRIBUTION; Fig. 1 b is for comprising three-dimensional in the past exploration and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary big gun, inspection DATA DISTRIBUTION after merging.
Step 4: big gun, the cautious distribution are optimized.Unwanted big gun, cautious removing, make along line direction and big gun, inspection on the vertical line direction unanimity that distributes, make participation inverting data have regularity.
Step 5: carry out tomographic inversion, calculate the near-surface model in work area, the model after the inverting is extracted stable high speed velocity interface, calculate static correction value as static correction basis of calculation layer.
The present invention is useful in and carries out the three-dimensional exploratory area of secondary on the three-dimensional in the past basis, complicated earth surface district.At present the west area degree of prospecting is increasingly high, and a lot of exploration target area have carried out improving the secondary of precision or 3-d seismic exploration repeatedly, have a extensive future.
Claims (7)
1. three-dimensional tomographic inversion static correction computing method that cover, characteristics are to adopt following technical step realization:
1) carries out the three-dimensional exploration of secondary in the work area, with in the scope of work area or carry out first arrival greater than the three-dimensional in the past exploration data geological data of work area scope and pick up, put in order;
2) three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data are carried out the first arrival contrast with the three-dimensional exploration data first arrival data of secondary on point, line, surface in the past, ask for the average time difference of first arrival, are corrected to three-dimensional in the past exploration shot point first break time consistent with the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first break time;
3) merge according to three-dimensional exploration in the past of first arrival tomographic inversion data layout and the three-dimensional first arrival data of the three-dimensional exploration of secondary;
4) big gun, the cautious distribution are optimized;
5) carry out tomographic inversion, calculate the near-surface model in work area, the model after the inverting is extracted stable high speed velocity interface, calculate static correction value as static correction basis of calculation layer.
2. method according to claim 1, characteristics are explorations that the described three-dimensional in the past exploration of step 1) is different years, different azimuth, different recording geometrys.
3. method according to claim 1, characteristics are that the three-dimensional exploration of the described secondary of step 1) is the exploration that improves precision than three-dimensional exploration in the past.
4. method according to claim 1, characteristics be the described merging of step 3) adopt three-dimensional superimposed Calculation Method be through will be in the past three-dimensional exploration with the three-dimensional exploration of secondary big gun, examine first arrival uniform data form and realize:
At first the first arrival data are renumberd according to shot point, geophone station pile No., three-dimensional exploration in the past and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary pile No. are distinguished;
Three-dimensional in the past exploration that will renumber then and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data importing meet the first arrival database that tomographic inversion requires, and become a total data storehouse that comprises three-dimensional in the past exploration and the three-dimensional exploration of secondary first arrival data.
5. method according to claim 5, characteristics are that described renumbeing is that the preceding unification of three-dimensional in the past exploration pile No. adds 1, and unification adds 2 before the three-dimensional exploration of the secondary pile No..
6. method according to claim 5, characteristics are that the superimposed couplet sheet that is different from traditional three-dimensional data of described three-dimensional belongs to the data extending on the plane, are the overlapping coverings of data that belongs on the space.
7. method according to claim 1, characteristics are that the described distribution of step 4) is optimized is unwanted big gun, cautious removing, and makes along line direction and big gun, inspection on the vertical line direction unanimity that distributes, and makes participation inverting data have regularity.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104142513A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for improving chromatography inversion accuracy in seismic exploration |
| CN105093320A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tomographic static correction first-break picking method for high-speed crystallization salt crust covering area |
| CN105911592A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Practical drilling constraint three-dimensional seismic data long wavelength static correction method |
| CN107783185A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method and processing device of tomographic statics |
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| CN101393270A (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-25 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Continuum area surface layer high precision static correction method |
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| CN101393270A (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-25 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Continuum area surface layer high precision static correction method |
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| 冯泽元等: "利用层析反演技术解决山地复杂区静校正问题", 《石油物探》, vol. 44, no. 3, 31 May 2005 (2005-05-31), pages 284 - 287 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104142513A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for improving chromatography inversion accuracy in seismic exploration |
| CN104142513B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for improving chromatography inversion accuracy in seismic exploration |
| CN105093320A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tomographic static correction first-break picking method for high-speed crystallization salt crust covering area |
| CN105093320B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2018-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | For high-speed crystallization salt crust area of coverage tomographic statics first break pickup method |
| CN105911592A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Practical drilling constraint three-dimensional seismic data long wavelength static correction method |
| CN107783185A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method and processing device of tomographic statics |
| CN107783185B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-05-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method and processing device of tomographic statics |
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