CN107891954A - A kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing - Google Patents

A kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107891954A
CN107891954A CN201711351748.6A CN201711351748A CN107891954A CN 107891954 A CN107891954 A CN 107891954A CN 201711351748 A CN201711351748 A CN 201711351748A CN 107891954 A CN107891954 A CN 107891954A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
valve
ballast
ship
seawater
pump
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201711351748.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡以怀
李凯
曾存
方云虎
曹先锋
张陈
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVIC DINGHENG SHIPBUILDING Co Ltd
Shanghai Maritime University
Original Assignee
AVIC DINGHENG SHIPBUILDING Co Ltd
Shanghai Maritime University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by AVIC DINGHENG SHIPBUILDING Co Ltd, Shanghai Maritime University filed Critical AVIC DINGHENG SHIPBUILDING Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711351748.6A priority Critical patent/CN107891954A/en
Publication of CN107891954A publication Critical patent/CN107891954A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
    • B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing, comprising seawater pipe and ballast line system, the seawater pipe and the ballast line system communication；Wherein, the seawater pipe includes the sea water pump and some groups of seawaterline valves that several are connected with ballast tank；The ballast line system includes several ballast pumps and some groups of ballast line valves for being connected with ballast tank.The present invention does not need segregated ballast processing system, greatlys save the energy consumption of ship, reduces the investment of ballast water treatment equipment, also mitigates maintenance work of the crewman to equipment；Solve the problems such as current ballast for cruising water process biocidal effect is poor, equipment energy consumption is high, equipment installation is limited by ship space and equipment operation by ship capacitance, reduce the biological pollution of ballast water for ship.

Description

A kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of ship engineering, more particularly to a kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing.
Background technology
The ship to ride the sea needs to load a certain amount of ballast to ensure that it has good stability and buoyancy.Root According to the requirement of operation, ship often needs to carry out the press-in and discharge of ballast water in harbour water area or offshore waters.Due to ship pressure Carry and contain unicellular lower eukaryote and some fish such as phytoplankton, zooplankter, bacterium, pathogen in water, often containing life in deposit The things such as thing fragment, particulate organic matter, biological sporangiocyst, insoluble silicate.When ship is pressed into and discharges ballast water, pressure The biology carried in water can flow into new suitable existence waters, start amount reproduction, rob or injure local biology, destroy locality Marine ecology balances.
Global annual about 30~5,000,000,000 m3Discharge of ballast water has more than 7 000 daily to coastal waters or inland lake river Kind of biology is propagated with ballast water, ballast water be identified as propagating in world wide external marine organisms principal element it One.In the 1970s, ballast water has caused the hig diligence of international organization the problem of influenceing environment.By international organization With actively promoting for each main coastal shipping big country of the world, the problem of ballast water for ship influences environment and may caused by ecological calamity Hardly possible gradually obtains the attention of international community, has successively passed through some resolutions and international convention, and some countries have also formulated ballast water The regulation of management.Ballast Management regulation is made that limitation to the discharge of ballast water of foreign-going ship, it is desirable to foreign-going ship reinforcement pair The management of ballast water, countries in the world increase the research to ballast water treatment system.
2004, International Maritime Organization (IMO) passed through《Management of Ships ' Ballast Water and sediment monitoring and management contract》, Be intended to prevent ballast water for ship discharge caused by foreign term, environment caused by pathogen is propagated, human health, property and Infringement in terms of resource." pact " provides that new shipbuilding oceangoing ship must install ballast water treatment equipment from 2009, and to existing ship Oceangoing ship implements retrospect, and ballast water treatment equipment must be installed to all foreign-going ships in 2017.Otherwise, cannot be sailed after pact comes into force Enter IMO member states harbour, sanction and punishment will be faced by violating pact.
With closing on for " compressive effect " effective date, countries in the world all are stepping up to research and develop ballast for cruising water process skill Art.At present, the method for the method of Treatment of Ships'Ballast Water problem kind of physics, chemistry and biology up to more than ten, such as：Filtering, eddy flow Centrifugation, ultraviolet irradiation, electrolysis, electronic impulse, plasma pulse, deoxidation, heating, ultrasonic wave, air pocket, laser, and Chlorination, ozone, peracetic acid, vitamin K, acrylic acid, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, glutaraldehyde, chlorine dioxide treatment etc., but these sides The problems such as method all has safety to some extent, burn into closes rule, economy, also limited to by different biologies and marine site, at present Still preferable biocidal effect can be reached without one or more combined methods.General ship installs a set of ballast water treatment additional Equipment can be limited by ship space and ship capacitance, it is necessary to 50~3,000,000 dollars, it is also contemplated that the equipment later stage Maintaining, including with existing ballast system the problems such as sharing, sample, control and monitor.
Ballast water is changed at deep-sea or high sea beyond 200 nautical miles of depth of water 200m above offshore, ballast water is carried out timely Replacing, be a kind of effective method.But for existing Ship's Ballast System, this method needs to empty pressure Cabin is carried, the problem of easily causing vessel stability, drinking water and trim, Hull Strength and safety of ship etc., is particularly existed It is dangerous bigger under atrocious weather situation.Or ballast water is changed with " press over system ", that is, into the ballast tank for having expired cabin The seawater of lasting press-in cleaning, water ballast originally overflow from overflow pipe.But this method can also make ballast deck board bear to compare Higher hydraulic pressure during normal ballast, cause deck board fatigue of materials brittle and to additional stress caused by heating of seawater processing, The stability of navigating ship is influenceed, the ballast line and cabin structure that can make the non-full cabin in part bear additional pressure.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing, by spot ship sea The structure of modification of water system and ballast system, increases the exits and entrances valve of ballast tank, and by ship sea water service system and ballast water System merges, and ballast water is regularly replaced using sea water pump.The flow of ship cooling seawater had so both been ensure that, also ensure that pressure Carry the replacing of water, it is not necessary to increase extra ballast water treatment equipment and energy consumption, solve current ballast for cruising water process biology The problems such as insect killing effect is poor, equipment energy consumption is high, equipment installation is limited by ship space and ship capacitance, so as to reduce ship pressure Carry the biological pollution of water.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing, it includes seawater pipe Road system and ballast line system, the seawater pipe and the ballast line system communication；Wherein, the seawater Pipe-line system includes several sea water pumps and some groups of seawaterline valves for being connected with ballast tank；The ballast line system The ballast pump and some groups of ballast line valves being connected comprising several with ballast tank, ballast tank also enter from originally single (going out) mouth valve is changed to two valves that can be passed in and out simultaneously, and the liquid level of each ballast tank can be by opening two exits and entrances valves Close to control, to ensure in the vessel stability needed for ballast water replacement process.
Preferably, some groups of seawaterline valves include：
For the first valve group of the seawater for sucking low level Sea Chest, itself and the ballast pump UNICOM；
Open and close the second valve group of sea water pump, itself and the sea water pump UNICOM；
High-order Sea Chest is used for the 3rd valve group for discharging seawater, and it passes through several parts to be cooled and second valve Door group connection.
Preferably, some groups of ballast line valves include：
Seawater inhalation ballast tank is used for the 4th valve group of ballast exchange, its described inlet and outlet with ballast tank respectively Valve connects with the ballast pump；
Start or terminate the 5th valve group of ballast exchange, its exits and entrances valve, ballast with ballast tank respectively The imported valve of pump connects with the imported valve of sea water pump.
Preferably, several ballast pumps include the first ballast pump and the second ballast pump；
First valve group includes：The first valve, the second valve and/or the low level Sea Chest opposite side of low level Sea Chest side The 3rd valve, the 4th valve；
4th valve group includes the 7th valve, the 8th valve, the 9th valve and the tenth valve；
7th valve and the 8th valve are respectively as the imported valve and outlet valve of the first ballast pump, the 9th valve and Imported valve and outlet valve of ten valves respectively as the second ballast pump；
First valve is connected by the second valve with the 7th valve and/or the 9th valve, and the 3rd valve passes through the 4th valve It is connected with the 9th valve and/or the 7th valve.
Preferably, several sea water pumps include the first sea water pump and the second sea water pump；
Second valve group includes the 12nd valve, the 13rd valve, the 14th valve and the 15th valve；
5th valve group includes the 5th valve and the 6th valve；
12nd valve and the 13rd valve are respectively as the imported valve and outlet valve of the first sea water pump, the 14th valve The imported valve and outlet valve of door and the 15th valve respectively as the second sea water pump；
12nd valve is directly connected with the 5th valve and/or the 6th valve, the 14th valve directly with the 5th valve and/ Or the 6th valve connection.
Preferably, the 3rd valve group includes：The 16th valve and/or high-order Sea Chest of high-order Sea Chest side are another 17th valve of side.
Preferably, the number of the exits and entrances valve of the ballast tank is two.
Preferably, several described parts to be cooled include be sequentially connected central cooler, main frame, piston cooler, Oil cooler and air compressor.
Present invention also offers a kind of ballast exchange based on the Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as described above Method, this method are：Opened with the 4th valve group in the ballast line system of seawater pipe UNICOM, close the ballast 5th valve group of water piping system, opens any one ballast pump that the ballast line system includes, and seawater passes through this Ballast pump enters ballast tank, and the sea water pump of seawater pipe is then sent through each portion to be cooled after ballast tank extraction ballast water Part；The ballast tank is provided with several exits and entrances valves by disengaging simultaneously, controls the liquid level of ballast tank.
Preferably, when ship is normal/cruise state, the 4th valve group is closed, and the 5th valve group is opened, The seawater pipe that sea water pump directly passes through unlatching when the second valve group of seawater pipe is opened from low level Sea Chest The first valve group suction seawater the part to be cooled is cooled down, seawater passes through seawater pipe in high-order Sea Chest The 3rd valve group be expelled directly out.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention need not be installed at special ballast water for ship Reason system, the energy consumption of ship is greatlyd save, reduce the investment of equipment, also mitigate maintenance work of the crewman to equipment；Solution Current ballast for cruising water process biocidal effect of having determined is poor, equipment energy consumption is high, equipment installation is by ship space and ship capacitance Limitation the problems such as, reduce the biological pollution of ballast water for ship.
Brief description of the drawings
The ballast for cruising water piping system figure of Fig. 1 present invention.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing, in order that the present invention is more obvious easily Understand, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
As shown in figure 1, the Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing of the present invention is by ship seawater pipe and ballast water Pipe-line system UNICOM, original ballast water in blue water periodically replaces ballast tank with the seawater of outboard, keeps ballast water Dynamic flows, and the biotic component in ballast water is changed with navigation area, avoids the invasion of different ocean adventives And pollution problem.As long as ballast water is timely changed, it is possible to ensure content of microorganisms therein it is less and constantly more Newly to adapt to different sea areas, to meet the requirement of various countries and regional harbour.
Ballast system after being improved as shown in Figure 1 for the present invention.
7th valve 7, the 8th valve 8, the 9th valve 9 and the tenth valve 10 are close to the low level Sea Chest of ship side, and they are also The first valve 1, the second valve 2, the 3rd valve 3 and the 4th valve 4 with the low level Sea Chest positioned at ship side both sides are connected.
Ballast for cruising water piping system includes two ballast pumps (being respectively the first ballast pump and the second ballast pump), Yi Jichuan Oceangoing ship seawater pipe includes two sea water pumps (being respectively the first sea water pump and the second sea water pump).Each ballast pump and each sea Ballast tank is connected between water pump, ballast tank is stored in seawater by ballast pump, and sea water pump can extract ballast water out from each ballast tank.
The ballast tank of the present invention is also changed to two valves that can be passed in and out simultaneously from the original single mouth valve that enters and (go out), each pressure Carrying the liquid level in cabin can be controlled by the switch to two exits and entrances valves, to ensure needed for ballast water replacement process Vessel stability.
Wherein, the inlet and outlet valve of the 7th valve 7 and the 8th valve 8 respectively as the first ballast pump.Equally, the 9th Inlet and outlet valve of the valve 10 of valve 9 and the tenth respectively as the second ballast pump.12nd valve and the 13rd valve 13 Respectively as the inlet and outlet valve of the first sea water pump；Equally, the 14th valve 14 and the 15th valve 15 are respectively as The inlet and outlet valve of two sea water pumps.
When ship normal/cruise, the 7th valve 7, the 8th valve 8, the 9th valve 9 and the tenth valve 10 are turned off, and the 5th Valve 5, the 6th valve 6 are opened, and now the 12nd valve, the 13rd valve 13, the 14th valve 14 and the 15th valve 15 are opened Open, then sea water pump directly from the low level Sea Chest of ship side side by the first valve 1 of unlatching and the second valve 2 and/or directly Suck seawater from the low level Sea Chest of ship side opposite side by the 3rd valve 3 and the 4th valve 4, come respectively to being sequentially connected in Centre cooler 101, main frame 102, piston cooler 103, oil cooler 104 and air compressor 105 etc. are cooled down, then The seawater high-order Sea Chest from the high-order Sea Chest of ship side side by the 16th valve 16 and/or seawater from ship side opposite side again Discharged by the 17th valve 17.
When needing to carry out ballast exchange, the 7th valve 7, the 8th valve 8, the 9th valve 9 and the tenth valve are first opened 10, the 5th valve 5, the 6th valve 6 are turned off, starts wherein any one ballast pump；Make seawater first pass through ballast pump to enter respectively Ballast tank.Because the height of the import and export valve of ballast tank is different, can be achieved constantly to be replaced in ballast tank with ship external dynamic sea Original ballast water.Ballast water is extracted out by sea water pump from each ballast tank and be sent to each cooling position (cooling position includes institute above again Central cooler, main frame, piston cooler, oil cooler and the air compressor stated), so as to be done step-by-step to original ballast The displacement of water.
Illustratively, the flow of the ballast pump of the present embodiment is consistent with the flow of sea water pump, thereby may be ensured that seawater pipe The continuity of flow in road.Outflow is roughly equal due to entering, and by controlling two exits and entrances valves of each ballast tank Switch, water level can be with substantially constant in ballast tank.
General seawater replacement amount is three times of original ballast water.
After ballast water replacement process terminates, the 5th valve 5 and the 6th valve 6 are first opened, ballast pump is closed, simultaneously closes off The exits and entrances valve of each ballast tank, the 7th valve 7, the 8th valve 8, the 9th valve 9 and the tenth valve 10 are turned off, makes sea water pump Directly seawater is directly sucked in from the low level Sea Chest of ship side.
The method of the ballast exchange of the present invention is similar to " dilution method " of traditional ballast water, but is different from " exhaust method " " press over system ".It is the import and export valve using two different heights of ballast tank, is constantly replaced with external dynamic sea in ballast tank Original ballast water.Roughly equal due to entering outflow, water level then can both be avoided " exhaust method " with substantially constant in ballast tank The danger of caused vessel stability, drinking water and trim, Hull Strength and personal security etc., also will not as " press over system " that Sample produce into splash, hull because caused by bearing higher hydraulic pressure fatigue it is fragile the problems such as.Can also by control ballast tank into and out of The opening and closing of mouth valve, the liquid level of each ballast tank can be adjusted at any time, the vessel stability for reaching required inclines with most preferably longitudinal and transverse.
In summary, the present invention is by increasing the exits and entrances valve of ballast tank, and by ship sea water service system and ballast water system Integration simultaneously, using sea water pump regularly replaces ballast water.So, the flow of ship cooling seawater had both been ensure that, also ensure that pressure Carry the replacing of water, it is not necessary to increase extra ballast water treatment equipment and energy consumption, the biological pollution for solving ballast water for ship is asked Topic, low equipment investment, operating cost are low.
Although present disclosure is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention's A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing, it is characterised in that comprising seawater pipe and ballast line system, The seawater pipe and the ballast line system communication；
    Wherein, the seawater pipe includes the sea water pump and some groups of seawaterline valves that several are connected with ballast tank, The ballast line system includes several ballast pumps and some groups of ballast line valves for being connected with ballast tank；The pressure Cabin is carried to be provided with by disengaging simultaneously to control several exits and entrances valves of ballast tank liquid level.
  2. A kind of 2. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
    Some groups of seawaterline valves include：
    For the first valve group of the seawater for sucking low level Sea Chest, itself and the ballast pump UNICOM；
    Open and close the second valve group of sea water pump, itself and the sea water pump UNICOM；
    High-order Sea Chest is used for the 3rd valve group for discharging seawater, and it passes through several parts to be cooled and second valve group Connection.
  3. A kind of 3. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
    Some groups of ballast line valves include：
    Seawater inhalation ballast tank is used for the 4th valve group of ballast exchange, its described exits and entrances valve with ballast tank respectively Connected with the ballast pump；
    Start or terminate the 5th valve group of ballast exchange, its exits and entrances valve with ballast tank, ballast pump respectively Imported valve connects with the imported valve of sea water pump.
  4. A kind of 4. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that
    Several ballast pumps include the first ballast pump and the second ballast pump；
    First valve group includes：The first valve (1) of low level Sea Chest side, the second valve (2) and/or low level Sea Chest are another The 3rd valve (3), the 4th valve (4) of side；
    4th valve group includes the 7th valve (7), the 8th valve (8), the 9th valve (9) and the tenth valve (10)；
    7th valve (7) and the 8th valve (8) are respectively as the imported valve and outlet valve of the first ballast pump, the 9th valve (9) and the tenth valve (10) respectively as the second ballast pump imported valve and outlet valve；
    First valve (1) is connected by the second valve (2) with the 7th valve (7) and/or the 9th valve (9), and the 3rd valve (3) is logical The 4th valve (4) is crossed to be connected with the 9th valve (9) and/or the 7th valve (7).
  5. A kind of 5. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that
    Several sea water pumps include the first sea water pump and the second sea water pump；
    Second valve group includes the 12nd valve (12), the 13rd valve (13), the 14th valve (14) and the 15th valve (15)；
    5th valve group includes the 5th valve (5) and the 6th valve (6)；
    12nd valve (12) and the 13rd valve (13) respectively as the first sea water pump imported valve and outlet valve, the tenth The imported valve and outlet valve of four valves (14) and the 15th valve (15) respectively as the second sea water pump；
    12nd valve (12) is directly connected with the 5th valve (5) and/or the 6th valve (6), the 14th valve (14) directly with 5th valve (5) and/or the connection of the 6th valve (6).
  6. A kind of 6. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as described in claim 2~5 any one, it is characterised in that
    3rd valve group includes：16th valve (16) of high-order Sea Chest side and/or high-order Sea Chest opposite side 17th valve (17).
  7. A kind of 7. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
    The number of the exits and entrances valve of the ballast tank is two.
  8. A kind of 8. Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
    Several described parts to be cooled include central cooler (101), main frame (102), the piston cooler being sequentially connected (103), oil cooler (104) and air compressor (105).
  9. A kind of 9. ballast exchange of the Ship's Ballast System for exempting from processing based on as described in claim 1~8 any one Method, it is characterised in that
    When ship is ballast exchange state, with the 4th valve group in the ballast line system of seawater pipe UNICOM Open, close the 5th valve group of the ballast line system, open any one pressure that the ballast line system includes Pump is carried, seawater enters ballast tank by the ballast pump, and the sea water pump of seawater pipe is sent again after ballast tank extraction ballast water To each part to be cooled；The ballast tank is provided with several exits and entrances valves by disengaging simultaneously, controls the liquid of ballast tank Position.
  10. A kind of 10. ballast exchange method of Ship's Ballast System as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that
    When ship is normal/cruise state, the 4th valve group is closed, and the 5th valve group is opened, and sea water pump is in seawater First valve group of the seawater pipe that the second valve group of pipe-line system directly passes through unlatching when opening from low level Sea Chest Suction seawater cools down to the part to be cooled, the 3rd valve group that seawater passes through seawater pipe in high-order Sea Chest It is expelled directly out.
CN201711351748.6A 2017-12-15 2017-12-15 A kind of Ship's Ballast System and its method for exempting from processing Withdrawn CN107891954A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110053755A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-26 上海海事大学 A kind of experimental rig for exempting from Treatment of Ships'Ballast Water system
CN110053754A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-26 上海海事大学 One kind exempting from Treatment of Ships'Ballast Water system liquid level Automatic adjustment method
CN114475951A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-13 蓝洁丰仑海洋科技(上海)有限公司 Towing buoyancy tank ballast water system and control method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN207466933U (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-06-08 广州璟涛机电设备有限公司 A kind of novel ballast water treatment plant

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN207466933U (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-06-08 广州璟涛机电设备有限公司 A kind of novel ballast water treatment plant

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110053755A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-26 上海海事大学 A kind of experimental rig for exempting from Treatment of Ships'Ballast Water system
CN110053754A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-26 上海海事大学 One kind exempting from Treatment of Ships'Ballast Water system liquid level Automatic adjustment method
CN114475951A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-13 蓝洁丰仑海洋科技(上海)有限公司 Towing buoyancy tank ballast water system and control method thereof

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Application publication date: 20180410