CN107884821B - A method of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance - Google Patents
A method of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/288—Event detection in seismic signals, e.g. microseismics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/307—Analysis for determining seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, instantaneous phase or frequency, reflection strength or polarity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/63—Seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, polarity, instant phase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/65—Source localisation, e.g. faults, hypocenters or reservoirs
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance to belong to microseism signal processing technology field applied to the far field list information source under Sparse array.The present invention focuses on the signal space of each Frequency point in signal bandwidth frequency band the far field list source microseism data received on reference frequency point using TCT algorithm according to the feature of microseism signal, and the data covariance matrix of single-frequency point is obtained after focusing transform；Thereafter in the case where estimating azimuth estimated value roughly by estimating calculating method, the estimated value of signal source direction of arrival and distance is obtained by MUSIC algorithm.The present invention can effectively improve the estimated accuracy of micro-seismic event direction of arrival, promote locating effect, to reduce multi-solution on micro-seismic event inversion interpretation, and monitoring positioning can also be normally carried out under defective micro-seismic monitoring array.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and away from
From method.
Background technique
Demand with the world to the energy constantly rises and energy shortage phenomenon to a certain extent, more and more states
Family will wish to be placed on shale gas, the exploitation of shale oil comes up.But shale gas, oil fracturing developing during, due to it
Depth of implements is often relatively deep, makes the real information of underground crack spread be difficult to be embodied, often so as to cause hydraulic fracturing
Effect is not as expected.And for conventional energy resource, although coal is in main energy sources as people are to the growing interest of environmental problem
Accounting be gradually reduced, but still can not change its leading position in China's energy at this stage.With society and economy
The gradual perfection of the growing and mining engineering and technology system of growth requirement, resource exploitation just constantly develop to deep,
53% equal buried depth of coal resources in China total amount is accounted in 1000m or less.The current east pit mining depth in China is just with every 10 years
The speed of 100-250m develops, it is contemplated that will go into the depth of 1000m to 1500m in 20 years many coal mines of future；A collection of metal
Mine has also entered deep mining in recent years, such as Hongtoushan Copper Mine is exploited entered 900-1100m depth at present.However due to me
95% or more coal production of state is well work industry, and coal resources occurrence condition is complicated in addition, and production specifications and equipment are overall
Relatively backward, peopleware is irregular and technology management level is lower, and safety of coal mines is still to restrict China coal industry development
Outstanding problem.Although closely national coal mine death toll and fatality rate per million tons are in downward trend year by year about ten years in China,
Death toll and fatality rate per million tons are still higher.
And shale gas, shale oil production process in underground formation fracture transformation development condition control it is very heavy
Want, therefore, for frscturing, more accurately, high-resolution micro-seismic technology be that there is an urgent need to development.Another party
Mine safety guarantee and the underground space is faced to utilize, due to the lasting raising of the physical parameters such as the pressure of deep under ground, temperature,
Deep rock usually shows the physical characteristic different from superficial part, therefore, develop microseismic technology can effectively prevent by
To personal safety caused by the events such as the rock burst caused by rock rupture, mine shake and the water bursting in mine that has certain hysteresis quality
Or the generation of the threat of property.In the passing microseism Position Research for fields such as subterranean strata pressure break, mining safety monitorings
Cheng Zhong, whether station laying is reasonable and is to determine the important prerequisite of locating effect quality to the precision of seismic wave orientation estimation.But
Microseism platform network arrangements in the past and at this stage often do not lay criterion specifically, cause the station position laid often defective,
Positioning requirements are unsatisfactory for so as to cause obtained microtremor observation data, cause irretrievable loss.And by microseism detection
Device is placed in during mine median year is monitored, inevitable that some signal sampling channels are due to chip aging
Etc. reasons and fail, and these array detection systems are buried already in mine, then repair to the signal sampling channel of failure
Or replacement is almost impossible；Never more the wave of system is calculated up to estimation in terms of the orientation estimation of microseism seismic wave simultaneously
Method.In the past in monitoring process, often through specific constraint condition (survey layout, inspection well and fractured well relativeness
Deng) go to solve the problems, such as 180 ° it is uncertain.But constraint condition is likely to be not present, and at this moment can not just carry out accurate micro-
Earthquakes location not can guarantee being normally carried out for exploitation naturally yet.
Microseism signal focus is shallow, propagation distance is small, although wavelength is shorter compared with seismic wave, the inhomogeneities pair of local medium
The influence that the influence of microseism signal compares seismic wave is big, but its propagation distance is far smaller than seismic wave, can approximatively regard as
It is to be propagated in the rock mass of identical layer phase structure.The frequency of microseism signal is generally 50~200 hertz, but actual frequency range
It to be studied according to the actual situation, such as microseism frequency reaches as high as 2000 hertz in hydraulic fracturing；And in coal mine earthquake
Monitoring aspect, the data according to measured by forefathers, microseism frequency is mostly in the range of 10-30 hertz, such as Beijing Mu Cheng
Ravine mine frequency range is 20~30 hertz, and Fuxin Five Dragons mine frequency range is 5~15 hertz.It is assumed that microearthquake wave velocity of wave is
3500m/s can then obtain wavelength that it is propagated in mine about within the scope of 116m~700m.Meanwhile microseism signal frequency
With Decay Rate: decaying of the low frequency acoustic emission signal in communication process is less than high frequency acoustic emission signal, and high-frequency signal is being propagated
Decay in the process larger, and to compare low frequency part short for propagation distance；And due to the presence of Rock Nonlinear creep, in country rock class
Under conditions of not certain, the frequency of microseism signal is also possible to related to amplitude, and greatly (small), frequency is low (height) for amplitude；Sound emission
Frequency domain is close to low frequency when activity is weak, and frequency domain is concentrated to central region when acoustic emission activity is strong.Compared to active focus earthquake be for
Layer attribute is obtained, signal-to-noise ratio is high.Passive source is then the generation it is only necessary to know that earthquake, orients it and position occurs,
But due to weak output signal, signal-to-noise ratio is low, so the location fix that research is more suitable for is with regard to particularly important.
Estimation of Spatial Spectrum technology (DOA) is the emerging signal for being mainly used in airspace to grow up in the past 30 years
Processing technique, main target are that research improves spacing wave (including independent, the partially related and relevant) angle in processing bandwidth
Estimated accuracy, angular resolution and the various algorithms for improving arithmetic speed of degree.Estimation of Spatial Spectrum technology has very high space
Angular resolution, therefore, this technology mainly apply with radar and radio communication field, such as: radar determines aircraft
Position, underwater sound array in the positioning and daily life of submarine target mobile phone signal positioning etc..For aerial array, Wo Menke
With by estimation signal angle of arrival, signal needed for making antenna alignment by the rotation of antenna, thus reach inhibition interfere,
Improve the purpose of resolving power.And in terms of microseism, we are generally acknowledged that sound emission and seismic signal is a kind of natural wideband
Band signal, therefore microseism signal can regard the array that detector array forms the reception of underground geologic bodies signal as and believe
Number, Estimation of Spatial Spectrum theory can be naturally also applied in the processing analysis of seismic signal.And as Estimation of Spatial Spectrum technology
In a kind of very efficient algorithm, the basic thought of MUSIC algorithm is then to carry out General Cell output data covariance matrix
Feature decomposition, so that signal subspace corresponding with signal component and the noise subspace mutually orthogonal with signal component are obtained,
Then the parameter of signal is estimated using the orthogonality of the two subspaces such as: incident direction, polarization information and signal strength and
Range information etc..
Therefore, a kind of method of the estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance that how to provide registration is art technology
The problem of personnel's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, can be effectively improved the present invention provides a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and the method for distance
The estimated accuracy of micro-seismic event direction of arrival promotes locating effect, to reduce more solutions on micro-seismic event inversion interpretation
Property, and monitoring positioning can also be normally carried out under defective micro-seismic monitoring array.
A method of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance, comprising the following steps:
S1 receives microseism data: analyzing frequency, and carry out far field differentiation；
S2 is focused transformation to microseism data using TCT (two-sided correlation matrices transformation)；
S3 estimates calculating method to the data use after focusing transform and obtains azimuth φpRough estimate valueAccording to obtaining
?One pre-estimation search range is setWherein, Δ φ is a constant；
S4 is based on Sparse array model, using classical MUSIC algorithm in the pre-estimation search range as obtained by S3It is interior to execute search, obtain H estimated value
S5, with azimuth rough estimate value obtained by S3For standard, useDetermine refined orientation
Angular estimation value φp, wherein azimuth estimated valueIt is obtained by classics MUSIC algorithm for S4；
S6, refined orientation angle φpIn the case where having determined, use during the scanning processAdjust the distance information r simultaneouslyp, p=1,2 ..., p is estimated；
Whether S7, information estimated by comprehensive descision meet detection requirement, export azimuth φpAnd range information rp。
The far field list source microseism data received are used by TCT algorithm handle according to the feature of microseism signal in the present invention
The signal space of each Frequency point focuses on reference frequency point in signal bandwidth frequency band, and single-frequency point is obtained after focusing transform
Data covariance matrix；Thereafter it in the case where estimating azimuth estimated value roughly by estimating calculating method, is calculated by MUSIC
Method obtains the estimated value of signal source direction of arrival and distance.
Preferably, it is described it is a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance method in, described in step S2 focus become
Change the following steps are included:
S21, the microseism data received using M microseism wave detector obtain the maximum of data covariance matrix R seemingly
Right estimated valueWherein X is signal subspace steering vector, and L represents snap number, to the reference frequency of selection
Rate point f0With each Frequency point f in broadbandi, i=1,2 ..., the data covariance matrix on I is denoised；
S22 carries out feature decomposition to the data covariance matrix after denoising obtained in the previous step, and in selection reference frequency
f0The focussing matrix of different frequency point is constructed afterwards；
S23 obtains the data covariance matrix R of selected reference frequency point by focusing transform1。
The signal space of each Frequency point in signal bandwidth frequency band is focused on reference frequency point using TCT algorithm by the present invention
On, the data covariance matrix of single-frequency point is obtained after focusing transform.
Preferably, it is described it is a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance method in, focus square described in step S22
Battle array utilizesIt is constructed；Wherein, Tβ(fi) it is each Frequency point f in broadbandi, i=1,2 ..., I with
Reference frequency point f0Relationship；WithIt is the matrix of the mutually orthogonal M × M of each column.
It is utilized in the present inventionConstruct focussing matrix.
Preferably, it is described it is a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance method in, azimuth described in step S3
φp"ball-park" estimate valueThe following steps are included:
S31, noise source powerLikelihood valueAre as follows:
Wherein λmFor microseism data covariance matrix R1M-th of minimal eigenvalue, by R1Eigenvalues Decomposition obtain
It arrives；
S32, thus signal source powerEstimated value
S33, to data covariance matrix R1It is handled as follows to eliminate noise:
In formula, a (φ)=[a1(φ),a2(φ),…,a2M-1(φ),a2M(φ)]T=[1, ejΦ,…,ej[k(M-1)]Φ,ej [k(M-1+1)]Φ]T, the π d cos of Φ=- 2 φ/λ；
S34, according to above formula, ejΦEstimated value q pass through following formula obtain
Wherein, r1(i, j) represents data covariance matrix after denoising(i, j) a element；
S35, final bearing estimated valueIt can be obtained by following formula
By estimating calculating method estimation orientation angular estimation value in the present invention
Preferably, it is described it is a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance method in, MUSIC described in step S5 calculate
Method the following steps are included:
S51, by the R obtained after S22 Eigenvalues Decomposition1Characteristic value carry out signal number judgement；
S52 determines microseism signal subspaceWith noise subspaceWherein, signal subspaceIt is maximum special
The corresponding characteristic vector of value indicative is at subspace；Noise subspaceIt is empty for the corresponding characteristic vector Zhang Chengzi of minimal eigenvalue
Between；
S53, according to estimating azimuth coverage calculated by calculating methodCarry out spectrum peak search；
S54 finds out the corresponding estimation angle of H maximum point in range
Signal direction of arrival is scanned using MUSIC algorithm in the present invention.
Preferably, it is described it is a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance method in, spectral peak described in step S53 is searched
Rope passes throughIt carries out.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of estimation microseisms
The far field list source microseism data received are used TCT according to the feature of microseism signal by the method for direction of arrival and distance
Algorithm focuses on the signal space of each Frequency point in signal bandwidth frequency band on reference frequency point, obtains after focusing transform single
The data covariance matrix of Frequency point；Thereafter in the case where estimating azimuth estimated value roughly by estimating calculating method, pass through
MUSIC algorithm obtains the estimated value of signal source direction of arrival and distance.The present invention can effectively improve micro-seismic event direction of arrival
Estimated accuracy, promoted locating effect, to reduce multi-solution on micro-seismic event inversion interpretation；To hydraulic fracturing, mine
It is micro-seismic event monitoring, positioning and subsequent focal mechanism that construction, underground space development or safety monitoring field are occurred, disconnected
Layer imaging and geological information comprehensive utilization are of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 attached drawing is focusing transform flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 attached drawing is the flow chart that the present invention obtains azimuth rough estimate value；
Fig. 4 attached drawing is the flow chart at present invention output azimuth and distance.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival and the methods of distance, comprising the following steps:
S1 receives microseism data: analyzing frequency, and carry out far field differentiation；
S2 is focused transformation to microseism data using TCT (two-sided correlation matrices transformation)；
S3 estimates calculating method to the data use after focusing transform and obtains azimuth φpRough estimate valueAccording to obtaining
?One pre-estimation search range is setWherein, Δ φ is a constant；
S4 is based on Sparse array model, using classical MUSIC algorithm in the pre-estimation search range as obtained by S3It is interior to execute search, obtain H estimated value
S5, with azimuth rough estimate value obtained by S3For standard, useDetermine refined orientation
Angular estimation value φp, wherein refined orientation angular estimation valueIt is obtained by S4 by classics MUSIC algorithm
's；
S6, refined orientation angle φpIn the case where having determined, use during the scanning processAdjust the distance information r simultaneouslyp, p=1,2 ..., p is estimated；
Whether S7, information estimated by comprehensive descision meet detection requirement, export azimuth φpAnd range information rp。
It should be understood that under conditions of signal source meets far field, as spacing is continuously increased between wave detector, i.e.,
Array aperture is continuously increased, and Parameter Estimation Precision can be constantly improved.Differentiation about far field is currently without very quasi-
True definition, and far field differentiation often relies on array aperture to calculate in aerial array field, and do not have in microseism array
" aperture " this concept, therefore using the π of λ/2 as remote, near field decision boundaries.
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, the different band logical filter of many a centre frequencies is set in some frequency range
Wave device is come scanning while realizing different frequency segment signal, and algorithm by being proposed is positioned, while extracting many places
The characteristic information of different micro-seismic events.
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, the Sparse array array structure used in this algorithm we it is found that wave detector
Spacing, which can according to need, carries out any setting, it means that when a large amount of element failures in a uniform uniform line-array the case where
Under, it, still can be with only using the data of the sparse normal signal acquisition channel in part in defective linear array and faulty array
Realize the high-accuracy high-resolution positioning of signal source.
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, focusing transform described in step S2 the following steps are included:
S21, the microseism data received using M microseism wave detector obtain the maximum of data covariance matrix R seemingly
Right estimated valueWherein X is signal subspace steering vector, and L represents snap number, to the reference frequency of selection
Point f0With each Frequency point f in broadbandi, i=1,2 ..., the data covariance matrix on I is denoised；
S22 carries out feature decomposition to the data covariance matrix after denoising obtained in the previous step, and in selection reference frequency
f0The focussing matrix of different frequency point is constructed afterwards；
S23 obtains the data covariance matrix R of selected reference frequency point by focusing transform1。
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, focussing matrix described in step S2 is utilizedIt carries out
Construction；Wherein, Tβ(fi) it is each Frequency point f in broadbandi, i=1,2 ..., I and reference frequency point f0Relationship；WithIt is the matrix of the mutually orthogonal M × M of each column.
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, azimuth φ described in step S3p"ball-park" estimate valueIncluding following step
It is rapid:
S31, noise source powerLikelihood valueAre as follows:
Wherein λmFor microseism data covariance matrix R1M-th of minimal eigenvalue, by R1Eigenvalues Decomposition obtain
It arrives；
S32, thus signal source powerEstimated value
S33, to data covariance matrix R1It is handled as follows to eliminate noise:
In formula, a (φ)=[a1(φ),a2(φ),…,a2M-1(φ),a2M(φ)]T=[1, ejΦ,…,ej[k(M-1)]Φ,ej [k(M-1+1)]Φ]T, the π d cos of Φ=- 2 φ/λ；
S34, according to above formula, ejΦEstimated value q pass through following formula obtain
Wherein, r1(i, j) represents data covariance matrix after denoising(i, j) a element；
S35, final bearing estimated valueIt can be obtained by following formula
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, MUSIC algorithm described in step S5 the following steps are included:
S51, by the R obtained after S22 Eigenvalues Decomposition1Characteristic value carry out signal number judgement；
S52 determines microseism signal subspaceWith noise subspaceWherein, signal subspaceIt is maximum special
The corresponding characteristic vector of value indicative is at subspace；Noise subspaceIt is empty for the corresponding characteristic vector Zhang Chengzi of minimal eigenvalue
Between；
S53, according to estimating azimuth coverage calculated by calculating methodCarry out spectrum peak search；
S54 finds out the corresponding estimation angle of H maximum point in range
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, spectrum peak search described in step S53 passes throughInto
Row.
The method of a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival disclosed by the invention and distance, compensates for existing routine to a certain degree
Mutual coupling precision is not high in microseism position fixing process, the strong problem of multi-solution；And algorithm can be fast in micro-seismic monitoring
Speed, position occurs for upgoing wave relative breakdown received by ground configuration wave detector during accurate preferable determining microseism
Angle of depression degree and range information.It combines, generates with microseism thinned array in addition, the present invention solves traditional MUSIC algorithm
The problem of phase ambiguity, had not only been provided with the high advantage of angular resolution, but also was provided with the high advantage of Parameter Estimation Precision, and can be with
Applied to the broadband signal under Low SNR.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of estimation microseism direction of arrival and distance, which comprises the following steps:
S1 receives microseism data: analyzing frequency, and carry out far field differentiation；
S2 is focused transformation to microseism data using TCT (two-sided correlation matrices transformation)；
S3 estimates calculating method to the data use after focusing transform and obtains azimuth φpRough estimate valueAccording to acquisitionOne pre-estimation search range is setWherein, Δ φ is a constant；Wherein, the azimuth
φp"ball-park" estimate valueThe following steps are included:
S31, noise source powerLikelihood valueAre as follows:
Wherein λmFor microseism data covariance matrix R1M-th of minimal eigenvalue, by R1Eigenvalues Decomposition obtain；
S32, thus signal source powerEstimated value
S33, to data covariance matrix R1It is handled as follows to eliminate noise:
In formula, a (φ)=[a1(φ),a2(φ),…,a2M-1(φ),a2M(φ)]T=[1, ejΦ,…,ej[k(M-1)]Φ,ej[k(M -1+1)]Φ]T, the π dcos of Φ=- 2 φ/λ；
S34, according to above formula, ejΦEstimated value q pass through following formula obtain
Wherein, r1(i, j) represents data covariance matrix after denoising(i, j) a element；
S35, final bearing estimated valueIt can be obtained by following formula
S4 is based on Sparse array model, using classical MUSIC algorithm in the pre-estimation search range as obtained by S3It is interior to execute search, obtain H estimated value
S5, with azimuth rough estimate value obtained by S3For standard, useDetermine that refined orientation angle is estimated
Evaluation φp, wherein refined orientation angular estimation valueI=1,2 ..., P is S4 obtained by classics MUSIC algorithm；
S6, refined orientation angle φpIn the case where having determined, used in scanning processAdjust the distance information r simultaneouslyp, p=1,2 ..., p is estimated；
Whether S7, information estimated by comprehensive descision meet detection requirement, export azimuth φpAnd range information rp。
2. the method for a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival according to claim 1 and distance, which is characterized in that step S2
Described in focusing transform the following steps are included:
S21, the maximum likelihood that the microseism data received using M microseism wave detector obtain data covariance matrix R are estimated
EvaluationWherein X is signal subspace steering vector, and L represents snap number, to the reference frequency point f of selection0
With each Frequency point f in broadbandi, i=1,2 ..., the data covariance matrix on I is denoised；
S22 carries out feature decomposition to the data covariance matrix after denoising obtained in the previous step, and in selection reference frequency f0Afterwards,
Construct the focussing matrix T of different frequency pointβ(fi)；
S23 obtains the data covariance matrix R of selected reference frequency point by focusing transform1。
3. the method for a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival according to claim 2 and distance, which is characterized in that step
Focussing matrix described in S22 utilizesIt is constructed；Wherein, Tβ(fi) it is each Frequency point f in broadbandi,
I=1,2 ..., I and reference frequency point f0Relationship；WithIt is the matrix of the mutually orthogonal M × M of each column.
4. the method for a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival according to claim 1 and distance, which is characterized in that step S5
Described in MUSIC algorithm the following steps are included:
S51, by the R obtained after S22 Eigenvalues Decomposition1Characteristic value carry out signal number judgement；
S52 determines microseism signal subspaceWith noise subspaceWherein, signal subspaceFor maximum eigenvalue pair
A characteristic vector answered is at subspace；Noise subspaceIt is the corresponding characteristic vector of minimal eigenvalue into subspace；
S53, according to estimating azimuth coverage calculated by calculating methodCarry out spectrum peak search；
S54 finds out the corresponding estimation angle of H maximum point in range
5. the method for a kind of estimation microseism direction of arrival according to claim 4 and distance, which is characterized in that step
Spectrum peak search described in S53 passes throughIt carries out.
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