CN107891201A - Cast revolving parts casting surplus and cast the electrochemical machining method of rising head - Google Patents
Cast revolving parts casting surplus and cast the electrochemical machining method of rising head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107891201A CN107891201A CN201710909554.7A CN201710909554A CN107891201A CN 107891201 A CN107891201 A CN 107891201A CN 201710909554 A CN201710909554 A CN 201710909554A CN 107891201 A CN107891201 A CN 107891201A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- general cathode
- casting
- workpiece
- anode workpiece
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
Abstract
The present invention is that a kind of revolving parts that cast efficiently remove casting surplus or cast the electrochemical machining method of rising head, belongs to technical field of electrolysis processing.Present invention is generally directed in commercial Application, the casting surplus that is left in forming process of casting revolving parts and the efficient removal for casting rising head, its feature are being used as the general cathode instrument in electrochemical machining process in the revolving parts for having electrolyte channel, surface by the use of an inside and having electrolyte outlet.It is different from conventional electrolysis processing, the mode that big surplus removes is realized by way of the small amount of feeding reprocessabilty of negative electrode, the present invention is after being once cut into the depth for the allowance that workpiece need to remove by cathode tool, ablation Surface Machining surplus is rotated by anode again, so as to realize the disposable highly-efficient processing of allowance to the part with larger allowance such as casting revolving body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical machining method for casting revolving parts casting surplus and casting rising head, belong to electricity
Solve processing technique field.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of the development of casting technique, particularly melted module precise casting technology so that more zero
Part is shaped using casting technique.But more than the casting left in casting process for guarantee castability and casting accuracy
Amount, the removal difficulty of casting dead head structure are very big, particularly the medium-and-large-sized casting revolving body parts of aircraft industry.
At present in commercial Application, the casting surplus of revolving parts or the removal of casting rising head are cast mainly with traditional
Based on the modes such as turning, milling.Cast alloy materials uneven microstructure and contain a large amount of hard particles, cutting ability is poor, leads
Cutter in process is caused to be lost serious, it is necessary to frequently change cutter, therefore process-cycle and processing cost increased dramatically.Together
When traditional processing mode need to use five-axle number control machine tool, equipment cost is also very high.
The method of grinding is also used to attempt the casting surplus for removing mo(u)lded piece, can obtain preferable surface quality,
The abrasion of grinding wheel tool but processing efficiency is slower, and in process be present, cause machining accuracy to be difficult to ensure that.And it is more difficult to
With receiving be cast alloy materials thermal conductivity it is very poor, this can cause grinding skin to produce large-area burns, influence to cast
The service life of part.
Electrolyzed Processing is quickly to remove workpiece material using electrochemical reaction.Compared with tradition machinery processing mode, electrolysis
Noncontact processing is processed as, in process without cutter loss, without residual stress, without flow harden, plastic-less deformation, table
The advantages such as surface roughness is low.Therefore Electrolyzed Processing is highly suitable for the casting surplus of mo(u)lded piece and efficiently going for casting rising head
Remove, especially the mo(u)lded piece of the cutting-resistant metal material such as titanium alloy, high temperature alloy.
Conventional Electrolyzed Processing revolving parts, are mainly returned simultaneously with shaped electrode along revolving parts radial feed
The mode of Rotary Workpiece rotation at a high speed is carried out, slow lasting feeding of the cathode tool along anode workpiece radial direction small quantity and repeatedly
Processing, realize the big surplus removal to anode workpiece surfacing.It is it to attempt different cathode construction forms and machined parameters
Obtain the main method of faster processing efficiency and preferable surface quality.But the design of negative electrode and manufacturing process are extremely complex,
Generally requiring to take needs to consume longer time and larger cost.The optimization of machined parameters is also very in electrochemical machining process
It is difficult to take into account processing efficiency and crudy simultaneously.Therefore find that a kind of cost is low, and the process-cycle is short, efficiency high, applicability is good
The processing method for casting surplus and casting rising head is significantly.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at provide one kind disposably can efficiently remove casting revolving parts casting surplus and casting
The electrochemical machining method of rising head, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, by the use of revolving parts as general cathode instrument, revolving parts have electrolyte inside runner and
The circumferentially single-row electrolyte outlet in surface；d>2 Δ r, wherein d are the diameter of general cathode instrument, and Δ r goes for anode workpiece is unilateral
Except surplus；
Step 2, general cathode instrument is arranged on the first processing axle that linear movement and rotary motion can be provided；
Anode workpiece, which is arranged on, which can provide rotary motion second, processes on axle；
When step 3, initial manufacture, under the driving of the first processing axle, inner side footpath of the general cathode instrument along anode workpiece
To or outer radial feeding, and be disposably cut into the unilateral allowance depth that anode workpiece need to remove；During this, table
Face electrolyte outlet direction is consistent with general cathode tool feeding direction；
Step 4, when general cathode instrument penetraction depth reaches the unilateral allowance that anode workpiece need to remove, stop
Feeding, and the direction of its surface liquid outlet is adjusted rapidly, after adjustment, general cathode instrument remains stationary；
After adjustment the direction of general cathode tool surfaces liquid outlet and the angle theta of its initial direction of feed 0-90 degree it
Between；
Step 5, anode workpiece slowly rotate under the driving of the second processing axle, to realize general cathode instrument to anode
Workpiece casts surplus or casts the circumferential ablation of rising head, so as to realize to the disposable of the larger allowance in anode workpiece surface
Efficiently remove；Wherein anode workpiece rotary speed is applicable relationship below：
na=η ω i/2 π r
Wherein, η is anode material current efficiency, and ω anode material volume electrochemical equivalents, i is that electric current when processing is close
Degree, r are the distances for completing the anode workpiece profile after maximum resection apart from anode pivot.
The general cathode tool diameter of above-mentioned steps 1 should be as far as possible small, to facilitate actual use, while should meet d>2 Δ r, with
Facilitate in electrochemical machining process, the electrolysate processed in gap is smoothly discharged.When d is too small, general cathode instrument is processed
The area increase of region institute envelope, or even be completely embedded into inside anode workpiece, as shown in Figure 4.This can cause process not
It is stable, or even have short-circuit spark phenomenon.
The step 1 general cathode instrument has electrolyte inside runner and surface electrolyte outlet, its surface electrolyte
Export the single-row outlet in axial direction for seam type or pass.
The step 4 adjustment general cathode instrument liquid outlet direction and the angle theta of its initial direction of feed so that general
Cathode tool surface liquid outlet is located at machining area intermediate region, to ensure that machining area flow field is uniform, as shown in Figure 5.
A kind of electrochemical machining method for casting revolving parts casting surplus and casting rising head, it uses general cathode
Structure can also use the uniform more liquid outlet structures of array.Negative electrode work can be saved using with the extraordinary general cathode of the structure
The liquid outlet angle adjustment step for transition stage that tool is radially cut and anode workpiece rotates in a circumferential direction, so as to further improve this kind
The forming quality of method, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, by the use of revolving parts as general cathode instrument, revolving parts have electrolyte inside runner and
The uniform electrolyte outlet of surface circumferential array；d>2 Δ r, wherein d are the diameter of general cathode instrument, and Δ r is anode workpiece
Unilateral removal surplus；
Step 2, general cathode instrument is arranged on the first processing axle that linear movement and rotary motion can be provided；
Anode workpiece is arranged on the second processing axle that rotary motion can be provided；
When step 3, initial manufacture, first processing axle driving under, general cathode instrument along anode workpiece radially inside
Or outer radial feeding, and disposably it is cut into the unilateral allowance depth that anode workpiece need to remove；It is general during this
Cathode tool keeps rotating at a high speed；
Step 4, when general cathode instrument penetraction depth reaches the unilateral allowance that anode workpiece need to remove, stop
Feeding；
Step 5, general cathode instrument keep rotating at a high speed；Anode workpiece is slow under the driving of the second processing axle simultaneously
Rotation, the circumferential ablation of surplus or casting rising head is cast to realize general cathode instrument to anode workpiece, so as to realize to anode
The disposable of the larger allowance of workpiece surface efficiently removes；Wherein anode workpiece rotary speed is applicable relationship below：
na=η ω i/2 π r
Wherein, η is anode material current efficiency, and ω anode material volume electrochemical equivalents, i is that electric current when processing is close
Degree, r are the distances for completing the anode workpiece profile after maximum resection apart from anode pivot.
The outlet of above-mentioned tool cathode surface electrolyte should vertically multiple row it is uniform.Keep rotating at a high speed in process,
To ensure in electrochemical machining process, process in gap and occur without scarce liquid phenomenon.
The diameter of the general cathode instrument of above-mentioned steps 1 should be as far as possible small, to facilitate actual use, while should meet d>2 Δ r,
To facilitate in electrochemical machining process, the electrolysate processed in gap is smoothly discharged.When d is too small, general cathode instrument is added
The area increase of work area domain institute envelope, or even the inside of anode workpiece is completely embedded into, as shown in Figure 4.This can cause processed
Journey is unstable, or even has short-circuit spark phenomenon.
The step 1 general cathode instrument has electrolyte inside runner and surface electrolyte outlet, its surface electrolyte
The circumferential array exported as seam type or pass uniformly exports.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The inventive method is substantially distinguished from conventional electrolysis processing, the small amount of feeding reprocessabilty of cathode tool, realizes great Yu
Measure the mode removed.Which passes through cathode tool using a revolving parts as the general cathode instrument in Electrolyzed Processing
Circumferential ablation is rotated along after the disposable deep depth to required removal allowance of anode workpiece warp-wise, then by anode workpiece
The mode of Surface Machining allowance, realize the allowance one to the part with larger allowance such as casting revolving body
Secondary property highly-efficient processing.While the mode for being aided with interior hydrojet solves the product that engineers and technicians are feared and excludes not smooth, processing
Process is unstable, is easy to the problems such as short circuit is struck sparks so that method proposed by the present invention can be committed to concrete practice.
(1) a kind of electricity that disposably can efficiently remove casting revolving parts casting surplus and cast rising head is proposed
Solve processing method.This method disposably removes casting revolution by way of cathode tool is deep and anode workpiece slowly rotates
The casting surplus or casting rising head of body part.
(2) this method can be met different big using a revolving parts as the general cathode instrument in Electrolyzed Processing
The casting rising head Electrolyzed Processing of small casting surplus and different structure form, effectively save cathode design time and into
This.
(3) revolving body general cathode instrument has electrolyte inside runner and surface electrolyte outlet, realizes Electrolyzed Processing
During hydrojet processing, effectively control dispersion corrosion, improve machining accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrochemical machining method schematic diagram for casting revolving parts cast inside surplus and casting rising head；Wherein scheme
1a is original state；Wherein Fig. 1 b are general cathode instrument incision anode workpiece processes；Fig. 1 c are cathode tool adjustment surface electricity
Solve liquid outlet port process；Fig. 1 d are anode workpiece casting surplus circumference removal process；
Fig. 2 is to cast the electrochemical machining method schematic diagram of casting surplus and casting rising head outside revolving parts；Wherein scheme
2a is original state；Wherein Fig. 2 b are general cathode instrument incision anode workpiece processes；Fig. 2 c are anode workpiece casting surplus weeks
To removal process；
Fig. 3 is revolving body general cathode instrument；Wherein Fig. 3 a are single seam liquid outlet general cathode instruments；Wherein Fig. 3 b are
Porous uniform liquid outlet general cathode instrument；
Fig. 4 is the complete envelope of revolving body general cathode instrument to anode interior schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b represent revolving body general cathode tool surfaces liquid outlet direction and its initial feeding after adjustment respectively
The angle schematic diagram in direction；
Label title in figure：1st, anode workpiece (casting revolving parts), 2, revolving body general utility tool negative electrode, 3, internal
Cast surplus or casting rising head, 4, the liquid outlet position after adjustment, 5, outside casting surplus or casting rising head, 6, liquid outlet, 7,
Inner flow passage.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the implementation process of the 2 explanation present invention, the process is divided into following 5 steps：
Step 1, preparing an inside has the revolving body general cathode work that electrolyte channel, surface have electrolyte outlet
Tool, as shown in Figure 3.The revolving body cathode tool can be that cylinder, circular cone or more diameters are special-shaped according to processing object Demand Design
Revolving body.The electrolyte outlet on the revolving body cathode tool surface can be designed as narrow slit, porous or special-shaped according to processing request
Outlet.
Step 2, revolving body general cathode instrument is installed to the processing axle that can provide linear movement and rotary motion
On, the negative pole of the processing axis connection Electrolyzed Processing power supply.
Step 3, anode workpiece is installed on the processing axle that can provide rotary motion, the connection Electrolyzed Processing power supply
Positive pole.
Step 4, electrolyte is accessed into cathode tool, regulates related processing parameters, is switched on power.
Step 5, revolving body general cathode instrument cut workpiece anode under the control of processing axle.
Step 6, anode workpiece slow rotation under the control of processing axle, until process finishing.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. electrochemical machining method for casting revolving parts casting surplus and casting rising head, it is characterised in that：Step 1, by the use of revolving parts as general cathode instrument (2), revolving parts have electrolyte inside runner (7) and The circumferentially single-row electrolyte outlet (6) in surface；d>2 Δ r, wherein d are the diameter of general cathode instrument (2), and Δ r is anode workpiece (1) unilateral removal surplus；Step 2, general cathode instrument (2) is arranged on the first processing axle that linear movement and rotary motion can be provided；Will Anode workpiece (1), which is arranged on, can be provided on the processing axle of rotary motion second；When step 3, initial manufacture, under the driving of the first processing axle, inner side of the general cathode instrument (2) along anode workpiece (1) Radially or outer radial is fed, and is disposably cut into the unilateral allowance depth that anode workpiece (1) need to remove；This process In, surface electrolyte outlet (6) direction is consistent with general cathode tool feeding direction；Step 4, when general cathode instrument (2) penetraction depth reaches the unilateral allowance that anode workpiece (1) need to remove, stop Feeding, and the direction of its surface liquid outlet (6) is adjusted rapidly, after adjustment, general cathode instrument (2) remains stationary；After adjustment the direction of general cathode instrument (2) surface liquid outlet (6) and the angle theta of its initial direction of feed 0-90 degree it Between；Step 5, anode workpiece (1) slowly rotate under the driving of the second processing axle, to realize general cathode instrument (2) to anode Workpiece (1) casts surplus or casts the circumferential ablation of rising head (3), so as to realize to the larger allowance in anode workpiece (1) surface It is disposable efficiently remove；Wherein anode workpiece (1) rotary speed is applicable relationship below：na=η ω i/2 π rWherein, η is anode material current efficiency, and ω anode material volume electrochemical equivalents, i is current density when processing, and r is Complete distance of the anode workpiece profile after maximum resection apart from anode pivot.
- 2. a kind of electrochemical machining method for casting revolving parts casting surplus and casting rising head, it uses general cathode structure The uniform more liquid outlet structures of array can also be used.Cathode tool can be saved using with the extraordinary general cathode of the structure radially Incision and anode workpiece rotate in a circumferential direction the liquid outlet angle adjustment step of transition stage, so as to further improve this kind of method into Form quality amount, it is characterised in that：Step 1, by the use of revolving parts as general cathode instrument (2), revolving parts have electrolyte inside runner (7) and The uniform electrolyte outlet of surface circumferential array (6)；d>2 Δ r, wherein d are the diameter of general cathode instrument (2), and Δ r is anode The unilateral removal surplus of workpiece (1)；Step 2, general cathode instrument (2) is arranged on the first processing axle that linear movement and rotary motion can be provided；Will Anode workpiece (1) is arranged on the second processing axle that can provide rotary motion；When step 3, initial manufacture, under the driving of the first processing axle, general cathode instrument (2) is along footpath on the inside of anode workpiece (1) To or outer radial feeding, and be disposably cut into the unilateral allowance depth that anode workpiece (1) need to remove；During this, General cathode instrument (2) keeps rotating at a high speed；Step 4, when general cathode instrument (2) penetraction depth reaches the unilateral allowance that anode workpiece (1) need to remove, stop Feeding；Step 5, general cathode instrument (2) keep rotating at a high speed；Anode workpiece (1) is slow under the driving of the second processing axle simultaneously Rotation, to realize that general cathode instrument (2) casts surplus or the circumferential ablation of casting rising head (3) to anode workpiece (1), so as to real Now the disposable of the larger allowance in anode workpiece (1) surface is efficiently removed；Wherein anode workpiece (1) rotary speed be applicable with Lower relational expression：na=η ω i/2 π rWherein, η is anode material current efficiency, and ω anode material volume electrochemical equivalents, i is current density when processing, and r is Complete distance of the anode workpiece profile after maximum resection apart from anode pivot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710909554.7A CN107891201B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | It casts revolving parts casting surplus and casts the electrochemical machining method of riser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710909554.7A CN107891201B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | It casts revolving parts casting surplus and casts the electrochemical machining method of riser |
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| CN107891201A true CN107891201A (en) | 2018-04-10 |
| CN107891201B CN107891201B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112676658A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-rotating-speed rotary printing electrolysis system and method for concave-convex array structure on surface of revolving body |
| CN113305379A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electrolytic machining method and tool for outer ring surface of rotary structure |
| CN114131126A (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Flow field protection device for large-allowance electrolytic machining |
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| CN1785565A (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2006-06-14 | 高丹 | Metal shaping method based on local constrained electrochemistry |
| CN104178800A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-12-03 | 帕卡股份有限公司 | Casting object surface cleaning method |
| US20150202702A1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine cast structure method for finishing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112676658A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-rotating-speed rotary printing electrolysis system and method for concave-convex array structure on surface of revolving body |
| CN113305379A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electrolytic machining method and tool for outer ring surface of rotary structure |
| CN114131126A (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Flow field protection device for large-allowance electrolytic machining |
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