CN107887785A - A kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN107887785A CN107887785A CN201711262005.1A CN201711262005A CN107887785A CN 107887785 A CN107887785 A CN 107887785A CN 201711262005 A CN201711262005 A CN 201711262005A CN 107887785 A CN107887785 A CN 107887785A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06791—Fibre ring lasers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/137—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity for stabilising of frequency
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, the optical fiber laser being related in photoelectron technical field.The laser be polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG), mix Er gain fibres and laser linear resonance main chamber that high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) is in turn connected to form in introduce double straight wave guide resonance ring structures as the sub- chamber of annular, the double straight wave guide resonant rings of silicon substrate are connected to and mixed between Er gain fibres and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG), the effect cleaned using the pattern of the sub- chamber of annular, obtain single-frequency output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical fiber laser in photoelectron technical field, and in particular to a kind of optical fiber is answered with wave guide resonance ring
The single frequency optical fiber laser of conjunction.
Background technology
Single frequency optical fiber laser has low threshold pump power, high conversion efficiency, coupling efficiency height, line width, body because of it
Product it is small the advantages that, high-accuracy Fibre Optical Sensor, coherent light communication, high-speed dense wave division multipurpose communication system, laser radar and
The fields such as laser absorption spectrum have broad application prospects and huge application value.
In recent years, researcher propose it is a kind of realized by way of short cavity method optical fiber laser single-frequency export (Qilai
Zhao,Shanhui Xu,Kaijun Zhou,Changsheng Yang,Can Li,Zhouming Feng,Mingying
Peng, Huaqiu Deng, and Zhongmin Yang, Broad-bandwidth near-shot-noise-limited
Intensity noise suppression of a single-frequency fiber laser, Optics Letters,
41 (2016), 1333-1335) concrete principle is as follows:Semiconductor laser (LD) sends pump light and passes through wavelength division multiplexer (WDM)
Resonator is coupled into, resonator is respectively by narrow band fiber Bragg grating (NB-FBG), Er3+/Yb3+Codoped phosphate optical fiber and
Band optical fiber Bragg grating (WB-FBG) connects, wherein idle band optical fiber Bragg grating (WB-FBG) the end tail optical fiber of resonator
It is cut into 8 ° of angles to be used for eliminating backward end face light reflection, the laser exported after resonator passes through narrow band fiber Bragg grating (NB-
FBG) it is emitted, and is exported through wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and optoisolator (ISO).Need to use Er in this method3+/Yb3+It is co-doped with
Phosphate optical fiber so that fiber manufacturing cost is high, and is difficult to and conventional silica fibre device welding.
Chinese invention patent《A kind of single frequency optical fiber laser and preparation method thereof》(application number:201611076624.7) public
Another single frequency optical fiber laser and preparation method thereof is opened, the single frequency optical fiber laser includes pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer
(WDM), gain fibre and optoisolator (ISO).Pump light caused by pump light source is injected into wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) pump
Pu port, pump light enters gain fibre from the public port output of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), wherein being carved with gain fibre
Phase-shifted fiber grating and high anti-fiber grating, output coupler of the phase-shifted fiber grating as optical fiber laser, phase shift optical fiber light
Grid, gain fibre and high reflective fine optical grating constitution optical fiber laser resonant cavity, signal of the caused laser from wavelength division multiplexer (WDM)
Port, exported by optoisolator (ISO).The single frequency optical fiber laser utilizes the phase-shifted fiber grating inscribed on gain fibre,
Other laser longitudinal module resonance are suppressed by gain competition so as to realize single-frequency laser resonance.The program needs to carve on gain fibre
Phase-shifted fiber grating and high anti-fiber grating, usual gain fibre are poor to the light sensitive characteristic of scribe laser, it is therefore desirable to increasing
Beneficial optical fiber carries out cryogenic high pressure H2DIFFUSION TREATMENT strengthens its light sensitivity so that its enforcement difficulty is big, and cost is high;Also, due to right
The longitudinal mode spacing answered is small, and the phase shift length by adjusting phase-shifted fiber grating realizes the optimization of laser resonance efficiency, typically not
Easily realize.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the defects of enforcement difficulty existing for background technology is big, a kind of optical fiber of research and design and ripple
The compound single frequency optical fiber laser of resonant ring is led, the laser is in polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG), mixes Er gain light
It is humorous that double straight wave guides are introduced in the laser linear resonance main chamber that fine and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) is in turn connected to form
Ring (add-drop microring resonator) structure of shaking is used as the sub- chamber of annular, wherein, between upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide
The coefficient of coup and the lower coefficient of coup between straight wave guide and ring waveguide it is identical, the double straight wave guide resonant rings of silicon substrate are connected to and mix Er
Between gain fibre and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG), using the effect of the pattern cleaning of the sub- chamber of annular, single-frequency is obtained
Output.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, including semiconductor laser (LD), polarization-maintaining light
Fine Bragg grating (PMFBG), to mix Er gain fibres, wave guide resonance ring, high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG), wavelength-division multiple
With device (WDM) and optoisolator (ISO);
The semiconductor laser (LD) is connected as pumping source with the pumping end of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), wavelength-division multiplex
The common port of device (WDM) is connected with polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) one end, the signal end of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) with
Optoisolator (ISO) input connects, and polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) other end is with mixing Er gain fibres one end company
Connect, the lower straight wave guide right output port of wave guide resonance ring is connected with mixing Er gain fibres another port, the upper straight wave guide of wave guide resonance ring
Right output port is connected with high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) one end;
The semiconductor laser (LD) is in wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) pump ports input pumping light, by wavelength-division multiplex
The public port of device (WDM) is output to polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) one end, through polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating
(PMFBG) the other end, which is output to, mixes Er gain fibres, by under the oscillating laser input waveguide resonant ring after gain fibre
Straight wave guide right output port;The mutual conductance coefficient of coup based on lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide, the oscillating laser part of input pass through ring waveguide
Enter the left semi-ring of ring waveguide with the coupled zone of lower straight wave guide, it is remaining to be exported from lower straight wave guide left port, into left semi-ring
When light wave is by the coupled zone of ring waveguide and upper straight wave guide, the mutual conductance coefficient of coup based on upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide, part light
Enter right output port of the upper straight wave guide through upper straight wave guide by coupled zone to export, remaining light enters ring waveguide with by right semi-ring
The coupled zone of straight wave guide, in the coupled zone, meet that the light frequency that phase delay is 2 π integral multiples is transmitted along the left semi-ring of waveguide, it is remaining
The mutual conductance coefficient of coup of the light based on lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide, part light enters left semi-ring by coupled zone, under remaining warp
Straight wave guide left port exports;
The light wave of right output port output through upper straight wave guide, pass through high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) reflection setting ripple
After long light wave, into the coupled zone of upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide, the mutual conductance coefficient of coup based on upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide, portion
Light splitting enters the left semi-ring of ring waveguide, and remaining light exports from the left port of upper straight wave guide;Into the light of the left semi-ring of ring waveguide
When reaching the coupled zone of ring waveguide and lower straight wave guide, the mutual conductance coefficient of coup based on lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide, part light is under
Straight wave guide right output port exports, and by mixing Er gain fibres, remaining light enters the right semi-ring of ring waveguide;Into mixing Er gain fibres
Light wave inputs the common port of wavelength division multiplexer through polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG), then the signal through wavelength division multiplexer
End input optoisolator, the stable single-frequency laser of optoisolator output;Light wave into the right semi-ring of ring waveguide reaches upper straight wave guide
During with the coupled zone of ring waveguide, meet that light frequency that phase delay is 2 π integral multiples enters left semi-ring, remaining light be based on it is upper directly
Waveguide and the mutual conductance coefficient of coup of ring waveguide, part light enters left semi-ring by coupled zone, remaining through upper straight wave guide left port
Output.
Further, the wave guide resonance ring include upper straight wave guide, lower straight wave guide, positioned at upper straight wave guide and lower straight wave guide it
Between ring waveguide.Wherein, ring waveguide is as a sub- chamber of annular, and upper and lower two have necessarily between straight wave guide and ring waveguide
Power coupling ratio, meet that oscillation light in ring waveguide and the oscillation light of linear resonance main chamber have identical frequency and phase
When difference is 2 π integral multiples, coherent phase length could be formed, so that the sub- chamber of annular has the function that pattern cleaning.
Further, the mutual conductance coefficient of coup between the upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide is 50%, lower straight wave guide and ring ripple
The mutual conductance coefficient of coup between leading is 50%.
Further, the wave guide resonance ring uses LiNbO3, Si bases (SiO2, SOI), III-V race's semiconductor, polymer
Deng conventional optical waveguide material.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) has necessarily to the optical maser wavelength near 1.55 μm
Transmitance, for the output coupling of laser, it also ensure that the polarization characteristic of output laser.
Further, the anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of height (HRFBG) has high anti-to the optical maser wavelength near 1.55 μm
Penetrate characteristic,
Further, the polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) is anti-
Penetrate peak coincidence.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, the invention provides a kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, in polarization maintaining optical fibre Bradley
Lattice grating (PMFBG), mix Er gain fibres and laser linear that high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) is in turn connected to form
Double straight wave guide resonant ring (add-drop microring resonator) structures are introduced in resonance main chamber as the sub- chamber of annular, will
Wave guide resonance ring, which is connected to, to be mixed between Er gain fibres and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG), utilizes the mould of the sub- chamber of annular
Formula cleaning action, obtain single-frequency output.
2nd, optical fiber provided by the invention in ring waveguide around ring with the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, passing
Defeated light wave, for meeting light frequency of the phase delay for 2 π integral multiples, resonance can be formed in ring, because multiple-beam interference is imitated
Should, the left port for being transferred to upper and lower two straight wave guides is may be such that by the coefficient of coup between Rational choice straight wave guide and ring waveguide
Power be zero;Meanwhile for meeting light frequency of the phase delay for 2 π integral multiples, from the point of view of the outside of wave guide resonance ring, light
From the right-hand member output through lower straight wave guide during the input of the right-hand member of upper straight wave guide, and from during the right-hand member input of lower straight wave guide through upper straight wave guide
Right-hand member output, without optical power loss;And for being unsatisfactory for the light frequency that phase delay is 2 π integral multiples, based on upper straight wave guide
With the mutual conductance coefficient of coup of ring waveguide or the mutual conductance coefficient of coup of lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide, partly transmitted along ring, it is remaining
Light exports in the left port of upper straight wave guide or lower straight wave guide, forms laser loss, therefore, wave guide resonance ring has to oscillating laser
Filter effect, thus there is pattern cleaning.In single frequency optical fiber laser provided by the invention, meet ring waveguide resonance bar
The zlasing mode of part is formed in laser resonance intracavitary to be vibrated, and other patterns are higher and suppressed due to being lost, so as to obtain list
Frequency laser exports.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of optical fiber provided by the invention and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring
Figure;Wherein, 1- wave guide resonances ring, the high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs (HRFBG) of 2-, 3- mix Er gain fibres, 4- polarization maintaining optical fibre cloth
Glug grating (PMFBG), 5- wavelength division multiplexers (WDM), 6- semiconductor lasers (LD), 7- optoisolators (ISO);
Fig. 2 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of waveguide resonant ring in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the pattern of waveguide resonant ring in the embodiment of the present invention cleans schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it should be noted simultaneously that application claims
The scope of protection is not limited only to the scope of embodiment statement.
In the present embodiment mode:
Wave guide resonance ring 1:In SiO2Two straight wave guides and resonant ring up and down are made in waveguide, in unobvious increase loss
In the case of, the diameter of ring can be accomplished within 18mm, SiO2Waveguide mode field diameter can be designed as 6 μm or so, keep with it is highly doped
Mould field size in Er optical fiber is coincide, and the coefficient of coup between upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide is equal between lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide
The coefficient of coup.
High anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG) 2 and polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) 4:It is based respectively on HI1060
With PM980 optical fiber fabrications, ensure the mould field size matching in whole laserresonator.
Mix Er gain fibres 3:For the high Er-doped fiber of OFS EDF150LD types, the doping concentration that particle is sensitized due to Yb has been obtained
It must greatly improve, can meet the requirement of pump light efficient absorption by the gain fibre length of preresearch estimates centimetres.
Semiconductor laser (LD) 6:As pumping source, output pumping wavelength is 976nm.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention, and semiconductor laser (LD) 6 is in the pump ports of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 5
The pump light of 976nm wavelength is inputted, polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating is output to by the public port of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 5
(PMFBG) 4 one end, the other end through polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) 4, which is output to, mixes Er gain fibres 3, wherein
Form laser gain.
In optical fiber laser, from right to left by the oscillating laser of gain fibre, by 1 time straight wave guide of wave guide resonance ring
Right output port inputs, and light wave can refer to accompanying drawing 2 in the light path of wave guide resonance ring.It is defeated from the right output port of straight wave guide on wave guide resonance ring 1
The light wave gone out, through the too high reflective fine selective reflecting of Bragg grating (HRFBG) 2 positioned at wavelength near 1.55 μm, reflecting light
From the right output port input of straight wave guide on wave guide resonance ring 1.The light frequency of resonance is formed in resonant ring, under wave guide resonance ring 1
The right output port of straight wave guide realizes lossless output, and polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) is transferred to by mixing Er gain fibres 3
4, then the signal port by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 5, the single-frequency laser stable from the output of optoisolator (ISO) 7.
Wherein, the reflection peak of the polarization maintaining fiber bragg grating (PMFBG) and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG)
Overlap, be respectively positioned near 1.55 μm, and there is narrower reflection spectrum width.
Wherein, between waveguide and waveguide, and the coupling between waveguide and optical fiber, coincideing for mould field size need to be kept.This
Invention is because the distance that laser transmits in two kinds of optical fiber is small, and loss is smaller, and the connection of device can be accurately aligned using pattern
The mode of adhesive curing is put afterwards, realizes that low-loss connects.
Wherein, the pattern cleaning effect of wave guide resonance ring, can be theoretical according to multiple-beam interference, is calculated from upper straight ripple
The right output port input led, from during the right output port output of lower straight wave guide, output intensity is with inputting the ratio between light intensity:
The formula is also applied for the right output port input from lower straight wave guide, situation about being exported from the right output port of upper straight wave guide, in formula:
The mutual conductance coefficient of coup of lower straight wave guide to waveguide ring is δ, and the non-mutual conductance coefficient of coup is γ, the mutual conductance coupling of upper straight wave guide to waveguide ring
Syzygy number is α, and non-mutual conductance is coupled as β, and the optical length of right side semi-ring and left side semi-ring is respectively l1And l2, light wave wave vector is
k.When taking δ=γ=α=β=50%, it can be obtained according to theory deduction, when the optical path length of waveguide ring is equal to corresponding wavelength integral multiple
Light wave when, lossless output can be realized in resonant ring.From the pattern of the sub- chamber of interpretation annular of resonator filter response
Principle is cleaned, its filter response is as shown in Figure 3:(a) figure is the resonance spectrum of the sub- chamber of annular, and its chamber length, longitudinal mode spacing is big, this
It is wide to levy mode line;(b) figure is the resonance spectrum of linear resonance main chamber, and its chamber length length, longitudinal mode spacing is small, eigen mode line width
Small, dotted line is polarization maintaining optical fibre FBG reflectance spectrum in figure;(c) figure is two chamber integrated filter responses, only meets two chambers simultaneously
The laser frequency of condition of resonance could starting of oscillation.
A diameter of 18mm of the sub- chamber of annular is taken in Fig. 3, the length of linear resonance main chamber is 100mm, straight wave guide and ring waveguide
The coefficient of coup be 50%, i.e. δ=γ=α=β=50%.In the design, by adjusting the optical path length of two chambers, to obtain
Optimum filtering effect, ensure the output of laser single longitudinal mode.
The present invention is combined wave guide resonance ring with fiber resonance cavity, it is proposed that a kind of optical fiber and the compound list of wave guide resonance ring
Frequency optical fiber laser.Annular resonance chamber of the present invention by the use of wave guide resonance ring as laser, mixes in optical fiber resonance main chamber
Wave guide resonance ring is inserted between Er gain fibres and high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (HRFBG), and keeps the resonator to be on the whole
Linear cavity configuration, wave guide resonance ring have the function that pattern cleaning as the sub- chamber of annular resonance of laser, only met simultaneously
The laser frequency ability starting of oscillation of two chamber condition of resonances, can be achieved stable single-frequency laser output.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of optical fiber and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, including semiconductor laser, polarization maintaining optical fibre Bradley
Lattice grating, mix Er gain fibres, wave guide resonance ring, high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, wavelength division multiplexer and optoisolator;
The semiconductor laser is connected as pumping source with the pumping end of wavelength division multiplexer, the common port of wavelength division multiplexer and guarantor
Inclined Fiber Bragg Grating FBG one end connection, the signal end of wavelength division multiplexer are connected with optoisolator input, polarization maintaining optical fibre Bradley
The lattice grating other end is connected with mixing Er gain fibres one end, and the lower straight wave guide right output port of wave guide resonance ring is another with mixing Er gain fibres
Single port is connected, and the upper straight wave guide right output port of wave guide resonance ring is connected with high anti-Fiber Bragg Grating FBG one end.
2. optical fiber according to claim 1 and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, it is characterised in that described
Wave guide resonance ring include upper straight wave guide, lower straight wave guide, the ring waveguide between upper straight wave guide and lower straight wave guide, upper straight wave guide with
The coefficient of coup between ring waveguide is equal to the coefficient of coup between lower straight wave guide and ring waveguide.
3. optical fiber according to claim 2 and the compound single frequency optical fiber laser of wave guide resonance ring, it is characterised in that described
The mutual conductance coefficient of coup between upper straight wave guide and ring waveguide is 50%, and the lower mutual conductance coefficient of coup between straight wave guide and ring waveguide is
50%.
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Cited By (2)
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CN114236687A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉光谷信息光电子创新中心有限公司 | Optical resonant cavity and manufacturing method thereof |
CN116045954A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Hybrid resonant cavity for optical gyro and optical gyro |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114236687A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉光谷信息光电子创新中心有限公司 | Optical resonant cavity and manufacturing method thereof |
CN114236687B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-01-30 | 武汉光谷信息光电子创新中心有限公司 | Optical resonant cavity and manufacturing method thereof |
CN116045954A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Hybrid resonant cavity for optical gyro and optical gyro |
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