CN107884128A - A kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum - Google Patents
A kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN107884128A CN107884128A CN201711003994.2A CN201711003994A CN107884128A CN 107884128 A CN107884128 A CN 107884128A CN 201711003994 A CN201711003994 A CN 201711003994A CN 107884128 A CN107884128 A CN 107884128A
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
- G01N21/67—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence using electric arcs or discharges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum.Air is heated by the electric arc simultaneously device heating, high temperature gas flow is formed after nozzle expansion accelerates, spectral measurement compressed tablet is focused to the flow field spectrum that electro-arc heater is formed, flow field spectrum after focusing is transmitted to spectral measurement module through optical fiber, utilize spectral measurement module, the spectral intensity of oxygen atom characteristic spectrum and the spectral intensity of background spectrum are measured respectively, then relative intensity is calculated, data processing terminal is by the relative intensity compared with relative intensity threshold value, according to comparative result, judge whether electro-arc heater water leakage fault occurs；When determining leak, the power supply to electro-arc heater is cut off.The quick diagnosis of low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater water leakage fault can be achieved in the present invention, ensures heater safe operation；Also reference can be provided for its long-play stability analysis to heater running state real-time monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heater failure diagnostic techniques, more particularly to a kind of electro-arc heater based on atomic emission spectrum
Water leakage fault diagnostic system.
Background technology
Electro-arc heater is the important tests platform of exploratory flight device Aerodynamic Heating protection question, the gentle family status of its working condition
It is upright to connect the reliability for determining experiment.Because electro-arc heater is to produce electric arc simultaneously by being carried in the high voltage at electrode both ends
Heat run gas, the hot environment moment that high voltage is brought cause certain ablation to electrode outer surface.To meet hundreds of seconds
The Time Aero heat test demand of even upper kilosecond, generally carries out forcing to cool down to overcome electricity using water under high pressure to electrode at present
Pole ablation problem, nonetheless, the ablation of electrode are still difficult to avoid that there is electrode to burn the serious scaling loss of leak heater
Risk.Electrode is caused to burn if electrode erosion amount is excessive, high-pressure cooling water can quickly enter electro-arc heater, cause in heater
Portion is short-circuit and then causes its ablation rapidly to expand, and can even cause heater to burn on the premise of no parking in time, this is not
Huge economic loss can be only caused, also has a strong impact on the progress of correlation test.In addition, heater seal failure itself or
The problems such as person's cooling water pipe blocks also easily causes heater part thermal ablation serious, and then causes electro-arc heater leak occur
Failure.Diagnosis and control to electro-arc heater water leakage fault, traditional Current Voltage fluctuation monitoring, wall pressure monitoring, stream
The means sensitivity such as field video recording are low, reaction is slow, seriously lag behind the development level of electro-arc heater, or even to a certain extent
Say, constrain the application and development of electro-arc heater.
Spectroscopy procedures as a kind of non-contacting measuring method, due to its using the change of atom (or molecule) energy level come
Flow field is diagnosed, therefore there is high sensitivity and high time response.In recent years, with atom (or molecule) spectral theory
Improve and high-resolution, the appearance of high-performance spectrum tester, spectroscopic methodology turn into high temperature flow field parameter diagnose it is most straight
It is connected to effect, most potential metering system.In view of the above-mentioned advantage of spectroscopic methodology, domestic and international scientific research personnel have carried out spectroscopic applications
In electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnosis exploration work, mainly including laser absorption spectroscopy, Emission Spectroscopy etc., and
Certain achievement is obtained, demonstrates the feasibility that spectroscopic applications diagnose in electro-arc heater water leakage fault.2005,
R.K.Hanson of Stanford universities etc. utilizes laser absorption spectroscopy, to the 60MW Gao Han in NASA AMES research centers
The concentration of copper particle is diagnosed in Macker type arc heater (IHF) high temperature flow field, and result of study is shown, laser absorption spectrum
Technology can realize the inline diagnosis of copper particle in electro-arc heater high temperature flow field, measurement sensitivity in 1ppm magnitudes, but for
The changing rule of copper particle content also needs further to explore in high temperature flow field before and after water leakage fault, at present only can be to electric arc heated
The maintenance of device provides reference, it is impossible to is directly used in the judgement of electro-arc heater water leakage fault.2016, China Aerospace air moved
The woods of power Institute for Research and Technology is prosperous et al. propose it is a kind of radiated based on H atom in high enthalpy electro-arc heater (enthalpy is higher than 12MJ/
Kg, stagnation temperature are higher than 5000K) water leakage fault diagnostic method, whether this method occur H atom 656.28nm's by catching in flow field
Characteristic spectral line determines whether water leakage fault occur, and based on thermodynamical equilibrium it is assumed that binding tests state (total enthalpy, air inflow
Deng), realize the quantitative measurment of leak initial time water leakage, but this method for enthalpy scope 2-12MJ/kg it is low in
Enthalpy electro-arc heater is helpless, and reason is：This method be based on leak initial time, minor amount of water entrance without influence on
The normal operation of electro-arc heater, the H atom that instant water decomposes generation has enough radiation intensity and realized, for enthalpy
Scope is in 2-12MJ/kg low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater, relatively low air-flow temperature in the incomplete decomposing and heater of water
Degree, causes H atom 656.28nm characteristic spectral line radiation intensity weaker, is substantially completely buried in heater internal face solid radiative
And among high-temperature gas radiation, so as to greatly reduce the sensitivity that this method is applied to low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater.Fig. 2 gives
Go out it is assumed that (air mass flow under leak experimental condition：100g/s, leak flow：1g/s), transported in low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater
In promoting the circulation of qi stream temperature range (about：2200-5000K), H atom 656.28nm characteristic spectral lines and O atom 777.19nm characteristic spectrums
The intensity ratio of line.Known by Fig. 2, compared to O atom 777.19nm characteristic spectral lines, H atom 656.28nm characteristic spectral line spectral intensities
It is extremely weak, particularly in low enthalpy working range, this method very likely due to H atom radiation intensity too it is low lead to not in time,
It is accurate to judge water leakage fault.
The content of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem：Solve existing based on Laser absorption spectroscopy copper particle measurement of concetration and transmitting light
The 656.28nm characteristic spectral lines measurement of spectrometry H atom come diagnose electro-arc heater, particularly in low enthalpy electro-arc heater water leakage fault
Deficiency, it is proposed that a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum, the system on the one hand can
The quick diagnosis of low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater water leakage fault is realized, ensures heater safe operation；On the other hand also can be to heating
Device running state real-time monitoring, reference is provided for its long-play stability analysis.
Technical scheme：
The invention provides a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum, including：Electricity
Arc heater, jet pipe, spectral measurement compressed tablet, optical fiber, spectral measurement module, data processing terminal；
Air enters the electro-arc heater by air supply system and is heated by the electric arc simultaneously the electric arc heated of device, through nozzle expansion plus
High temperature gas flow is formed in test section after speed, thermal protective performance examination is carried out to the test model for being placed on nozzle exit, flows through experiment
Air-flow after model is collected by vacuum system；
Using the spectral measurement compressed tablet between the electro-arc heater and the jet pipe, to electro-arc heater shape
Into flow field spectrum be focused processing；Flow field spectrum after focusing is transmitted to spectral measurement module through the optical fiber, described poly-
Defocused flow field spectrum includes the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum that wavelength is 777.19nm and the background spectrum that wavelength is 770nm；
Using spectral measurement module, the spectral intensity I of the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum is measured respectivelyOWith the bias light
The spectral intensity I of spectrumbackgrOund, then calculate relative intensity I, the relative intensity I=IO/Ibackground；
After data processing terminal collects the relative intensity I, by the relative intensity I and the relative intensity threshold value to prestore
ImaxIt is compared, according to the comparative result, judges whether the electro-arc heater water leakage fault occurs；
When determining the electro-arc heater and water leakage fault occur, the data processing terminal sends instructions to described
The control module of electro-arc heater, to cut off the power supply to electro-arc heater.
Further, the electro-arc heater is low middle enthalpy tube type arc heater of the enthalpy scope in 2-12MJ/kg.
Further, when the enthalpy scope of the electro-arc heater is in 8-12MJ/kg, the relative intensity threshold value Imax
=0.4.
Further, according to the comparative result, judge whether the electro-arc heater water leakage fault occurs, including：
When the relative intensity I is more than the relative intensity threshold value ImaxWhen, judge that leak occurs in the electro-arc heater
Failure.
Further, the jet pipe is axial symmetry Laval nozzle or rectangle Laval nozzle.
Further, the material of the spectral measurement compressed tablet is red copper.
Further, the optical fiber is VIS/NIR multimode step change type silica fibres.
Further, the spectral measurement module is made up of spectrometer and CCD.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of it is as follows：
(1) present invention proposes a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum, utilizes oxygen
Atomic features spectrum (λO=777.19nm) and its background spectrum (λbg.=770nm) relative intensity whether higher than predetermined threshold value come
Realize that the water leakage fault of low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater judges, sentence than measurement of the existing laser absorption spectroscopy to copper particle concentration
It is more directly perceived quick to determine heater water leakage fault, and overcomes based on the measurement of H atom characteristic spectral line to judge low middle enthalpy electric arc
The deficiency that heater sensitivity is relatively low, even fails.
(2) present invention uses the processing mode of ratio, can not only exclude electro-arc heater startup stage and state switching
The influence brought, it can also eliminate due to the interference for the light intensity change that heater electrode scaling loss product band is come.
(3) present invention demarcates to the alarm threshold value under the conditions of different enthalpy before the test, refines Threshold Alerts line, can
Low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater is realized in more enthalpies, multimode orbital simulation aerothermodynamics experiment, this method is in each enthalpy state
Under have suitable sensitivity, it is excessive to avoid the occurrence of multiple trystate difference, and threshold value sets improper, i.e., leak is sensitive spends
The problem of high or too low.
(4) the O atom 777.19nm characteristic spectral lines periphery that uses of the present invention without other atoms, mulecular luminescence interference,
And there is stronger radiation characteristic, therefore for spectrometer resolution requirement extremely low (spectrum widening≤1.5nm), in general
Technical grade spectrometer can meet demand.
(5) spectrometer that the present invention uses is micro fiber spectrometer, and more traditional turns for raster pattern spectrometer, volume
It is small, in light weight, price is low, be more suitable for the construction of emission spectroscopy measurements platform.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum in the embodiment of the present invention
Structure chart；
Fig. 2 be low middle enthalpy electro-arc heater give leak under the conditions of hydrogen-oxygen atom intensity than heat Balance Calculation result；
Fig. 3 is the change curve of oxygen atom spectrum relative intensity in certain leak experiment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is it is understood that described herein
Specific embodiment be used only for explaining the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that for the ease of
Describe, part related to the present invention rather than entire infrastructure are illustrate only in accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum in the embodiment of the present invention
Structure chart.The electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum provided with reference to figure 1, the present embodiment,
It can specifically include：Electro-arc heater 1, jet pipe 2, spectral measurement compressed tablet 3, optical fiber 4, spectral measurement module 5, data processing are whole
End 6；
Air is heated by the electric arc simultaneously the electric arc heated of device 1 by air supply system into the electro-arc heater 1, swollen through jet pipe 2
High temperature gas flow is formed in test section after swollen acceleration, thermal protective performance examination is carried out to the test model for being placed on the outlet of jet pipe 2, flowed through
Air-flow after test model is collected by vacuum system；
Using the spectral measurement compressed tablet 3 between the electro-arc heater 1 and the jet pipe 2, to electric arc heated
The flow field spectrum that device 1 is formed is focused processing；Flow field spectrum after focusing is transmitted to spectral measurement module 5 through the optical fiber 4,
Flow field spectrum after the focusing includes the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum that wavelength is 777.19nm and the bias light that wavelength is 770nm
Spectrum；
Using spectral measurement module 5, the spectral intensity I of the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum is measured respectivelyOWith the background
The spectral intensity I of spectrumbackground, then calculate relative intensity I, the relative intensity I=IO/Ibackground；
After data processing terminal 6 collects the relative intensity I, by the relative intensity I and the relative intensity threshold to prestore
Value ImaxIt is compared, according to the comparative result, judges whether the electro-arc heater 1 water leakage fault occurs；
When determining the electro-arc heater 1 and water leakage fault occur, the data processing terminal 6 sends instructions to institute
The control module of electro-arc heater 1 is stated, to cut off the power supply to electro-arc heater 1.
Specifically, the electro-arc heater 1 can be low middle enthalpy tubular arc heating of the enthalpy scope in 2-12MJ/kg
Device.The electro-arc heater 1 can also be currently used segmentation or high pressure lamination electro-arc heater.Optionally, when the electricity
The enthalpy scope of arc heater 1 is in 8-12MJ/kg, the relative intensity threshold value Imax=0.4.
Optionally, according to the comparative result, judge whether the electro-arc heater 1 water leakage fault occurs, including：
When the relative intensity I is more than the relative intensity threshold value ImaxWhen, judge that leakage occurs in the electro-arc heater 1
Water failure.
Specifically, the jet pipe 2 is axial symmetry Laval nozzle or rectangle Laval nozzle.The axial symmetry Lavalle spray
Pipe both can be supersonic nozzle or subsonic speed jet pipe.The rectangle Laval nozzle both can be supersonic nozzle,
It can also be subsonic speed jet pipe.
Specifically, the material of the spectral measurement compressed tablet 3 is red copper.Using Dual-layer punching cooling, intermediate layer cloth
The sandwich construction of emission spectroscopy measurements passage is put, has both met the needs of solar heat protection and intensity, cooling water channel is turn avoid and is surveyed with spectrum
Amount passage interferes.
Specifically, the optical fiber 4 is VIS/NIR multimode step change type silica fibres.The spectral measurement module 5 is by spectrometer
Formed with CCD.The data processing terminal 6 is the general designation of computer and analysis software.It is relative that elemental oxygen emission spectrum can be achieved
The on-line monitoring of intensity, and whether water leakage fault is occurred according to leak threshold determination.
The operation principle for the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum that the present embodiment proposes
It is as follows：
Air is heated by the electric arc simultaneously the electric arc heated of device 1 by air supply system into the electro-arc heater 1, swollen through jet pipe 2
High temperature gas flow is formed in test section after swollen acceleration, thermal protective performance examination is carried out to the test model for being placed on the outlet of jet pipe 2, flowed through
Air-flow after test model is collected by vacuum system；
Using the spectral measurement compressed tablet 3 between the electro-arc heater 1 and the jet pipe 2, to electric arc heated
The flow field spectrum that device 1 is formed is focused processing；Flow field spectrum after focusing is transmitted to spectral measurement module 5 through the optical fiber 4,
Flow field spectrum after the focusing includes the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum that wavelength is 777.19nm and the bias light that wavelength is 770nm
Spectrum；
Using spectral measurement module 5, the spectral intensity I of the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum is measured respectivelyOWith the background
The spectral intensity I of spectrumbackground, then calculate relative intensity I, the relative intensity I=IO/Ibackground；
After data processing terminal 6 collects the relative intensity I, by the relative intensity I and the relative intensity threshold to prestore
Value ImaxIt is compared, when the relative intensity I is more than the relative intensity threshold value ImaxWhen, judge that the electro-arc heater 1 goes out
Water leakage fault is showed；
When determining the electro-arc heater 1 and water leakage fault occur, the data processing terminal 6 sends instructions to institute
The control module of electro-arc heater 1 is stated, to cut off the power supply to electro-arc heater 1.
By taking 10MW high pressure laminations heater (its work enthalpy scope is in 8-12MJ/kg) as an example, Fig. 3 gives certain leak
Elemental oxygen emission spectrum relative intensity change curve in experiment.Before leak, high pressure lamination heater normal operation, its ratio is less than
Given threshold, and it is highly stable；Heater operation irregularity leak, relative value exceed rapidly threshold value, trigger stop sign.The system
Can be with intuitive and accurate judgement leak, and electro-arc heater is closed down within the time of ms magnitudes, minimize its scaling loss.
Pay attention to, above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art various obvious changes,
Readjust and substitute without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although being carried out by above example to the present invention
It is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to above example, without departing from the inventive concept, also
Other more equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system based on atomic emission spectrum, it is characterised in that including：Electric arc adds Hot device (1), jet pipe (2), spectral measurement compressed tablet (3), optical fiber (4), spectral measurement module (5), data processing terminal (6)；Air is heated by the electric arc simultaneously the electric arc heated of device (1) by air supply system into the electro-arc heater (1), through jet pipe (2) High temperature gas flow is formed in test section after expansion acceleration, thermal protective performance examination is carried out to the test model for being placed on jet pipe (2) outlet, The air-flow after test model is flowed through to be collected by vacuum system；Using the spectral measurement compressed tablet (3) between the electro-arc heater (1) and the jet pipe (2), to electric arc plus The flow field spectrum that hot device (1) is formed is focused processing；Flow field spectrum after focusing is transmitted to spectral measurement through the optical fiber (4) Module (5), it is 770nm's that the flow field spectrum after the focusing, which includes the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum that wavelength is 777.19nm and wavelength, Background spectrum；Using spectral measurement module (5), the spectral intensity I of the oxygen atom characteristic spectrum is measured respectivelyOWith the background spectrum Spectral intensity Ibackground, then calculate relative intensity I, the relative intensity I=IO/Ibackground；After data processing terminal (6) collects the relative intensity I, by the relative intensity I and the relative intensity threshold value to prestore ImaxIt is compared, according to the comparative result, judges whether the electro-arc heater (1) water leakage fault occurs；When determining the electro-arc heater (1) and water leakage fault occur, the data processing terminal (6) sends instructions to institute The control module of electro-arc heater (1) is stated, to cut off the power supply to electro-arc heater (1).
- 2. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 1 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, the electro-arc heater (1) is low middle enthalpy tube type arc heater of the enthalpy scope in 2-12MJ/kg.
- 3. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 2 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, when the enthalpy scope of the electro-arc heater (1) is in 8-12MJ/kg, the relative intensity threshold value Imax=0.4.
- 4. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 3 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, according to the comparative result, judges whether the electro-arc heater (1) water leakage fault occurs, including：When the relative intensity I is more than the relative intensity threshold value ImaxWhen, judge that leak occurs in the electro-arc heater (1) Failure.
- 5. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 1 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, the jet pipe (2) is axial symmetry Laval nozzle or rectangle Laval nozzle.
- 6. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 1 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, the material of the spectral measurement compressed tablet (3) is red copper.
- 7. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 1 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, the optical fiber (4) is VIS/NIR multimode step change type silica fibres.
- 8. the electro-arc heater water leakage fault diagnostic system according to claim 1 based on atomic emission spectrum, its feature It is, the spectral measurement module (5) is made up of spectrometer and CCD.
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| CN109632237A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-16 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The accurate regulating system of electro-arc heater flow parameter and adjusting method |
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| CN110207906A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of electro-arc heater track experiment leakage diagnosis system of variable element |
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| CN110411674A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of operation of electro-arc heater health and water leakage fault diagnostic system |
| CN110411675A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of electro-arc heater cooling water tiny leakage diagnostic system |
| CN114295913A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Online monitoring method for arc heater |
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| CN109632237A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-16 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | The accurate regulating system of electro-arc heater flow parameter and adjusting method |
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| CN110207899B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2024-02-09 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Electric arc heater water leakage diagnosis system based on laser absorption spectrum |
| CN110207906A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of electro-arc heater track experiment leakage diagnosis system of variable element |
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| CN110411674A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of operation of electro-arc heater health and water leakage fault diagnostic system |
| CN110411675A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of electro-arc heater cooling water tiny leakage diagnostic system |
| CN114324221A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Absolute radiation intensity measuring device for arc heating test |
| CN114324221B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-05-28 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Absolute radiation intensity measuring device for arc heating test |
| CN114295913A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Online monitoring method for arc heater |
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